JPS6224589B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a tile construction method in which tiles are attached to a concrete surface by pouring concrete.

Conventionally, in order to install tiles on the exterior of buildings, etc., tiles were placed in rows one by one with mortar interposed between them and the concrete surface, leaving joints on all four sides, and then the joints were filled with mortar. The finishing touches were being carried out. However, this method is not only inefficient because the tiles are pasted one by one, but also because the joints are measured by eye, the sizes tend to be inconsistent.

Therefore, in recent years, a tile base consisting of a row of recesses for fitting tiles separated by vertical and horizontal joint walls has been used, and tiles are fitted into the recesses to create inner and outer walls for concrete pouring. The so-called tile-adhesive construction method has begun, in which tiles are set on one side of the formwork and then affixed to the concrete surface by pouring concrete.

In the above-mentioned tile tipping method, if the tile is simply inserted into the recess of the tile base, the tile will be held in an extremely unstable state and will easily peel off. Impact caused by nailing during installation, adjusting the spacing of the formwork after erecting the inner and outer formwork, correcting warping, bending, distortion, etc. of the formwork on the tile set side, and even during concrete pouring. Due to the impact,
A considerable number of tiles will peel off and fall, and the effort and cost required to repair the peeled off portions after construction will be great.

Therefore, in this type of tile tipping method, when fitting a tile into a recess in a tile base, double-sided adhesive tape or chemical adhesive is interposed between the tile surface and the recess surface. The reality is that it is glued to the tile base. However, even when the tiles are bonded to the tile base using double-sided adhesive tape or adhesives, the above-mentioned shocks occur when installing accessories, when adjusting the spacing between formworks and correcting the formwork alignment. Tiles do not peel or fall when exposed to shocks during concrete pouring, especially if the tile base is wet when gluing the tiles into a recess, or if it rains between the time the formwork is erected and the concrete is poured. When the double-sided adhesive tape or adhesive gets wet, its adhesive strength decreases considerably, making the tile more likely to peel off and fall off, especially at the corners, and the tile retention effect that was initially expected may not be achieved. I can't get it. Furthermore, in the case of a curved wall, regardless of the size of the radius, the tiles may not be completely fitted into the recesses, making them even more likely to peel off and fall off. Furthermore, if the double-sided adhesive tape or adhesive does not get wet and maintains its initial strong adhesive strength, there is almost no risk of the tiles falling off as described above, but on the other hand, when removing the mold after the concrete has hardened, It is difficult for the tile base to separate from the tiles on the concrete surface, requiring a considerable amount of human effort.In particular, if the tile base is made of styrofoam board, it may crack and fragments may be scattered, making it troublesome to dispose of. . Moreover, since double-sided adhesive tape or adhesive remains on the surface of the removed tile, cleaning the tile surface is quite time-consuming.

The present invention was invented in order to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks of the tile tip construction method, and does not use adhesive tape or adhesive to fit and hold the tiles into the recesses of the tile base, thereby preventing tiles from falling off. This is characterized by the use of a net for prevention.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. FIGS. 1 and 2 show a tile base a used for implementing the present invention, and the tile base a
is made of polystyrene or other relatively hard synthetic resin foam of an appropriate size, and on one side thereof there is a recess 3 for fitting a tile separated by vertical and horizontal joint walls 1 and 2, each for one tile. They are arranged in rows, and each recess 3 has a through hole 4 for bolts and other connecting fasteners of the spacing member for the inner and outer formwork for concrete pouring.
is provided. The depth of each recess 3 is such that approximately half of the thickness of tile b is fitted therein. Furthermore, at least one of the joint walls 1 and 2 around the four circumferences of each recess 3 has a reverse taper shape (about 0.5 to 1.5 mm) on a part or the entire wall side surface (not shown) toward the top of the wall.
It is formed as an inclined surface 5 projecting inwardly into the recess, so that the tile b can be elastically, strongly and tightly fitted into the recess 3.

Therefore, when implementing the tile construction method of the present invention, the tile base a as described above is set to constitute one of the inner and outer formworks A and B for concrete pouring, for example, the outer formwork A. Since the above tile base a alone does not form the body of the outer formwork A, first, a formwork board c such as a plywood board with a thickness of about 12 mm is erected with supports d etc. erected on the outside. , Attach the tile base a to the inside of the form board c with the recess 3 facing inward, and attach the tile base a to the formwork using fixing fittings e such as staples or nails. It is set by connecting and fixing it to plate c (Fig. 3). Therefore, the outer formwork A is composed of a formwork plate c and a tile base a. After the erection of this outer formwork A is completed,
A separator and an outer corner butter are attached, and a predetermined tile b is turned over and fitted into each recess 3 of the tile base a without using any adhesive means. At this time, the recess 3 where the bolt or other connecting fixture f of the formwork spacing member is to be installed.
In place of the tile b, a disposable material g made of synthetic resin or the like molded to approximately the same dimensions as the tile b is fitted. Of course, the waste material g has a hole that matches the through hole 4 of the tile base a.
g′ [Figure 3]. After this tile fitting is completed, use the joint walls 1 and 2, or the part where the waste material g is fitted, or the through hole in the same place on the tile holding surface side, that is, inside, of the tile base a holding the tile b. 4 etc., stretch the net h so as to hold down the tile b, so that the tile b is held down by the net h [Fig. 3]. In this case, the net h is one in which the wires constituting the mesh intersect diagonally as shown in Figures 4 or 5, or in which the lines intersect vertically and horizontally at right angles as in Figure 6. There is no problem even if it is. Furthermore, it is also possible to use other knitted or woven nets or molded nets. However, although the size of the mesh of net h differs depending on the type of tile b, it is set so that at least one line forming the mesh runs over the back surface of each tile. The mesh may be small, but if it is too small, the adhesion of the tiles will decrease and the material cost will increase, so it is desirable that the mesh be as coarse as possible. Further, the net h may be a wire mesh, but if the rust on the net h stands out, it will cause the tiles to peel off, so the wire mesh should be made of a corrosion-resistant material or one that has been subjected to corrosion-resistant treatment. In particular, the net made of corrosion-resistant material is polypropylene,
A material made of synthetic resin such as polyethylene or nylon is suitable. The optimum thickness of such a net h and the width or diameter of the filaments is approximately 2 mm, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

After tensioning the net h, reinforcing bars i such as column reinforcements, hoop reinforcements, and wall reinforcements are arranged. In this case, the distance between reinforcing bars i and tiles b should be at least 40 mm.
After attaching the connecting fixtures f such as separator rods, the inner formwork B is erected (Fig. 3). Thereafter, the outer form A is corrected and erected, and warps, bends, distortions, etc. of the outer form A are corrected using a connecting fixture f or the like. In addition, when installing openings, window surrounds, and other accessories to the outer formwork A, this is done as necessary after the erection of the outer formwork A is completed or after the erection of the inner and outer formworks A and B.

After that, concrete K is placed between the inner and outer formwork A and B by a well-known method. Concrete K has fluidity, so it passes through the mesh of net h to tile b.
As the concrete k cures and hardens, it becomes integrated with the back surface of the tile b, and the concrete k and the tile b are bonded together in the same way as when there is no net. Also net h
is embedded in concrete k. After the concrete has hardened, it is demolded, and the form plates c of the inner formwork B and outer formwork A are removed, and the tile base a holding the tile b is removed from the concrete surface so as to be separated from the tile b. It is enough to peel them off, and the tiles b are arranged in rows on the concrete wall with the joint spacing corresponding to the joint walls 1 and 2.

In addition, in the above embodiment, the tile b is placed in the recess 3.
Although the case is shown in which tiles B are fitted into each recess 3 after setting tile base a having , this can also be set and implemented in the same way as above.

As described above, the present invention provides a tile base that is made of a relatively hard synthetic resin foam such as polystyrene and has a row of tile fitting recesses separated by vertical and horizontal joint walls. In the so-called advance construction method, each tile is fitted into one of the inner and outer formwork for concrete pouring, and the tiles are attached to the concrete surface by concrete pouring. It fits into each recess of the tile base without the use of adhesive means, and a net is stretched over the tile holding surface of the tile base to hold down the tile. The fitted tile is not only held in shape by the joint wall on the tile base surface made of relatively hard synthetic resin foam, but also protected by the pressure of the net, making it extremely stable in the specified recess. It is held well and securely, and there is no peeling or falling off, even though double-sided adhesive tape, adhesive, or other adhesive means are not applied. In particular, the combination of the tile base's cushioning properties unique to synthetic resin foam and the tile holding effect of the net makes it highly resistant to shock and vibration, such as shock and vibration when installing openings, around windows, and other accessories. There is no risk of tiles peeling off or falling off due to impact during concrete pouring, or when adjusting the spacing between forms or correcting the alignment of formwork. Furthermore, the construction method of the present invention is resistant to rainwater, so if the tile base is wet when the tile is inserted into the recess, or if it rains before the concrete is poured after the inner and outer formwork is erected, the tile may become wet. Even if rainwater enters between the tile bases, there will be no problem during construction, and since the tiles are fitted into recesses and are protected by being pressed down from the back with netting, adhesive tape or adhesives can be used. There is no need to worry about it peeling off or falling off, as in the case of silica, and there is no need for rain nourishment. In addition, when performing this on a curved wall, even if the tile is not completely fitted into the recess of the tile base, the tile is held down by the net and is prevented from peeling off. Tile construction can be easily carried out without any inconvenience.

Moreover, since the present invention does not use any adhesive means to fit and hold the tiles into the recesses of the tile base, the tile base can be easily removed from the concrete surface when demolding after the concrete has hardened. Even if the base is made of a synthetic resin foam such as expanded polystyrene, there is no risk of it breaking, and its disposal becomes easy. Furthermore, there is no adhesive tape or adhesive on the tile surface after demolding, which saves labor in cleaning the tile surface.

Therefore, according to the construction method of the present invention, all the drawbacks of using adhesive means in the tile tipping construction method can be eliminated, and the number of man-hours required for post-treatment work such as repairing peeled-off portions of tiles after construction can be significantly reduced. can.

Furthermore, because the net used to hold down the tiles in the present invention has a mesh structure, it has no effect on the bond between the tiles and concrete, and since it is embedded in the concrete inside the tiles, it can be used as a wall surface to which tiles are attached. There is no problem in terms of appearance. Not only that, NET can also be expected to have the effect of increasing the surface strength of concrete.

Then, as a tile base, use Figures 1 and 2.
When the synthetic resin foam board shown in the figure is used, it is light and easy to handle, and it is easy to set and perform other tasks. The slanted surface of the tile allows the tiles to be elastically strongly and tightly held, preventing the tile from falling off until the net is laid, and allowing a slime-like substance called ``net'' to be released from between the tile and the joint wall. This also makes it possible to prevent moisture from seeping out, making the tile construction method of the present invention even more suitable.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a partial plan view showing an example of a tile base used in the implementation of the present invention, Fig. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of the same part, and Fig. 3... shows an example of the tile base of the present invention being poured into concrete. The cross-sectional views shown in the order of the construction steps up to this point and FIGS. 4 to 6 are schematic front views illustrating the tensioned state of the net, respectively. 1, 2... Wall for joint, 3... Recess for fitting tiles, a... Tile base, b... Tile, c...
Form board, f...Connecting fixture, g...Discarded material, h...
...net, k...concrete, A...outer formwork,
B...Inner formwork.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A tile base made of a relatively hard synthetic resin foam and having a row of tile fitting recesses separated by vertical and horizontal joint walls, with tiles fitted into the recesses. In the tile-first method, each tile is placed on one of the inner and outer formwork for concrete pouring, and the tiles are attached to the concrete surface by concrete pouring. A tile construction method characterized by fitting and holding the tile in each recess without using an adhesive means and stretching a net on the tile holding surface side of the tile base so as to press the tile. 2. The tile construction method according to claim 1, wherein the tile is fitted into each recess after the tile base is set. 3. The tile construction method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the tile is fitted into each recess before the tile base is set. 4. Any one of claims 1, 2, or 3, in which the net is made of a corrosion-resistant material.
The tile construction method described in section. 5. Any one of Claims 1, 2, 3, or 4, wherein the net is made of synthetic resin.
The tile construction method described in section.