JPS622898A - Retarder of vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent a brake froce from decreasing by controlling the field current of a generator to a set current value. CONSTITUTION:An inductor type generator is composed of inductor poles 7 provided at the prescribed pitch along the circumferential direction on the outer periphery of a flywheel 4 and a stator contained in a case 8, and the generator forms a retarder of a vehicle. When a retarder switch 19 is closed, the microcomputer 15 of a controller 13 is operated, and a base current is supplied to a transistor 17. Thus, the generator generates, and the vehicle is affected by a brake force. A microcomputer 16 reads out a set current value for the rotating speed of a flywheel, and the base current of the transistor 17 is controlled in response to a deviation between the set current value and the current value of a field coil detected by a counting transformer 21.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[Industrial Application Field 1] The present invention relates to an automobile retarder, and more particularly to an auto-em retarder that is composed of a power generator and that utilizes the work done from the outside as braking force when the generator generates electricity. Regarding. [Summary of the Invention] The present invention provides a retarder constituted by a generator 7, which is provided with means for roughly controlling its field current, and means for comparing the actual field current with a set current value. The comparing means compares the actual current value and the set Ti flow value, and if there is a difference between the two, the current value is adjusted to the set value by the control means. The field current is controlled so that the braking force does not decrease even if the current is applied for a long time.

[Prior Art] Retarders conventionally used to brake automobiles utilize eddy currents, and rotate a rotor in a magnetic field formed by a stator coil. By generating eddy currents, kinetic energy was converted into thermal energy. Such conventional eddy current retarders have the drawback of being large in size and design. Furthermore, since the rotor is equipped with cooling fins, the upper two fins are always subject to windage damage due to their rotation even when braking is not performed, resulting in poor fuel efficiency. [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In view of these problems, a retarder consisting of a generator has been proposed. By using the generator's rotor as a flywheel, it becomes possible to incorporate the retarder into the engine in a compact manner. However, similar to the eddy current type retarder, this type of retarder also has the drawback that the power gradually decreases as the energization time increases. This is because as the energization time becomes longer, the temperature of the field coil decreases, the specific resistance of the field coil increases, and the field current decreases. The present invention has been made in view of these problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a retarder for a 11J vehicle that can always generate the desired braking force without decreasing the υJti71 force with the energization time. The purpose is to

[Means to solve the problem]

The present invention is a retarder constituted by a photoelectric machine, which utilizes work done from the outside when the generating TL machine generates electricity as a braking force. Electric field? A means for controlling the Ii current and a means for comparing the actual field current and a set current value are respectively provided, and the field current is controlled by the control means to υ+1211 so that the set current value is reached. This is how it was done.

[Effect]

Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to keep the field current close to the set value at all times, and the field current does not decrease even if the specific resistance of the field coil increases. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the braking force from decreasing as the energization time increases.

[In the following, the present invention will be explained with reference to an illustrated embodiment. FIG. 3 does not show an engine 1 equipped with a retarder according to an embodiment of the present invention, and this engine 1 is constituted by, for example, a diesel engine for a truck. On the back side of this engine 1 is a flywheel housing 2.
is provided. A stator case 8 of an inductor type power generation example, which will be described later, is attached to the upper and lower portions of the housing 2. A transmission 5 is arranged roughly on the back side of the flywheel housing 2, and is configured to change the rotation speed of the engine 1 to an appropriate value and transmit it to the driving wheels 113 via the propeller shaft 6. Next, to describe the structure of the retarder provided in this engine 1, as shown in FIG. Inductor magnetic poles 7 are provided at a predetermined pitch along the circumferential direction. The flywheel 4 provided with the magnetic poles 7 constitutes a rotor of an inductor type generator, and this generator constitutes a retarder of an automobile. Cases 8 are provided on the upper and lower sides of the housing 2, and a stator of an inductor type generator is housed in these cases 8. As shown in FIG. 5, this stator includes a plurality of ball cores 9 arranged in the circumferential direction of the flywheel 4. The lower end of the ball core 9 faces the inductor magnetic pole 7 through a small air gap, and the upper end is fixed to the r plate of the case 8 via the stator yoke 10. An electronic coil 11 and a field coil 12 are wound around the ball core 9, respectively. Note that while the armature coil 11 is wound across two ball cores 9, the *m coil 12 is wound around each ball core 9 one by one. The field coil 12 on the stator side having such a configuration is the third
It is connected to a battery 14 via a controller 13 shown in FIGS. Field 1 to field coil 12
? The controller 13 that controls the flow υIt)j is, in particular, a microcomputer 1 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3.
It consists of 6. This microcomputer 16 is connected to the base of the control transistor 17. This transistor 17 has its collector connected to the battery 14 via a diode 18, and its emitter connected to the field coil 12 wound around the ball core 9. Therefore, the field current is controlled by the transistor 17 in accordance with the base current supplied by the microcomputer 16. On the other hand, the N armature coils 11 are connected to a full-wave rectifier 22 via a changeover switch 23. The other end of the changeover switch 23 is connected to the load resistor 15. and a full-wave N current transistor 2 consisting of four diodes.
The output side of 2 is connected to the control circuit of the field G[lHR constituted by the transistor 17, and enables a self-excited field. A retarder switch 19 is connected to the input side of the microcomputer 16 for controlling the field current. Further, a search coil 20 is connected to the input side of the mital computer 16. This search coil 20 is wound around the ball core 9, and is designed to detect the rotational speed of the engine. Furthermore, a current i-lance 21 is connected to the input side of the microcomputer 16. This transformer 21 detects the value of the current actually flowing through the field coil 12. Next, the operation of the retarder for this automobile configured as described above will be explained. For example, when a car with the retarder biased goes down a long slope, the retarder switch 19 provided at the driver's seat is turned on. Then, the microcomputer 16 of the controller 13 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 operates, and the base? [ is supplied to the base of transistor 17. Therefore, conduction occurs between the collector and emitter of the transistor 17, and a field current flows from the battery 14 through the transistor 17 to the armature coil 12 of the stator of the inductor generator.
will be excited. When the field coil 12 is excited in this way, as shown in FIG.
A pair of ball cores 9 with 'JH' are magnetized so that they have different polarities. Therefore, at a certain moment, a magnetic circuit 35 as shown by the dotted line in FIG. Then, the third
A magnetic circuit 36 as shown by the chain line in the figure is formed. The magnetic fluxes passing through these magnetic circuits 35, 36 both interact with the armature coil 11, and the directions of the magnetic fluxes passing through the two magnetic circuits 35, 36 are reversed. Therefore, due to this change in magnetic flux, armature coil 1
An electromotive force is induced in 1, and this inductor type generator generates electricity. This means that the engine 1 or the vehicle drives the flywheel 4, and the work done from the outside at this time is absorbed as braking force. Therefore, the vehicle receives a braking force due to the power generated by the inductor type power generator, and the vehicle is decelerated. The generated output at this time is consumed by the load resistor 15 shown in FIGS. 1 and 4. Furthermore, in the child-type power generator constituting the automobile retarder according to this embodiment, the field current flowing through the field coil 12 is 2il as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
It is designed to be used. That is, as shown in the flowchart shown in FIG.
is determined by the detection output of the search coil 20 whether the engine 1 or the flywheel 4 is equipped with this retarder.
Detects the rotation speed. At the same time, microcomputer 16
is actually connected to the field coil 12 by the current transformer 21.
Detects the current value supplied to the Furthermore, the microcomputer 16 reads a map of current values versus rotational speeds stored in advance in its ROM. Based on this information, the microcomputer 16 compares the current value set by the map with the actual current value. If the actual current value is less than the set current value, the base current of the transistor 17 is increased. As a result, the field III flowing from the battery 14 or the full-wave rectifier 25!22 to the field coil 12
Flow increases. If the map setting value and the actual current value are equal,
Maintain the current state without changing the field 11 flow. Further, when the actual current value is greater than the current value set by the map, the base current il flow of the transistor 17 is reduced, thereby lowering the field &IIN current. Therefore, such υ112a makes it possible to maintain the value of the current flowing through the field coil 12 at a substantially constant value. As described above, according to the inductor type generator If machine according to this embodiment,
The value of the field current flowing through the field coil 12 is controlled to a substantially constant value. Therefore, even if the temperature of the field coil 12 increases and the specific resistance of this coil 12 increases by increasing the time during which current is applied to the retarder, the field 1! In such a case, by using the transistor 17 to increase the field lff1 flow, it is possible to prevent the braking force from decreasing. Therefore, even if the NUI becomes long, the desired power can always be generated. It becomes possible to provide tarda. Although the present invention has been described above with reference to the illustrated embodiment, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made based on the technical idea of the present invention. For example, in the above embodiment, the actual current value flowing through the field coil 12 is detected by the current transformer 21, but instead of detection by such a transformer, a shunt resistor is used to detect the field lff1 current. You may also do so. Effects of the Invention As described above, the present invention includes means for controlling the field current of the generator and means for comparing the actual field current and the set current iff. The field current is controlled by the control means so that the current value becomes the same as the current value. Therefore, according to the present invention, the field magnetic field? It is now possible to control υ so that the 4 current approaches the set value, and this prevents the field coil from increasing in temperature and increasing its specific resistance with the energization time, thereby preventing the field Ta M current from decreasing. becomes possible. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the braking force from decreasing with the energization time.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a circuit for controlling the field current of an automobile retarder according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the operation for this field vA lightning current '#A■. , FIG. 3 is a side view of the main parts of an automobile engine equipped with this retarder, and FIG. 4 is an external perspective view of the retarder.
FIG. 5 is an enlarged front view of the main parts of the stator. In addition, in the symbols used in the drawings, 4... flywheel 7... inductor magnetic pole 9... ball core 10... stator yoke 11... armature coil 12... field coil 16... . . . Microcomputer 17 . . . Control transistor 20 . . . Search coil 21 . . . Current transformer.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A retarder constituted by a generator, which uses work done from the outside when the generator generates electricity as a braking force, comprising means for controlling a field current of the generator; means for comparing the actual field current and a set current value, and the field current is controlled by the control means so that the set current value is achieved. Automotive retarder.