JPS62234000A - Large area capacitor loudspeaker - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention is a large-area capacitor loudspeaker within the entire frequency range that can be detected by human hearing, the diaphragm being made of metal, a conductive synthetic resin, or a conductive surface. The diaphragm has a foil of approximately 3 to 10 μ thick made of synthetic resin, the diaphragm being a flexible two-way membrane located in parallel planes and provided with an opening for sound transmission. It relates to a type in which the electrodes are arranged almost without stress.

PRIOR ART A loudspeaker of this type with a flexible electric shell is already known from US Pat. No. 3,345,469. The flexibility of the loudspeaker is achieved in that the loudspeaker is assembled from relatively small individual elements or is divided into relatively small loudspeaker elements.

Said division is effected by transverse ribs, which extend parallel to the sides of the rectangular speaker structure. This allows the speaker structure to be rolled up around the axis in the form of a roll-up blind. For example, diagonal 11
A further deformation possibility centered on 1111t parallel to 11 or a deformation corresponding to a dome-shaped curvature is not available in the case of known loudspeakers. However, for reasons of space and/or also for acoustical reasons, it may be advantageous if the loudspeaker can be deformed about at least two mutually perpendicular axes.

Another disadvantage of the known swivels is that they require a gas charge which must always be reliably sealed at the edges.

The creation of such a sealing action is laborious and requires careful attention, otherwise the gas cushion will lose its effectiveness relatively quickly and the suction force will become unusable.

The large condenser speaker described in U.S. Pat. No. 2,934,612 has a curved section about an axis parallel to two opposing sides. This curve is immutable. The corresponding type/box is the American Congregation 14I mentioned at the beginning? As in the case of the loudspeaker described in Japanese Patent No. 3,345.469, it is manufactured from metal. Due to its small mass, natural movements of the electrodes are not avoided, which can lead to poor sound quality in some cases.

In view of these four points, V ISO Patent No. 513.
No. 686 proposes the use of soft metals, such as lead or tin or soft metal alloys, as material for the corresponding electrodes in electrostatic transformers. This proposal can only be used for small miniature electrostatic transformers, and for large area capacitor loudspeakers, the use of lead, for example, would result in a very small weight, which, apart from the difficulty of transport, would make it difficult to use such a device in a living space. Installing loudspeakers is not possible due to the relatively little supporting effect of the floor.

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION The object of the invention is to be able to be arbitrarily deformable in all directions, reproduce frequencies in the entire audible range uniformly, be easily manufactured, have a relatively low weight and be non-destructive. It is an object of the present invention to provide a deformable large-area condenser speaker that does not cause any problems in delivery or installation.

Means for Solving the Problem The means of the invention for solving this problem is such that the corresponding electrode consists of an electrically conductive or surface-conductive elastically flexible synthetic resin material with high mass inertia. The diaphragm, which is provided with a high voltage safe a-no on the surface of the corresponding electrode, and which is located in the neutral zone during bending,
By means of supporting elements arranged or formed on the corresponding electrodes or by means of sound-transparent, preferably flexible inserts, the corresponding electrodes are spaced at a distance of 0.5 yux to 6'' to the corresponding electrodes. At the point.

Resistance is best understood in terms of the concept of "mass inertia," and an object resists positional change by the action of a pulse-like force, based on its specific gravity and without considering the possible frictional resistance. Therefore, all materials with a high specific gravity have a high mass inertia, which is accommodated in the present invention! The material used as the pole must have a specific gravity greater than 1.

Functions and Effects of the Invention Compared with known deformable devices, the present invention has the advantage of being able to be changed arbitrarily. The loudspeaker of the invention does not require gas filling and is therefore not only easy to manufacture, but also does not become unusable due to imperfect sealing.

Embodiment According to one embodiment of the large-area condenser loudspeaker according to the invention, the support element arranged on or formed on the counter electrode has a rib-like shape and is substantially straight with the diaphragm. It is in contact with and extends parallel to the side edge of the rectangular or square speaker. Although in this embodiment the diaphragm is partially supported, it is nevertheless easy to place the fundamental resonance of the partial diaphragm in the range of only a few hundred hertz, resulting in weakly frictionally suppressed oscillations. A system is obtained which, due to the size of the diaphragm, operates with some friction suppression compared to the dynamism with conventional mass damping devices. In this embodiment, the supporting element is preferably fixedly connected to the diaphragm by microadhesion along the line of contact with the diaphragm. "Minor bonding" in this case means bonding over the smallest area using the least amount of adhesive. The rigid connection of the rib-like support elements in the manner described above prevents mechanical disturbances manifesting themselves in the strain rate from occurring.

In another embodiment of the invention, the sound-transparent insert between the diaphragm and the corresponding pole consists of a net-like structure, the structures separating the diaphragm from the corresponding electrode. It has knobs arranged at intervals.

Like the knots, the net-like structure is made of IAM thread or synthetic resin, and in this case the knots have a spherical or oval shape, or a rhombus shape. It's good to have one. The mechanical abutment wD K is connected to the diaphragm by a small amount of adhesive.

According to a further embodiment, the insert separating the diaphragm from the corresponding electrode consists of a perforated, highly sound-permeable, elastic foam material in a manner known per se, in which case it can be used with known loudspeakers. Alternatively, the foam insert can be provided with openings, which preferably lie substantially coincident with one another in the manufactured loudspeaker. In this case it is advantageous to
The foam inserts are fixedly connected to the diaphragm by microgluing at points that are non-readably distributed over the entire surface between the openings. In this case too, due to the openings in the foamed insert, partially supported individual diaphragms are obtained, each of which is fully vibratory on its own. If a circular opening with a diameter of only 1 cnL is provided, a total diaphragm consisting of 1oooo circular partial diaphragms is obtained if the length of the square diaphragm is 1 m.

As in the case of the previously described embodiments with lip-shaped support elements, the fundamental resonance of the individual diaphragms can be placed in the range of only a few hundred hertz here as well.

Assuming a total diaphragm area of 0.5 to 2 m2 in both examples, the arc of the radiation resistance curve increasing with ω2 already ends at 50 to 150 Hz and continues to the 00 section. , there is a shift to speaker systems that suppress friction in this range.

It is additionally clear that the fundamental resonance of the individual diaphragms is further reduced significantly by the air mass resonating with the diaphragms. This means that in the case of a small diaphragm for low frequencies, e.g. 10 crIL diameter, the air mass forced into motion is approximately 3 g, but a diameter of 100 crIL
This results from the fact that for a diaphragm of approximately 50FK increases.

In the case of the loudspeaker according to the invention, the diaphragm is located in the neutral bend j-, but both corresponding electrodes are located outside of it. That is, for example, when winding up a loudspeaker, both corresponding electrodes slide relative to each other. This is because the inner counter electrode has a smaller diameter than the outer counter electrode in each phase of winding. According to a further embodiment of the invention, therefore, the corresponding electrodes are movable relative to each other in one direction within a fixed range. In order to enable this relative movement of the two counter electrodes, the counter electrodes expediently have prismatic projections at their two mutually parallel opposite ends in order to create the entire required distance between the two counter electrodes. and
The protrusions are arranged to slide relative to each other and have slits perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, the slits extending through the corresponding electrodes into a slit Vl and '1r.
In the case of 4-mounted 6-candy Yisu, the diaphragm is no longer located in the neutral bending layer, so this embodiment
A problem arises when the diaphragm and its conductive layer can be stretched without damaging ridges.

According to the invention, the rivets are at least partially replaced by screws, which can be tightened to fix the respective positions of the two corresponding electrodes relative to each other. This is advantageous, for example, when trying to use a speaker with a curved surface. For this purpose, loosen the possibly fixed screws at the two opposite ends of the prismatic configuration of the corresponding electrode, and then bring the force of the screws into the desired shape, and add the screws to this shape. The force is primarily held by hand and possibly through suitable molds. The screws are then tightened, so that no new relative sliding of the corresponding electrodes is possible. This allows the speaker to be removed from the hand or removed from the mold.

In order to supply the diaphragm with an alternating voltage, according to yet another embodiment of the invention, the diaphragm is held electrically insulated from the counter electrode between the prismatic projections of the counter electrode; An insulatedly mounted connection is provided on one side of the diaphragm, the connection being electrically conductively coupled to the diaphragm.

In order to obtain an optimal transmission function, the synthetic resin foil forming the diaphragm is placed on each side of the diaphragm with approximately 1
It should have a high internal friction as well as a sound-transparent synthetic resin with a thickness of ~3 mm. As diaphragm material, plastic foils, which have been used in recent years inter alia for packaging food products, and which have a thickness of approximately 7 μm, have proven suitable, without the softening agent evaporating over time.

In principle, all elastically deformable synthetic resins can be used as materials for the corresponding electrodes, as long as they can be rendered electrically conductive in some way, for example by admixing metal particles.

However, it is also possible to use a non-conductive synthetic resin with a conductive surface. In order to maintain the flexibility for a long time and to obtain the desired and necessary mass inertia, i.e. to increase the specific gravity, it is possible to add fillers to the synthetic resin material for the corresponding electrode, which accordingly improve the desired properties. It's advantageous.

In order to comply with safety regulations and to ensure operational reliability, the corresponding electrodes must be coated with an insulating material. For this reason, a synthetic resin-based material that already has a dielectric breakdown strength of 100V at a thickness of 1μ is suitable. Therefore, a layer thickness of about 100 μm already provides sufficient safety for the high direct and alternating voltages that occur in the case of capacitors.

In order to better hear the acoustic profile in a loudspeaker constructed according to the invention, a thin sound-transparent ji with a thickness of about 6 to 10 μm can be distributed, for example, in a sound-transparent layer with a thickness of about 3n. .

When this thin layer is excited to vibrate, it appears as if a flat sound wave were flowing through the entire sound-transparent layer. As mentioned above, if all the materials involved in the vibration have high internal friction, or if the diaphragm is point-wise or linearly supported, the contact point or contact line is connected to the diaphragm. In this case, the entire vibration system is subjected to a strong damping effect, and as a result, the strain rate is extremely small.

Example The invention will now be explained in detail with reference to the illustrated embodiments.

1 and 2 serve for general explanation and are respectively a schematic side view and a schematic plan view of a loudspeaker according to the invention. In the illustrated embodiment, the loudspeaker has on its upper and lower edges tubular structures 2 and 3, preferably of rectangular or square cross-section. In the following description, this tubular structure will be referred to as terminal parts 2 and 3. Between these two end parts there is provided an actual surface loudspeaker 1, which is assembled from a plurality of layered parts.As can be seen from FIGS. has two counter electrodes 4 between which a diaphragm 7 is supported almost stress-free.The counter electrodes 4 have rubber properties or have a conductive surface facing the diaphragm 7. Good to have.

The two mutually opposite sides of each counter electrode 4 terminate in a prismatic projection 11, so that an intermediate chamber is formed between the two counter electrodes, in the central plane of which the diaphragm 7 is arranged. It is located. For safety reasons, the pole 4 is covered with an insulating layer (T45), which is required to withstand high DC and AC voltages that are inevitable in the case of a capacitor. In modern plastic technology, plastics are already known that are only a few microns thick and can sustain voltages of several thousand volts without breaking down the insulation. Such synthetic resins are advantageously used in the condenser loudspeaker according to the invention in order to render the loudspeaker safe to handle. Since the diaphragm 7 is sealed between the two counter electrodes 40, it is necessary to drill holes or provide an opening 6't- in the counter electrode 4 for sound transmission. The intermediate space between each corresponding electrode 4 and the diaphragm 7 is filled in the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 with a perforated flexible foam insert 8. The foam insert may optionally be completely cut out, and the shape and extent of the cutouts are arbitrary. The diaphragm 7 itself, as already mentioned, is a thin synthetic resin foil with a metal lining.The diaphragm is a foil coated with aluminum or gold; Yes, because gold can be applied thinner than aluminum.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 4 differs from the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 only in that the intermediate chamber between the diaphragm 7 and the corresponding electrode 4 is filled with a foam layer of constant thickness. Instead, the highest point of each knot 9 is bonded to the diamond 7 ram 7 in order to increase the development of the knot 9 or to minimize the strain rate. In this case, of course, microbonding is being carried out, in which the smallest amount of adhesive is present on the smallest possible area. The arrangement of the knotted parts 9 is arbitrary, and depending on the case, they can be arranged so as to coincide with each other and face each other.

According to another embodiment, a corresponding electrode 4 having the shape shown in the side view in FIG. 5 and in the plan view in FIG. 6 is used. This counterelectrode has linear support elements 10 which extend at intervals over the entire surface of the electrode. The support element 10 has an approximately rectangular cross-section at the fiftieth point, but it can also have other cross-sectional shapes, for example trapezoidal, wedge-shaped or similar shapes. Furthermore, the linearly arranged supporting elements 10 can also have interruptions in the longitudinal direction, that is to say wedge-shaped, pyramidal or hemispherical structures distributed over the entire surface of each electrode 4. It is transitioning. In this case as well, it is advantageous to connect the support element in any shape to the diaphragm 7 by microgluing.

Due to the flexibility of the corresponding electrode 4 of the loudspeaker, the loudspeaker can assume different shapes. A curved shape, as shown in perspective view in FIG. 7, is advantageous. This is because, due to the curvature of the radiation surface, high frequency vibrations are radiated at a larger angle than in the case of a flat diaphragm. However, in this case care is taken that when the speaker is bent, the inner electrodes are bent with a smaller radius of curvature than the outer electrodes, so that the corresponding electrodes 4 slide relative to each other. For example, if two corresponding electrodes are immovably fixed at the end part 2 with a diaphragm 7 located between them, a difference in length will have to be compensated in some way at the end part 3 by making a bend. occurs.

This compensability is illustrated in FIG. In the normal case where the loudspeaker is easily hung and practically all layers or counter electrodes are located in one plane, rivets or It is sufficient to provide a hole 12 which is penetrated by a screw. However, such a coupling does not allow for deformation and curvature of the loudspeaker for the reasons mentioned above. In order to eliminate this drawback, as can be seen in FIG. 8, in one of the electrodes, but also the electrode located on the outside during bending, the end of the electrode 4, which is located upwardly in FIG. 8, has a longitudinal slit instead of a simple hole. 13, in which the shaft of the element connecting the corresponding electrode is slidable. Generally, the connections within each slit 13 are fixed in a curved shape.

FIG. 9 shows how the corresponding electrode 4 is connected to one end part 2. The tubular end portion 2 has a projecting strip 16a, which has a ninth
It is fixedly connected to a corresponding electrode 4 located below in the figure. In a simple illustration merely illustrating the principle, a prismatic protrusion 1 on the edge of the corresponding electrode 40 is shown for ease of viewing.
1 is omitted. The counter electrode 4 located above is connected to the end part 2 via a tension spring 15 .

As a result of the downward curvature of the speaker, the tension spring 15 expands accordingly. Since the speaker does not have a large thickness as a whole, the extension of the tension spring 15 is not very large. The slit in which the coupling element 14, which couples the two corresponding electrodes, slides upon bending is not shown, again for the reasons mentioned above.

Electrical connections 16, 17 and 18 also open into the hollow space of the end part 2, which connections are necessary for the operation of the loudspeaker. The hollow space surrounded by the end part 2 can also be used for mounting electrical and/or electronic devices.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 is a schematic side view of a capacitor loudspeaker according to the invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof, FIGS. 3 and 4 are partial cross-sectional views each showing two embodiments, and FIG. 5 is another embodiment. FIG. 6 is a square view of said counter electrode; FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a speaker according to the invention curved into an approximately semicircular shape; FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the counter electrodes connected together; FIG. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a part that supports the corresponding electrode and a device for fixing it. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Speaker, 2, 3... Termination part, 4... Corresponding electrode, 5... Insulating layer, 6... Opening part, 7... Diaphragm, 8... Foam insert, 9... Nodal part, 1
o... Support confectionery, 11... Projection, 12... Hole,
13...Slit, 14...Connecting element, 15...
Tension spring, 16a... strip, 16, 17, 18...
...Connection section procedural amendment (voluntary) May 15, 1986

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A large-area condenser speaker for the entire frequency range that can be detected by the human hearing, with a diaphragm made of metal, conductive synthetic resin, or synthetic resin whose surface is made conductive. The diaphragm has a foil with a thickness of 3μ to 10μ, and the diaphragm is arranged between two flexible corresponding electrodes located in parallel planes and provided with an aperture for sound transmission. In one embodiment, the corresponding electrode (4) is made of an electrically conductive or surface-conductive elastically flexible synthetic resin material with high mass penetration. , the diaphragm (T), which is provided with an insulating layer (5) safe against high voltages on the surface of the counter electrode (5) and which is located in the neutral zone when flexed, is connected to the counter electrode (4).
) or by sound-transparent inserts (8) at a spacing of 0.5 mm to 3 mm with respect to the corresponding electrode (4). A large-area condenser speaker characterized by its remote location. 2. The support element (10) arranged or formed on the corresponding electrode (4) has a rib-like shape;
The speaker according to claim 1, which is in contact with the diaphragm (T) in a substantially straight line and extends parallel to a side edge of the speaker having a rectangular or square shape. 3. Loudspeaker according to claim 2, wherein the support element (10) is fixedly connected to the diaphragm (7) by microadhesion along the line of contact with the diaphragm (7). 4. The sound-transparent insert (8) between the diaphragm (7) and the counter electrode (4) consists of a net-like structure, which connects the diaphragm (7) with the counter electrode (
4) A loudspeaker according to claim 1, comprising spaced apart nodes (9) spaced from each other. 5. The node (9) has a spherical or oval shape, or a diamond shape, and is fixedly connected to the diaphragm (7) in a dotted manner by a small amount of adhesive at the contact point. The speaker according to claim 4, wherein: 6. The insert (8) separating said diaphragm (7) from the corresponding electrode (4) is made of perforated resilient foam, said foam insert (8) further comprising an opening. 2. A speaker according to claim 1, wherein the openings are substantially coincident and opposed within the manufactured speaker. 7. The foam insert (8) is fixedly connected to the diaphragm (7) by microadhesion at points discontinuously distributed over the entire surface between the openings. speaker. 8. A speaker according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the corresponding electrodes (4) are slidable relative to each other in one direction within a fixed range. 9. The corresponding electrodes (4) have prismatic protrusions (11) at two ends facing each other parallel to each other in order to form a necessary interval between the corresponding electrodes, and the protrusions It is slidably arranged and has a slit (13) perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the projection (11), which slit is pierced by a connecting element (14) consisting of a rivet; 9. Loudspeaker according to claim 8, wherein the coupling element couples both corresponding electrodes (4). 10. Loudspeaker according to claim 9, wherein the coupling element (14) is at least partially provided with a screw which fixes the corresponding electrodes (4) in the respective relative mutual position. 11. The diaphragm (7) is held between the prismatic projections (11) of the corresponding electrode (4) while being electrically insulated from the corresponding electrode, and is insulated and attached to one of the corresponding electrodes. 11. A loudspeaker as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the speaker is provided with a connecting part, which is electrically conductively coupled to the diaphragm (7).