JPS62243958A - Excitation burning method and exciting device for hydrocarbonic fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve fuel flammability by exciting a hydrogen atom and a methyl radical in the composition of hydrocarbonic fuel, and an oxygen atom in combustion air using a static magnetic field and a high-frequency electromagnetic field crossing at a right angle to the said static magnetic field. CONSTITUTION:A fuel pipe 1 made of non-magnetic material is connected to a proper part of a fuel piping system through a tube fitting 8, and a coil 2 wound on the fuel pipe 1 is held between both poles of a permanent magnet 3 or of the magnetic pole 21 of a direct current electromagnet. A high frequency oscillator 9 is connected to the said coil 2, and a hydrogen atom and a methyl radical in the composition of hydrocarbonic fuel oil passing through the fuel pipe 1 are excited by a high-frequency electromagnetic field until they attain a high energy level, and then are supplied to an engine or the like.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (A) Industrial Application Field This invention is directed to hydrocarbon fuels, which are the main fuels of various heat engines powered by combustion energy, and hydrogen atoms in combustion air. This article relates to a combustion method and an excitation device for effectively utilizing fuel and reducing harmful components in exhaust gas by exciting methyl radicals and oxygen atoms to cause active combustion. Compared to improved technology, it is characterized by a simpler installation method, wider range of device applications, and economical operating costs, and improves fuel consumption rate, making it the most needed and uneconomical harmful exhaust gas treatment device. It is possible to reduce the load and extend the operational period.

It is also possible to reduce the amount of harmful exhaust gas in diesel engines, etc., for which the application of exhaust gas treatment devices has been postponed in the past.

(B) Conventional techniques Conventional techniques for improving the combustibility of petroleum fuels by applying a permanent magnet magnetic field to them can be broadly classified into the following types depending on their intentions.

CI) It aims to improve combustibility by affecting the fuel in some way through the effect of a magnetic field, and examples of technologies that have been announced so far include: Japanese Patent Publication No. 38-9354, Patent No. 120694, Patent No. 1172559, etc.

As a typical example, see Patent No. 1172559, in which a non-magnetic fuel pipe is sandwiched between the poles of a permanent magnet and placed in the fuel pipe system, and the atomized fuel particles are made fine by the action of the magnetic field. It is assumed that efficient combustion will occur.

There are research reports regarding this device, for example: - Report of the Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry A277025 1985.3 - 6 Energy Conservation Magazine 1982, Vol. 31j≦
10. P, 37 "Effects of Magnetic Field Treatment Combustion of Liquid Fuels" 6 Fuels and Combustion Magazine, 1982. Vol. 45, No. 1, P. 44 "Improvement of Combustion Efficiency by Magnetization of Fuel Oil", 1982. Volume 49, No. 6, P, 1 “Effects of magnetic field treatment device used for fuel combustion”, 1982.
Volume 51, No. 7, P. 1, etc., and when we summarize these reports and research contents, we find that: ・The fuel composition slightly shifts from high molecular weight to low molecular weight ・Flammability at low excess air ratio improves.

・Reduces soot and unburned hydrocarbons in exhaust gas.

- Combustion temperature and thermal efficiency show an improving trend.

・The fuel consumption rate of gasoline engines will improve.

Next, regarding matters that are relatively correlated and uncertain, there are two theories: - The existence of an appropriate magnetic field based on a random periodic correlation between the magnetic field strength and the amount of soot emitted, and the proportionality theory of magnetic field strength. - The effect is only on light oil. , there is a conflict between the theory that there is no effect on heavy oil, the completely opposite theory, and the theory that it is effective against everything.

・Although the conditions are unknown, it may have the opposite effect from the beginning. Or it shows no effect.

・Due to the residual magnetic effect, the effect may not be reproducible or may have the opposite effect.

・For diesel engines, there are conflicting theories: one says the effect disappears because it is pressurized by the fuel injection pump, and the other says it has an effect on fuel consumption and exhaust gas.

(2) Next, as a technique for obtaining some effect by influencing fuel oil by the action of a magnetic field, for example, there is ・Japanese Patent Publication No. 49-39485. This is a structure in which a steel fuel pipe is sandwiched between the magnetic poles of a permanent magnet and arranged in a fuel pipe system.

The magnetic field is said to have the effect of splitting and fragmenting asphterthene micelles in fuel oil and reducing sludge.

The research report on this technology is as follows: - Japan Marine Equipment Development Association (Foundation), December 1982, P. 17 “Report on development project of fuel oil magnetic field treatment and purification device” Kobe University of Mercantile Marine 1982 “Heavy oil Research on the dispersion of sludge by magnetic field treatment,” Journal of Fuel Oil and Combustion, Vol. 49, No. 7, p. 35, “Disintegration of sludge micelles and elimination of sludge by magnetization of fuel oil,” etc. By organizing and integrating these descriptions, we get
It will look like below.

・The effect is proportional to the magnetic field strength.

- A period of time (about 1 to 10 days) is required for the effect to appear.

・The cleavage of asphaltene micelles takes place under the influence of a magnetic field.
Fuel flow is required.

・Sludge is reduced.

・A decrease in viscosity appears.

(C) Problems to be solved by the invention Magnetic processing technology among the combustion improvement technologies that have been developed in the past is still young and in the process of development, and its logical structure has not yet been established. Therefore, as mentioned above, it is not possible to take technically established measures to deal with the unstable and weak effects of magnetic processing, and only exploratory measures have been taken.

There are many documents and reports regarding this technology, and industry has high expectations for it as a simpler and more economical technology than other combustion improvement technologies, and much effort has been devoted to the development of this technology. However, the current situation is that it has not yet solidified its foothold as a stable technology.

In response to these demands, the present invention aims to clarify problems that have not yet been clarified, namely, the behavior of fuel composition atoms in a magnetic field and the behavior of fuel composition atoms affected by a magnetic field during the combustion reaction process. It was invented to meet the expectations for magnetic processing technology that can produce stable effects.

(D) Means for solving the problem The conventional magnetic processing technology described above can be expected to have superior effects compared to its simple device. However, there are still problems that need to be clarified and resolved.

(1) Regarding the excited combustion method of claim 1 in the present invention, the behavior of hydrogen atoms in the hydrocarbon fuel composition, free methyl radicals, and oxygen atoms in the combustion air in a magnetic field, and the combustion reaction As a result of elucidating the reaction mechanism of hydrogen compound radicals, which are important intermediate products in the process, we succeeded in stably and reliably improving combustibility and reducing unburned hydrocarbons and soot in exhaust gas. And,
The hydrogen atoms in the hydrocarbon fuel composition in the excited state, the free methyl radicals and the oxygen atoms in the combustion air are the more active constituent atoms of the hydride radicals, which are active intermediates in the combustion reaction. At the same time, electromagnetic waves are emitted due to the atomic relaxation phenomenon, and the excited combustion reaction progresses.

(2) To explain the configuration of the fuel excitation device in claim 2 (a), it is used as a means for exciting hydrogen nuclei in a hydrocarbon fuel composition and supplying it to combustion equipment, as shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, a coil (2) made of an appropriate number of insulated wires is connected to a non-magnetic fuel pipe (1) connected to an appropriate part of the fuel pipe system using a pipe joint (8) using a permanent magnet ( 3), or sandwiched between the two poles of a DC electromagnet pole piece (21), and the high frequency oscillator (9) and the coil (2) are connected by an electric wire.

(3) To explain the configuration of the excitation device in Section 2 (b) of the Patent Research Standard, it excites the orbital electrons of hydrogen atoms and free methyl radicals in the hydrocarbon fuel composition and oxygen atoms in the combustion air. As a means of supplying the combustion equipment, the second
As shown in the figure, a fuel pipe (20) made of a magnetically permeable material or a combustion air pipe (24) is connected to an appropriate part of the fuel pipe system or combustion air pipe system using a pipe joint (8). , sandwiched between the poles of a permanent magnet (3) or a magnetic pole piece (21) of a DC electromagnet, and a high-frequency electromagnetic wave oscillator placed at right angles to the fuel pipe (20) or the combustion air pipe (24) at the center of the sandwiched part. (23
) waveguides (22) are vertically disposed abutting each other.

(D) Working hydrocarbon fuel is a mixture of hydrocarbon compounds with the chemical formula OnHtm, On&nming, starting with methane with nwl, gasoline with n-5 to 8, and n-9 to 17.
kerosene, light oil as a mixture of n-18 and above;
Separated into heavy oil, etc.

Applying a composite magnetic field of a static magnetic field and a high-frequency electromagnetic field to fuel or air is an exciting action at the atomic level of hydrogen molecules in the fuel composition or oxygen molecules in the air composition,
Excited combustion is the action of activated molecules, dissociation at the atomic level, and ionic bonding.

(1) To explain the excited combustion action in claim 1, hydrocarbon fuel reacts with oxygen to become carbon dioxide and water, exhibiting an exothermic reaction.

There are many studies on the combustion reaction process, but the composition is 0aH2.
Although it is difficult to elucidate because it is a mixed substance of n, 0nHtv+◆,
Sankyo Publishing ■, 1972. :r, N, BR-ADLEY
The mechanism will be explained based on research on the methane combustion process by Suga et al.

Methane first combines with oxygen due to the heat of ignition (!Hsa
and HOz・ radicals are generated.

OHa +Og→ OH9・+Hot・followed by Hog
m radical reacts with methane to form H2O2 and C+H
3. Generate radicals.

How・+OH4→H40z +OHs・OHa・ The radicals generated from the above process become the starting point of a combustion chain reaction, as shown in FIG.

C+H3・radical reacts with 02 to form OH50w・
Generate radicals. 0HsOt・ decomposes to HOHO
, becomes a φOH radical, reacts with new (H4,
Generates CHB radical and performs direct chain reaction.

-OH radicals promote combustion propagation and produce HOHO, a degenerate branching intermediate. HCHO further reacts with 02 to generate OHO radical and HfO2. CO reacts with O radical to become Cot, and H2O2 becomes 0.
- It becomes radicals and HzO, and combustion is completed.

Furthermore, for example, ``Combustion analysis through intermediate products in the compressibility fiM of 6 gasoline engines'' (``Fuel and Combustion'' magazine, 1982, Vol. 45).

According to No. 12, P. 46), C+H3 radicals play an important role in the ignition stage of methane combustion. OH! in a mixed gas of air and hydrocarbon fuel such as gasoline, kerosene, light/heavy oil, etc.・The presence of radicals makes it possible to ignite at a lower temperature and pressure than the ignition temperature and pressure of a general compression ignition engine, and Semenov explained that if the concentration of radicals is high, the ignition region expands.
Hinge Elwood Study (SICMENf) V.

“50MICPROBI+1!: M S OF
OH-EM engineering CAL K engineering NICT
lO3,ANDREAACTIVITY''vob,II
1959゜-HrNSHELWOOD, '1
'HKRK-AOT 工 ON BETWEEE
N HYDRO-GEN AND OX
YGMN” 0XIPORDvNxv, 1934.
) is quoted from.

In addition, combustion experiments have shown that ・OH, O
It has been revealed by spectroscopic analysis that radicals such as ) i., 02., etc. are generated.

As the name suggests, the various radicals generated in the combustion reaction process are active substances. When excited to an energy level with sufficient relaxation time and burned, each radical generated has a higher energy level than normal radicals. In other words, it becomes a more active radical. If we look at this from the n-theory, the radius of the electron orbit of a hydrogen or oxygen atom expands, it becomes an unstable orbit with a high energy level, chemical reactions proceed more actively, and combustion can be promoted, which means that the frontier orbital It is clarified by theory.

Furthermore, when electrons in high-level, unstable orbits return to stable orbits, they radiate the energy they possess as electromagnetic waves, and it is clear that electromagnetic waves activate chemical reactions as an action of electromagnetic waves. That's the place.

(2) To explain the operation of the excitation device in claim 2 (a), a hydrogen nucleus has an angular momentum knee 172 of nuclear spin and a magnetic moment μ, as shown in FIG. 8(a). It can be regarded as a rotating particle with an electric charge. In its natural state, the rotational axes are oriented in arbitrary directions, and there is no magnetism as a whole.

As shown in FIG. 8(1), when the nucleus is placed in an external magnetic field B, the nucleus is oriented along the direction of the magnetic field, and Larmor precession is induced. At this time, the nucleus acquires Zeeman level energy ΔExfr:.

ΔI1 γ・h/2㇠・B At this time, γ: gyromagnetic ratio h blank constant B: Magnetic field strength Larmor's precession period number V is )I-B@7/27C It is expressed as

Conventional magnetic processing technology is at this stage and gradually returns to its original state when the magnetic field is removed.

In the nucleus that has reached the Zeeman level, as shown in Figure 8 (0),
When a high-frequency pulsed magnetic field with a periodicity of V is applied perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field B, the nucleus absorbs the energy of the pulsed magnetic field, becomes oriented along the direction of the magnetic field lines of the pulsed magnetic field, and precesses with a periodicity of Z. induce movement. That is, it causes nuclear magnetic resonance.

A nuclide exhibiting a nuclear magnetic resonance phenomenon corresponds to one in which either the atomic number or the mass number is an odd number.

Hydrogen nuclei in fuel compositions do not exhibit nuclear magnetic resonance and are the most common nuclei.

The energy absorbed by this nuclear magnetic resonance is ΔErL
Then, it is expressed by the following formula.

ΔEs=γ・h/2・B Therefore, the total energy acquired by nuclear magnetic resonance, ΔE, is as follows: ΔE=ΔEz+ΔE−2(γ・h/2・B). When the applied magnetic field is removed, the absorbed energy ΔK is radiated and relaxed as electromagnetic waves, as shown in FIG. 8(d). Relaxation time is proportional to acquired energy.

This device works to excite nuclear magnetic resonance with the necessary relaxation time in the hydrogen atoms in the hydrocarbon fuel composition during the fuel supply process.

(3) To explain the operation of the excitation device in claim 2 (b), as shown in FIG. It goes around with. Electrons have their own spin and rotate. The ring current generated by the rotation of electrons behaves like a magnet, and therefore has a magnetic moment βO. Since the electron has a negative charge, the mass and current rotate in opposite directions. The electrons in most molecules, ions, and solids come in pairs. An electron that does not have an electron to pair with is called an unpaired electron, and it has already been clarified that a methyl radical has one unpaired electron and an oxygen molecule has two unpaired electrons. The hydrogen atom is the simplest radical and has one unpaired electron. A group of radicals with a magnetic moment above usually has a disordered orientation, and the group as a whole does not have a magnetic moment.

As shown in FIG. 9(b), a magnetic field B is applied to the radical group.

When applied downward, each electron orients its axis of rotation along the direction of the magnetic field. When the magnetic moment is β0, the energy acquired by upwardly oriented electrons is
o), and the downward electron is 14wa-β6Bl+,
The total acquired energy ΔEs is expressed as the difference between the two orientation energies.

ΔllCs wllK+ -E2驕2β. Ba In this state, when electromagnetic waves are irradiated to this group of radicals as shown in Figure 9 (C), if the periodicity of the electromagnetic waves satisfies Bohr's oscillation condition, 2β, 136 wm hV6, some of the radicals changes direction and its level rises. If 1 energy obtained by excitation by electromagnetic waves is A, then A (Blh'/2 K) (N6H! 11;,
7T) Here, BI: The square of the sine between the electromagnetic wave strength Ha and the magnetic field BO: Stefan-Boltzmann constant No = amount of radicals Ho: Electromagnetic wave strength T: Absolute temperature Total amount of energy acquired by radicals S is expressed as ΔICs+A, and as shown in FIG. 9(d), when this composite electromagnetic field is released, the absorbed energy is transferred to the period number t. It is radiated and relaxed as an electromagnetic wave. The relaxation time is proportional to the energy gained.

In the process of supplying fuel or combustion air, this device excites the orbital electrons of hydrogen atoms, free methyl radicals, and oxygen atoms in the fuel composition to an energy level with the necessary relaxation time using electron spin resonance. It has the effect of

(K) Effects of the Invention The effects of the present invention will be explained with reference to examples. As shown in FIG. The burner (16) of the combustion furnace (7), the gasoline engine of a passenger car (13), and the marine diesel engine α5) were used as test specimens. did. The magnetic field strength of the excitation device is 1500 Gauss at the center of the tube, and the number of oscillation cycles of the high frequency oscillator (9) is the theoretically calculated value of 15.4M.
Hz, and the output power is 50W.

FIG. 10 shows the case when applied to a burner for a combustion furnace.
This is a comparison diagram showing the soot concentration in the exhaust gas for each type of oil using a barrack smoke number. If the standard operating soot concentration is 2.5 degrees, the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas is 26.5 degrees for kerosene. 9%, A heavy oil 28.3%, C heavy oil 26°4
It can be seen that combustion is possible with a value less than %. This shows that if the excess air ratio remains the same as before, soot and smoke will decrease.From a different perspective, if the soot and smoke concentration remains the same,
The excess air ratio can be lowered, which in turn reduces nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas. Figure 11 shows the exhaust gas analysis for each fuel type using a dedicated burner for each fuel oil type. FIG. The discharge rate of kerosene and A heavy oil is almost zero, and even in the case of zero fuel oil, if the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas is increased to 6 to 8%, the amount of unburned hydrocarbons becomes a value close to zero.

FIG. 12 is a measurement graph of the annual running fuel consumption rate of a 1800 aa gasoline engine passenger car, in which each value is plotted by switching the device every half month. The average annual improvement rate is 15%. This is because when driving around town, there are many opportunities for idling, acceleration, and deceleration, which increases the combustibility of rich air-fuel mixtures and improves fuel efficiency.

Fig. 16 is a pressure diagram of the same passenger car engine at no load and low speed rotation, but shows an increase in maximum combustion pressure of about 28%,
This also shows the effect of improving combustibility due to the rich air-fuel mixture at low rotation speeds, which is a characteristic of gasoline engines. On the graph, the improvement in area horsepower is 12.6%.

FIG. 14 is a record of continuous measurement of exhaust gas concentration by J Engineering S of the same gasoline engine. It can be seen that changes in the concentrations of 00, 00z, and He hardly appear during constant speed, but clearly decrease during idling, acceleration, and deceleration.

Figure 15 shows the values of co, coli, and HC in Figure 14,
This is converted into a time-average concentration and made into a comparison table, showing the effect of improving flammability.

FIG. 16 is a measurement graph of the annual fuel consumption rate of a medium-speed marine diesel engine, in which the respective values are plotted by switching the device every half month. In the case of marine engines, since they mainly use heavy oil as fuel, they are sufficiently preheated, and there are no seasonal fluctuations, resulting in an average annual improvement of 11%.

FIG. 17 is a pressure diagram of the same marine diesel engine at 1/4 output, showing that the maximum combustion pressure increased by about 26%, and the improvement rate in area horsepower was over 10%.

FIG. 18 is a graph of measured values similarly obtained by changing the direction of smoke transmission of exhaust gas. The average reduction rate was 75%, indicating the effect of improving combustibility at each stage.

(IP) Other Examples Example 1゜The aeration air of a device that uses oxygen molecules in the air as a reactant, such as a wastewater treatment device, is as shown in Fig. 19, as defined in Claim 2 (A). By attaching an excitation device to the blast pipe and exciting the oxygen molecules in the aeration air, the oxidation reaction can be promoted and the aeration capacity can be increased.

Example 2 In chemical reactions in which hydroxyl groups, bases, etc. are the main active substances in chemical reactions and it is inappropriate to accelerate the reaction by heating, or in hydroponic cultivation, etc., the solution piping system shown in Figure 20 is used. As shown, the excitation devices according to claim 2 (a) and (b) are provided to excite hydrogen atoms and other radicals, thereby promoting chemical reactions or fertilizer effects.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial sectional and front view of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line I-1' in FIG.
FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of another excitation device of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a front view of another excitation device of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the n-ms line in FIG. 4. is the fourth
Figure 7 is a combustion chain reaction diagram. Figure 8 is a nuclear magnetic resonance diagram. Figure 9 is an electron spin resonance diagram. Figure 10 is a soot concentration measurement. Graph Figure 11 is a graph for measuring the amount of unburned hydrocarbons. Figure 12 is a graph of fuel consumption when running a gasoline-powered vehicle. Figure 13 is a cylinder pressure diagram for a gasoline-powered passenger car. Figure 14 is a graph for gasoline-powered passenger cars and exhaust gas. Measurement graph Figure 15 is a gasoline engine passenger car, exhaust gas conversion time average concentration comparison table Figure 16 is a marine diesel engine fuel consumption rate graph Figure 17 is a marine diesel engine cylinder pressure diagram Figure 18 is a marine diesel engine cylinder pressure diagram Diesel engine exhaust gas, smoke degree measurement graph FIG. 19 is a front view of another example 1 FIG. 20 is a system diagram of another example 2 1...Non-magnetic fuel pipe, 2.
... Coil, 3... Permanent magnet, 4... Fuel pipe, 5.
... Insulator 6 ... Φ core, 7 ... Fixing bolt, 8 ...
... Pipe joint, 9... High frequency oscillator, 10... Connector, 11-... Power supply, 12... Vaporizer, 13...
Gasoline engine, 14... Fuel injection pump - 15... Diesel engine, 16... Burner, 17...
Φ Combustion furnace, 18... Electromagnetic coil, 19... DC power supply, 20... Magnetically permeable fuel tube, 21... Electromagnet magnetic pole piece, 22... φ Waveguide, 26... High frequency Electromagnetic wave oscillator, 240 magnetically permeable air tube,

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) Excite the hydrogen atoms or free methyl radicals in the hydrocarbon fuel composition and the oxygen atoms in the combustion air by appropriate means to an energy level with the necessary relaxation time and burn them. An excited combustion method characterized by: (2) (A) A coil (2) with an appropriate number of insulated wires wound around a non-magnetic fuel pipe (1) is clamped and fixed between the poles of a permanent magnet (3) or a DC electromagnet pole piece (21). Then, a high-frequency pulse current proportional to the magnetic field strength is supplied to the coil (2) from a high-frequency oscillator (9), and a static magnetic field and a high-frequency electromagnetic field perpendicular to this are applied to the hydrocarbon fuel in the fuel pipe (1). 1. An excitation device for hydrocarbon fuel, characterized in that hydrogen atoms in the fuel composition are excited by (b) Fuel pipe (20) or combustion air pipe made of magnetically permeable material (
24) with a permanent magnet (3) or a DC electromagnet pole piece (21).
) is clamped and fixed at both poles of the fuel pipe (2), and the fuel pipe (2
0) or perpendicular to the combustion air pipe (24), a high frequency electromagnetic wave waveguide (22) is arranged, and a high frequency electromagnetic wave oscillator (23) is installed.
), a high-frequency electromagnetic wave proportional to the magnetic field strength is transmitted through a waveguide (2
2), the fuel composition is determined by irradiating the fuel pipe (20) or the combustion air pipe (24) and applying a static magnetic field and high-frequency electromagnetic waves orthogonal to the hydrocarbon fuel or combustion air inside the pipe. The excitation device according to claim 2(a), characterized in that it excites hydrogen atoms and free methyl radicals in the combustion air, or oxygen atoms in the combustion air.