JPS62260308A - Method and apparatus for driving multi-electromagnet apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a method for driving a multi-electromagnet arrangement consisting of at least one double magnet and a mover movable between the two electromagnets, and to the implementation of this method. It relates to a device for.

Conventional technology Interrogation magazine "Hydraulics and thrust pressure 11J" (1967).

11.425-427 Beso describes DC single-stroke and double-stroke control magnets. The electromagnet is controlled by pulsed voltage. The build-up of the mechanical adjustment force is initiated during the application and connection process of the electric pulse.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention In the known method for fully controlling electromagnets,
The disadvantage is that a very short force rise time cannot be obtained.

Means for Solving the Problems According to the first means of the method of the present invention which solves the above-mentioned problems, (a) first, in the first step, the
All of the L magnets are activated and connected at the same time, and (b) after a predetermined time, one electromagnet, L, and the other electromagnet, where the mover is present in the air gap, are completely cut off, and the mover is connected to the other electromagnet. (c) Then, after another predetermined period of time, the electromagnet of the other electromagnet, in which the movable element is presently present in the air gap, is completely cut off. ing.

Operation and Effects The first method measure of the invention is directed to a double magnet arrangement with a freely movable armature.

According to the means of the first method of the present invention, an advantage was obtained in that the rise time of the magnetic force was very short.

Starting from a current-free state in which the armature rests against one of the electromagnets, the two electromagnets are first activated simultaneously. The position of the mover does not change.

After a predetermined time, the electromagnet, which together with the armature forms a small air gap, is switched off. During this breaking process, a strong magnetic force is created which acts on the armature. The mover is also attracted by an electromagnet to which it is operatively connected. When the holding force is no longer required, the other electromagnet is also cut off.

According to the second means of the method of the present invention which solves the above problems, (a) the mover of the first double magnet is placed in the air gap of the second electromagnet of the first double magnet; is located,
Starting from the armature position, in which the armature of the second double magnet is likewise located in the air gap of the second electromagnet of this second double magnet, the armature of the first double magnet Starting from the state in which the two electromagnets of the magnet and the first electromagnet of the second double magnet are disconnected and the second electromagnet of the second double magnet is operatively connected, the first At the stage of , the first 2
The two electromagnets of the heavy magnet are activated and connected at the same time, and (b) the first
After a predetermined period of time, the second electromagnet of the first double magnet and the second electromagnet of the second double magnet are all cut off at the same time, (
c) After a second predetermined time, the two electromagnets of the second 21 grinding stone are all simultaneously activated and connected; and after a third predetermined time, the first electromagnet of the first double magnet and the second The first electromagnet of the double magnet is cut off at the same time.

Effects and Effects The second method of the present invention targets two double magnet devices each acting on one side of two movable elements connected to each other. The two movers are reciprocated together. This second method of the present invention starts from the position of the mover described in (a) above.

The reciprocating movement of the armature is initiated by switching off the second electromagnet of each of the two dual magnet arrangements. 1st
The magnetic force of the first magnet, which is still operatively connected, of the double magnet arrangement acts on the outward movement. The two electromagnets of the second dual magnet arrangement are then operatively connected simultaneously. Then 2
The return movement is initiated by simultaneously interrupting the two first magnets of the two dual magnet devices.

In a two multi-magnet system, the force acting on the outside is
It is deactivated by cutting off one or more electromagnets.

The two methods of the invention can be implemented with low technical outlay, are particularly simple, and allow short force build-up times. It is therefore particularly suitable for driving rapid adjustment elements, such as, for example, injection valves for internal combustion engines.

According to the device of the invention, which overcomes all of the above-mentioned problems, at least one electrically controllable switch is provided for fully activating and disconnecting the electromagnet. This electrically controllable switch is, for example, a transistor or a thyristor.

Operation and Effects By providing an electrically controllable switch and specifically controlling the switching phase, the disconnection process takes place significantly more quickly than the activation process.

The induced voltage occurring in the inductance of the electromagnet is fully exploited.

Embodiments Next, the method and apparatus of the present invention will be specifically explained with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a double magnet device 10 comprising a first electromagnet 11 and a second electromagnet 12. As shown in FIG. first electromagnet 1
The winding of the first electromagnet 12 is numbered 13, and the winding of the second electromagnet 12 is numbered 1.
4.

The magnetic force effects of these two electromagnets 11.12 each occur in one air gap 15.16. Between the air gaps 15.16, a freely movable armature 17 performs a reciprocating movement 18.19. The armature 17 is rigidly connected to an outwardly acting adjustment member 20.

In the upper part of FIG. 2, the electromagnet 11 of the double magnet assembly 10.
A graph showing the relationship between 12 magnetic forces and time is shown. The change in the magnetic force of the first electromagnet 11 is represented by the symbol 30,
The variations in the magnetic force of the second electromagnet 12 are respectively indicated by reference numeral 31. The rise time 32 of the magnetic force for these two electromagnets 11.12 is the same. After the first time 33 has elapsed, the second electromagnet 12 is cut off and the second time 33 has elapsed.
4, the first electromagnet 11 is cut off. The magnetic forces 30.31 of the two electromagnets 11.12 act on the mover 17 in opposite directions. Therefore, the first electromagnet 11
The magnetic force 30 of the second electromagnet 12 is shown as positive, and the magnetic force 31 of the second electromagnet 12 is shown as negative.

In the lower half of FIG. 2, a graph showing the entire relationship between the stroke of the mover 170 and time is shown.

The stroke change 35 is formed when the magnetic force 31 of the electromagnet 12 becomes zero. The rise time and fall time of the magnetic force are indicated by 33 and 37, respectively.

In the upper half of FIG. 6, a further graph of the magnetic force versus time for the two electromagnets 11, 12 of the double magnet arrangement 10 is shown.

This graph of the sixth factor differs from the graph shown in the upper half of FIG. 2 in the following points. That is, in the graph shown in the upper half of FIG. 6, when the first time 41 elapses, the first electromagnet 11 in contact with the mover 17 is cut off, and then when the second time 42 elapses, the first electromagnet 11 is cut off. , the second electromagnet 12 is cut off. The stroke change 35 of the mover 17 is shown in the lower half of FIG. 6 by a graph representing the relationship between stroke and time. The stroke change 35 takes place in the opposite direction to the stroke change shown in FIG. 2 and is therefore shown as a negative value.

As shown in FIG. 4, the 2×2 double magnet device 50 is
It has first and second double magnets 51.52. Furthermore, the first double magnet 51 has first and second IIr magnets 53 and 54'.

The windings of the first electromagnet 53 are designated 55 and the windings of the second electromagnet 54 are designated 56. 1st
The magnetic force of the first and second electromagnets 53 and 54 of the double magnet 51, -! ,, air gap 57.58 respectively
arise within. Between these air gaps 57,58 the armature 59 is freely movable. The windings of the first electromagnet 60 are designated 62 and the windings of the second electromagnet 61 are designated 63. The magnetic forces of the two electromagnets 60.61 of the second double magnet 52 are connected to the associated air Yarn 64.
It is formed for 65 yen.

Between these two air gaps 64,65, the mover 6
6 are freely movable. First double magnet 51
The movable element 5 and the movable element 66 of the second double magnet 51 are:
They are firmly connected to each other through the connecting members 67. The movable element device consisting of the movable element 59, the movable element 66, and the connecting member 67 performs a reciprocating motion that is transmitted to the outside by the adjusting member 70.

In the upper part of FIG. 5, a graph representing the relationship between the magnetic force and time of the two electromagnets 53, 54 of the first double magnet 51 is shown. The first electromagnet 5 of the first double magnet 51
The magnetic force 80 of the third magnet 54 and the magnetic force 81 of the second magnet 54 act on the common mover 59 in mutually opposite directions. These magnetic forces are therefore shown as positive and negative values.

The rise times 82 of the magnetic forces 80, 81 of the two electromagnets 53, 54 are the same.

After the first time 83 has elapsed, the second electromagnet 54 is cut off. At the same time, the second electromagnet 61 of the second double magnet 52 is also cut off.

In the center of FIG. 5, a graph showing the relationship between the magnetic force of the two electromagnets 60 and 61 of the second double magnet 52 and time is shown. The magnetic force of the first electromagnet 60 is indicated by reference numeral 84 and the magnetic force of the second electromagnet 61 is indicated by reference numeral 85, respectively. The force of these magnets is 84.8
5 act on the common movable element 66 in opposite directions, so they each have different characteristic curves.

When the second time period 86 has elapsed, two of the second double magnets 52
Two electromagnets 60, 61 are energized at the same time. When the sixth time 87 has elapsed, the first electromagnet 53 of the first double magnet 51 and the first electromagnet 60 of the second double magnet 52 are simultaneously cut off. All electromagnets 53, 54, 6
The magnetic force of 0.61 becomes zero at a fall time of 89.

At the bottom of Figure 5, there is a magnet! (Mover 59 and mover 66
, a connecting member 67 and an adjusting member 70 ) are shown as a graph representing the stroke versus time. Two double magnets 51.52 two second electromagnets 54.61 or 2
Whenever the two first electromagnets 53, 60 are switched off at the same time, a stroke change 88 takes place, which causes the adjustment member 7
0 is rotated to the outside and caused to reciprocate 68, 69.

In FIG. 6, a first embodiment of the electromagnet control circuit is shown. Two poles 100,1 of a current supply source, not shown
A series circuit consisting of an inductance 102 and a controllable switch 103 operated via a control line 104 is arranged between 01 and 01. controllable switch 10
A limiter/diode 105 is connected in parallel with 3.

FIG. 7 shows a second embodiment of the electromagnet control circuit. Between the two poles of the current supply (not shown), the series circuit shown in FIG. 6, consisting of an inductance 102 and a controllable switch 103, is arranged.

The method of the invention for driving a multiple electromagnetic device comprises:
The following description uses the double magnet shown in FIG.

The double magnet device 10 has a reciprocating motion 1 via the adjusting member 20.
Perform 8.19. This reciprocating movement 18,19 operates a rapid adjustment device, such as a fuel injection valve, for example. Particularly for accurate diesel injection systems, the rise and fall times of the magnetic force must be very short. The armature 17 , which is firmly connected to the adjustment member 20 , is initially located in the air gap 16 of the second electromagnet 12 .

The two electromagnets 11, 12 are disconnected.

Starting from this state, first the two electromagnets 11, 12 are activated simultaneously. After the rise time 32 has elapsed, the rise of the magnetic force ends. The two magnetic forces 30, 31 each act on the mover 17 in opposite directions, so that these two
The two magnetic forces 30, 31 have different characteristic curves as shown in FIG.

Once the first time period 33 has elapsed, the operating process begins. The second electromagnet 12 is cut off. The residual magnetic force 30 of the first electromagnet 11 moves the movable element 17 to the space 2 of the first electromagnet 11.
Pull it into the gap 15. In this position, the mover 17 is
It is held by the magnetic force 30 of the first electromagnet 11 until the first electromagnet 11 is also switched off after the expiration of a second time 34 . Due to the short cut-off time of the two electromagnets 11, 12, the rise time 36 of the force acting on the armature 17 is shortened, which in turn results in a rapid stroke change 35.
is formed. °The process up to this point is reciprocating motion 18.1
This corresponds to return movement 19 of 9.

The beginning of the forward movement 18 which then takes place is shown in the graph of FIG. First, the two electromagnets 11, 12 which have been disconnected are simultaneously activated and connected. first time 41
After , the first electromagnet 11 is cut off. The magnetic force 31 of the second electromagnet 12 causes the mover 17 to move towards the second electromagnet 1.
2 into the air gap 16, thereby causing a stroke change in the opposite direction. In this position, the armature 17 is held by the built-up force until the second electromagnet 12 is switched off after a second time 42 has elapsed.

The 2×2 double magnet arrangement 50 shown in FIG. 4 further reduces the rise and fall times of the magnetic force. Then the fourth
The reciprocating motion 68,69 of the device shown in the figure will be explained in detail using the graph shown in FIG.

The armature 59 of the first double magnet 51 is present in the air gap 58 of the second electromagnet 54 and the armature 66 of the second double magnet 52 is likewise located in the air gap 65 of the second electromagnet 61.
Start from a position that exists within. The two electromagnets 53 and 54 of the first double magnet 51 and the first of the second double magnet 52
The electromagnet 60 is cut off.

In the first stage, first the two electromagnets 53, 54 of the first double magnet 51 are connected. After the first time 83 has elapsed, the two second electromagnets 54, 61 are switched off. The remaining magnetic force 8 of the first electromagnet 53 of the first double magnet 51
0 is a mover device (mover 59, mover 63, connection member 6
7. Adjustment member 70) Fully pull. At this time, force formation takes place with a short rise time 89 of the magnetic force. This process initiates a stroke change 88 which corresponds to the return movement 69.

After a second time period 86 has elapsed, the two electromagnets 60, 61 of the second double magnet 52 are operatively connected simultaneously. Then the 6th
After time 87 has elapsed, the two first electromagnets 53, 60 are simultaneously cut off. Said mover device 59, 66, 67
．． 70 is attracted by the magnetic force 85 of the second electromagnet 61 of the second double magnet 52. The formation of the force for the initiated stroke change (magnetic force) 88 (outward movement 68) is
This is done with a short fall time 89. When the forward motion 68 is interrupted, a complete cycle of reciprocating motion 68,69 is interrupted.

As a next method step, the two electromagnets 53, 54 of the first double magnet 51 are again connected simultaneously.

The advantage obtained by using the switching off process of the electromagnets 53, 54, 60, 61 in certain electronic control devices to initiate the operating process is that
The advantage of this is that the time for the switching-off process of the electromagnet can be made shorter than the time for the switching-on process, without requiring additional construction costs.

Such a control circuit arrangement is shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. Electromagnet winding! 13, 14, 55.56, 62.6
3 is firmly connected to one pole 100 and, via a controllable switch 103, to another pole ILII of a current supply, not shown. switch 10
3 receives the closing command through the control groove 1104, the current starts to fall in the inductance 102. The current rise time depends primarily on the size of the inductance 102 and the inductance 102 and the controllable switch 10.
3, the internal resistance of the current supply source, and the working voltage. The inductance value and internal resistance value are given in advance. The working voltage, on the other hand, can be selected freely.

However, even in this case there are limitations if the energy supply has to come from a battery. This is especially
This is the case when automotive circuits are used.

If the controllable switch 103 receives a disconnection signal via the control line 104, a theoretically infinite induced voltage will occur at the opening coil connection without special countermeasures. This voltage is connected to a control circuit connected in parallel to the switch 103.
is limited to a permissible value by diode 105.

The limiting voltage is freely selected within predetermined limits given by the voltage resistance of the elements used. The highest possible limit voltage leads to a rapid current drop in the inductance 102. However, a rapid undercurrent change in inductance 102 simultaneously results in short magnetic force rise and fall times.

In FIG. 7, an advantageous variation of the control circuit is shown.

Here, the limiter/diode 105 shown in FIG. 6 is omitted. A capacitor 106 is provided parallel to the inductance 102. The additional current demand for the charging process of the capacitor 106 during the switch-on process prolongs the current rise time in the inductance 102. No adverse effect on the change time 89,90 of the magnetic force (travel change 88) acting outwardly through the entire adjustment member 70 occurs. Because it's an electromagnet? This is because only the cutting process works.

During the cut-off process, after the switch 103 is opened, the inductance 102 and the capacitor 106 form a tank circuit. By correspondingly designing the capacitor 106, a short electrical oscillation opening and thus a rapid magnet force drop is achieved. The resulting electrical oscillations produce a periodic current reversal sound with an inductance of 102 yen which is attenuated in accordance with the tank circuit attenuation. This damping process has the advantage that any small residual magnetism that may be present in the magnet material of the magnet coil is removed. Furthermore, the fall time of the magnetic force is additionally shortened due to the removal of residual magnetism.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a dual magnet arrangement according to an embodiment of the invention, with two electromagnets acting on a common mover; Figures 2 and 3 respectively show the The upper half shows the relationship between the magnetic force of the two electromagnets and time, and the lower half shows the relationship between the stroke of the mover and time.
The figure is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a 2×2 double magnet arrangement according to an embodiment of the invention, with two electromagnetic arrangements each acting on a common armature, the fifth capacitor being one in its upper part. 2
The relationship between the magnetic force of the two electromagnets of the heavy magnet device and time is shown in the middle part, and the relationship between the magnetic force of the two electromagnets of the other double magnet device and time is shown in the middle part, and the two movable magnets in the bottom part are shown. A graph showing the relationship between child stroke and time, FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the control circuit, and FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the control circuit.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the embodiment. 10...double magnet device, It, 12...1 magnet, 1
3.14...Winding, 15.16...Air gap,
17... Mover, 18, 19... Reciprocating motion, 20.
...adjustment member, 30.31...magnetic force, 32...rise time of magnetic force, 33...first time, 34...
Second time, 35...stroke change, 36...rise time of magnetic force, 37...fall time of magnetic force, 41...
・First time, 42...Second time, 50...2X
Double magnet device, 51.52...Double magnet, 53.54
...Electromagnet, 55.56...Winding, 57.58...
・Air gap, 59...Mover, 60.61...
Electromagnet, 62.63... Winding wire, 64.65... Air cap, 66... Mover, 67... Connection member,
68°69... Reciprocating movement, 70... Adjustment member, 80
．． 81...Magnetic force, 82...Magnetic force time,
83... First time, 84.85... Magnetic force change curve, 86... Second time, 87... Sixth time,
88...stroke change, 8th...rise time of magnetic force,
89'...fall time of magnetic force, ioo, ioi...
・Pole, 1106...Capacitor 11.12...Electromagnet 15.16...Air gear

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A method for driving a multiple electromagnet device comprising at least one double magnet and a movable element movable between the two electromagnets, comprising: (a) in the first step: A broken electromagnet (1
(b) After a first predetermined time (33, 41), one of the electromagnets (11, 12), that is, the mover (15, 16) is placed in the air gap (15, 16). The electromagnet (11, 12) in which the electromagnet (17) is present is cut off, and the mover (17) is connected to the other electromagnet (11, 12), that is, the electromagnet (11, 12) that is operatively connected. ) into the air gap (15, 16); (c) Then, after a second predetermined time (34, 42), the presence of the mover (17) now in the air gap (15, 16); A method for driving a multiple electromagnet device, characterized in that the other electromagnet (11, 12) is cut off. 2. A multiplex consisting of at least one first and second double magnet, each with a first and second electromagnet and a mover in each case coupled to each other, movable between these two electromagnets. A method for driving an electromagnet device, wherein (a) the mover (59) of the first double magnet (51) is connected to the second electromagnet (54) of the first double magnet (51); is located in the air gap (58) of the second double magnet (52), and the mover (66) of the second double magnet (52) is likewise located within the second electromagnet (61) of this second double magnet (52). Starting from the position of the mover (59, 66), located in the air gap (65) of the two electromagnets (53, 54) of the first two electromagnets (51) and the second Starting from a state in which the first electromagnet (60) of the double magnet (52) is disconnected and the second electromagnet (61) of the second double magnet (52) is operatively connected. Then, in the first step, the two electromagnets (53, 54) of the first double magnet (51) are operatively connected at the same time, and (b) after the first predetermined time (83), the first simultaneously cut off the second electromagnet (54) of the double magnet (51) and the second electromagnet (61) of the second double magnet (52); After a time (86), the two electromagnets (60, 61) of the second double magnet (52) are operatively connected simultaneously; Driving a multiple electromagnet device characterized by simultaneously cutting off the first electromagnet (53) of (51) and the first electromagnet (60) of the second double magnet (52). method for. 3. An apparatus for implementing a method for driving a multiple electromagnet device comprising at least one double magnet and a mover movable between the two electromagnets, the electromagnet (11;
12, 53, 54, 60, 61) for driving a multiple electromagnetic device, characterized in that at least one electrically controllable switch (103) is provided for activating and disconnecting the equipment. 4. Device according to claim 3, wherein the controllable switch (103) is a transistor. 5. The device according to claim 3, wherein the controllable switch (103) is a thyristor that can be connected and disconnected. 6. The third aspect of the present invention is provided with a switching means (105, 106) for providing an insulating time shorter than a connecting time of the electromagnet (11, 12, 53, 54, 60, 61). The device according to any one of Items 1 to 5. 7. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that a limiter diode (105) is connected in parallel to the controllable switch (103). 8. The device according to claim 6, wherein a capacitor (106) is connected in parallel to the inductance (102) of the magnet coil.