JPS6224445Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to a threshing device such as a threshing machine, combine harvester, or harvester, and particularly provides a threshing device aimed at improving the efficiency of wind selection using a winnowing device. Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail based on drawings showing embodiments thereof.

FIG. 1 is an external view of a combine harvester equipped with a threshing device according to the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the proposed device).
A threshing device 3 is mounted on the upper part of the machine above the traveling crawler 1, and a weeding rod 4 and a cutting blade 5 are installed in the front of the machine.
A reaping device 6, a grain culm lifting device 7, an upper conveyance device (not shown), etc. are installed.

Further, numeral 9 is an operation control unit provided in front of the driver's seat 8, 10 is a vertical conveyance device, the end of which is exposed to the end of the feed chain 12 of the grain culm transfer device 11, The grain culm transfer device 11
The threshing device 3 is composed of a foot chain 12 and a clamping rod 13, and is installed along the opening of the threshing device 3.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2, the threshing device 3 has a handling barrel 17 having a large number of handling teeth 16 mounted in a handling chamber 15 formed in the upper part of the machine casing 14.
A handling opening is formed in the axial direction of the handling chamber 1.
A receiving net 18 is stretched over the lower part of the handling chamber 15, and a swing sorting device 19 is provided at the lower part of the handling chamber 15, which is substantially parallel to the axial direction of the handling barrel 17. This sorting device 19 is composed of a swinging sorting board 20 extending in an inclined manner, a lip-shaped chaff sheave 21 provided below the rear of the sorting board 20, and a stroke rack 22 connected to the rear of the chaff sheave 21. , a swinging arm 23 that swings in conjunction with a drive source;
24, it is configured to swing in the same direction as the axis of the handling cylinder 17.

Further, below the swing sorting device 19, there is a first grain removal section 27 consisting of a first flow grain plate 25 and a screw 26, and a second grain removal section 30 consisting of a second flow grain plate 28 and a second screw 29. A sorting air passage 31 is formed. At the lower part of the surface of the first grain plate 25, there is a sensor S for grain detection, which will be described later.
is installed. In the air passage 31, a grain sheave 32 is provided below the chaff sheave 21, and a winnowing device 33 is provided on the wind raising side of the air passage 31.

A wind direction control device 35 is provided at the air outlet of the winnowing device 33 to adjust the direction and volume of the air flowing from the winnowing device 33 toward the grain sorting section, that is, the swing sorting device 19 side. This wind direction control device 35 has a cylindrical shape, and is connected to the output shaft of a motor M (see Fig. 3) with its axial length direction aligned with the left and right direction of the aircraft body, and is rotated in the forward direction by the rotational drive of the motor M. Or reverse. When this wind direction control device 35 rotates normally in the direction of arrow A, the wind from the shaving device 33 toward the grain sorting section increases in volume to the side A of the swinging sorting device in the air passage 31, and Since the amount of air flowing to the side part B of the grain plate is reduced, the grated material from the swinging sorting device 19 is subjected to severe sorting in the part A, and when the grain is reversed in the direction of the arrow B, the material is inside the air passage 31. Since the air volume decreases in the A section and increases in the B section, the handled and grated materials are subjected to strict sorting in the B section.

A rectifying plate 34 is provided above the air outlet of the Karakake device 33, and after the air is rectified by the rectifying plate 34 and the wind direction control device 35, the air is passed through the air passage 31 and out of the machine from the dust exhaust port 36 at the rear of the aircraft. It is configured so that air is exhausted to

Further, a dust suction/discharge device 37 is provided above the middle of the stroke rack 22, an upper suction cover 38 is provided above the device 37, and a lower suction cover 39 is provided below. The opening 40 is opened toward the air passage 31 side, and the exhaust port 41 is opened toward the dust exhaust port 36.

A scattering prevention sheet, for example, a prevention cloth 42 is connected to the lower part of the lower suction cover 39, and the prevention cloth 4
2 is configured to hang down above the middle of the stroke rack 22.

Further, above the upper suction cover 38, there is a fourth gutter 43 extending obliquely upward from both ends.
is extended to form a fourth opening 44, and the prickly grains taken out from the culm after threshing, that is, the waste straw, are passed through the straw rack 2.
2. It is configured so as to reduce the amount upward.

In addition, 45 is a straw cutting device provided at the rear of the threshing device 3 for cutting the grain culm, that is, the straw after threshing.

FIG. 3 shows the control circuit of the present device. The sensor S uses a piezoelectric element or a sonoelectric conversion element, and when a grain or the like collides with it, it emits an electric signal according to the colliding object and the collision state. Such a sensor S has a flat small box shape, and has a detection surface, that is, a surface that is to be hit by a test object (grain, etc.) at the bottom of the first grain plate 25, as shown in FIG. It is installed upwards. As this sensor S, it is convenient to use, for example, the sensor used in the Grain Loss Monitor Model 912 manufactured by SED, but as mentioned above, this sensor emits an electrical signal in response to the collision of grains. It is configured by combining an appropriate piezoelectric or sonoelectric conversion element and a pre-amplifier.

The output of the sensor S is input to an amplifier 52 housed in a control circuit case placed at an appropriate location in the aircraft, and the output of the amplifier 52 is input to a band pass filter 53.
is input to. This filter has an appropriate frequency in the range of 10 to 30 kHz as its center frequency, and is designed to effectively pass signals caused by grain collisions and prohibit sensor output signals caused by machine vibration and other factors from passing through. A cutoff frequency is determined. The output of the filter 53 is given to a retriggerable mono multivibrator 54. The signal obtained by the sensor S due to one grain collision or the signal output from the filter 53 in response is a steep single signal of about 10 to 30 kHz, but in order to enable stable detection. Then, a rectangular wave pulse of about 1.5 to 3.5 msec is obtained by the mono multivibrator 54, and this is inputted to an integrating circuit 55 to obtain a level corresponding to the number of input pulses or its duration. The output of the integrating circuit 55 is applied to the +input terminal of the comparison circuit 56 and one input terminal of the comparison circuit 57. The other input of each of the comparison circuits 56 and 57 is a resistor connected in series between the line connected to the positive terminal of the battery 63 and the body ground by closing the switch 62a operated by the operation of the threshing clutch lever 62.
Levels V ₁ , V ₂ determined by R ₁ , R ₂ and variable resistor R ₃
(However, V ₁ > V ₂ ). Here, V ₁ is defined as when the grains falling on the first flow grain plate 25 are equal to or slightly less than the allowable upper limit value, and
V ₂ is set to the voltage that the integrating circuit 55 outputs when the grains falling on the first flow grain plate 25 are equal to or slightly more than the allowable lower limit value. Therefore,
When the output potential Vc of the integrating circuit 55 is Vc > V ₁ , the output of the comparator circuit 56 is high level, and V ₂ >
Vc, the output of the comparator circuit 57 becomes high level, and if V ₁ > V > V ₂ , the output of the comparator circuit 5
The outputs of 6 and 57 remain at low level.

The output of the comparison circuit 56 is given to a switch circuit 58 for turning on/off the excitation coil 60c of the electromagnetic relay 60. When the output of the comparison circuit 56 reaches a high level, the switch circuit 58 is turned on and the excitation coil 60c is turned on. 60c is energized. On the other hand, the output of the comparison circuit 57 is given to a switch circuit 59 for turning on/off the excitation coil 61c of the electromagnetic relay 61, and when the output of the comparison circuit 57 reaches a high level, the switch circuit 59 is turned on to excite the coil 61c. coil 6
1c is energized.

The electromagnetic relays 60 and 61 are provided for forward and reverse rotation of the motor M, and one terminal of the motor M is connected to the above-mentioned 62a through the normally open contact 60a of the electromagnetic relay 60.
The body is grounded to the positive side line which is turned on and off at , and also to the body ground via a normally closed contact 60b. Similarly, the other end of the motor M is connected to the positive line via the normally open contact 61a of the electromagnetic relay 61, and also to the normally closed contact 61a of the electromagnetic relay 61.
The body is grounded via 0b. Therefore,
When the output potential Vc of the integrating circuit 55 is V ₁ >Vc > V ₂ , the comparison circuits 56 and 57 remain at low level, the switch circuits 58 and 59 are not turned on, and the potential of the motor M is Although the body remains grounded, if Vc > V ₁ , the output of the comparison circuit 56 becomes high level, so the normally open contact 60a is closed, the normally closed contact 60b is open, and the normally open contact 60a is closed. , motor M, and the circuit of normally closed contact 61b are energized, motor M rotates forward, and wind direction control device 35
When rotated in the direction shown by the arrow A, and conversely V ₂ >Vc, the output of the comparison circuit 57 becomes high level, so the normally open contact 61a closes and the normally closed contact 61
b becomes open, normally open contact 61a, motor M,
The circuit of the normally closed contact 60b is energized, and the motor M
is reversed, and the wind direction control device 35 is rotated in the direction shown by the arrow B.

The present device constructed as described above operates as follows. That is, grain culms are divided by a divider 4 and pulled up by a pulling device 7, and harvested by a cutting blade 5. The harvested grain culms are transferred to an upper and lower conveying device (not shown), and further to a vertical conveying device 10, and then to a threshing device. The grains are fed to the grain culm transfer device 11 of No. 3. The tip side of the grain culm inherited by the grain culm transfer device 11 is inserted into the handling chamber 15 from the handling port of the threshing device 3 and is threshed by the handling teeth 16 of the handling cylinder 17 that is rotationally driven. be done. The grated grains, etc. that have been threshed and passed through the receiving net 18 fall onto the swinging sorting device 19, and the swinging of the device 19 also performs specific gravity sorting, and the fine grains are taken out first. 27, the second reduced product and the third reduced product are blown onto the straw rack 22 by the wind generated by the windshield device 33, and the preventive cloth 4
2, the grains fall onto the straw rack 22, where they are massaged and re-sorted by the swinging action of the straw rack 22, and the grains and other reduced products (mainly grains) are transferred to the second flow. It passes over the grain plate 28 and falls into the second grain removal section 30. Relatively large pieces of straw, etc., fall through the slight gap formed on the straw rack 22 by the prevention cloth 42 by the wind sent from the shaving device 33. It is transferred to the rear while being interfered with by the cloth 42 and is discharged from the machine through the dust exhaust port 36, while relatively lightweight foreign matter is sucked through the suction port 40 of the dust suction/exhaust device 37 and discharged from the machine through the exhaust port 41. be discharged.

Therefore, when the amount of grains falling onto the first grain plate 25 increases, the air selection by the grain winnowing device 33 deteriorates, and the second and third reduced products, which are not originally mixed, are the first grains to be removed from the grain removal section 27. be mixed into the However, in such a case, the sensor S detects an increase in the amount of fallen grains, the output potential Vc of the integrating circuit 55 becomes Vc> _V1 , and the output of the comparing circuit 56 becomes high level. As a result, the motor M rotates in the normal direction, and the wind direction control device 35 rotates in the direction of arrow A to increase the amount of air to the section A. This improves the sorting accuracy in the air passage 31 and allows the grain to flow first. 25 to reduce the amount of grains falling on top,
The sorting on the first grain board 25, which sorts the first grain (fine grain) and the second grain (shiina), is performed appropriately.

Further, when the amount of grains falling onto the first flow grain plate 25 decreases, the sensor S detects this, the output potential Vc of the integrating circuit 55 becomes Vc<V ₂ , and the output of the comparator circuit 57 becomes Becomes a high level. As a result, the motor M is rotated in the reverse direction, and the wind direction control device 35 is rotated in the direction of the arrow B to increase the amount of air to the section B, so that the accuracy of sorting on the first flow grain plate 25 is improved. That is,
Among the grains falling along the first flow grain plate 25, only the first grain with the highest specific gravity is taken out to the first grain take-out part 27, and the second grain etc. with a relatively lighter specific gravity are taken out to the second grain take-out part 30. Air will be blown to In addition, when the amount of grains falling onto the first flow grain board 25 is appropriate, it is assumed that wind selection in the grain sorting section by the winnowing device 33 is being performed appropriately, and the rotation of the wind direction control device 35 is It's stopped.

As described above in detail, the threshing device of the present invention performs oscillating sorting on the grains leaking from the receiving net placed below the handling barrel, and then performs wind selection using the winnowing device to separate the grains. A threshing device for dropping grains onto the first grain board, which includes a means provided on the first grain board to detect the amount of grains falling from the oscillating sorting device by the collision thereof, and a means provided at the air outlet of the winnowing device. and a means for changing the direction of the air flowing from the Karakino device to the oscillating sorting device, and increasing or decreasing the amount of air flowing toward the oscillating sorting device depending on whether the detected amount of grain is large or small. In addition, it is equipped with means for adjusting the wind direction to increase the amount of air flowing to the first flow grain plate when the detected amount of grain is small. If there is a large amount of grain falling onto the flow grain board, wind selection is performed on both the shaking sorting device and the grains falling from it by applying strong wind toward the shaking sorting device. We perform strict sorting here, and conversely, if there is less grain, we weaken the effect of the wind near the swinging sorter to slow the sorting here, and then make the sorting more severe at the lowest grain plate. Become. This has the effect of harmonizing the sorting as a whole, increasing wind sorting efficiency, and as a result, the fine grains are sorted to the first grain removal section more precisely, which is an excellent effect. play. In addition, in the present invention, the grain detection sensor S
Even if paddy and straw accumulate on the top and grain collisions cannot be detected sufficiently, the fact that the amount of detected grains is small means that the wind toward the most flowing grain plate is As a result of the increase in quantity and the resulting blowing away of the deposits, the sensor S has the advantage of recovering its function and returning to a state in which it can once again accurately detect the quantity of grains.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention.
The figure is an external view of a combine harvester equipped with the proposed device, Figure 2 is a partially fragmented vertical sectional view of the proposed device, and Figure 3
The figure is a control circuit diagram of the present device. 15... Handling room, 22... Stroll rack, 33
...Karamino device, 35...Wind direction control device, S...Sensor, 56, 57...Comparison circuit.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] After the grains leaking from the receiving net placed below the handling barrel are shaken and sorted, the grains are sorted by wind with a winnowing device, and the grains fall onto the first grain board. A means provided on the grain plate to detect the amount of grain falling from the oscillating sorting device by the collision thereof, and a means provided at the air outlet of the karate winnowing device to change the direction of the air flowing from the karate winnowing device to the oscillating sorting device. means for increasing or decreasing the amount of air directed toward the rocking sorting device depending on whether the detected amount of grains is large or small, and when the detected amount of grains is small, A threshing device characterized by comprising means for adjusting the wind direction to increase the amount of air flowing to the first grain plate.