JPS62294456A - Cyclone separator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To control the formation of secondary flow, by providing members, each of which guides the fluid flowing in from an inlet pipe and revolving between a cylindrical body and an exhaust pipe in a scooping-up direction, to the outer periphery of the protruded end of the exhaust pipe into the cylindrical body. CONSTITUTION:A mixed phase stream F flows in a cylindrical body 2 through an inlet pipe 5 and, when said stream F revolves between the cylindrical body 2 and an exhaust pipe 6, the secondary stream F' generated in a part of the mixed phase stream F is scooped up by guide blades 10 before reaching the lower end of the exhaust pipe 6. As a result, it is suppressed that the secondary stream F' directly flows in the exhaust pipe 6 from the lower end of said exhaust pipe 6. The scooped-up mixed phase stream F'' receives revolution between the cylindrical body 2 and the exhaust pipe 6 and sufficient centrifugal force is imparted to the solid particles G contained in said stream F''.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] 3. Detailed Description of the Invention (Field of Industrial Application) This invention relates to a cyclone separator, and more specifically, to a cyclone separator that improves the separation efficiency of solid particles mixed in a fluid. Regarding separators.

(Prior Art) A cyclone separator generally swirls a mixed flow of a gas or liquid fluid and solid particles contained therein, and uses the centrifugal force generated thereby to separate and collect the solid particles from the fluid. Alternatively, it is used to mix solid particles into a fluid and classify the solid particles according to their mass and size.

Figures 4 to 7 show a known cyclone separator that separates and collects solid particles from a mixed flow of gas and solid particles.
This will be explained with reference to the figures.

In Figures 4 to 6, 1 is a cyclone separator;
This cyclone distributor 1 is constructed as follows.

That is, 2 is a cylindrical body whose axis is vertical, and the cylindrical body 2 is
-The ends are closed with ceiling panels 3. Furthermore, an inverted conical cylinder 4 is provided that extends downward from the end of the cylinder 2. Further, the 1-disposed cylinder 2 is connected with a 1" pipe 5 in the tangential direction or in the circumferential direction of the cylinder 2.

An exhaust pipe 6 is provided through the ceiling plate 3 and has an axis substantially upward of the cylindrical body 2 and is positioned substantially on the axis of the cylindrical body 2. On the other hand, an opening [1
17 is provided for the discharge of solid particles G.

-1- Entry [1 When a mixed flow F of gaseous air A and solid particles G flows in through the pipe 5, this mixed flow F first swirls between the cylindrical body 2 and the exhaust pipe 6, and this The swirling flow sequentially descends and moves toward the inverted conical cylinder 4 side. Then, the air A in the mixed flow F is reversed upward within the inverted conical cylinder 4, passes through the center of the swirling flow, and is discharged from the exhaust pipe 6. The solid particles G swirling due to the swirling flow are subjected to centrifugal force, descend while swirling along the inner circumferential surface of the inverted conical cylinder 4, and are discharged from the lower end of the inverted conical cylinder 4 [17 flows out from As a result, the solid particles G are separated from the mixed flow F.

In addition, in the configuration described in Section 2, it has been conventionally known that the flow of the mixed flow F inside the cyclone separator 1 includes a so-called secondary flow in addition to the flow of the mixed flow F shown above. There is. To explain this using diagram t57, as noted in ``2'', the mixed flow F enters the cylindrical body 2 through the pipe 5.
When the swirling flow flows between the cylindrical body 2 and the exhaust pipe 6, a part of the swirling flow flowing near the lower surface of the ceiling plate 3 descends along the outer peripheral surface of the exhaust pipe 6, and this tJ [trachea 6 A short-circuit phenomenon occurs in which the air flows directly into the tracheal pipe 6 from the lower end of the trachea.

This flow is called the secondary flow F'.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) By the way, the secondary flow F' is a flow that short-circuits from the inlet J pipe 5 toward the exhaust pipe 6, so it exerts sufficient centrifugal force on the solid particles G. Not only does this secondary flow F' itself flow out through the exhaust pipe 6 with the solid particles G still accompanying it, which causes a reduction in the separation efficiency of the cyclone separator 1. More specifically, the flow rate of such secondary flow F' is equal to 1 of the fluid flowing from the inlet pipe 5.
Since it reaches 0 to 20%, it has a considerable influence on the separation efficiency.

(Purpose of the invention) This invention was made with attention to the circumstances as described in -1-, and its purpose is to improve the separation efficiency of a cyclone separator by suppressing the generation of secondary flows. shall be.

(Structure of the Invention) A feature of the present invention for achieving the above object is that the flow of water from the inlet pipe to the outer periphery of the protruding end of the exhaust pipe into the cylindrical body and swirling between the cylindrical body and the exhaust pipe. The point is that a guide member is provided to guide the fluid in the scooping direction.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. The basic configuration of the cyclone separator 1 is the same as that of the conventional example, so common configurations are designated by the reference numeral 41 in the drawings, and their explanation will be omitted.

Figures 1 and 2 show a p51 embodiment. In the figure, a plurality of guide vanes 10 serving as guide members are protruded from the outer periphery of the protruding end of the exhaust pipe 6 into the cylindrical body 2 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. Each of these guide vanes lO has a shape that guides in a direction to scoop up fluid that also flows into the inlet pipe 5 and swirls between the cylindrical body 2 and the exhaust pipe 6 (clockwise in plan view in the drawing). That is, each guide vane 10 has a spirally curved surface shape extending in one direction toward the front in the swirling direction of the fluid, and this guide vane 10 guides the fluid toward two directions in the front in the swirling direction. Note that this guide vane 10 may have a flat plate shape.

Further, the guide vane 10 is provided over the entire circumference of the exhaust pipe 6. Therefore, when the mixed flow F flows into the cylinder 2 through the inlet pipe 5 and swirls between the cylinder 2 and the exhaust pipe 6, a secondary flow F occurs in a part of the mixed flow F.
' before reaching the lower end of the exhaust pipe 6 ' - is scooped up by the inner vane lO. Therefore, this secondary flow F' is prevented from flowing directly into the exhaust pipe 6 from the lower end of the antagonist pipe 6. And this scooped up mixed flow F
" is given a rotation between the cylindrical body 2 and the exhaust pipe 6, and a sufficient centrifugal force is applied to the solid particles G contained therein.

Figure p. 53 shows the second embodiment. In the first embodiment, the guide vanes 10 are provided around the entire circumference of the exhaust pipe 6,
This is preferable for improving separation efficiency.

However, in the cross section of the annular space formed between the cylindrical body 2 and the exhaust pipe 6, the passage area of the swirling downward flow is reduced in the part where the guide vanes 10 are provided, so the cyclone separator 1
pressure drop increases. On the other hand, the secondary flow F
' is generated in large quantities near the connection of the inlet pipe 5 to the cylinder 2, and decreases in quantity as it moves forward in the swirling direction of the fluid from this area.

Therefore, in this embodiment, in order to suppress the increase in the pressure loss as much as possible and to effectively prevent the generation of the secondary flow F', the connection of the inlet pipe 5 to the cylindrical body is The guide vanes io are provided only on a part of the outer periphery of the trachea 6 facing forward in the swirling direction of the fluid starting from a position near the trachea.

Further, the axis O' of the exhaust pipe 6 is moved in the direction away from the connection part of the inlet pipe 5 to the cylinder body 2 from the axis 0 position of the arranged cylinder body 2.
is located. That is, the axis O of the cylindrical body 2 and the antagonism Ir
When the axis O' of F6 is made to coincide with the axis O' of the cylindrical body 2 and the iJI trachea 6, the cross section of the annular space formed between the cylindrical body 2 and the iJI trachea 6 becomes narrower in the part where the guide vane 10 is provided as described above. In the embodiment, by deviating the axis O' of the exhaust pipe 6, the areas of the two structural surfaces are made uniform in the circumferential direction. Therefore, an increase in pressure loss in the cyclone separator 1 is prevented.

Furthermore, in the configuration described in "-", a part of the exhaust pipe 6 where the guide vane 10 is not provided is cut out as shown by the dotted line in the figure to make it more
We aim to further reduce pressure loss.

In addition, although the following 1- is based on the illustrated example, the cyclone separator 1
The cylindrical body 2 may be constructed by connecting two types of cylindrical bodies having different diameters in the axial direction. Further, the inverted conical cylinder 4 may be configured in a stepped manner by connecting two types of inverted conical cylinders having different cone angles in the axial direction. Furthermore, in order to reduce the pressure loss of the cyclone separator 1, other means such as inlet guide vanes and outlet straightening vanes may be appropriately combined with the embodiments described above.

(Effects of the Invention) According to the present invention, the guide member is provided on the outer periphery of the protruding end of the exhaust pipe into the cylindrical body and guides the fluid flowing in from the inlet pipe and swirling between the cylindrical body and the exhaust pipe in a direction to scoop it up. Because of the provision of a -F The fluid is scooped up by the guide vanes, and this fluid is prevented from flowing directly into the exhaust pipe from the lower end of the exhaust pipe.

Therefore, the solid particles contained in the secondary flow are prevented from being directly discharged through the exhaust pipe, and the scooped-up secondary flow is swirled between the cylinder and the exhaust pipe! 4, and the solid particles contained therein are subjected to sufficient centrifugal force.
It will be possible to receive

As a result, an improvement in the separation efficiency of the cyclone fractionator is achieved.

In addition, in the configuration described in -h, if the guide member is provided only on a part of the outer periphery of the exhaust pipe facing forward in the swirling direction of the fluid, starting from the position near the connection part of the pipe, the first ,
The cross-sectional area of the annular space formed between the cylindrical body and the exhaust pipe is suppressed from decreasing compared to providing guide vanes around the entire circumference of the exhaust pipe, thereby suppressing an increase in pressure loss. can. Secondly, the largest amount of secondary flow tends to occur near the connection point of the inlet pipe to the cylindrical body. occurrence is effectively prevented.

Furthermore, in the configuration described in "-", the entry point into the cylindrical body is 1: ] /l? If the axis of the exhaust pipe is shifted away from the connection part of the cylinder, especially if a guide vane is provided near the connection part of the inlet pipe to the cylinder body, there will be a gap between the cylinder body and the exhaust pipe. Since the area of the cross section of the annular space is made uniform in the circumferential direction, an increase in pressure loss in the cyclone separator is prevented.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 and 2 show a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view, FIG. 2 is a plan sectional view, and FIG. 3 is a second embodiment.
4 to 7 show a conventional example, FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway perspective view, FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view, and FIG. 6 is a plan sectional view. , FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the operation. l...Cyclone separator, 2φ cylinder, 3 φ ceiling plate, 4 conical cylinder, 5 fist inlet pipe, 6 exhaust pipe, 7
...Discharge [1,10...Guide vane (guide member), F...
Multiphase flow, GΦ/solid particles, A...air (gas), 0...
The axis of the cylindrical body, the axis of the O' exhaust pipe.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A cylindrical body whose upper end is closed with a ceiling plate, an inverted conical cylinder extending downward from the lower end of the cylindrical body, and a cylindrical body extending downwardly from the cylindrical body in a tangential direction or a circumferential direction of the cylindrical body. A cyclone having an inlet pipe to be connected, an exhaust pipe having an axis substantially parallel to the cylindrical body and penetrating through the ceiling plate, and a solid particle discharge port opening at the lower end of the inverted conical cylinder. The separator is characterized in that a guide member is provided on the outer periphery of the protruding end of the exhaust pipe into the cylindrical body for guiding the fluid flowing in from the inlet pipe and swirling between the cylindrical body and the exhaust pipe in a scooping direction. cyclone separator. 2. Claim 1 characterized in that the guide member is provided only on a part of the outer periphery of the exhaust pipe facing forward in the swirling direction of the fluid starting from a position near the connection of the inlet pipe to the cylindrical body. Cyclone separator as described. 3. Claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the axial center of the exhaust pipe is offset in a direction away from the connection part of the inlet pipe to the cylindrical body with respect to the axial center position of the cylindrical body. Cyclone separator as described.