JPS62282089A - Treatment of coconut leaf stem as pulp raw material - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Use Palm oil, which is produced in tropical regions and is a raw material for edible oils, detergents, etc., is extracted from the fruits of oil palms.

Oil palms are systematically cultivated over vast areas, and the fruit is harvested and unnecessary petioles are cut off every year. This petiole is hardly used at present and is left alone in the cultivation area. The present invention relates to a method of pre-treating the unused oil palm confectionery stalk as a valve raw material with alkali so as to develop pulp strength.

Conventional technology The cut off petiole is left in the cultivation area and rots naturally and becomes organic fertilizer, but there is no active use for it, and there is a research report that it is used as raw material for pulp without treatment (R, J o
edodibroto; B eritaSelul
osa/Des, 1982 Vol, XVI
NQ4p, 95). However, there is no research or patent on treating the petiole with alkali and using it as a raw material for pulp.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention (i) The petiole of a palm tree contains oil precursors synthesized in the leaves, so in tropical areas, when it is cut off, it soon rots due to microorganisms such as mold, and the petiole turns black. This blackened material is unsuitable as a pulp raw material, and the whiteness of the pulp made from it is close to black, about 5%, and the pulp strength is extremely weak because the cellulose is partially decomposed. There are two problems when using the petiole as it is as a pulp raw material.

Means and Effects for Solving the Problems In order to use the petiole as a raw material for pulp, the inventors of the present invention have conducted intensive research on a method for removing fat and oil precursors present in the petiole, and have found a number of results. Became. It has been revealed that fat and oil precursors are removed when the alkali concentration is high (approx. 20% caustic soda solution) and the temperature is high (up to 180°C); The yield of the treated product is extremely low due to partial decomposition. The conditions under which the fat and oil precursors are removed to the extent that they do not become a hindrance during the next pulping process and that partial decomposition of cellulose hardly occurs are that the concentration of caustic soda is 8% or less, the temperature is 100°C or less, and the processing time is 40 minutes or less. It became clear. It was revealed that under these conditions, the removal of fat and oil precursors took precedence over the partial decomposition of cellulose.

In addition, if the oil and fat precursors contained in the petiole are extracted and removed with a warm caustic soda solution and dried as is or after being washed with water slightly, the petiole will decrease in volume and become alkaline with a pH of about 11, so it will not rot due to mold etc. Bacteria do not grow. Unrotted petioles treated in this way can be easily made into pulp chips, and these chips are suitable as raw materials for kraft pulp (KP) and thermomechanical pulp (TMP).

On the other hand, those that are immediately dried with hot air, except for the petioles that have been cut off, contain oil precursors but do not spoil in a short period of time. However, when this material is turned into chips and the kraft pulp is digested, a large amount of alkali is required, and the resulting pulp contains dark brown matter due to oil precursors, and the pulp has a color discoloration of 20% or less. In addition, when producing thermomechanical pulp, the fibers slide in the longitudinal direction due to the oil precursors they contain, giving priority to cutting the fibers rather than loosening them, resulting in a pulp with a strength lower than that of ordinary softwood mechanical pulp. becomes.

On the other hand, when kraft pulp is digested from petiole chips from which oil and fat precursors have been removed, the amount of alkali required is the same as in normal kraft pulp digestion, and the whiteness of the resulting pulp is 20% or more.

Furthermore, when thermomechanical pulp is produced from petiole chips from which oil and fat precursors have been removed, defibration is possible with an appropriate disk clearance, and the strength of the resulting thermomechanical pulp is comparable to that of hardwood kraft pulp. The pulp yield in this case is about 71%, which is 1.5 times that of kraft pulp, and is very beneficial. That is, it is of great significance that pulp equivalent to hardwood kraft pulp can be produced at a yield of about 71%.

A detailed explanation will be given below using specific examples.

Example 1 After cutting the petiole of oil palm and removing the leaves, it was divided into 2 to 3 parts.
% caustic soda solution at 50 to 60°C for 30 minutes, taken out, and then washed with a small amount of water.
After drying with hot air at ℃, make chips for pulp. Chip surface 1) H was 11.2.

Example 2 Chips made according to Example 1 were mixed with 18% active alkali.
The kraft pulp was cooked under the conditions of a cooking temperature of 170°C, a liquid ratio of 1:5, a cooking time of 1 hour, and a sulfidity of 20% - untreated chips were also cooked under the same conditions to obtain kraft pulp. Table 1 shows the difference in quality between the two.

6-Table 1 Comparison of quality of kraft pulp made from kraft pulps with and without oil precursors removed Example 3 Chips made according to Example 1 were heated to 0 disc clearance in water vapor at 120°C and 1.5 atm. First defibration is performed under the condition of .35mm, then the disc clearance is 0.35mm.
Secondary fibrillation was carried out in water vapor at 100° C. under conditions of mm. For untreated chips, primary defibration was performed in the same manner, and secondary defibration was performed in the same manner with a disk clearance of 0.35 mm. Table 2 shows the difference in quality of the produced pulp.

Table 2 Comparison of quality of thermomechanical valves made from oil precursors removed and untreated ones Example 4 The chips made according to Example 1 were immersed in an alkaline aqueous solution in advance to remove excess liquid. 2% Na in chips
Include OH. The alkali-containing chips thus prepared were firstly defibrated in steam at 120° C. and 1.5 atm with a disk clearance of 0.35 mm, and then secondarily defibrated under the conditions of a disk clearance of 0.35 ml. The untreated chips were also subjected to alkali immersion treatment, secondary defibration, and secondary defibration in the same manner as the treated chips. Table 3 shows the quality of the produced pulp.

Table 3 Example 5 Instead of the alkaline aqueous solution in Example 4, the chips were immersed in an aqueous solution containing both alkali and sodium sulfite to give 2% alkali (NaOH) to the chip! 11% sodium sulfite! A treatment containing Jum (Na 2803 ) was applied to the chip made in Example 1 and the untreated chip in the same manner as in Example 4, and secondary defibration and secondary defibration were performed. Table 4 shows the quality of the obtained pulp.

Table 4 Effects of the Invention The effects of the present invention are that even when pulped as a raw material for the kraft pulp shown in Table 1 in Example 2, the treated pulp has a high yield and the quality of the pulp is also good.

The most remarkable effect was the alkali-added TMP shown in Example 4.
This is the case. In other words, alkali is added to the treated chips.
When converted into MP, the bulb yield was 70.9%, the breaking length was 4.2 kII11 folding strength was 68 times, which was comparable to KP, and the energy required for TMP was 0.55
This is a low value of k(]]/kll-pal.A similar effect appears in Example 5 as well.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. When the petiole part of the petiole is used as a pulp raw material by removing the cut-off oil palm petiole leaves, the fibers in the petiole are removed for the purpose of removing the oil precursors contained inside. Concentration and temperature of alkali at a level that does not cause attack, i.e. 3
A method of treating with ~8% caustic soda solution at a temperature of 20°C to 100°C for 20 minutes to 40 minutes. 2. When washing and drying the product from which the oil precursor described in claim 1 has been removed, the surface pH is 9.5.
A method to prevent microorganisms from entering by drying the product that has been washed with water to a temperature of ~11.5 and using it as a raw material chip for valves. 3. A method for producing kraft pulp and thermomechanical pulp (TMP) using chips made by the method described in claims 1 and 2 as raw materials for these pulps.