JPS62280590A - Ball washing method for condenser and device thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable economical management of the contaminating state of the cooling pipe of the condenser of a steam generating plant by using a thermal power or an atomic power, by a method wherein opening and closing control of a screen and the charging position of a washing material are switched according to an adhering state of a foreign matter to a screen and the contaminating state of the outlet and inlet of a cooling pipe. CONSTITUTION:Ball collection and prescreens 10 and 14 have screen's function of removing a foreign matter 36 in cooling water from a curculating pump 6, and meanwhile, the side, facing an outlet water chamber 12, of an outlet water chamber 11 of a condenser has ball collector's function of catching a washing material 37 in cooling water. By means of outputs from differential pressure gauges 40 and 45, the degree of adhesion of a foreign matter to the collectors 10 and 14 is detected, and through promotion of screen driving machines 31, 32, 33, and 34, collection of a foreign matter to the screen and back washing motion are effected. Further, outputs from heat flow sensors 60 and 65 are compared with each other through the working of an arithmetic unit 200, a motion instruction to ball recovery valves 17 and 26 and ball charge valves 23 and 28 are issued from a control oscillating device so that ball washing is effected by back washing beginning with the outlet side on which the degree of contamination is high.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention 3. Detailed Description of the Invention [Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for cleaning cooling pipes of a condenser used in a thermal or nuclear steam generation plant.

[Background of the invention]

As described in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 59-158894, the conventional device is equipped with a screen that can open and close the inflow pipe and the discharge pipe on the side of the equipment that requires water intake, and the inflow/discharge pipe and the water intake/discharge pipe are A backwash valve is installed between the screen and the screen, and the pressure difference across the screen is detected. When the screen on the closed side reaches the set pressure difference, the backwash valve is switched, the screen on the other open side is closed, and then the screen is closed again. The side screen could be opened.

However, the dirt (slime) in the seawater that passed through the screen.

Cleaning the balls of cooling pipes to prevent the adhesion of marine insects, etc. In particular, depending on the degree of dirt on the inlet and outlet sides of the cooling pipes, it is not possible to clean the balls by forward cleaning, circular cleaning, or back cleaning. , I/'C, #I4 No consideration was given to protection measures in the event that a large amount of foreign matter occasionally flows into the screen.

[Purpose of the invention]

An object of the present invention is to create a condenser that can follow changes in the state of foreign matter adhering to the screen and the operating (performance) state of the condenser, and can change the position of the cleaning body in accordance with the state of contamination of the cooling pipe group. The present invention provides a ball cleaning operating method and device.

[Summary of the invention]

The key points of the present invention are to provide a ball collector and pre-screen in the cooling water inlet and outlet system of the condenser, to detect the aforementioned differential pressure of the screen, and to install a backwash valve between the cooling water inlet and outlet systems. It is equipped with a means to detect the heat flux on the outer wall of the condenser cooling pipe inlet and outlet, and to evaluate the pipe cleanliness of the cooling pipe from the heat flux and the condenser temperature change. A condenser ball cleaning operation method and apparatus characterized in that the opening/closing operation of the screen and the input position of the cleaning body are changed according to the adhesion state of foreign matter and the contamination state of the cooling pipe inlet/outlet.

[Embodiments of the invention]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

3 to 7 show one embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 3 shows the basic system diagram. Cooling water inlet system 9 of condenser 1
A ball catcher and pre-screen 10.14 is provided in the cooling water outlet system 13. The ball collector/pre-screen 10.14 has the function of a screen to remove foreign matter 36 from the cooling water on the inflow and outflow sides of the cooling water from the circulating water pump 6, and on the other hand, the ball collector/prescreen 10.14 has the function of a screen to remove foreign matter 36 from the cooling water. Water chamber 1
The side facing 2 has the function of a ball collector that can catch the cleaning body 37 in the cooling water.

Ball collector and pre-screen (hereinafter referred to as collection device)
10.14 is provided with a differential pressure gauge 40.45 for detecting the differential pressure between the front and rear, and the detected value Δp1. Δp is the signal human power device 100
is input.

Heat flow sensors 60 and 65 are attached to the outer walls of the inlet and outlet portions of the plurality of cooling pipes 2 in the condenser 1, and their detection outputs e, , e, and internal steam temperature t are measured.

Alternatively, a detector 70 for detecting the internal vacuum degree p is generally used. Further, the cooling water inlet system 9 and the cooling water outlet system 13 are also provided with detectors 50 and 55, respectively, for detecting the cooling water outlet temperature t. In addition, the cooling water inlet system 7 has fi,
A detector 35 is provided), all signal input devices are
It is man-powered by o. Furthermore, the signal input device 100 further includes a planning condition (for example).

Total! iIiJg cleanliness, planned pipe cleanliness ratio 2. Planned collection device differential pressure, etc.) a can also be input. Next, the calculation device 200 calculates based on these input data, and the differential pressures Δp+ and ΔpY of each collection device are compared with the set value jp, and the pipe cleanliness C+ and C- at the entrance and exit of the cooling pipe are determined. Calculated, set value C1
compared to Then, a command can be given to the control transmitter fii300 to oscillate a control signal. That is, the degree of adhesion of foreign matter to each collection device 10 14 is detected by the outputs Δpl and Δp of the differential pressure gauge 40.45, and signals s, o, -wb are transmitted from the control transmitter, and the collection device 10 .14 screen drive machine 31, 32.33゜3
By prompting the operation 4, foreign matter can be collected into the screen and a backwash operation can be performed. Furthermore, the output e of the heat flow sensor 60°65,
, e. detects the degree of contamination at the inlet and outlet of the cooling pipe and sends signals b5 to b from the control device, prompting the operation of the ball circulation pump 19, ball recovery valves 17 and 26, and ball input fP23°28. , it is possible to recover from a decrease in the degree of vacuum inside the vessel due to contamination of the cooling W2. Furthermore, as a result of investigating the amount of scale adhesion on the inner surface of the condenser cooling pipe due to changes in operating conditions (turbine load, flow rate, temperature, etc.), we found that the degree of contamination at the inlet and outlet of the cooling pipe was as shown in Figure 6. is not uniform and tends to be more contaminated at the outlet, so the output e1. from the heat flow sensor 60°65. e, are compared by the arithmetic unit 200, and the control transmitter 300 selects the ball recovery valves 17, 26 and the ball input valves 23, 28 so that the balls are cleaned by backwashing from the outlet side where the degree of contamination is particularly high. Operation commands are also possible.

In addition, the calculation device 20 calculates the cleaning time of the ball and the dirt recovery rate.
0, and a signal is sent from the control transmitter 300 to signal the ball input time (backwash time) according to the degree of contamination at the entrance and exit of the cooling pipe. It is also possible to control the opening and closing of the ball input valves 23 and 28.

That is, the heat flow sensor 60 attached to the outer wall of the cooling pipe 2,
The output eI, e, from 65 is detected as a general Ki, mv voltage, but the output e,,e, (e,,!: generic term),! of these heat flow sensors 60.65 is detected as a general Ki,mv voltage. :According to actual measurement data, the relationship between the heat flux qt t qa (generally referred to as qm) passing through the pipe wall of the cooling pipe 2 is near IJ], and input this characteristic into the calculation device 200 as input data. Then, the measured heat flux q.

Calculate.

qmocK-ea・・・・・・・・・・・・
(1) However: The coefficient detector 70 detects the internal steam temperature t or the internal vacuum degree p. When detecting the internal vacuum degree p, the arithmetic unit 200 converts the corresponding saturation temperature t, and calculates the output 1. The actually measured logarithmic average temperature difference θm is calculated from the output of the cooling water outlet temperature detector 55 [,].

From equations (1) and (2), the measured heat transfer rates J-+, J-(
(collectively referred to as J-).

J,,=(1,/θm...
(3) Next, calculate the design point heat transfer rate Jd based on preset operating conditions, that is, turbine load, cooling water flow rate, cooling water inlet temperature, and condenser specifications. , heat transfer rate ratio R+, 几, (generally referred to as R1) is calculated.

几、＝J、、IJd・・・・・・
・・・・・・(4) Here, Jd is the value before the cooling pipe becomes dirty, so if the performance decreases due to cooling pipe dirt rarely occurs, the %
Unless otherwise specified, it is detected and calculated using the general K J -(J-+ (J d) relationship.

Next, the heat transfer rate ratio obtained by equation (4) 3. Calculate the cooling pipe cleanliness C' +, C' - (collectively referred to as C') during operation from R6) and the pipe cleanliness C1 at the planning time, = Ca - R,... . . .) Further, a pipe cleanliness ratio of 01.0° (generally referred to as 0°) is calculated from the operating pipe cleanliness C'+, C's and the planned pipe cleanliness Ca.

According to equations (5) and (6), contamination on the inlet and outlet sides of the cooling pipe can be managed by detecting heat flux. The above pipe cleanliness C' for the inlet and outlet sides of the cooling pipe 2
+ z C' @, Rouiwa, pipe cleaning rate 01゜0,
and each preset allowable value Ca,
■Analyze whether or not it is cloudy using the arithmetic unit 200.1 For example,
Outputs eI, e, of the heat flow sensor 60°65 from the cooling pipe 2
If the result of the analysis is that the set pipe cleanliness Ca is 1 or the set pipe cleanliness ratio is 0, an ON command is immediately issued to the condenser ball cleaning device. To give a specific example, in the seventh rgJ, when the amount of scale adhesion g+, g- on the inner surface of the cooling tube increases from the solid line to the broken line, the heat fluxes e, , e decrease accordingly, and the tube cleansing becomes more difficult. The degree of cleanliness C+ and C- also decreased, and the pipe cleanliness C0 on the outlet side of the cooling pipe decreased to C.
, <C, the shibor cleaning device is turned on.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a specific example of the cleaning operation method of the present invention.
In particular, based on the differential pressures ΔpI and Δp between the collection devices 10 and 14, forward washing or backwashing is determined, respectively.
Δp+(Δp,.

After satisfying Δp*('pa, as described above, calculate the pipe cleanliness C+* Ce and the pipe cleanliness ratio (81,, (9°) and perform performance analysis. In other words, the inlet side of the cooling pipe The operating method of the cleaning device is selected based on the comparison between the pipe cleanliness level C1 of
0N10FF operation of the cleaning device is performed by comparison with .

FIG. 1 shows a normal washing state in which only the collection device 10 functions as a pre-screen and the ball cleaning device is not operated, the ball circulation pump 19 is stopped, and the ball recovery valves 17, 26, And the ball input valves 23 and 28 are in a closed state.

Fig. 2 shows the case where the differential pressure gauge 40 is Δp, <<Δp, the pipe cleanliness is C+ >C-, C-'-C-, and the collection device 14 functions as a ball collector. This shows the ball cleaning operation status of normal cleaning.

FIG. 3 shows a case where the differential pressure gauge 40 indicates Δp1≧Δp, and the backwash valve 8 is set to the backwash position.

The collecting device 10 is in a backwashing state, and the collecting device 14 is functioning as a pre-screen. FIG. 4 shows a bowl cleaning operation in a filter and backwashing state, which is completely opposite to FIG. 2.

FIG. 5 shows that in the state shown in FIG. 1, when a large amount of foreign matter instantly flows into the collection device 10, the differential pressure Δl)+ far exceeds Δp, and the strength of the collection device is The state in which the collection device 10 is opened and the foreign matter 36 adhering to the screen of the collection device 10 is partially released to the condenser water chamber 11 side is shown because this also has an effect. After this, by backwashing as shown in Figure 3,
The collection device 10 is protected.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, it becomes possible to manage the contamination state of the cooling pipe, follow changes in the operation (performance) state of the cooling pipe, and switch the insertion position of the cleaning body according to the contamination state of the cooling pipe. .

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1 to 5 are system diagrams of an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 6 is a diagram showing the results of investigation of the amount of direct scale deposited inside cooling pipes, and Figure 7 is a characteristic showing the direction of change in operating status values at the entrance and exit of cooling pipes. figure,
Fig. 8 is a 70-chart showing the details of the cleaning operation method, Fig. 9 is a system diagram of a known foreign matter removal device, and Fig. 10 is 'i4
9 is an explanatory diagram of the action of FIG. 9. 1... Condenser.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A heat flux sensor attached to the outer wall of the cooling pipe inlet and outlet of the condenser detects the heat flux, the internal steam temperature or the internal vacuum degree, and the cooling water inlet and outlet temperature. In addition, the differential pressure across the ball cleaning device and pre-screen installed in the cooling water inlet and outlet system is detected, and the detected value is input to a calculation device to calculate the pipe cleanliness of the cooling pipe inlet and outlet. Alternatively, compare the differential pressure across the front and rear with a preset plan value, and switch the cleaning body loading position depending on the dirt condition at the entrance and exit of the cooling pipe or the differential pressure condition of the ball cleaning device and pre-screen. A distinctive condenser ball cleaning method. 2. Heat flow sensors installed on the outer walls of the cooling pipe inlet and outlet of the condenser, detectors for internal steam temperature or internal vacuum, cooling water inlet/outlet temperature, and balls installed in the cooling water inlet/outlet system. A collector and pre-screen, a differential pressure gauge that detects the differential pressure across the front and back, a signal input device for the detected value, and a pipe cleanliness at the inlet and outlet of the cooling pipe is calculated, and the pipe cleanliness or the front and back difference is calculated. A ball cleaning device for a condenser, comprising: a calculation device that compares the pressure with a preset plan value; a control transmission device that switches the cleaning direction based on the output of the calculation device; and a backwash valve. 3. The condenser ball cleaning device according to claim 2, characterized in that the cooling water inlet system is provided with a flow meter for detecting the amount of cooling water.