JPS622296B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a camera having film feed detection means.

In cameras that use perforated film such as 35mm film, if the film is loaded incorrectly or the film or perforation breaks due to a malfunction during winding, the shutter may be charged during the winding operation. However, an accident may occur in which the film is not fed completely or the film is not fed at all.

In this case, the film counter is often linked to the winding mechanism so that the scale advances regardless of the actual movement of the film, so if the photographer continues shooting without noticing an abnormality in the film advance. This can lead to mistakes such as irregularities in screen spacing or the fact that many images have been printed overlapping each other in one place, only to be discovered after development.

In order to prevent such failures, a friction roller or sprocket that directly contacts the film and rotates as a result is provided in addition to the film counter, and a display member linked to the roller indicates the state of film movement. Are known.

However, such a mechanical display device is limited in its installation position, and the display is only displayed while the film is moving, so the photographer must continue to monitor the display while the film is being wound. This is inconvenient and does not accurately display the amount of movement. Furthermore, when photographing is performed by remote control, it is difficult to convey the display to the photographer.

In this case, the operation of the winding mechanism and the amount of film movement are detected and processed electrically, and only when the film has not moved by the correct amount after the winding operation is completed, a warning is issued or the shutter lock is activated by electrical means. If the mechanism is configured to prevent unnecessary photography by activating the mechanism, there is no need to continue monitoring during the winding operation, and it is especially convenient when a warning display is provided in the viewfinder during continuous photography. Also, in the case of remote control, if the camera is transmitted as an electrical signal, it is possible to warn of abnormalities in film feeding by simply connecting the camera and a display at the operator's hand with a cable.

However, with the above configuration, when the shutter is charged for multiple exposure, a warning display or shutter lock is displayed, which may confuse the photographer or make multiple exposure photography impossible.

Some conventional self-winding camera winding devices are equipped with an operating member for multiple exposure, but even if such a member is not provided, the R
Multiple exposures are possible by freeing the sprocket and preventing film movement by operating a button, and charging the shutter using a winding lever or the like.

Figure 1a shows this point in a block diagram.
To explain the various hoisting devices of ~e, in Fig. 1a, the rotation of the hoisting lever or knob is transmitted to the shutter via the one-way clutch mechanism and the fixed-length feed mechanism, charges the shutter, and charges the shutter. From the middle of the R mechanism (rewinding clutch)
The rotation of the sprocket and the spool feeds the film one frame by the rotation of the sprocket and the spool.

A rotation prevention mechanism is linked to the R mechanism, and when the R mechanism is operated, the sprocket is separated from the fixed length feeding mechanism, and the rotation prevention mechanism acts on the spool to prevent rotation of the spool in the winding direction.

When rewinding, operate the R mechanism. When the rewind shaft is rotated, the sprocket is pulled by the film and rotates freely, and the spool rotates against the friction between the film and the spool shaft, and the film is inserted into the cartridge. It is rewound.

When performing multiple exposures, operate the R mechanism to separate the sprocket from the fixed length feed mechanism, and turn the winding lever or knob.The rotation is transmitted to the shutter, charges the shutter, and is also transmitted to the spool shaft. However, since the spool is prevented from rotating by the rotation prevention mechanism as described above, only the spool shaft rotates against friction, the film does not move, and the shutter button cannot be pressed after the shutter charge is completed. The shutter is released and multiple exposures are performed.

Film counting is carried out by one of the paths indicated by the two-dot chain line, i.e., the sprocket, spool shaft, or fixed length feeding mechanism, but counting is performed by any other path, i.e., by a mechanism activated during the winding operation for multiple exposures. In this configuration, counting is performed even though the film is not fed, so the counter scale does not match the actual number of frames to be photographed.

Next, in the device shown in b, after the sprocket, the clutch mechanism, the spool shaft, and the spool are connected in this order to the R mechanism, and when the R mechanism is operated, both the sprocket and the spool shaft are disconnected from the fixed length feeding mechanism. If you rotate the rewind shaft in this condition, the sprocket and spool will be pulled by the film and rotate freely to perform rewinding.If you turn the winding lever or knob, only the shutter will be charged without moving the film. , multiple exposure is possible. In this apparatus, if the film is counted along the path , the counter scale and the number of photographed frames do not match in the case of multiple exposures.

In c, a clutch mechanism operated by a multiple exposure button is provided between the fixed length feed mechanism and the R mechanism, and the rotation of the fixed length feed mechanism is connected to the R mechanism-sprocket path and the spool shaft through the clutch mechanism. ―
The film is fed along the spool path.

When the R mechanism is operated, only the sprocket becomes free, and when the rewinding shaft is rotated, the spool is pulled by the film and resists the friction between it and the spool shaft, and the sprocket rotates freely to perform rewinding. It can be done. When the multiple button is operated, the clutch mechanism separates the sprocket and spool shaft from the fixed length feed mechanism, so the rotation of the winding lever or knob is transmitted only to the shutter, and the shutter is charged while the film is stopped, allowing multiple exposures to be performed. It becomes possible.

If this device is configured to count the film according to the film path, multiple exposures will cause a discrepancy between the counter display and the actual number of frames to be photographed.

The device d has the same configuration as a except that it does not have a spool rotation prevention mechanism.

Therefore, in order to perform multiple exposures, a special technique is required to prevent the movement of the film by manually restraining the rotation of the rewinding shaft instead of using a rotation prevention mechanism. In this case, the film count is the same as in case a.

E has the same configuration as d except that the shutter is charged via the spool shaft.
A similar technique is required for multiple exposures. The film count is also the same as d.

The present invention directly detects the moving state of the film in a camera that has the various winding devices described above and is capable of multiple exposure, thereby preventing unnecessary shooting when the film is not being fed normally. In addition to displaying a warning or preventing the release of the shutter, the structure is configured so that such a warning or blocking of the shutter release is not performed during multiple exposure.

An embodiment in which the present invention is applied to the conventional hoisting device a will be described below. Figure 2 is a block diagram of the film, and the path through which the rotation of the winding lever is transmitted to the shutter, sprocket, and spool, as well as multiple exposures, are exactly the same as in Figure 1 a. The signal is detected by the film feed detector and sent to the electronic control circuit. After calculation, if the film is normal, the film count is advanced, and if there is an abnormality, a warning is issued or the shutter release is blocked. During multiple exposures, a signal from the R mechanism is input to an electronic control circuit and calculated so that no warning or release is blocked.

To explain in detail with reference to FIG. 3, reference numeral 1 denotes a hoisting lever, which is provided so as to be able to reciprocate at a fixed angle as is well known, and a hoisting shaft 4 provided below an integral shaft 2, and a pawl. They are connected via a one-way clutch mechanism consisting of a wheel 2a, a roller 3, and a casing 4a.

A gear 7 is fixed to the lower end of the hoisting shaft 4, and meshes with a hoisting drive gear train (fixed length feeding mechanism) consisting of gears 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12. The film take-up spool 5 is rotatably fitted around the wind-up shaft 4,
It is frictionally coupled via a spring 6 to a gear 10 which is rotatably supported around the same axis. The sprocket shaft 13 is fitted into the sprocket 25 and the gear 11 to be slidably supported, a pin 13a implanted thereon is fitted into a long groove of the sprocket, and the other pin 13d is inserted into a notched groove 11a provided in the sprocket gear 11. A rewinding clutch (R mechanism) is formed between the drive gear train and the sprocket by engaging and disengaging.
A small diameter portion 13c and a rewind button 13a protruding outward from the bottom of the camera are integrally provided at the bottom of the shaft 13.

As described above, the rotation of the hoisting lever 1 is transmitted via the hoisting shaft 4 and the drive gear train from the gear 12 to the shutter mechanism (not shown) to charge the shutter, and on the other hand, the rotation is transmitted from the gear 11 to the notched groove 11a, It is transmitted to the sprocket via the pin 13d and the shaft 13, and is also transmitted from the intermediate gear 9 to the spool 5 via the spool gear 10 to feed the film.
A well-known winding stop mechanism (shown below) is provided at an appropriate position in the drive gear train, and the winding device stops when the sprocket 25 makes one revolution and one frame's worth of film feeding and shutter charging are completed. . It is assumed that the intermediate gear 9 rotates exactly one rotation or 1/n rotation when the sprocket gear 11 rotates one rotation.

When the rewind button 13a is pushed in the direction of the arrow, the pin 13
d separates from the groove 11a of the sprocket gear, and the sprocket 25 is separated from the drive gear train. At this time, the locking lever 17 is moved to the shaft 1 by the force of the spring 20.
7a to the left and fall into the small diameter portion 13c, engaging with the shoulder portion 13b of the shaft 13, and the return spring 1
Lock the shaft against 5.

A ratchet wheel 5a is fixedly attached to the lower end of the take-up spool 5, and a lever 18 having a pivoted pawl 19 that engages with the ratchet wheel 5a is provided close to the spool, and is pulled by a spring 21 so that its tip 18b is engaged with the ratchet wheel 5a. It is engaged with the tip 17c of the locking lever, and the locking lever 17
rotates around the shaft 18a as the claw 19 rotates to the left.
is pulled by the weak spring 22 and the arm 19c is engaged with the side surface of the lever 18, rotates together with the lever 18, and its tip 19b engages with the teeth of the ratchet 5a, causing the spool 5 to rotate in the winding direction. It becomes a state where it can be prevented.

On the other hand, a release plate 26 is provided at the bottom of the release shaft 24.
is fixed and interlocks with the locking lever 17 via the intermediate lever 23, and when the shutter button 24 is pressed in the direction of the arrow, the sloped part 26a at the tip of the release plate pushes the arm 23c of the intermediate lever 23 and rotates around the shaft 23a. Turn it to the right and push the locking lever 17 with the other arm 23b to release the locking of the subrocket shaft 13, and push the lever 18 via the lever 17 to release the claw 19.
is removed from the ratchet 5a.

Therefore, during normal winding operation, the pawl 19 is separated from the ratchet wheel 5a, and the rotation of the winding lever 1 allows shutter charging and film feeding to be carried out without any problem. When rewinding the film, pressing the rewind button 13a disengages the sprocket 25 from the winding drive train as described above, so when rewinding the film using a known rewind crank or the like, the sprocket is free to follow the film. rotates backwards to
Since the teeth of the ratchet are shaped to allow reverse rotation, the spool is rotated against the frictional force and unwinded without being blocked by the pawls 19.

Also, when taking multiple exposures, press the rewind button 13 after the first shot.
By pressing a, the sprocket becomes free and the pawl 19 engages with the ratchet 5a, as in the case of rewinding.

When the hoisting lever 1 is operated in this state, the hoisting drive gear rotates and the shutter is charged, but the rotation is not transmitted to the sprocket, and the spool rotates because the ratchet 5a is stopped by the pawl 19. The film will not move. Therefore, when the shutter button is pressed, exposure is performed on the same screen.

Although the above configuration is conventionally known, the present invention includes a winding switch for detecting the operating state of such a winding device, a switch that generates a pulse depending on the film feeding state, and a multiple exposure switch. A switch is provided that generates signals when operated, and these signals are calculated by an electronic control circuit so that a warning or shutter lock is issued only when normal film feeding is not performed.

That is, a conductive disc 27 with an insulating member 27a embedded in a part of its periphery is integrally provided on the upper part of the intermediate gear 9, and a contact piece 2 is in constant contact with the disc and its outer periphery.
A winding switch 28 is formed by 8a.
The disc 27 is grounded to the camera body via a gear.

As mentioned above, the intermediate gear 9 rotates exactly one rotation or 1/n rotation while the sprocket rotates once and feeds one frame of film, so the insulating member 27a
are arranged at one place or at 2 to 3 equal positions on the circumference, and adjusted so that they come into contact with the contact piece 28a only at the hoisting completion position (start position), and the conductive plate comes into contact with the contact piece 28a during the hoisting operation. The switch 28 is closed.

In the film perforation path, a perforation switch 32 consisting of two contact pieces 32a and 32b provided to sandwich the film 31 is disposed as shown in FIGS. 5a and 5b, and the perforation switch 32 Each time 31a passes, both contact pieces close to generate a pulse.

The multiple exposure detection switch 29 has two contact pieces 29.
a and 29b, and when the rewind button 13a is pressed, it is pushed closed by a pin 30 implanted in the rewind shaft 13b.

The switch 33 is a switch that detects the open/closed state of the back cover of the camera, and is composed of contact pieces 33a and 33b, and is turned off when the back cover is open and turned on when the back cover is closed.

A contact piece 16 is provided below the shutter release plate 26.
A shutter switch 16 consisting of a and 16b is arranged and is configured to be closed by pressing the shutter button.

Figure 4 shows the signals A, B, and
C, D, and E indicate an electronic circuit system that controls functions such as film feeding abnormality display, film number display, and shutter lock. Signal A from the winding switch and signal B from the perflation pulse switch. and the signal C from the R button are logically ANDed using an AND gate _G2 , and only when the output is H, a warning is displayed or the shutter is locked, indicating that there is an abnormality in film feeding. There is.

In the figure, _G1 is an inverter whose input end is connected to the winding switch 28, and its output end is connected to the AND gate _G2 . _C1 is a counter whose input terminal is connected to the perforation pulse switch 32, and whose output terminal is connected to the R-S flip-flop _G3.
Set terminal S and up-down counter C ₂
connected to the input end of the The reset terminal R of _G3 is connected to the winding switch 28 via a differentiating circuit. _G4 is an inverter connected to the output terminal of flip-flop _G3 and the input terminal of AND gate _G2 . An R button switch 29 is connected to the other input terminal of the AND gate _G2 via an inverter _G5 , and a feeding abnormality display device and a shutter lock device are connected to the output terminal, and an up/down counter is connected to the output terminal.
A film number display device is connected to _C2 via a decoder _d1 .

The back cover open/close switch 33 and the shutter switch 16 are connected to the reset terminal of the counter _C1 via an R-S flip-flop _G6 and a differential circuit.

Next, the operation will be explained.

The counters C ₁ and C ₂ are reset by the first blank release after the film is loaded and the back cover is closed, and the flip-flop G ₃ is reset at the same time as the winding switch 28 is turned on by rotation of the winding lever. When the movement of the perforations starts, the number of perforations is counted by the counter _C1 by the pulse of the switch 32. In the case of normal film feeding, when the winding lever has finished rotating by a predetermined angle, 8 pulses corresponding to one frame of film are applied to _C1 , and all bits of _C1 become 0, and the carry is stopped. It is set in flip-flop _G3 , the output of _G3 becomes H, and the output of inverter _G4 becomes L, which is added to AND gate _G2 .

When winding is completed, the winding switch is turned off and the output of inverter _G1 is H, and as long as the R button is not pressed, the R button switch 29 is off, so the output of inverter _G5 is H, but the gate
Of the three signals added to _G2 , the signal from the perflation switch is L, so the gate
The output from _G2 is L, and neither the feeding error display nor the shutter lock device operates.

At this time, the output of the counter _C1 is input to an up-down counter _C2 , and the number of films is displayed via a decoder _d1 by a number display device (for example, a 7-segment light emitting diode).

Next, if there is an abnormality in film feeding, the eighth pulse will not come to the counter _C1 even after the winding operation is completed. Therefore, no signal is input to _C1 to _G3 , the output of _G3 is L, and the output of _G4 is H. Here, as before, all three signals added to _G2 will be H unless the R button is pressed.
As a result, the output of gate _G2 also becomes H and is transmitted to the feeding abnormality display device or shutter lock device. The feeding abnormality is indicated, for example, by lighting a lamp provided in the viewfinder, and the shutter lock is performed by an electromagnet 37 that operates a lock lever 36 that can be moved in and out under the release lever 26 by an output from the gate _G2 . This is done by preventing the release plate 26 from descending by suction.

The photographer notices that there is an abnormality in film feeding from these displays or the release lock, and pushes up the R button 13a in the direction of the arrow to perform a rewind operation, which closes the switch 29 and turns the inverter off.
An L level signal is input from _G5 to gate _G2 ,
The output of gate _G2 becomes L, and the abnormality display and shutter lock are released.

Next, a case where multiple exposure is performed will be explained.

After taking the first picture as mentioned above, press the R button 13
When a is pressed, the sprocket is separated from the hoisting gear train, and the spool is prevented from rotating in the hoisting direction by the rotation preventing pawl 19. When the winding lever 1 is rotated in the direction of the arrow from this state, only the shutter is charged and the film does not move.

Therefore, there is no pulse in the counter _C1 , and the output of the inverter _G4 is H.However, since the switch 29 is closed by pressing the R button 13a, the signal applied to _G2 is L; result
The output of _G2 becomes L and is not judged to be abnormal.

Up-down counter _C2 selects the down direction count when the R button is pressed, and the up direction count when it is not pressed, decodes the content and displays the number of sheets, and when rewinding, it
The number of displayed images decreases by one each time the number of perforations is counted, but the display does not change during multiple exposure because no signal is received from counter _C1 . The decoder can be constructed so that counter _C2 is reset and the number of film sheets is displayed only after two or three frames have been taken.

6 and 7 show other embodiments of the film feed detector.

In FIG. 6, a light emitter 34 and a photoreceptor 35 are disposed facing each other with a film 31 in between, and each time the perforation 31a passes between them as the film moves, the amount of light received by the photoreceptor 35 changes and pulses. is input to the counter _C1 .

In FIG. 7, a light emitter 34 and a light receiver 35 are placed on one side of the film, and the number of perforations passing through is detected by the light reflected by the film.

In the above embodiment, the multiple exposure signal is generated by the R button switch, but especially in a camera having a multiple exposure operating member, the multiple exposure signal may be generated by the operating member. good.

As described above, the present invention is constructed so that an electronic circuit calculates the signal from the detector that directly detects the movement of the film, the winding signal, and the multiple exposure signal to indicate an abnormality in film feeding. It is possible to provide a camera that can warn a photographer of abnormalities in the camera feed and that does not issue such a warning or release lock during multiple exposures, thereby eliminating the risk of erroneous operation.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a conventional camera hoisting device, FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a hoisting device of the present invention,
3 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the control circuit, FIG. 5 is a detailed view of the film detector, and FIG. 6 is a modified example of the film detector.
FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing still another modification. 1; Winding lever, 13a; R button, 16; Shutter switch, 28; Winding switch, 29;
R button switch, 32; Perflation switch, 33; Back cover open/close switch, G ₁ ; Inverter, G ₂ ; AND gate, G ₃ ; Flip-flop, G ₄ ; Inverter, G ₅ ; Inverter,
G ₆ ; flip-flop, C ₁ ; counter, C ₂ ;
counter.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. In a camera in which both a film winding transmission system and a shutter charge transmission system are driven by the operation of a film winding mechanism, the winding movement of the film perforation when the winding mechanism is operated is provided. a film feed detection means for detecting and generating a winding signal when a predetermined length of film is wound in accordance with the operation of the winding mechanism; and the winding transmission system for performing multiple exposure operations. a clutch mechanism provided in the middle of the clutch mechanism, a clutch switching operation member that operates the clutch mechanism to a disengaged state, and a clutch switching operation member that detects a clutch disengagement operation, and generates a first signal during a non-switching operation and a disengagement operation. and a switch means for generating a second signal when detecting the film feed, and receiving signals from the film feed detecting means and the switch means, the switch means generating the first signal and detecting the film feed. When the winding signal is not supplied from the switching means, a warning operation signal is output to the warning means for warning of an abnormality in film feeding, while when the switching means generates the second signal, The film feed detection means is characterized in that it comprises a discrimination circuit which prohibits the output of the warning operation signal to the warning means when the winding signal is supplied from the film feed detection means. camera. 2. In a camera that drives both the film winding transmission system and the shutter charge transmission system by the operation of the film winding mechanism, the winding movement of the film perforation during the operation of the film winding mechanism is detected, and the winding movement is detected. A film feed detection means that generates a winding signal when a film is wound to a predetermined length according to the operation of the mechanism, and a film feed detection means provided in the middle of the winding transmission system for performing multiple exposure operation. a clutch mechanism, a clutch switching operation member that operates the clutch mechanism to a disengaged state, and a clutch switching operation member that detects a clutch disengagement operation, and generates a first signal during a non-switching operation and a second signal during a disengagement operation. and receiving signals from the film feed detection means and the switch means, the switch means generating the first signal and receiving the winding signal from the film feed detection means. When there is no supply of the shutter release, a blocking operation signal is output to the blocking means for blocking the shutter release operation, while when the switching means generates the second signal and the feeding detection means 1. A camera equipped with a film feed detection means, further comprising a discrimination circuit which prohibits the blocking means from outputting the blocking operation signal when the blocking signal is supplied.