JPS62266544A - Photosensitive body - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable the relatively easy adhesion of especially a filter layer to the photosensitive layer of a photosensitive body and to improve the insulation by forming a color separation layer as the filter layer on the photosensitive body with an adhesive in-between CONSTITUTION:A layer having a color separation function (a color separation layer or a member for color separation) is adhered to upper side and/or lower side of a photosensitive layer with a carboxylated adhesive. A photosensitive body 40 has a photosensitive layer 12 formed on an electrically conductive member 11 and a layer 3 composed of a composite filter layer 3a consisting of a group of necessary minute color separation filters and a thin film 3b and adhered to the surface of the layer 12 with an adhesive 2. Such a photosensitive body is preferably produced by adhering a member for color separation fitted with a plastic film, and a carboxylated polyacrylate adhesive is effective in adhering the plastic film. The performance of the adhesive depends on the carboxyl group content. The amount of the carboxyl groups in the adhesive is preferably 0.01-1.0% of the amount of the adhesive and is practically 0.05-0.3 equiv. per 100g adhesive.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION A. Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a photoreceptor, particularly an electrophotographic photoreceptor.

B. Prior Art Conventionally, several methods and apparatuses have been proposed for forming multicolor images using electrophotography.

For example, there is a multicolor image forming method and apparatus in which each time a toner image of each color is formed on an electrophotographic photoreceptor by image exposure and development according to each color separated light, the toner image is transferred to a transfer material. For example, using a device equipped with a plurality of photoconductors corresponding to the number of separated colors, each photoconductor is subjected to image exposure and development of each color to form a toner image of each color, and this is sequentially transferred to a transfer material. There are methods and devices for transferring.

However, in the former method and apparatus, since the photoreceptor is rotated multiple times to form toner images of each color, it takes a long time to record an image, and it is difficult to increase the speed. The latter method and apparatus use a plurality of photoreceptors in parallel, which is advantageous in terms of high speed, but has drawbacks such as the apparatus becoming larger and more expensive. Furthermore, in both the former and the latter, transfer is repeated multiple times, making it difficult to align the images.

As a solution to these shortcomings, a patent application filed in 1986-18
No. 5440, No. 59-187044, No. 59-199
No. 547, specification No. 60-229524, etc.,
A composite filter layer in which multiple types of microfilters of different colors are arranged in a mosaic pattern is provided above the photosensitive layer (the side to which toner adheres during development) or below (the side to which toner does not adhere during development) the photosensitive layer. An image forming method using a photoreceptor has been proposed. According to this method, image exposure is applied through a composite filter bonded to a photoreceptor, and then the entire surface is exposed to specific light such as R, G, and daylight, and the area corresponding to the specific filter in the composite filter is exposed. A multicolor image is formed on a photoreceptor by forming an electrostatic image corresponding to the light transmitted through the filter, developing it using a specific color toner, and smoothing it by recharging, repeated for each type of filter. Since the image forming method is fixed, it has the advantage that only one image exposure is required and there is no need for alignment, and it is possible to easily obtain a high-quality multicolor image.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention Although the method of using a photoreceptor having a mosaic filter has many advantages as described above, a major problem is how to provide the filter on the photoreceptor. In other words, simply printing a filter layer on the surface of the photoreceptor, which is relatively fragile but must be extremely smooth and completely free of defects such as scratches, will not produce good results, and it is difficult to achieve technical results. It was also accompanied by many difficulties.

On the other hand, a method of forming an image using a photoreceptor having an insulating layer attached to the surface of the photoreceptor is a well-known image forming method. In the photoreceptor used in this image forming method, the main agent E of a polyester film laminating adhesive manufactured by Dainippon Ink and Chemicals Co., Ltd. is used for adhesion between the photoreceptor and the insulating layer.
An adhesive prepared by mixing PS-623 and a hardening agent KN-40 in a ratio of 5:1 and further diluting it twice with methyl ethyl ketone is used (Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 16645/1983).

One idea is to use such an adhesive to adhere a mosaic filter, which is the color separation filter described above, onto the photosensitive layer, but the results are unsatisfactory.

That is, the adhesive used is required to have the following various performances, but an adhesive that satisfies these has not yet been proposed (the mosaic filter is made of an insulating film such as polyethylene terephthalate).

(l) The adhesion layer (adhesive layer) between the photoreceptor and the color separation member (mosaic filter) is uniform.

(2) The aggregation rate at the time of curing is small (if it is large, air bubbles will be generated and the image in this area will be sloppy).

(3) Use an adhesive that does not release water during curing. Further, in the case of a water-soluble adhesive, the potential of the surface layer of the photoreceptor flows, which is disadvantageous.

(4) If there are any adhesives (including curing agents) that may dissolve or contaminate the photoreceptor and color separation member, it is preferable to avoid them.

(5) It is better not to involve heating during adhesion (for example, if the photosensitive layer is made of amorphous selenium, it is likely to crystallize)
.

(6) The adhesive should be highly transparent to white light and infrared light (as this would lead to a decrease in image exposure).

(7) A material with high insulating properties is better (if it is conductive, charge will flow and the image will become blurred).

21. OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a photoreceptor to which a color separation member (Ji) is adhered using an adhesive that satisfies the above-mentioned various performances.

E0 Structure of the invention and its effects, that is, the present invention provides that a layer having a color separation function (hereinafter referred to as a color separation layer or a color separation member) is carboxylated on the upper side and/or the lower side of the photosensitive layer. This relates to a photoreceptor that is bonded via an adhesive.

According to the present invention, a specific adhesive, that is, a carboxylated adhesive (hereinafter referred to as the adhesive of the present invention) is used to adhere the color separation layer (in particular, the color separation member such as the mosaic filter mentioned above). Since this adhesive has a carboxyl group introduced into the polymer molecule, it significantly improves the adhesion of the polymer to polar substances. In particular, carboxyl groups enhance the adhesion between rubber and metal, improve the cohesive strength of the adhesive itself, and in addition increase the miscibility with phenolic resins, increasing the strength and hardness of the resulting adhesive. effective.

The photoreceptor of the present invention is preferably formed by adhering color separation members with plastic films, and for example, carboxyl polyacrylate according to the present invention is effective for laminating such plastic films. As the carboxyl polyacrylate, a copolymer of butyl acrylate or 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and acrylic acid or methacrylic acid is generally used. These polymers have excellent adhesiveness and adhesion but poor cohesiveness. In order to improve cohesiveness, crosslinking is preferably performed.

Furthermore, carboxyl EVA resin has better properties than the hot melt resin of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA resin). This carboxylation not only makes polyethylene useful as an adhesive polymer, but also improves the performance of EVA resins, which are widely used in hot melt applications. In this respect, carboxylated adhesives are suitable for the present invention.

Other examples of the adhesive of the present invention include a vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer copolymerized with 0.1 to 1% maleic anhydride, a copolymer of butadiene and methacrylic acid, a copolymer of isoprene and acrylic acid, and a copolymer of butadiene and methacrylic acid. copolymers and carboxyl elastomers (eg, polyethylene).

The content of carboxyl groups in the adhesive of the present invention affects the performance of the adhesive, but is usually 0.01 to 1.0 of the total amount of the adhesive.
It is best expressed as %, and 0.05 to 100g of adhesive.
It is practical to use 0.30 equivalent, and it is practical to use 0.01 to 0.25 equivalent per 100 parts of 7mer.

In this way, by providing a color separation layer on the photoreceptor via an adhesive, it is possible to adhere the photosensitive layer and filter layer relatively easily, and since polymer is used, it has high insulation properties. . In addition, since the polymer, solvent, and curing agent can be selected relatively freely, one can choose one that will not contaminate the photoreceptor or filter layer. Similarly, the emission spectrum of image exposure (main wavelength 4
50 nm, 550 nm, 650 nm, etc.) can be selected. When using a water-insoluble adhesive,
It is considered that the amount of electric charge ri;T trapped at the interface between the photosensitive layer and the adhesive layer is higher than that without the adhesive layer. In addition to serving to bond the photosensitive layer and filter layer, it also protects the photosensitive layer.

The thickness of the initial adhesive is preferably about 1 micron when bonding the photosensitive layer and the filter layer.

When the thickness of the adhesive layer increases, image blurring occurs in that area and image contrast decreases.

When manufacturing the photoreceptor of the present invention, it is desirable to employ a manufacturing method that can easily and efficiently manufacture a photoreceptor that has a filter layer that has excellent abrasion resistance and does not impair conductive properties. Such a manufacturing method includes a step of providing a filter layer on a transparent thin film provided on a support via an adhesive layer, a step of peeling off the thin film from the support, and a step of removing the thin film containing the filter layer from the photosensitive layer. This process includes the step of bonding the upper or lower side with the adhesive of the present invention.

As the support used in this method, a film-like web having appropriate hardness and flexibility, such as various plastic films such as polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, polystyrene, polyethylene, and triacetate, is preferably used. The thickness of these supports varies depending on the properties of the material, but is preferably about 100 μm.

An adhesive layer is provided between the support and the thin film for forming the filter layer to temporarily adhere them together, but the adhesive layer is not particularly limited, and various known adhesives can be used. Adhesives and adhesives can be used.

The thin film may be constructed using the same plastics as the support, and its thickness is not particularly limited, but it must be strong enough to be handled as an independent film when peeled from the support. It is desirable that the thickness be as thin as possible, and in practice it is preferably 5 to 100 μm thick. Moreover, when the thin film is provided on the photosensitive layer, 10
Although it is preferable to have a specific resistance value of 13 Ω-cm or more, there is no need to limit this when it is provided below the photosensitive layer.

The support and/or thin film can also be treated with a Teflon coat or the like in order to adjust the releasability from the adhesive layer. In other words, if the adhesiveness between the thin film and the adhesive layer is higher than the adhesiveness between the adhesive layer and the support, the adhesive layer will adhere to the thin film side and peel off when peeled off, and the strength relationship of the adhesive will be reversed. For example, the adhesive layer remains on the support side, resulting in a thin film without an adhesive layer. In the former case, the adhesive layer may be formed from the adhesive of the invention described above.

FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing a cross section of a support having a thin film as described above, in which 1 is the support, 2 is an adhesive layer, and 3b is a thin film.

Then, a filter layer (color separation layer or color separation member) is provided on the thin film surface provided on the support.

The filter layer can be formed by printing directly on the thin film using an ink containing a coloring agent having a desired color and a transparent resin (preferably a hardening resin that hardens with heat or light, etc.), or by printing directly on the thin film, or using a photoresist. Although a method of forming a filter layer with a desired pattern using the above technique is preferred, various other methods such as a method of thermally transferring a colorant can be used.

When forming the filter layer by printing or photoresist techniques, the ink may be post-treated with heat- or photocurable acrylic resins, silicone resins, polyamide resins, melamine resins, isocyanate resins, cinnamic acid resins, etc. as binder resins. It is preferably insoluble in solvents, and is formed by containing 70% by weight or more of a resin and less than 30% by weight, preferably 2% by weight or more of an organic dye or pigment soluble in an organic solvent as a coloring agent. It is preferable to do so. As such colorants, organic dyes and pigments such as copper phthalocyanine, methylene blue, cyanine blue, and Victoria blue are used for blue filters. Further, for green filters, organic dyes and pigments such as brilliant green, malachite green, and naphthol green are used, and for red filters, organic dyes and pigments such as tsuksin, phenosafranin, and rhodamine B1 naphthol red are used.

In addition, plasticizers, etc. to improve the processability of the filter layer,
In order to prevent the colorant from fading due to ultraviolet rays, an ultraviolet absorber such as Tinuvin (trade name, manufactured by Ciba Corporation) may be added.

To form a filter layer on the thin film, offset, A filter is provided using a printing technique such as gravure, screen, silk, or letterpress, or a photoresist technique, and a process of curing with light or heat is performed sequentially to form a linear or mosaic shape. By repeating this process, you can install the next filter section without damaging the previous filter section with solvent or mechanical force, and by repeating the operation for only the type of filter you need, you can create the required composite filter. It is possible to complete the filter layer.The thickness of the filter layer is usually preferably 1 to 10 μm from the viewpoint of transmittance characteristics.

The thickness of the thin film containing the composite filter layer obtained as described above is 5 to 100 μm, preferably 10 to 50 μm.

It is preferable to further provide a transparent insulating protective layer made of resin or the like on the obtained composite filter layer. By doing so, the filter layer can be protected from abrasion, scratches, dirt, ozone generated during charging, image exposure light, etc. during use. FIG. 3(A) is a cross-sectional view of the web consisting of the support 1, the adhesive layer 2, and the thin film 3b after printing the composite filter layer, in which 3a is the filter layer, R, G, Each day shows a red, green, and blue filter. In FIG. 3(B), a protective layer 3C is further applied on the filter layer. For the above reasons, it is preferable to use a photoreceptor having the structure (B).

The shape and arrangement of the color separation filters constituting the above-mentioned composite filter and the ratio of the number of individual microfilters constituting the composite filter are not particularly limited. When the photoreceptor is drum-shaped, it is possible to use one in which the lines are perpendicular to the rotational direction or parallel to the rotation direction.

However, normally, a mosaic structure as shown in Fig. 4 (B) and (C) is used, and the size of each filter is 30% as the color repetition width (β1, l2 in Fig. 4).
It is preferable to set it as 500 micrometers.

If the size of the filter is too small, it will be easily affected by other adjacent color parts, and if the width of one of the filters is equal to or smaller than the particle size of the toner particles, it may be difficult to obtain high image density. It is also difficult to create. Furthermore, if the size of the filter becomes too large, the resolution and color mixing properties of the image will decrease, resulting in deterioration of the image quality. In addition, Figures 3 (A) to (Japanese),
4(A) to 4(C) all show the case where so-called three-color separation filters of red, green, and blue are provided. In the figure, R indicates a red filter, G indicates a green filter, and day indicates a blue filter, but the coloring of the composite filter layer is not limited to these three colors, and a filter layer of any color can be formed as necessary. be able to.

The photoreceptor according to the present invention has a photoconductive layer provided on a conductive substrate, and the photosensitive layer is made of sulfur, selenium, amorphous silicon, or an alloy of these with tellurium, arsenic, antimony, etc. or inorganic photoconductors of oxides, iodides, sulfides, and selenides of metals such as zinc, aluminum, acetimone, bismuth, cadmium, and molybdenum, or in a binder resin. Formed by dispersion coating. Additionally, organic photoconductors such as vinylcarbazole, anthracenephthalocyanine, trinitrofluorenone, polyvinylcarbazole, polyvinylanthracene, polyvinylpyrene, polycyclic quinone dyes or pigments, disazo dyes or pigments are similarly vapor-deposited or resin-dispersed and then applied. It is formed by Such binder resins include polyethylene, polyester, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, polycarbonate, acrylic resin, silicone resin, fluororesin,
Examples include insulating and translucent resins such as epoxy resins. Furthermore, a functionally separated photoconductor having a charge generation layer and a charge transfer layer is also used.

The conductive substrate includes metals such as aluminum, iron, nickel, copper, and stainless steel, alloys thereof, or thin layers of these metals provided on a polyester terephthalate film, etc. by laminating or vapor deposition. Various known substrates commonly used in electrophotographic photoreceptors can be used. The shape of the photoreceptor is not particularly limited (it may be formed into a drum, an endless belt, a sheet, or any other appropriate shape or structure as required).

The thin film 3b having the filter layer 3a is peeled off from the support 1 and adhered to the surface of the photoreceptor, or the thin film 3b is peeled off after adhering to the surface of the photoreceptor. Alternatively, the back side of the thin film (ie, the adhesive layer side before peeling) may be adhered to the surface of the photoreceptor.

As for the adhesion method, if the adhesive layer remains on the support side when it is peeled off, the adhesive of the present invention described above is coated or sprayed on the photoreceptor surface or the thin film side to uniformly adhere it to the thin film. All you have to do is press the required surface of the In addition, if the adhesive layer is to be attached to the thin film side and peeled off during peeling, the adhesive layer is formed in advance with the adhesive of the present invention described above, and the adhesive layer surface of the peeled thin film is directly applied to the surface of the photoreceptor. It can be attached directly to the If you want to attach the thin film to the photoreceptor surface with the adhesive layer still attached, with the filter layer side facing outward, apply the adhesive to the photoreceptor surface or the filter layer side of the thin film, and then affix the filter layer side of the thin film to the photoreceptor surface. , the adhesive layer adhering to the surface may be removed using a solvent or the like.

As the adhesive for attaching the thin film to the photoreceptor, the same adhesive as used for the support and the adhesive layer provided on the thin film can be used. When attaching a thin film to a photoreceptor, adhesion can be improved by applying heat or pressure.

FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a cross section of the photoreceptor 4° prepared as described above, in which a photoreceptor N12 is provided on a conductive member 11, and the desired photoreceptor N12 prepared by the method described above is placed on top of the photoreceptor N12. fine color separation filter (in the case of the figure, red (R), green (G)
), blue (Japanese) color separation filters) and a layer 3 consisting of a thin film 3b are bonded together with the adhesive 2 of the present invention described above. Reference numeral 13 denotes the above-mentioned adhesive layer of the present invention that adheres the thin film 3b having the filter layer 3a and the surface of the photoreceptor. Figure 1 (A) shows an example in which the 3' film 3b side is adhered to the photoreceptor surface, and Figure 1 (B) shows an example in which an insulating protective layer 3c is previously provided on the filter layer, but the thin film 3b side is adhered to the photoreceptor surface. For example, FIG. 1(C) is an example in which the filter layer side of a layer consisting of a filter layer 3a and a thin film 3b is adhered to the photoreceptor surface.
Figure (D) shows an example of a photoconductor in which a protective layer 3c is previously provided on a filter layer 3a, and the protective layer 3C side is adhered to the photoconductor surface.

The above conductive member 11 is made of aluminum, iron, nickel,
It may be made of metal such as copper, stainless steel, or an alloy thereof, and may have an appropriate shape and structure as necessary, such as a cylindrical shape or an endless belt shape.

In the above, the configuration in which the protective layer 3c or thin film 3b is present on the surface (FIGS. 1(B), (C), and (D)) is desirable in terms of durability and printing durability. The photoreceptor shown in FIG. 1C is relatively advantageous because the filter layer 3a is present on the photosensitive layer 12 side, so there is no image blurring due to light scattering.

Furthermore, the adhesive of the present invention can be adhered onto the photosensitive layer 12 with the adhesive applied to the thin film 3b or the filter layer 3a, but in this case, by reducing the heat capacity of the thin film 3b and the filter layer 3a, Even if the temperature of the adhesive used is quite high, the temperature of the photosensitive layer does not rise very much when it is bonded to the photosensitive layer. Therefore, it is possible to effectively prevent the adverse effects (for example, crystallization of selenium-based materials) on the photosensitive layer 12 due to the temperature during melting.

The present invention can also be applied to photoreceptors in which a filter layer is provided below the photosensitive layer. The image forming method using this photoreceptor is described in Japanese Patent Application No. 59-199547, and uses a photoreceptor having an insulating layer, a photosensitive layer, and a transparent conductive member, and is charged with secondary and secondary charging. It is characterized in that image exposure and full-surface exposure with specific light are performed from the filter side on the back side. Figure 1 (E)
and (F) are examples of this type of photoreceptor, and in FIG. 1(E), the thin film side of the layer consisting of the thin film 3b and the filter layer 3a is adhered to the back surface of the transparent conductive member 11 with the adhesive 2 of the present invention. In FIG. 1(F), the filter layer side is adhered to the surface of the transparent conductive member 11 (15 is an insulating layer). in this case,
As the transparent conductive member 11, one in which a conductive film such as tin oxide is formed on a film by vapor deposition or sputtering is preferably used.

FIG. 5 shows a thin film 3 with a filter layer 3a as described above.
An advantageous method is shown in which the adhesive 2 of the present invention is coated on the photosensitive layer 12 side when adhering the adhesive 2 on the photosensitive layer 12 (for example, when manufacturing the photoreceptor shown in FIG. 1(C)). has been done.

That is, as shown in FIG. 5(A), the photosensitive layer 12 is first formed on the conductive member 11, and then the adhesive layer 2 of the present invention is uniformly coated on the release film 16 using a roll coater. It is superimposed on the photosensitive layer 12 as shown by arrow 17. Then, as shown in FIG. 5 (Sunday), the adhesive layer 2 is pressed at a sufficient temperature to be completely integrated. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 5(C), the release film 16 is peeled off and the adhesive layer 2 of the present invention is transferred onto the photosensitive layer 12. After that, the filter layer 3a is stacked as described above, and the photosensitive layer 1
Glue to 2.

In the method shown in FIG. 5, the adhesive 2 is directly applied to the photosensitive layer 12.
Rather than being applied onto the releasable substrate 16, it is first applied to the releasable substrate 16 and then transferred onto the photosensitive layer 12, so the application to the releasable substrate can be performed using a roll coater, an extrusion coater, etc. Can be applied easily and uniformly with good reproducibility. In this way, the adhesive is applied onto the releasable substrate, and while the temperature is sufficiently high and the adhesive has good adhesive strength, it is stacked on the photosensitive layer 12 and pressed, and then punched according to its shape. A photoreceptor can be manufactured by

At that time, better bonding strength can be obtained by heating the adhesive layer to some extent by irradiating the adhesive layer with a lamp or the like. Furthermore, this bonding method prevents the photosensitive layer from being damaged or causing poor conveyance. Furthermore, since the heat capacity of the adhesive and the releasable substrate can be made sufficiently small, the temperature of the photosensitive layer 12 during transfer does not rise much even if the temperature of the adhesive is quite high, and the next filter layer 3a can be adhered as it is. Therefore, thermal damage to the photosensitive layer 12 is reduced.

FIG. 6 shows a composite filter having the structure shown in FIG. 1(C) which is laminated onto the photoreceptor surface of the photoreceptor coated with adhesive 2 while peeling off the thin film having the filter layer from the laminated web. A photoreceptor 1 having the following properties was obtained. In FIG. 6, 31 is an unwinding section for the laminated web, 32 is a winding section for winding up the support after the thin film has been peeled off, 33 is an unwinding section for the film photoreceptor, and 34 is a winding section for the completed photoreceptor. Department. 35 is a bat containing adhesive 2,
The adhesive 2 is applied to the surface of the photoreceptor as it is being unwound by an application roller 37. The amount of adhesive applied is Doctor 3
8. The filter layer surface of the laminated web is pressed onto the surface of the photoreceptor coated with adhesive by a laminating roller 39, and the thin film having the filter layer is peeled off from the laminated web and adhered to the surface of the photoreceptor, resulting in a completed filter-like photoreceptor. is wound up by the winding section 34.

The support with the adhesive layer from which the thin film has been peeled off is wound up by the winding section 32 .

In the apparatus shown in FIG. 7, the thin film having the filter layer is peeled off from the laminated web, cut into an appropriate size by a roller cutter 36, and then sent to a photoreceptor drum. The photosensitive drum 40 has the adhesive 2 attached thereto in advance by dipping, coating, or the like.

It is heated by an external heating device to melt the adhesive and give it adhesive properties. The laminated web may be heated by an external heating device, or both the photoreceptor drum and the laminated web may be heated. Further, a heating mechanism may be provided in the laminated web unwinding section 31 and the support section of the photoreceptor drum 40 to heat one or both. The thin film having the cut filter layer moves there and adheres to the photoreceptor drum.

The support with the adhesive layer from which the thin film has been peeled off is wound up into a support winding section.

The obtained photoreceptor 40 has the structure shown in FIG. 1(C).

In the above, whether a sheet-like photoreceptor with a color separation member attached is stretched on the drum or a color separation member is stretched on the photoreceptor drum, the sheet-like photoreceptor and the color separation member are stretched on the drum. By arranging the bonded parts of both the photoconductor and the photoreceptor at an angle to the direction of movement of the photoreceptor, the pressure against the cleaning blade is reduced, which improves the cleaning performance, and also improves the separation of the photoconductor from the bonding part and the color separation member. Peeling can also be prevented.

Next, a process for forming a multicolor image using the photoreceptor according to the present invention will be described. First, the entire surface is subjected to primary charging, secondary charging, and simultaneous image exposure to form a primary latent image corresponding to the color separation image density on the photosensitive layer below each filter.

Next, by exposing the entire surface to specific light, only the photosensitive layer below the filter through which this specific light has passed is formed with a secondary latent image having a strength or weakness of surface potential corresponding to the intensity of the second layer image, that is, a potential pattern. form. This secondary latent image is developed with toner having a complementary color to that of the filter. Thereafter, in order to prevent color mixing with the toner image on the photoconductor, recharging is performed to smooth the surface potential, full exposure of specific light is performed to form a potential pattern in the next separation filter section, and the relationship between the filter and complementary colors is determined. A multicolor image is formed on the photoreceptor by repeating the toner development process. This multicolor image is superimposed and transferred onto the transfer material in only one transfer.

Next, the process of forming a multicolor image using the photoreceptor of the present invention will be explained using a specific example. Figures 8 [1] to [8] schematically show the image forming process in a portion of a photoreceptor using an n-type semiconductor such as cadmium sulfide as a photosensitive layer. 11 and 12 in the figure are the same as in Figure 1 (respectively, they are a conductive member and a photosensitive layer,
3 is the high-resistance three-color (Sun, G, R) composite filter 3.
a and a thin film 3b (and a protective layer in some cases), but to simplify the diagram, only the filter layer is shown.
Other layers are omitted. The adhesive layer 2 of the present invention is also not shown. Further, the graphs at the bottom of each figure in FIG. 8 show the potentials on the surface of each part of the photoreceptor.

First, as shown in FIG. 8 [1], a positive corona discharge is applied to the entire surface by the charger 4. As a result, a positive charge is generated on the surface of the layer 3 containing the composite filter, and a corresponding negative charge is induced on the interface between the photosensitive layer 12 and the layer 3 containing the filter, resulting in the state shown in FIG. 8 [1]. becomes.

Next, as shown in FIG. 8 [2], alternating current or negative discharge is applied by the charger 5 equipped with an exposure slit to erase the charge on the surface of the composite filter 3 while exposing the image 1 from the multicolor original. give In this example, image formation is performed by performing multicolor image exposure of red, green, and blue; however, for ease of understanding, the image formation process will be described using an original having only a red image as an example.

Figure 8 [2] shows image exposure from the red image (arrow)
Indicates the condition of the part that has been applied. Red glow.

passes through the red color separation filter section 3R of layer 3 and makes the underlying photosensitive layer 12 conductive, so that most of the positive charges on layer 3 are erased and the light induced in photosensitive layer 12 is The negative charges are also erased, and the surface potential becomes close to zero potential.

On the other hand, the green and blue separation filter parts 3G do not transmit the red light L1 for 3 days, so some of the positive charges on the layer 3 are erased, but the negative charges in the photosensitive layer 12 remain as they are. However, charges corresponding to the partially erased positive charges are induced in the conductive member 11. In such a charge arrangement, the surface potentials on the green and blue separation filter sections 3G and 3B are close to zero potential. However, as the scorotron charger of the charger 5, the polarity may be reversed by controlling the grid voltage to provide a uniform surface potential of, for example, -200V. Therefore, although the composite filter contains a charge pattern as a primary latent image, a toner image cannot be formed because no surface potential difference occurs.

Next, as shown in FIG. 8 [3], the entire surface is exposed to specific light that produces a potential pattern in only one type of the decomposition filter of the composite filter 3, for example, blue light obtained by the light source 6 and the blue filter FIl.

In this case, part of the negative charges on the photosensitive layer 12 at the bottom of the decomposition filter 3B that transmits the blue light and the positive charges on the conductive member 1 are neutralized, and the decomposition occurs as shown in FIG. 8 [3]. A negative charge remains between the layer 3 and the photosensitive layer 12 corresponding to the portion of the filter 3B, giving a positive surface potential on the composite filter 3.

Cholera As shown in FIG. 8 [4], a partial yellow toner image of 3 days on the separation filter is formed by developing with the developing device 7 carrying negative yellow toner T. . In the area of the separation filter 3B where this yellow toner image was formed, the surface potential remains unsaturated by the toner, so as shown in the lower graph, a relatively high surface potential remains. , there is still room for another toner to adhere during the next step of development.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 8 [5], the surface of the layer 3 is recharged with alternating current or negative direct current, preferably negative corona discharge by a scorotron charger 8, and the graph shown in the lower part of FIG. 8 [5] is applied. The surface potential is returned to a flat state as shown in
It is preferable to make the surface potential equal to the surface potential in FIG. 8 [2].

Next, as shown in FIG. 8 [6], by exposing the entire surface to green light (arrowed) obtained by the light source 9 and the green filter F, the negative charges in the photosensitive layer 12 and the conductivity are reduced. The positive charges of the member 11 are neutralized, and a high surface potential shown in the lower graph is obtained in the 3G region of the layer 3.

By developing this with a developing device 9 carrying magenta toner T, as shown in FIG. 8 [7], a magenta toner image is obtained in the 3G area.

Next, after recharging (Fig. 8 [8]), the entire surface is exposed to red light obtained by red filter F, but at this time no potential pattern is generated and development with cyan toner T is not performed. do not have. Thus, when the yellow toner image and magenta toner image are transferred and fixed onto the transfer material, a red image in which yellow and magenta are superimposed is visually observed on the transfer material.

The above explanation is based on the case where the original is a red image, but the three-color separation method and the subtractive color mixture method can also be used when the original is a white, green, blue, yellow, magenta, cyan, or black image. Color reproduction is performed by combining primary color toners. FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating the process of color reproduction when such originals of each color are used. In FIG. 9, the horizontal axis represents the color tone of the original, and the vertical axis represents the process at each stage leading to toner image formation when each color original is used.

Symbols r', . . .: J represents the formation of a primary latent image, symbol "○" represents the formation of a secondary latent image, and symbol "O" represents the process of each stage of toner image formation. Further, the symbol "↓" indicates that the state in the upper column is maintained as it is, and the blank column indicates a portion where latent image formation is not performed.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view of essential parts of a multicolor image forming apparatus for copying multicolor images using the photoreceptor 40 described above. 4
0, the film-like photoreceptor 12 is placed on a metal drum 11.
4 is a positive direct current primary charger, 5 is a negative direct current corona discharge scorotron charger having a slit for image exposure, and 6 is a blue filter F.
3 is a light source that emits blue light L8, and 7 is a developing device containing yellow toner. 8 is a scorotron charger for negative DC corona discharge, and 9 is a green filter F.

, a light source that emits green light LG, 10 a developer containing magenta toner, 14 a scorotron charger for negative DC corona discharge, 18 red filters F and I,
A light source emits red light, and 1S is a developing device containing cyan toner. P is a transfer material, 51 is a transfer electrode, 52
53 is a separation electrode, 53 is a static eliminator for removing residual charge that removes static electricity while exposing the electrode to white light or infrared light, and 54 is a cleaning blade for removing residual toner.

First, the photoreceptor 40 configured as described above is uniformly positively charged by the charger 4, and then negatively charged by the charger 5, and at the same time, the image exposure from the three primary color originals of blue, green, and red is scanned and exposed. do. On the photoreceptor 40, a color-separated primary latent image corresponding to the intensity of image exposure from the original is formed for each color separation filter of the composite filter. Next, the entire surface is exposed by a white or blue light source 6 equipped with a blue filter F,
An electrostatic charge image corresponding to the second-order latent image is formed in the area of the blue separation filter, and this is developed into yellow by a yellow developer 7.

Next, after erasing the electrostatic charge image remaining in the region of the blue separation filter by a negative scorotron charger 8, the entire surface is exposed Lc by a white or green light source 9 equipped with a green filter F6, and a magenta developer 10 Develop magenta.

Next, after erasing the remaining electrostatic image using the negative scorotron charger 14, the entire surface is exposed to light using a white or red light source 1B equipped with a red filter F1.
Develop cyan in Step 9. -Thus, on the photoreceptor,
A multicolor toner image corresponding to the original is formed, transferred to the transfer material P fed at the same timing by the action of the transfer electrode 51, and separated by the action of the separation electrode 52, and then transferred by the fixing device (not shown). It will be established.

On the other hand, after the photoreceptor 40 has been transferred, the static electricity is removed by a static eliminator 53, and then residual toner is cleaned by a cleaning blade 54, and the photoreceptor 40 is prepared for the next image formation.

In the above description, an n-type semiconductor is used as the photoreceptor, but a photoreceptor using a p-type semiconductor such as selenium may also be used. In this case, the sign of the charge is simply reversed. Basically there is no difference.

Of course, if the photoreceptor can be used as an n-type or a p-type, either type may be used.

As is clear from the above description, the photoreceptor according to the present invention is a photoreceptor in which an insulating composite filter is provided on the photoreceptor layer. After a primary latent image is formed by exposure, the entire surface is exposed using the three-color separation method to form a secondary latent image for each color of the color separation filters that make up the composite filter, and then developed with toner of the corresponding color. , and the steps of recharging are repeated to obtain a multicolor image.

As mentioned above, a known method is used that utilizes charges induced in the photosensitive layer, but when forming a secondary latent image by the second and subsequent full-surface exposures, the problem caused by the residual latent image from the first exposure is eliminated. Therefore, recharging is required. This recharging is carried out by an alternating current or a direct current discharge of opposite polarity to the remaining electrostatic image, preferably by a direct current corona discharge of opposite polarity to the remaining electrostatic image by a scorotron charger. Note that "charging" as used in the above method includes cases where the surface potential obtained when charging becomes 0 or the surface charge disappears.

The present invention also provides -order charging, secondary charging with a polarity substantially opposite to the -order charge, recharging for smoothing the potential pattern after image exposure, full-surface exposure with specific light, and specific color toner. It can also be applied to an image forming method in which development is repeated.

The above development is preferably carried out by a magnetic brush method, and the developer is either a so-called one-component developer using non-magnetic toner or magnetic toner, or a so-called two-component developer containing a mixture of toner and a magnetic carrier such as iron powder. Can also be used with For development, a method of direct rubbing with a magnetic brush may be used, but in order to avoid damage to the formed toner image, especially after the second development, a developing method in which the developer layer does not come into contact with the photoreceptor surface is recommended. A developing method in which the gap between the developing sleeve and the photoreceptor is set larger than the thickness of the developer layer on the sleeve (provided there is no potential difference between the two),
For example, U.S. Patent No. 3,893.418, JP-A-5
Publication No. 5-18656, Japanese Patent Application No. 58-57446, Japanese Patent Application No. 58-238295, Japanese Patent Application No. 58-238
It is particularly preferred to use a method such as that described in each specification of No. 296. This method uses a one-component developer consisting of only non-magnetic toner and a two-component developer containing non-magnetic toner, which can be colored freely. It is preferable to carry out development without bringing the agent layer into contact with each other. However, a developer using magnetic toner may be used.

Color toners used for development usually consist of known binding resins used in toners, various chromatic colors such as organic and inorganic pigments and dyes, and various additives such as charge control agents.
Electrostatic image developing toners made by known techniques can be used. Examples of carriers include iron powder and ferrite powder, which are usually used for electrostatic images, and more preferably high-resistance magnetic carriers such as iron powder or ferrite coated with resin, or magnetic materials dispersed in resin. , various known carriers can be used.

In addition, the applicant previously filed the patent application No. 58-2496.
69 and No. 5B-240066 may be used.

All of the above explanations have been made regarding embodiments of color copying machines that use so-called three-color separation filters and three primary color toners, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and various multi-color image recording Can be widely used in devices, color photo printers, etc.

It goes without saying that the combination of the color of the separation filter and the color of the toner corresponding thereto can be arbitrarily selected depending on the purpose.

When a multicolor original is copied using this apparatus, a beautiful copy without image shift or color blurring can be obtained.

Furthermore, in the above explanation, the spectral characteristics of light for full-surface exposure can be obtained using blue (B), green (G), and red (R) filters, but they can also be obtained by means other than filters. Moreover, its spectral characteristics are not limited to B, G, and R. In short, any spectral characteristic is sufficient as long as it forms a potential pattern only in a specific filter section corresponding to the specific light on the photoconductor by exposing the entire surface to the specific light. Therefore, the "multiple types of filters" mentioned above include the color separation filter of the car model (a filter that transmits light only in a specific wavelength range) and the part without a filter (which may be transparent resin or the atmosphere).
The photoreceptor may have a layer consisting of the following. The portion without this filter is regarded as a transparent filter, and is included in the above-mentioned "multiple types of filters".

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically explained using Examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereby.

Ketjenblack (conductive carbon) and vinyl chloride on large rattan spots
A 2.3 μm thick conductive layer made of a maleic acid copolymer, a 21.5 μm thick charge transport layer (CTL) made of the following compound 1, and a 1 μm thick charge ordering layer made of the following compound 2. (CGL) and a photoreceptor having the structure shown in FIG. 1 (C) and FIG. 4 (B) using the apparatus shown in FIG. An image carrier was prepared by bonding a 2 μm color separation filter on a 15 μm thick polyester film.

CzHs In this example, carboxylated Oritank L (
Orion Kasei-ke) was used. In this case, the material passed through the laminating roller pair and wound onto the photoreceptor winding section was placed in a heating bath and cured at 170.degree. C. for 5 minutes.

Next, this image carrier was incorporated into an image forming apparatus shown in FIG. 12, and an image was formed. In FIG. 12, the image carrier 40 was charged with a DC scorotron corona discharger 4 so that the surface potential of the image carrier 40 was -2000 V while uniformly exposing the image carrier 40 with a primary charger 40 lamp.

In this case, the peripheral speed of the image carrier was 80 mm/sec.

Next, while image exposure was being performed, the image carrier 40 was charged with a secondary charger 5 consisting of a scorotron corona discharger having an alternating current component so that the surface potential of the image carrier 40 was +50. During image exposure, infrared and ultraviolet light was cut off using a filter in advance.

Next, by performing uniform exposure through a blue filter, the white background part of the original paper is +50V and the black background part of the original paper is -280V.
An electrostatic image with a contrast of approximately 330 cm was formed.

This potential contrast was about 1/3 of that when a transparent insulating layer was used. This electrostatic image was developed using a developing device 7.

In the developing device 7, 70-t% magnetite was dispersed in the resin, the average particle size was 25 μm, and the magnetization was 3 Qemu/g.
, a carrier having a resistivity of 1014 Ω-C11 or more; and a positively charging non-magnetic toner T having an average particle size of 10 μm, which is made by adding 10 parts by weight of a benzidine derivative as a yellow pigment and other charge control agents to a styrene-acrylic resin. Developer. , the ratio of toner to developer is 20%4t%
It was used under the following conditions. Further, the outer diameter of the developing sleeve 47 of the developing device 7 shown in FIG. 13 is 30 mm, and the arrow B
The rotation speed in the direction is 1100 rp, the magnetic flux density of the N- and S magnetic poles of the magnet body 43 rotating in the direction of the arrow is 900 Gauss,
The rotational speed was 11,000 rpm, the thickness of the developer layer in the developing area was 0.3 m+, the gap between the developing sleeve 47 and the image carrier 40 was 0.5 mm, and the developing sleeve 47 was supplied with a DC voltage of -80 V and 2.0 kllz. Superimposed voltage of 100OV AC voltage (the amplitude of the old law wave is ff x 1000V)
It depends on the non-contact development conditions of applying .

Incidentally, while the electrostatic image was being developed in the developing device 7, the other similarly configured developing devices 10 and 19 in FIG. 12 were kept in a non-developing state. It connects the developing sleeve to the power source 45.
This is achieved by separating the developing sleeve from the 46 and leaving it in a floating state, or by grounding it, or by actively applying a DC bias voltage of the same polarity as the electrostatic image (that is, the opposite polarity to the toner charging) to the developing sleeve. ,
It is preferable to apply a DC bias voltage. Further, the driving of the developing device was stopped during non-developing time. Since the developing devices 10 and 19 are also designed to perform development under the same non-contact developing conditions as the developing device 7, the developer layer on the developing sleeve does not need to be removed. This developing device 1o uses a toner in the developing device 7 whose composition is changed to a toner containing polytungstophosphoric acid as a magenta pigment instead of a yellow pigment, and the developing device 1B uses the same toner. A developer was used whose composition was changed to a toner containing a copper phthalocyanine derivative as a cyan pigment. Of course, color toners based on other pigments or dyes can be used, and the order of developing colors can be appropriately determined so as to obtain clear color images. In particular, the order of developing colors may be related to the sharpness of the color image and the potential contrast that can be obtained, and therefore needs to be carefully determined.

The surface of the image carrier 40 developed by the developer 7 was recharged to a surface potential of +110 V by a scorotron corona charger, and then uniformly exposed to light through a green filter.

The potential of the electrostatic image obtained by this is +75V for the white background.
In contrast, the black area was -230cm. This electrostatic image
DC component -10V, AC component 2.0K to the developing sleeve
Developing was performed in developer 10 under the same conditions as in developer 7 except that a voltage of 100 OV and Hz was applied.

Similarly, the scorotron charger increases the surface potential to +130
After being recharged to V, uniform exposure was performed through a left filter. As a result, an electrostatic image of -180V on the black background part is formed with respect to +80V on the white background part, and this electrostatic image is applied to the developing sleeve with a DC component of +40V and an AC component of 2.0kllz, 1
Developing was carried out in the developing unit 19 under the same conditions as in the developing unit 7 except that a voltage of 00 OV was applied.

When this third development is performed and a three-color image is formed on the image carrier 40, the corona discharger 20 and the pre-transfer lamp are activated, thereby transferring the color image. The image was easily transferred onto copy paper P using a transfer device 51, separated using a separator 52, and fixed using a heat roller fixer 21.

The image carrier 40 to which the color image has been transferred is charged with a static eliminator while being irradiated with white light, residual toner is removed from the surface by the cleaning blade 54 of the cleaning device 22, and the surface on which the color image has been formed is removed by the cleaning device. 22, one cycle of color image recording was completely completed.

The image forming conditions in Example 1 are summarized in Table 1 below.

Hereinafter, as the image carrier 40, a 60 μm thick A 323 @ 3 photosensitive layer exhibiting the spectral characteristics as shown in FIG. 14 and the structure shown in FIG. A color separation filter having a thickness of 2 μm and having the spectral characteristics shown in FIG. 11 was bonded to a polyester film having a thickness of 15 μm. The adhesive used was Example 1.
It was the same. Image formation similar to Example 1 is shown in the table below.
The test was carried out under the conditions shown in 2.

The drum diameter of the photoreceptor used was 20 mm, and the rotational linear speed was 1.
It was 80 nuw/sec.

In this example, a thin film and a sheet-like photoreceptor were attached, but since the adhesive hardens after being left at room temperature for about 120 seconds, it hardens while the photoreceptor is wound around the photoreceptor winding section.
Obtained sufficient adhesive strength.

In Example 1.2, a thin film having a filter layer is attached to a sheet-like photoreceptor, but in this Example 3, a release treatment is applied to the thin film side, and A laminated web was prepared by printing a composite filter layer in the same manner as described above on a web whose release process was stopped so that the adhesive remained on the support side upon peeling.

Using the apparatus shown in FIG. 7, the thin film having the filter layer was peeled from the laminated web, cut into a suitable size, and then sent to a photoreceptor drum. An adhesive was applied to the photoreceptor drum in advance by dipping. In this example, the adhesive was heated by an external heating device to melt the adhesive and make it sticky. Alternatively, a heating mechanism may be provided in the laminated web unwinding part and the support part of the photoreceptor drum to heat one or both of them.

). There, the thin film with the cut filter layer was moved and adhered to the photoreceptor drum.

The support from which the thin film had peeled off and the adhesive layer was attached was wound up to a support winding section.

The obtained photoreceptor has the structure shown in FIG. 1(C). As shown in Figure 1 (C), there is an adhesive method in which a filter layer is installed on the photoreceptor surface side, and a thin film containing a filter layer is installed in Figure 1 (C).
) (Fig. 1 (A): separating the photoreceptor surface and the filter layer). However, it is preferable to bond as shown in FIG. 1(C). The reason for this is that it is resistant to wear and scratches during use, and
It has the advantage that the filter layer is not exposed to ozone. If there is a risk of contamination of the photoreceptor due to the influence of the adhesive,
The configuration shown in FIG. 1(B) is desirable.

In this example, when attaching the thin film to the photoreceptor drum, the thin film must be applied instantly when adhesive is applied to the photoreceptor drum, but the photoreceptor drum to which the thin film is attached is also left to stand for about 120 seconds. The adhesive then hardened.

Comparison ■ Although the adhesives used in Examples 1 to 3 are non-water soluble, in this comparative example, a water soluble adhesive (e.g. casein) was used to adhere the filter and the filter was similarly subjected to image formation. did.

As a result, the images produced by the photoreceptor produced using the adhesive according to the example were good, whereas when produced using a water-soluble adhesive, image fading occurred depending on the type of adhesive. There were a variety of cases, including some with no image contrast, and some with no toner adhesion and no image formation. None of the photoreceptors in which an adhesive layer of a water-soluble type adhesive was interposed could produce images superior to those obtained by the photoreceptor using the adhesive according to the example.

With water-soluble adhesives, since the adhesive itself has low resistance, the charges may not be retained in the formed primary latent image and may flow to another filter section, or may be injected from the substrate during primary charging. It is thought that the above phenomenon occurs because charges of opposite polarity to the primary charges are not trapped.

Therefore, it is necessary to use a high resistance adhesive of the type according to the invention to bond the photosensitive layer and the filter layer.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings illustrate and explain the present invention, and FIGS. 1(A), (B), (C), CD), (E), and (F) are partial cross-sectional views of various photoreceptors; Fig. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of a thin film provided on a support; Fig. 3 (A) and (B) are cross-sectional views of a laminate having a composite filter; Fig. 4 (A>, (B)) and (C) are partial plan views showing various patterns of the filter; Figures 5 (A), (Japanese), and (C) are partial cross-sectional views of the main stages showing other bonding methods; Figure 7 is a schematic diagram showing the process of adhering the filter layer to the photoreceptor, Figure 8 [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6]
], [7] and [8] are diagrams illustrating the image formation process from a red original, and FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating the image formation process from various colored originals. Figures 10 and 12 are cross-sectional views of the multicolor image forming apparatus, Figure 11 is a spectrum diagram showing the spectral characteristics of the filter, Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view of the developing device, and Figure 14 shows the photosensitivity of the photosensitive layer. This is a graph showing. In addition, in the reference numerals shown in the drawings, 1...-----------Support 2.13--------Adhesive layer 3a---
・・・・−・−Filter layer 3b=・−・−・−Thin film 3 cm・−・−・−−−−−m−Protective layer 11−・−・−・−・−Conductive member 12・−1 ---------- Photosensitive layer. Agent Patent Attorney Hiroshi Aisaka Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 1 Figure 40 (Shikobo) Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 11 Figure 12 Book Book?廼(self-motivated) Procedural summary dated October 1, 1986 ■, Indication of the case, 1988 Patent Application No. 1103112, Name of the invention Photoreceptor 3, Person making the amendment Relationship to the case Patent applicant residence Address: 1-26-2 Nishi-Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Name:
(127) Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd. 4, Agent address: 2-4-11 Shibasaki-cho, Tachikawa-shi, Tokyo FINIE
Building 6? The number of inventions increases due to fi positive - ゛,\':) 0. Nik (I), on page 15, line 19 of the specification box, ``acetimone'' is changed to ``
Antimony,” I am corrected. (2), p. 46, line 3, rAs2se3J is
Corrected to szSe3J. -That's all-

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A photoreceptor in which a layer having a color separation function is adhered to the upper side and/or the lower side of the photosensitive layer via a carboxylated adhesive.