JPS62244413A - Backwash filter - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To backwash filter elements effectively by flowing gas for backwash into non-working filter element and backwashing elements one by one in turn regularly or at the time of heavy cloggings by gas. CONSTITUTION:Liquid flowing from a liquid inlet 10 into a primary chamber 8 comes from a liquid introduction port 13 into a separating tube 16, passes a filter element 19 to be filtered, moves into a secondary chamber 9 and flows out of a liquid outlet 11. The non-working filter element 19' is backwashed with gas for backwash coming out of a gas nozzle 52 and sludge is drained out of a drain discharge hole 31. After cleaning the element 19', a revolving shaft 27 is revolved to backwash the following element 19. Gas in the element 19' or the like is pushed out by liquid with the revolution of revolving shaft 27 and drained out of a gas exhaust tube 69. When the whole of gas is exhausted and the gas exhaust valve 69 is closed, filtered liquid flowing into a small chamber 54 is flowed through a small flow hole 55 into a secondary chamber 9.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a backwash type filter, and in detail 1),
It is mainly used for automatic continuous precision filtration of fuel oil for marine diesel engines, but it is also used in the industrial machinery field, food industry, etc. for automatic continuous precision filtration of various liquids such as oil and water. is also used.

[Prior Art] As shown in Fig. 5, a conventional backwash type filter divides the inside of a cylindrical sealed container a into upper and lower parts by an element support plate, and the liquid guide holes C are arranged on the same circumference in the element support plate. A plurality of filtration elements d are arranged above the 8 liquid introducing holes C, and the axis e is rotatably placed in the center of the cylindrical closed container a and the element support plate, and the element of the LIille is A drain plate f is provided below the support plate to sequentially block off a portion of the plurality of liquid guide holes C.

Liquid such as oil supplied from the following 8 days g of the cylindrical hermetic container a flows into each filtering element d from the liquid guide hole d which is not blocked by the liquid drain plate f, is filtered, and then flows into the cylindrical hermetic container a. It flows out from the upper outlet.

The foreign matter in the liquid is caught on the inner surface of the filter membrane L-d, but the liquid does not flow from the F side into the filter membrane l-a, which is blocked by the drain plate f, and the filtered membrane l-a is blocked by the drain plate f. A part of the liquid flows into the filtration surface, and the filtered liquid flows into the filtration surface.
d The foreign matter caught on the inner surface is dropped, and the washing liquid is discharged from the liquid guide hole C through the drain hole i drilled in the drain plate f, and then through the drain hole i drilled in the lower end of the shaft e. It is discharged from line k.

When cleaning of one filtration element d is completed, the shaft e is rotated to move the drain plate f to the side of the next clogged filtration element d, and backwashing is performed with a portion of the filtered liquid.

In this way, liquid is continuously filtered.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in filters of this method that use a portion of the filtered liquid for backwashing, the backwashing power is weak, so it is difficult to see if the mesh size of the filtration element d becomes fine. Since clogging is likely to occur, it is necessary to frequently open the filter and clean the filtration element d with compressed air, etc., which requires a lot of effort for maintenance. Even if you blow air from the outer surface because foreign matter is attached, it often scatters and adheres to the opposite inner surface, making it impossible to completely remove it.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems and to enable efficient backwashing of the filtration element, the present invention provides a method in which the inside of the casing is covered with two upper and lower supports. It is divided into upper, middle and lower pressure chambers, and a liquid inlet is provided in the lower primary chamber, and a liquid outlet is provided in the upper secondary chamber, and the rotating shaft passes through the casing and approximately the center of each support. three or more liquid guide holes are formed in the lower support around the rotating shaft, and separating tubes each containing a filter element are liquid-tightly arranged above each of the liquid guide holes. , the inside of the filtration element in each of the separating tubes and the secondary chamber are connected to the ten-piece support 1 (a communicating passage bored in the same number of filtration elements as the number of filtration elements in the open water and a penetrating portion of the upper support body of the rotating shaft). The oil can be communicated with each other through the recessed spilled oil 1, and at least one of the plurality of liquid guide holes and a drain discharge hole drilled in the lower part of the rotating shaft are sequentially communicated with each other through a drain discharge passage. A backwashing gas nozzle is inserted into the drain 1Jl outlet hole, and the gas nozzle and the spring valve-1 flow side of the flow path having the spring valve are communicated with each other by a flow path so that the backwashing gas can be used. A backwash type filter is constructed by backwashing the first filtration element, and further, in addition to the above structure, it communicates with the opening provided in the upper support penetration part of the rotating shaft. A flow path is bored in the rotating shaft to communicate with the communicating path adjacent to the connecting path and to lead gas and filtered liquid to a small chamber that surrounds the upper part of the rotating shaft. A valve that opens and closes with the force of the filtration general liquid is connected to the two-knee wash chamber so that it can communicate with the outflow hole on the right side, and an openable and closable gas vent pipe that communicates with the small chamber is connected to the upper cover. As a result, a backwash type Noirta was constructed.

[Function] The liquid that has flowed into the primary chamber from the liquid inlet [21] enters the separating tube from other liquid introducing holes that are not blocked by the drain passage, passes through the filtration element, is filtered, and is filtered into each channel. The filtered liquid passes through the passage and the outflow groove to the secondary chamber, and flows out from the liquid outlet.

The backwashing gas from the gas nozzle flows into the non-operating filtration element, which is blocked by the drain discharge path, through the flow path and communication path, and reverses the nucleation filtration element that passes through the filtration element from the inside to the outside. The sludge is discharged from the drain discharge hole at the lower end of the rotation t11 through the washing, liquid introduction hole, and drain discharge path.

After cleaning one filtration element, the next filtration element can be backwashed by rotating the rotating shaft.

Furthermore, the gas in the filtration element and separating tube that has been backwashed by the gas is pushed out by the inflowing liquid when the rotating shaft is rotated and the drain discharge path is removed, and the gas is pushed out into the small chamber through the communication path and flow path. The gas is then discharged from the gas vent pipe.

When all the gas has been exhausted, close the gas vent pipe.
The filtered liquid that has flowed into the small chamber opens the valve with its own blade and flows out from the outflow pore to the secondary chamber.

[Example] Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

1 to 4 show an embodiment of the present invention, in which an upper cover 3 is attached to the upper side of an upper flange 2 fixed to the lower end of a cylindrical body 1.
A lower cover 5 is removably fitted and fixed to the lower side of the lower inner 7 flange 4 fixed to the lower end of the cylinder 1, and further fixed to the inner lower part of the cylinder 1. A support body 7 is fixed to the intermediate inner flange 6 to partition it into a lower first wash chamber 8 and an upper secondary chamber 9, and a liquid inlet 1 is provided in the cylinder 1 on the side of the wash chamber 8.
0 is set (and liquid comes out at the top of the cylinder 1 on the secondary chamber 9 side).
11 is set.

A shaft hole 12 is bored in the center of the support body 7, and a plurality of liquid guide holes 13 are bored around the shaft hole 12 on the same circumference, and the liquid storage hole 13 and the shaft hole 12 opening 14 on the inner peripheral surface of
These are communicated with each other through a drain discharge path 15.

Separating tube 1 from above the storage liquid hole 13
6 are inserted in a liquid-tight manner, a communicating tube 18 having a communicating hole 17 is attached to the upper end of each separating tube 16 in a water-tight manner, and a filtration element 19 is attached to the lower end of each communicating tube 18. It is.

An annular inner boss 20 is fixed to the inner peripheral side of the cylinder 1 on the side of the secondary chamber 9 so as to be located below the liquid outlet 11, and the upper support body 21 can be attached to and detached from the inner boss 20 in a liquid-tight manner. It is a good fit. A hole 22 bored in the lower side of the upper support 21
Insert the upper end of each communication pipe 18 into the hole 22.
and an opening 24 provided in the inner peripheral surface of a shaft hole 23 bored in the center of the upper support body 21 are communicated through a communication path 25.

The shaft hole 23 of the upper support body 21 and the shaft hole 12 of the support body 7
and a shaft hole 26 formed in the lower cover 5.

A drain discharge passage 28 is bored in the center of the lower part of the rotating shaft 27,
The drain discharge hole 28 is opened in the side surface of the rotating shaft 27 to form an opening 1 part 21), and the opening part 29 is made to communicate with the drain discharge passage 15'. The inlet groove 30 is recessed to have a small diameter over a required range other than the drain part, so that the washing chamber 8 and the other drain outlet passage 15 communicate with each other and liquid can flow therein. Furthermore, the portion of the rotating shaft 27 protruding from the lower cover 5 is covered with a bearing cover 32 having a drain discharge I'' 31, so that the sludge generated by backwashing is discharged from the drain tJl through the drain discharge path 15' and the drain discharge hole 28. It is designed to be discharged from 1131.

A hole 33 is provided at the center of the upper end of the rotating shaft 27, and the intermediate shaft 34, which is disposed so as to pass through the upper cover 3, is fitted into the hole 33 and is prevented from rotating by a pin 35. (The output shaft 37 of the rotary drive device 36 is connected to this part so that the rotary shaft 27 can be rotated intermittently by a required angle). .

Further, an opening ``1'' 38 and an opening ``1q'' communicating with the communication passage 25' are provided in the upper support body 21d of the rotating shaft 27.
A 1" part 39 is provided adjacent to the opening part 38, and an outflow groove 40 is recessed over a required range in a range other than the part where the opening part 38 and 39 are provided, and the outflow groove 40 and the upper support 21's rotating shaft 27 (outlet hole 42 bored in Novos 41)
This is so that they can communicate with each other.

A gas nozzle 52 for backwashing is provided in the drain discharge hole 28,
The bearing cover 32 is inserted through the bearing cover 32 and fixed airtightly and relatively rotatably deeper than the opening 29, and the drain discharge hole 28 and the opening 38 are communicated through a flow path 53, and the gas nozzle Compressed air injected from 52,
Introducing a gas such as N2 into the filtration element 19' through the flow path 53, the flow path 51, the communication path 25', and the communication hole 17',
It is designed so that it can be backwashed.

Further, a small chamber 54 is provided below the intermediate shaft 340 of the upper cover 3, and an outflow pore 55 is provided in the wall of the small chamber 54 to communicate the inside of the small chamber 54 and the secondary chamber 9. 55
can be opened and closed by the piston rod 57 of the screw valve 56, and the head side chamber 58 of the screw valve 56
The spring 59 provided in the piston 60 is biased in the opening direction, and the rod side chamber 61 of the piston valve 56 (+)
The interior of the small chamber 54 is communicated with the interior of the small chamber 54 through a through hole 62, and a through hole 63 is provided in the head side chamber 58 of the screw-in valve 56 to allow liquid to freely flow in and out of the head side chamber 58.

The opening end of the hole 33 provided at the upper end of the rotation @lI27 is made large in diameter, and the flange plate 72 fixed to the lower part of the opening 1tql+34 is airtightly formed so that an annular flow path 64 is formed in the large diameter part. Fitting - V tightening, the intermediate shaft 34 and the rotating shaft 27
Flow passages 65 and 66 are formed in the intermediate shaft 34 so as to form a single flow passage communicating with the opening 39, and the flow passage 65 and the annular flow passage 64 communicate with each other through the intermediate shaft 34. In addition to drilling a hole 67, a hole 68 is also bored so that the channel 65 and the small chamber 54 can communicate with each other.

Furthermore, a gas rear pipe 69 having an on-off valve is connected to the upper cover 3 so as to communicate with the small chamber 54.

In the figure, 43 is the rocking pole l~, 44.45 is the bearing,
46 is a sleeve, 70 is a check valve, and 71 is a backwash position detector, not shown.

With the above structure, when fuel oil for a diesel engine, for example, is allowed to flow into the flushing chamber 8 from the tank 10, the fuel oil is recessed into the opening between the rotary shaft 27 and the support 7. From each drain outlet hole 15 to the liquid guide hole 1 through the inlet groove 30
3 and into the separating tube 16. At this time, since the opening 14' of the drain discharge hole 15' and the rotating shaft 27 are in close contact with each other, the drain discharge hole 15'
Fuel oil does not flow into the tank.

The fuel oil that has reached the inside of the separating tube 16 passes through the filtration element 19 from the outside to the inside, is filtered cleanly, passes through the communication hole 17 of the communication pipe 18, reaches the communication path 25 of the upper support body 21, and then enters the communication path 25 of the upper support body 21. Clean fuel oil flows from the section 24 through the outflow groove 40 and into the secondary chamber 9 through the outflow hole 42, and flows out from the outflow port 11.

Periodically or when the filtration element 19' becomes severely clogged and the differential pressure between the liquid inlet 10 and the liquid outlet 11 becomes too strong, perform backwashing using compressed air.

That is, when compressed air is supplied from the gas nozzle 52 to the back of the drain discharge hole 28, the compressed air flows from the flow path 53 and the opening 38 to the opening 24' of the upper support 21 and the communication path 2.
5', the communication hole 17' of the communication pipe 18' and flows into the filtration element 19'.
19' passing through from the inside to the outside.
The foreign substances placed on the outside of the filtration element 19' are removed, and the filtration element 19' is backwashed.

The backwashed sludge is transferred to the separating tube 16'
The liquid flows downward through the liquid guide hole 13' of the support body 7, and drains through the drain hole 15' of the rotating shaft 27, and then is discharged from the drain hole 31 of the bearing cover 32. At this point, the valve of the gas vent pipe 69 is in a closed state.

In this way, when the automatic backwashing of one filter element 19' is completed, the rotary shaft 27 is moved by the rotary drive device 36 via the intermediate shaft 34 to the required angle W (360°÷number of filtering elements, 45 in the case of this embodiment). °) Rotate. The opening 29 of the drain discharge hole 28 of the rotating shaft 27 is connected to the drain discharge passage 15'.
It communicates with the adjacent drain discharge passage 15, thereby preventing the inflow of fuel oil and allowing the outflow of sludge. At the same time, the opening 38 of the flow path 53 of the rotating shaft 27 is connected to the communication path 2.
5' and the adjacent communication passage 25, compressed air flows into the next filtration element 19 to perform backwashing.

Further, when the backwashing of the first filtering element 19' with compressed air is completed as described above, when the rotary shaft 27 is rotated by the rotary drive device 36, the opening 14' of the drain discharge passage 15' and the drain discharge hole 28 are rotated. The communication with the opening 29 is disconnected, and the fuel oil in the pipe 8 enters the separating tube 15' through the drain discharge passage 15' and the liquid introduction hole 13', and passes through the filter element 19' from the outside to the inside. pass through.

Also, due to the rotation of the rotating shaft 27, the opening 24 of the communication passage 25'
' and the opening 39 of the rotating shaft 27 communicate with each other, and the air that filled the filter element 19' after backwashing is discharged through the communication path 25' and the opening 39 when the gas vent pipe 69 is opened. , through the flow path 66 , the flow path 64 , and the flow path 65 , is pushed out from the hole 68 into the small chamber 54 , and is discharged from the gas rear pipe 69 . As a result, air remaining in the filter element 19' after backwashing is discharged and replaced with fuel oil.

After exhausting the residual air, the valve of the shun gas drain pipe 69 is closed. At this point, the filtered combustion oil 131 that has flowed into the filter element 19' passes through the residual air discharge path to the hole 6.
The spring 5 flows into the small chamber 114 of the spring 5, and further flows into the head side chamber 61 of the screw 1 valve 56 through the through hole 62.
9 is bent, the piston 60 is moved in the opening direction, and the filtered fuel oil flows out from the small chamber 54 into the secondary chamber 9 through the outflow pore 55 and joins with the filtered fuel oil from the other filter element 19. The liquid then flows out from the liquid outlet 11.

In this way, the filtration element 19', which has been backwashed with compressed air, filters fuel oil after the air is discharged, but the rotating shaft 27 is rotated to backwash the next filtration element with compressed air. Then, the filtered fuel oil that has been passing through the flow path 66 will now reach the secondary chamber 9 through the outflow Wl'l□40 and the outflow hole 42.

The backwash filter of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and the casing may be of any shape other than a cylinder, and various other shapes may be used without departing from the gist of the present invention. Of course, modifications can be made.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, the backwash filter of the present invention has the following effects:
It exhibits various excellent effects as described below.

(D) The liquid is filtered by flowing from the outside to the inside of the filtration element, and the backwashing gas is flowed from the inside to the outside of the non-operating filtration element to perform backwashing for each filtration element in turn. This can be done efficiently with a small amount of backwashing gas, and the cleaning effect is high, resulting in a compact automatic cleaning filter.

(n> Since it is possible to perform backwashing with gas periodically or when there is severe clogging, most of the clogging of the filtration filter can be removed, and continuous filtration can be performed for a long period of time.

(III) The gas-backwashed filtration element is immediately treated as a gas and used for liquid filtration.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of an embodiment of the backwash filter of the present invention,
Figure 2 is a partial explanatory diagram of Figure 1 in the ■-■ direction, Figure 3 is tJ,
[Fig. 31's ■-■ direction arrow view, Fig. 4 is IV of Fig. 1]
-IV direction arrow diagram, FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a conventional backwash type filter. 1 is a cylinder, 3 is an upper cover, 5 is a lower cover, 7 is a support body, 8 is a primary chamber, 9 is a secondary chamber, 10 is a liquid inlet, 11 is a liquid outlet L1, 13, 13' is a liquid guide hole , 15.15' is a drain discharge path, 16.16' is a separating tube, 1
7.17' is a communication hole, 18.18' is a communication pipe, 19°1
9' is the filtration element. 21 is the upper support, 25°2
5' is a communication path, 27 L; J: rotating shaft, 28 is a drain discharge hole, 30 is an inflow surface, 31 is a drain discharge port, 34 is an intermediate shaft, 36 is a rotary drive device, 39 is a rear part, 40 is an outflow groove, 42 is an outflow hole, 52 is an N2 gas nozzle, 53 is a flow path, 54 is a small chamber, 55 is an outflow pore, 56 is a piston valve,
62 is a through hole, 64, 65, 66 is a flow path, and 69 is a gas pipe.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1) The inside of the casing is divided into three chambers, upper, middle and lower, by two upper and lower supports, a liquid inlet is provided in the lower primary chamber, and a liquid outlet is provided in the upper secondary chamber, and the casing and A rotating shaft is provided through each support so as to pass approximately through the center thereof, three or more liquid guide holes are bored in the lower support around the rotating shaft, and a separating tube containing a filtration element is inserted into each of the guides. A communication passage, which is arranged in a liquid-tight manner above the liquid hole, and which connects the inside of the filtration element in each separating tube and the secondary chamber with the same number of filtration elements as the number of filtration elements in the upper support, and the rotation shaft. The drain hole is connected to at least one of the plurality of liquid guide holes and a drain discharge hole bored in the lower part of the rotating shaft. A backwashing gas nozzle is inserted into the drain discharge hole so that it can be sequentially communicated with the drain passage,
Backwashing the first filtration element with backwashing gas by communicating the gas nozzle insertion portion with an opening provided in the upper support penetrating portion of the rotating shaft so as to be able to communicate with the first communication path. A backwash type filter characterized by the following features: 2) The inside of the casing is divided into three chambers, upper, middle and lower, by two upper and lower supports, a liquid inlet is provided in the lower primary chamber, and a liquid outlet is provided in the upper secondary chamber, approximately at the center of the casing and each support. A rotating shaft is disposed through the lower support body around the rotating shaft, and three or more liquid guide holes are bored in the lower support body around the rotating shaft, and a separating tube containing a filtration element is inserted into the upper side of each liquid guide hole. A communicating passage, which is arranged closely, and which connects the inside of the filtration elements in each of the separating tubes and the secondary chamber with the same number of filtration elements as the number of filtration elements in the upper support, and an upper support penetrating portion of the rotating shaft. and at least one of the plurality of liquid guide holes and a drain discharge hole bored in a lower part of the rotation shaft are sequentially communicated through a drain discharge channel. and insert a backwashing gas nozzle into the drain discharge hole,
Backwashing the first filtration element with backwashing gas by communicating the gas nozzle insertion portion with an opening provided in the upper support penetrating portion of the rotating shaft so as to be able to communicate with the first communication path. Further, a communication passage communicating with the opening provided in the upper support penetrating portion of the rotation shaft is connected to an adjacent communication passage, and a gas and filtered liquid are provided so as to surround the upper part of the rotation shaft. A flow path leading to the small chamber is bored in the rotating shaft, and the small chamber and the secondary chamber are communicated with each other by an outflow hole having a valve that opens and closes by the pressure of the filtered liquid, and a small chamber is provided in the upper cover. A backwash filter characterized by connecting an openable and closable gas vent pipe that communicates with the filter.