JPS6230910Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to a harvesting machine, and mainly relates to an onion harvesting machine.

Generally, the best time to harvest onions is when about 80% of the onion stems and leaves have fallen down in the field. However, it is difficult to harvest the entire amount of onions at once at this appropriate time. In other words, if there is a large area of onions that are ripe for harvesting, or if there is unfavorable weather such as rainfall, there is a risk that the ripening season may be missed. In such a case, there is a risk that the quality of the onion will deteriorate, and in the worst case, the onion may cause secondary growth in the field. Therefore, we pre-harvest by cutting the roots of onions at the appropriate harvest time and cutting off the absorption of fertilizer and water to prevent quality deterioration due to secondary growth. It is conceivable to harvest all of this through the main harvesting operation. However, in this case, preparing two harvesters, one for pre-harvesting work and one for main harvesting, places a heavy financial burden on the farmer and also requires a large amount of storage space. There are many challenges such as:

This idea was created with these points in mind.
To provide a highly versatile and economical harvesting machine that can perform both preliminary harvesting work and main harvesting work with one harvesting machine.

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Reference numeral 1 denotes a main body frame. A front wheel 2 is rotatably mounted on a shaft in front of the main body frame 1, and a rear wheel 3 is rotatably mounted on a shaft at the rear thereof. Furthermore, side frames 4 are provided opposite to each other on both sides of the main body frame 1, and extension side plates 5 extending downward from the main body frame 1 are provided at the front ends of the side frames 4 on both sides.
are integrally formed. A tip 6 as an excavation body is provided diagonally forward at the lower end of the extended side plates 5 on both sides, and a conveyor 8 with a carry-in section 7 facing the rear end of the tip 6 is connected to the side frames on both sides. It is provided so as to be inclined rearward and upward between the four spaces. This conveyor 8 has locking bodies 9 for locking the harvest projecting upward from the conveyance surface at predetermined intervals, and is configured to shake off soil when transporting the harvest. There is. In addition, in the unloading section 10 of the conveyor 8, swing frames 11 are attached to the side frames 4 on both sides.
The base of the arm 12 is removably attached via a shaft 13, and the swinging frame section 14 formed in a fork shape by a plurality of frames behind the swinging frame 11 serves as an unloading section of the conveyor 8. It is located below the carry-out section 10, and is configured to shake the harvested products carried out from the carry-out section 10, shake off soil and stones, and carry them out further rearward. Also, arm 1 of this swing frame 11
A roller 15 is rotatably installed in the middle of 2,
This roller 15 is engaged with a cam 17 fixed to a drive shaft 16 in the delivery section 10 of the conveyor 8, and the rotation of this cam 17 causes the roller 1
5, the swing frame 11 is configured to swing vertically about a shaft 13 as a fulcrum. A chain 22 is suspended between a sprocket 18 fixed to the drive shaft 16 of the conveyor 8 and a sprocket 21 of a first output shaft 20 provided on the seat 19. sprocket 2
3 and the sprocket 2 of the output shaft 25 of the output device 24
A chain 27 is suspended between 6 and 6. Further, the seat 19 is fixed to the side frame 4 via a support 28, and the output device 24 is fixed to the side frame 4 via a support 29. Further, a chain 33 is suspended between yet another sprocket 30 of the first self-powered shaft 20 of the seat 19 and a sprocket 32 of a second output shaft 31 provided on the seat 19. A chain 37 is suspended between another sprocket 34 and a sprocket 36 provided on the axle 35 of the rear wheel 3.

Next, a front support frame 38 is erected between the side frames 4 on both sides, and a rear support frame 39 having a lower height than the front support frame 38 is provided at the rear part between the side frames 4 on both sides. is erected, and a foliage processing device 40 having a lower rear end is disposed between a front support frame 38 and a rear support frame 39 that are opposed to each other in the front and back. This foliage processing device 40 includes a plurality of roller sets each including two rollers: a cutting roller having a spiral protrusion that rotates in opposite directions from the outside to the inside, and a smooth roller that rotates in contact with the cutting roller. The roller unit 41 is arranged horizontally in parallel with shafts. The foliage processing device 40 transports the onions backward by the spiral protrusions of each set of cutting rollers, and cuts and removes the onion foliage between the cutting rollers and the smooth rollers. It's summery. A sprocket 43 is attached to the shaft 42 of each cutting roller and smoothing roller of each set of roller units 41, and a chain 44 suspended crosswise on each sprocket 43 is suspended on a sprocket 46 of an interlocking mechanism 45. The interlocking mechanism 45 is interlocked via a linkage medium 47 provided between the interlocking mechanism 45 and the drive shaft 16 of the transport conveyor 8. In addition, the rear support frame 39 and the side frames 4 on both sides
A transverse conveyor 49 is provided between the support frame 48 provided between the rear ends, and this transverse conveyor 49
is adapted to be interlocked with the interlocking mechanism 45 via an interlocking medium 50 and an interlocking mechanism 51.

Next, a connecting frame 52 is integrally protruded from the front of the main body frame 1, and a cylinder device 54 is rotatably mounted on a mounting frame 53 formed at the front end of the connecting frame 52 via a vertical shaft 55. The front wheel 2 is rotatably mounted on the lower end of a telescopic piston rod 56 provided on the cylinder device 54 via a removable U-shaped support frame 57. Further, a handle frame 58 is provided upright on the upper part of the connection frame 52, and a handle 58 is provided at the upper end of the handle frame 58.
An operating shaft 60 having a diameter of 9 is rotatably provided, and the cylinder device 54 is rotated in conjunction with this operating shaft 60 via an interlocking mechanism 61.
Further, a support shaft 64 of a cultivating soil plate 63 is detachably attached to a connecting piece 62 protruding from the front end of the cylinder device 54.

Next, 65 is shoot, and this shoot 65
is formed into a flat rectangular cylindrical shape with a size that is interposed between the side frames 4 on both sides and between the carrying out section 10 of the carrying conveyor 8 and the foliage processing device 40, and the carrying out section 10 of the carrying conveyor 8 is formed in the upper part. A hopper portion 66 with an enlarged diameter facing the outside is integrally formed, and a discharge port 67 is opened at the lower part. The chute 65 is detachably attached to the side frames 4 on both sides by appropriate means.

In the apparatus configured as described above, when performing the main harvesting operation, the cylinder device 54 moves the front wheel 2 up and down to set the digging depth of the tip 6.

Next, when the output device 24 is driven, the rear wheels 3 are interlocked and driven via the chains 27, 33, 37, and the main body frame 1 equipped with the harvesting mechanism is driven by the rear wheels 3. At the same time, the drive shaft 16 is driven in conjunction with the output device 24 via the chains 27 and 22, and the conveyor 8 is rotated clockwise in the figure. The cutting rollers and smoothing rollers of the processing device 40 are rotated in conjunction with each other in directions that draw in leaves in opposite directions, and are also connected to a transverse conveyor 49 via interlocking media 47 and 50.
are rotated in conjunction.

Then, the body frame 1 is run while the soil and onions a in front of the front wheels 2 are prevented from being trampled by the front wheels 2 by the soil plate 63.
Subsequently, the onions a in the field are dug up one by one with the tip 6, and the onions a are sequentially carried onto the conveyor 8 and are conveyed by the conveyor 8 while shaking off the soil. Next, the onions a of the conveyor 8 are carried from the carrying-out section 10 onto the shaking frame body 14 of the swinging frame 11, and by the swinging motion of the swinging frame 11, soil and stones are further shaken off. The foliage is transported to the foliage processing device 40.

On this foliage processing device 40, each onion a is positioned between a cutting roller provided with a spiral protrusion and a smooth roller of each roller unit 41,
While being conveyed backward by the spiral protrusion of this cutting roller, the stems and leaves b of each onion a are drawn downward as the onion a rotates, and the cutting roller and the smooth roller that rotates in contact with the onion a are pulled downward. The onions a are held between the cutting rollers and cut and removed by the spiral protrusions of the cutting rollers and the smooth rollers, and thus each onion a is conveyed by the spiral protrusions of the cutting rollers. The wafer is conveyed to the lateral conveyor 49, and is conveyed to the side of the main body frame 1 by the lateral conveyor 49.

Next, when changing direction at the harvesting end point of the forward trip, the cylinder device 54 is actuated and the piston rod 56 is extended, and the main body frame 1 is rotated clockwise around the axle 35 in FIG. The front tip metal 6 and the soil plate 63 are pulled up from the soil to the top of the field. At the same time, by rotating the handle 59, the cylinder device 54 is rotated in the rotating direction about the vertical axis 55 via the interlocking mechanism 61, and the direction can be easily changed by the front wheel 2 and rear wheel 3 at the tip. can do.

Then, the cylinder device 54 is operated again to contract the piston rod 56 to a predetermined length, and the tip 6 is dug out and set to the depth in preparation for the return harvesting operation. It is possible to carry out the harvesting work on the return trip while doing so.

Next, when performing pre-harvesting work, the swing frame 11 is removed from the shaft 13, and a chute 65 is installed between the delivery section 10 of the conveyor 8 and the foliage processing device 40 in place of the swing frame 11. The upper hopper part 66 of this chute 65 is opened to face the delivery part 10, and the lower discharge port 6 is opened.
7 is opened to face the field, and in this state, the chute 65 is fixedly set to the side frames 4 on both sides by appropriate means to constitute a harvester for pre-harvest work. When the harvesting machine for pre-harvesting work is run in the field, the onions a dug up by the tip 6 are conveyed while being sieved by the conveyor 8 as in the case of the main harvesting work. At the same time, it is supplied into the hopper section 66 of the chute 65 from the discharge section 10 of the conveyor 8 without being carried into the foliage processing device 40, and is further supplied from the hopper section 66 from the hopper section 66 through the chute 65 and from its discharge port 67. It is released back into the field and returned to the field. Therefore, the roots of this onion a are cut off, and its ability to absorb fertilizer and water is cut off or severely impaired, and it is returned to the field in a state where there is almost no risk of secondary growth occurring. , to prepare for the harvesting work.

According to the present invention, a swinging frame is removably provided between the discharge end of the conveyor that transports excavated crops, such as onions, while sieving the soil, and the foliage processing device that removes the foliage of the onions. Therefore, during the main harvesting process, a swinging frame was installed, and the onions supplied from the conveyor were moved through the swinging frame to shake off soil and stones from the onions and transport them to the foliage processing equipment. Also, during pre-harvest work, the swing frame is removed and a chute is attached to the carry-out section of the conveyor in place of the swing frame, so that the onions carried out from the carry-out section of the conveyor are carried into the stem and leaf processing equipment. This pre-harvesting work prevents secondary growth of onions and reliably maintains the quality of onions, and also prepares for the main harvesting work. Therefore, one harvester can perform both the pre-harvesting work and the main harvesting work, making it possible to provide a highly versatile and extremely economical harvesting machine.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a side view of a harvester, and Fig. 2 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the chute attached to the discharge section of the conveyor. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Main body frame, 6... Excavation body, 8... Conveyor, 10... Export part, 11... Swing frame,
40... Stem and leaf processing device, 65... Shoot.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A main body frame, an excavation body provided in front of the main body frame, and a machine connected to the excavation body with the rear upper part inclined high so that it can be moved around freely, and conveys harvested products such as onions while sieving the soil. and a foliage processing device that removes foliage from the harvest introduced from the conveyor, which is connected via a swinging frame detachably provided to the discharge section of the conveyor, A harvesting machine characterized in that a chute for returning harvested products to the field is detachably attached between the carry-out section and the foliage processing device in place of the swing frame.