JPS62228437A - Sliding member - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide superior wear resistance and seizure resistance, by providing a sliding member consisting of the primary and the secondary member abutting each other and relatively sliding, by constituting the primary member of a fiber-reinforced metallic composite material in which fibrous reinforcement appears at the sliding surface and which has recessed parts in the matrix surface of the sliding surface, and by constituting the secondary member of a plated metal. CONSTITUTION:The sliding member is composed of the primary and the secondary member abutting each other and relatively sliding. The sliding part of the primary member to the secondary member is constituted of the fiber-reinforced metallic composite material having alumina-silica fibers 1 as fibrous reinforcement and, as a matrix, an Al alloy 2. The above sliding surface 4 is subjected to electrolytical etching and a part of fibrous reinforcement is allowed to appear at the sliding surface, so that recessed parts 3 are formed in the matrix surface at the spaces among the exposed fibrous reinforcement. The average depth Di of the parts 3 is regulated to >=1.5mu and also the ratio of average depth Di to pit diameter Wi is regulated to >=0.01. Moreover, the sliding surface part of the secondary member to the primary member is plated with iron-phosphorus alloy.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The industrial field of application is made up of a first member and a second member that come into contact with the beans and slide relative to each other. In more detail, the present invention relates to a sliding member in which the first member is made of a U & strip reinforced metal composite abrasive material and the second member is made of iron-phosphorus alloy plated metal.

In order to improve the wear resistance and seizure resistance of conventional technology 41 & miscellaneous reinforced metal composite materials, the applicant of the present application has filed the specification of Japanese Patent Application No. 1983 filed by the same applicant as the applicant of the present application. 8 & 1iI (f) formed by electrolytically etching a specific surface of a reinforced metal composite material in which inorganic fibers are reinforced fibers and aluminum alloy or magnesium alloy is used as a matrix, and a part of the reinforcing fibers are exposed on the specific surface. J3 has a recess on the surface of the matrix between the reinforced fibers exposed on the specific surface, the average depth of the recess is 1.5μ or more, and the diameter of the recess is relative to the diameter of the recess. We have proposed a fiber-reinforced metal composite material with an average depth ratio of 0.01 or more.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention The above-mentioned composite materials have excellent resistance to wear, wear, and seizure. When the above-mentioned composite material is applied to a member, depending on the material of the other member, one of the other members may be
There is a risk that debris may enter the γ-wear hanger.

The Ministry of Invention, etc. has proposed a first-use part consisting of a first member and a second member that are in contact with each other and slide relative to each other, and the first member is made of a composite material as described above. configured,
In the case where the second member is made of metal, the results of various experimental studies have been carried out regarding the appropriate characteristics of the metal constituting the second member /J< It has been found that it is preferable to have a specific plating made of metal.

The present invention is based on the findings of various experimental studies conducted by the inventors of the present invention, and is based on the findings of various experimental studies conducted by the inventors of the present invention. The first member is a member for which reinforced navy blue is exposed on the sliding surface.
The IM motion surface matrix is made of 41 & string-reinforced composite material with concave portions on the surface, and the second member is made of plated metal. Our aim is to provide excellent sliding materials.

Means for Solving the Problems According to the present invention, the above-mentioned object is achieved by providing a sliding member comprising a first member and a second member that are in contact with each other and slide relative to each other. The I speech surface portion of the first member, which corresponds to at least the second member, is made of a JJI-reinforced kinkyoku composite material, in which I-free geometric fibers are used as reinforcing fibers and aluminum alloy or magnesium alloy is used as a matrix;
l! When the g-movement is surface-etched, some of the reinforcing fibers are removed. A recess is formed on the surface of the +Wt mark 71 to lix between the reinforcing fibers which are exposed on the surface of the iO mark tS movement, and the average depth of the said recess part is 1°. 5μ or more, and the average value of the ratio of the depth to the opening diameter of the recess is 0.01 or more, and at least one surface portion of the second member of nlf with respect to the first member is made of an iron-phosphorus alloy. This is achieved by a sliding member made of plated metal.

Functions and Effects of the Invention According to the present invention, a part of the reinforcing fibers is exposed to the sliding surface by electrolytically etching the circular rib surface, and 71- between the reinforcing fibers exposed to the sliding surface. Concave portions are formed on the surface of the lix, and the average depth of the concave portions is 1.5μ or more, and the average value of the ratio of the depth to the opening diameter of the concave portions is 0.0.
The first member is made of a fiber-reinforced metal composite material of 1 or more, and the second member is made of a metal plated with an iron-phosphorus alloy that is eroded by special bamboo. The exposed reinforcing fibers reduce the degree of direct contact of the matrix with the second member, and the recesses act as oil reservoirs to ensure the oil retention properties of the composite material. As is clear from the results of the experimental research conducted, it is possible to improve the rubbing resistance and seizure resistance of the two members.

According to the results of experimental research conducted by the present inventors, the average exposed height of reinforcing fibers on a specific surface of a composite material is
If I exceeds 1μ, the surface of the composite material J: will be exposed to reinforcement 1JIN! ,: Excessive abrasion of the mating material actually increases wear (2), and abnormal wear due to shedding of reinforcing fibers becomes more likely to occur. Therefore, according to one detailed feature of the present invention, the average value of the exposed height of the reinforcing fibers on the surface of the composite material constituting the first member is set to 1 μm or less.

Furthermore, according to the results of experimental research conducted by the inventors of Wood Ia, the area ratio of the recesses, that is, the ratio of the total opening area of the recesses to the total area of any arbitrary area of the sliding surface of the composite material, is 5%. If the area ratio of the recesses exceeds 40%, the lubricating oil retained in the recesses will be insufficiently retained on the surface of the composite material. In addition, the strength of the matrix that holds the reinforcing fibers exposed on the surface of the composite material decreases, making it easier for the reinforcing fibers to fall off, increasing the amount of wear on the composite material. Therefore, according to one detailed feature of the present invention, the surface v1 ratio of the recess is 5 to 40%.
is set to

Also, according to the results of experimental research conducted by the inventors of the present application,
The phosphorus content fTtf of the iron-phosphorus alloy plated on the surface of the metal constituting the second member! If it is less than 0.5 wt%, it is impossible to improve the seizure resistance to 1 minute. On the other hand, if it exceeds 15 wt%, the toughness of the plating layer will be low, and the plating will become bitter and peel. Therefore, according to another detailed feature of the present invention, the phosphorus content of the iron-phosphorus mixture is from 0.5 to 1. It is set to 15wt%.

In one embodiment of the invention, the sliding member of the invention is an internal combustion engine, the first member is a cylinder liner,
The second member is the piston.

In addition, in the fiber-reinforced metal composite material of the present invention,
1 may be inorganic fibers such as alumina fibers, ceramic fibers such as alumina-silica fibers, carbon cords, and various metal fabrics (1), and may be either long fibers or short fibers. In addition, the average fiber diameter of the reinforcing fibers is 100μ.
Hereinafter, it is particularly preferable that the reinforcing fiber has a diameter of about 1 to 40 μm, and the body vi ratio of the reinforcing fiber is preferably about 30% or less, particularly about 3 to 15%. Furthermore, the reinforcing fibers are unidirectionally oriented,
It may be any orientation such as two-dimensional random orientation or three-dimensional random orientation, but especially in the case of unidirectional orientation and two-dimensional random orientation, IF? It is preferable that the angle is perpendicular to or as close to perpendicular to the direction of in-plane orientation or the two-dimensional random orientation plane as possible.

Aluminum alloys and magnesium alloys may have any composition as long as they can be electrolytically etched, but in particular aluminum alloys containing silicone
Preferably, the material is an aluminum alloy or a magnesium alloy, which itself has abrasion resistance. Further, the metal constituting the second member may be any metal as long as it is plated with an iron-phosphorus alloy.

Further, the electrolytic solution for the wet etching in the present invention may be a nitric acid aqueous solution or a sodium chloride aqueous solution, and when a nitric acid aqueous solution is used, the concentration, the gap, and the energization are 80 to 160 m, respectively. l/'I, 4.5~
6. It is preferable to set OV, 200 to 450 cour // dm2, and when a d solution is used, its concentration, potential difference, i mountain rt; Fa is 80 to 160 g/ I, 3.0~4.0V, 100~
It is preferable that θf be set to 400 coulombs/dn2.

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the attached figures.

Example 1 1 consisting of two members that contact each other and slide relative to each other
It is a three-shift member, one of which is made of a reinforced metal composite H-needle 31 that has been etched with snow melting.
A seizure test performed on a sliding member in which the other member is made of steel will be explained in comparison with a seizure test performed on a sliding member made of a combination of pond shrines 71.

4'' Alumina-silica 1.4 [ff (55 wt% A + 203, remaining nIs substantially 5iO2) having an average fiber diameter of 2.8μ and an average fiber length of 6 mm is oriented in a substantially three-dimensional random manner. By high-pressure casting using the fiber molded body, alumina-silica fibers with a volume ratio of 8% are reinforced with 4J
A composite material with 71 helices of S, ΔD, and 4) was manufactured. Then, outside this composite material ('f: 25.
6 N+m, inner diameter 20.0 mm, length 16 ml Cylindrical test with one end face as the test surface 1,
The liquid was boiled down to 00μR/.

Next, a 12-hour solution was applied using a nitric acid aqueous solution to form a recess on the surface of the matrix to be tested. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the [01 surface near the surface to be tested of t, :Test 1 (P:) formed in this way, and in the figure C1
indicates alumina-moly fibers (f) as reinforcing fibers, 2 indicates an aluminum alloy as a matrix, and 3 indicates a recess.

In this case, by appropriately setting the rules for electrolytic etching, the average depth Dl of the recesses 3 appearing on any cross section of the test surface + m or is 2.0μ, and the depth relative to the diameter of the recesses 3 is The average value of the ratio of the depth DiD to the opening length Wi of the recess 3 appearing on any new surface of the test surface is 0.02; The average exposed height of the alumina-silica fibers (11-11) is 0.5μ, and the area ratio of the recesses, that is, the area ratio of the composite material (4) The concave portion 3 was formed into a cylinder of 3+17.l in which the ratio of the length Wi to the sum t1 was 2096.

Next, these cylindrical test j1 and electrolytic etching were not performed, so the depth of the recess, the exposed height of the alumina silino J fiber, and the area ratio of the recess were O, to a cylindrical test piece of composite material J. were sequentially set in a thickness 1 mm tester, made of aluminum alloy (JIS Genraku) "\C3P",
The size is 30' x 30 x 5 mm, and each piece (30 x 30n++n) is brought into contact with the surface to be tested of a flat plate test piece, and the contact area of these test pieces is coated with lubricating oil at room temperature. While supplying (castle motor oil 5AE30) and rotating the cylindrical test piece at a rotational speed of 11,000 rpm, press the cylindrical test piece against the flat plate test piece.
A seizure test was conducted in which the load was increased from 0 kg to 600 kg to measure the maximum seizure load. In this seizure test, the silk combinations of the pull cylinder test 11 and the flat plate test piece were as shown in Table 1 below.

Table 1 Note = 1) Hardness 1-IV450 The results of the above seizure test are shown in Figure 2. From this Figure 2, it can be seen that the seizure limit load is low for both the aluminum alloy (combination C) with which the mating material is not plated (combination C) and the aluminum alloy with chrome plating (combination D); Even when the material is an aluminum alloy plated with an iron-phosphorous alloy, the seizure limit load is relatively low when the composite material is not electrolytically etched, but when the composite material is electrolytically etched and the mating material is If it is an aluminum alloy plated with an iron-phosphorus alloy (IE
It can be seen that the seizure limit load is a high value for combination B).

The results of this seizure test show that the combination of electrolytically etched fiber-reinforced metal composite material and metal plated with iron-phosphorus alloy has excellent resistance to seizure.

Example 2 For test piece combinations 8 to D shown in Table 1 above, the load was set at 200 kg (constant) and
A wear test was conducted for 1 hour in the same manner as the wear test.

The results of this wear test are shown in FIG.

In addition, in Figure 3, 1. The upper half shows the wear amount of the cylindrical specimen (I1
The lower half represents the wear amount (wear loss m) of the flat test piece.

From this Figure 3, it can be seen that the wear amount of combination B is smaller than that of the other combinations for both the cylindrical specimen and the flat plate specimen, and therefore, the wear amount of combination B is smaller than that of the other combinations [closed] for both the cylindrical specimen and the flat specimen. It can be seen that the combination with plated metal also has poor jt wear resistance.

Example 3 A study was conducted to find out what range is appropriate for the area ratio of the recesses.

By electrolytically etching the wave test surfaces of the six cylindrical test pieces prepared in Example 1 above under various conditions, cylindrical test pieces E1 to Ea as shown in Table 2 below were obtained.
The phosphorus content was reduced to 4.5% using the same procedure and conditions as in Examples 1 and 2 for each test piece. Aluminum alloy plated with iron-phosphorous alloy (J
Burn-in test and 1f using Is standard △C8A) as the counterpart month
Fl! f! Test was carried out. The results of these tests are shown in Figures 4 and 5, respectively.

Table 2 Bl 1.5 0.02 0゜50B?
1.8 0.02 0.5 213a
2 (1,020,54+14 2 0
．． 02 0.5 6B! l 2 0.
02 0,5 35Ba 2.8 0,
02 0,5 45 From Figure 4, the seizure limit load increases when the area ratio of the recess is about 5 to 40%.
It can be seen that burn-in is less likely to occur. Also, from Figure 5,
It can be seen that the wear amount of the cylindrical test piece and flat plate test piece becomes a low value when the area ratio of the concave portion is 5 to 40% culm.

The results of these seizure tests and abrasion tests show that the area ratio of the recesses is preferably 5 to 40%.

Example 4 A study was conducted to find out what range is appropriate for the phosphorus content of the iron-phosphorus alloy plated on the surface of the metal constituting the second member.

First, seven cylindrical test pieces were formed by electrolytic etching in the same manner as in Example 1 above.

Also, 6fl made of aluminum alloy (J■S standard AC8P) plated with iron-phosphorus alloy with various phosphorus content values! Flat plate test piece of a and 1ff not plated with iron-phosphorus alloy! A flat plate specimen of I was formed.

Next, these cylindrical test pieces and flat plate test pieces were combined and subjected to an abrasion test in the same manner and under the same conditions as in Example 2 above. The results of this wear test are shown in FIG. The 6th
In the figure, the horizontal axis of acid C is the phosphorus content ffi (wt%) of the iron-phosphorus alloy.
) is shown.

From Figure 6, the wear amount of the cylindrical test piece is relatively low in the region where the phosphorus content exceeds 15%, and the wear amount of the cylindrical test piece is relatively low in the region where the phosphorus content is less than 0.5% and exceeds 15%. In this case, the value of [↑wear U] of the flat plate specimen is relatively high, so in order to reduce the wear amount of both the cylindrical specimen and the flat plate specimen, the phosphorus content should be 0.5・-151 %, especially 0.5~
It can be seen that 10vt% is preferable.

In addition, the reinforcing fiber is alumina m<41 (95wt%A+20
3 left &; Practically IC8! Ot, average fiber diameter 3.2μ, average fiber length 8m111), silicon carbide voice strength (average fiber diameter 0.5μ, average fiber length 100μ), silicon nitride small diameter (average 411 thread diameter 0.5μ, average 4J & thread) Good 250μ
) and composite cores whose madrix was magnesium alloy (JIS standard MDC1A) were also subjected to seizure tests and abrasion tests as described in Examples 1 to 4 above, and found that they were electrolytically etched. The combination of fiber-reinforced metal composite material and metal plated with iron-phosphorus alloy has excellent fire resistance and wear resistance, and the area ratio of the concave portion is 5 to 40%. is preferable, and the phosphorus content of the iron-phosphorus alloy is 0.5 to 15 wt%, particularly 0.5 to 15 wt%.
It was found that 10W[% is preferable.

Example 5 - Alumina-silica with a volume fraction of 12% oriented in a substantially three-dimensional random manner using alumina-silica JJj 41 and aluminum alloy used in Example 1 of (e) Cylinder liners made of rough and reinforced aluminum alloy were manufactured by high-pressure & J-molding, and the liners were cast by gravity casting to form four cylinder blocks for a four-cylinder, four-stroke internal combustion engine with a cylinder bore diameter of 80L and 11111 mm. . Next, the cylinder bore of one cylinder block was finished by honing to a surface roughness of 0.6 μRz, thereby forming a cylinder block (exposed height of reinforcing fibers O μ, area ratio of recesses O%). In addition, the cylinder bores of the remaining cylinder blocks were honed to a surface roughness of 0°6 μRz, and then electrolytically etched with a nitric acid aqueous solution.
The average depth of the recess is 1.9 μ, the average depth ratio to the opening of the recess is 0.018, the average exposed height of reinforced U & miscellaneous is 0.3 μ, and the cylinder block has a recess area ratio of 6%. did.

Next, combination 1 of Example 1! When an internal combustion engine incorporating these cylinder cocks and aluminum alloy pistons corresponding to A-D was subjected to a high-speed durability test at 600 rpm for 200 hours, combinations C and D were tested.
It was found that scuffing occurred on the cylinder bore of the cylinder block and the outer circumferential surface of the piston. No scuffing was observed at all.Also, the gamma uniform wear trl of the cylinder bore and the outer circumferential surface of the screw 1-n of the cylinder tab of combination B was less than 2.0μ and 5.0μ, respectively.
On the other hand, the average wear amount of the cylinder bore and outer peripheral surface of the piston of the cylinder block of other combinations is 10 to 30μ and 10 to 30μ, respectively. It was found that the cylinder block and piston of this combination were 5 times more immersed in wear resistance.

In the following, the present invention has been explained in detail in relation to the results of experimental studies conducted by the claimed inventors, but the present invention is not limited to these actual examples. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various other embodiments are possible within the scope of the invention.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing the cross section of the entrance surface of the fiber-reinforced metal composite stone according to the present invention, and Figures 2 and 3 are the results of seizure tests and abrasion tests conducted on various combinations of members, respectively. Figures 4 and 5 are graphs showing the results of the firing test and the wear test, respectively, which were conducted using the area ratio of the recesses on the matrix surface of the composite material as a parameter. The figure is a graph showing the results of a wear test conducted using the phosphorus content of an iron-phosphorus alloy as a parameter. 1... Alumina-silica fiber, 2... Aluminum alloy, 3... Concavity, 4... ...Applicant on the surface: Toyota Automobile Co., Ltd.
Patent Attorney Masatake Akashi Figure 1 I Alumina-Silica Fiber 3 Recesses Figure 2 Figure 3 (50mg) (Voluntary) Procedural Amendment April 28, 1986 Director General of the Patent Office Mr. Ubuya Michibe 2) Invention Relation to the case of the person making the amendment to the name of the name-printing member 3 Patent applicant address 1 Toyota-cho, Toyota City, Aichi Prefecture Name (3)
20) l-Yota Jidosha Co., Ltd. 4, Agent Address: 1-5-19 Shinkawa, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104! /'Agemachi Asaoka Building 3rd floor Tel: 551-41716,
Target of correction In details

Claims (5)

[Claims] (1) A sliding member consisting of a first member and a second member that are in contact with each other and slide relative to each other, and at least the sliding surface portion of the first member relative to the second member is made of inorganic fibers. It is made of a fiber-reinforced metal composite material with reinforcing fibers and an aluminum alloy or magnesium alloy as a matrix, and the sliding surface is electrolytically etched so that a part of the reinforcing fibers are exposed on the sliding surface. A recess is formed on the surface of the matrix between the reinforcing fibers exposed on the sliding surface, and the average depth of the recess is 1.5μ or more, and the ratio of the depth to the opening diameter of the recess is The sliding member has an average value of 0.01 or more, and at least the sliding surface of the second member relative to the first member is made of metal plated with an iron-phosphorus alloy. (2) In the sliding member according to claim 1, the average value of the exposed height of the reinforcing fibers on the sliding surface is 1μ.
A sliding member characterized by the following: (3) The sliding member according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the area ratio of the recess is 5 to 40%. (4) In the sliding member according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the phosphorus content of the iron-phosphorus alloy is 0.5.
A sliding member characterized in that the content is 15 wt%. (5) In the sliding member according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the first member is a cylinder liner for an internal combustion engine, and the second member is a piston. A sliding member characterized by: