JPS6222619B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6222619B2 JPS6222619B2 JP9320679A JP9320679A JPS6222619B2 JP S6222619 B2 JPS6222619 B2 JP S6222619B2 JP 9320679 A JP9320679 A JP 9320679A JP 9320679 A JP9320679 A JP 9320679A JP S6222619 B2 JPS6222619 B2 JP S6222619B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- outer shell
- glass
- resin
- crystallized glass
- present
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000011494 foam glass Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 13
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000238413 Octopus Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910018068 Li 2 O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007718 adhesive strength test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 210000004268 dentin Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Dental Prosthetics (AREA)
Description
本発明はレジンを芯材とし、その表面を結晶化
ガラス、泡ガラス又は半透明ガラスからなる外殻
で被覆した人工歯とその製造法に関する。
従来の人工歯には、レジン歯と陶歯があるが、
前者は摩耗しやすく、変色もしやすいという欠点
があり、一方後者は衝撃力に弱いため欠けやす
く、義歯床用レジンとの接着性も悪いという欠点
があつた。
本発明はレジンを芯材とし、その表面を結晶化
ガラス、泡ガラス又は半透明ガラスからなる外殻
で被覆することにより、耐摩耗性に優れているば
かりでなく、変色の虞れもなく、また衝撃にも強
い耐久力を備え、しかも義歯床用レジンとの接着
性も良光な新規な人工歯とその製造法を提案せん
とするものである。
本発明の人工歯に於て、その芯材としては従来
のレジン歯を製造する際に汎用される熱硬化性合
成樹脂又は室温即重合性の合成樹脂が何れも使用
可能である。また芯材レジンの表面を被覆する外
殻は、結晶化ガラス、泡ガラス又は半透明ガラス
で構成される。ここで結晶化ガラスとはガラスを
制御された条件の下で再加熱して、多数の微細な
結晶を均一に析出成長させて得られる陶磁器様の
多結晶体を言い、その一例としてはSiO2、
P2O5、Al2O3およびLi2Oを主成分とし、若干の着
色剤を加えたガラスを熱処理することにより、半
透明に結晶化させたものがある。また泡ガラスと
はガラスの微粉末に発泡剤を加えて焼成したもの
を言い、半透明ガラスとはガラスを成形する際に
粒子の析出により半透明になるガラスを言う。何
如なるガラスを使用した場合でも、本発明の外殻
は天然歯のエナメル質に類似の透明度であること
を可とする。
次に重量％でSiO277.0、P2O52.4、Al2O34.8、
LiO214.2、TiO20.4、CeO1.0なる組成の結晶化ガ
ラスで、外殻を構成させる場合を例にとつて、本
発明に係る人工歯の製造法を説明する。
本発明によれば、まず成形型内に溶融状態にあ
る上記組成のガラスが注入され、プレスその他の
適当な手段により、天然歯のほぼエナメル質部に
相当する形状の外殻が成形される。外殻には次い
で本例の場合熱処理とシラン処理が順次施される
がそれに先立ち外殻内面に多数の凹所を、好まし
くは蛸壷状の凹所を形成しておくことを本発明は
要件とする。この工程を省くと外殻と芯材レジン
とを満足できる強さで接合させることができな
い。凹所形成は未だ軟化状態にある外殻表面に、
水、酸又はアルカリに易溶性の微粒子（粒径は
100メツシユの篩を通過する程度を可とする）を
植設した後、外殻を成形硬化させ、次いでその微
粒子を水、酸又はアルカリで溶解除去する方法で
行なわれる。ちなみに、CaO又MgOなどの微粒
子を使用すれば、これらは塩酸などで容易に溶解
除去することができる。またNaClを用いれば水
で、V2O5、MoO3などを用いればアルカリでそれ
ぞれ溶解できる。
内面に好ましくは蛸壷状の凹所が形成された外
殻には、次いで熱処理とシラン処理が順次施され
る。この熱処理によつて外殻内部に結晶が析出し
て成長し、所謂結晶化ガラスとなつて天然歯のエ
ナメル質に類似した透明度（半透明）を呈する。
熱処理条件は本例のガラスの場合、30〜200℃／
hrの速度で昇温し、610℃に達したら降温するの
が適当である。熱処理後に実施されるシラン処理
は、結晶化ガラスからなる外殻内に芯材レジンを
充填した際に、両者の接合をより確かなものとす
る目的で行なわれるものであつて、アセトンで希
釈したシランを外殻内に塗布し、100℃でアセト
ンを揮発させる方法で行なうのが通常である。
尚、シラン処理に先立つ熱処理は、外殻を結晶
化ガラスで構成させた場合に通常行なわれるが、
外殻を泡ガラス又は半透明ガラスで構成させる場
合には熱処理が不要である。
シラン処理が終了した外殻には、次いでその内
面に芯材レジンが充填される。ここで「充填」と
は外殻内面へのレジンの塗布盛り上げ並びに外殻
内でのレジンの加圧成形を包含する。レジン充填
後はこれを重合硬化させれば、外殻と芯材レジン
は強固に接合される。この場合、必要に応じて適
当な接着剤を用いることも可能である。こうして
天然歯のほぼエナメル質部に相当する部分が結晶
化ガラスで、また象牙質部に相当する部分がレジ
ンで構成された本発明の人工歯を得ることができ
る。
第１〜３図は上記の方法で製造され、形状が異
なる３種の人工歯の縦断面図であつて、図中のａ
は結晶化ガラスの外殻を、ｂは外殻内面の凹所及
びシラン処理部を、ｃは芯材レジンをそれぞれ示
す。
接着強度試験例
前記した組成の結晶化ガラスの表面を研摩した
だけのサンプル、同じ表面をカーボンブラツク
（＃400）でサンドブラストしたサンプル並びに同
じ表面を本発明の方法によつて凹所を設けたサン
プルを用意し、各サンプルを二つのグループに分
け、一方のグループをシラン処理後、アクリル棒
（径５mm）にメチルメタクリレート（MMA）と
ポリメチルメタクリレート（PMMA）を接着剤
に用いて接合させ、他方のグループを同種のアク
リル棒に極性基を持つたMMAとPMMAを接着剤
に用いて接合させた。次いでそれぞれを37℃の水
中に４日間浸漬した後、毎分２mmの速度でアクリ
ル棒を引張り、破断したときの応力を接着強度と
してその値を求めたところ、表１に示す結果を得
た。
The present invention relates to an artificial tooth whose core material is resin and whose surface is covered with an outer shell made of crystallized glass, foam glass, or translucent glass, and a method for manufacturing the same. Conventional artificial teeth include resin teeth and porcelain teeth.
The former has the drawbacks of being easily worn and discolored, while the latter has the drawbacks of being vulnerable to impact, easily chipping, and having poor adhesion to denture base resin. The present invention uses resin as the core material and covers its surface with an outer shell made of crystallized glass, foam glass, or semi-transparent glass, so that it not only has excellent abrasion resistance but also has no risk of discoloration. We also aim to propose a new artificial tooth that is highly durable against impact and has good adhesion to denture base resin, and a method for manufacturing the same. In the artificial tooth of the present invention, any thermosetting synthetic resin or synthetic resin that polymerizes immediately at room temperature, which is commonly used in manufacturing conventional resin teeth, can be used as the core material. The outer shell covering the surface of the core resin is made of crystallized glass, foam glass, or translucent glass. Here, crystallized glass refers to a ceramic-like polycrystalline material obtained by reheating glass under controlled conditions to uniformly precipitate and grow many fine crystals. One example is SiO 2 ,
There is a glass whose main components are P 2 O 5 , Al 2 O 3 and Li 2 O, with a small amount of coloring agent added, which is then heat-treated to crystallize it into a translucent state. Foam glass refers to glass made by adding a foaming agent to fine powder and firing it, and translucent glass refers to glass that becomes translucent due to the precipitation of particles during glass molding. Regardless of the glass used, the outer shell of the present invention can have a clarity similar to that of natural tooth enamel. Next, in weight%, SiO 2 77.0, P 2 O 5 2.4, Al 2 O 3 4.8,
The method for manufacturing an artificial tooth according to the present invention will be explained by taking as an example the case where the outer shell is made of crystallized glass having a composition of 14.2 LiO 2 , 0.4 TiO 2 , and 1.0 CeO. According to the present invention, glass having the above composition in a molten state is first injected into a mold, and an outer shell having a shape approximately corresponding to the enamel portion of a natural tooth is formed by pressing or other suitable means. The outer shell is then sequentially subjected to heat treatment and silane treatment in this example, but the present invention requires that a number of recesses, preferably octopus pot-shaped recesses, be formed on the inner surface of the outer shell prior to that. do. If this step is omitted, the outer shell and core resin cannot be joined with satisfactory strength. Concave formation occurs on the outer shell surface, which is still in a softened state.
Fine particles easily soluble in water, acid or alkali (particle size is
After implanting a material that can pass through a 100-mesh sieve, the outer shell is molded and hardened, and the fine particles are then dissolved and removed with water, acid, or alkali. Incidentally, if fine particles such as CaO or MgO are used, they can be easily dissolved and removed with hydrochloric acid or the like. Furthermore, NaCl can be used to dissolve the compound in water, and V 2 O 5 , MoO 3 and the like can be dissolved in alkali. The outer shell, which preferably has an octopus pot-shaped recess formed on its inner surface, is then sequentially subjected to heat treatment and silane treatment. Through this heat treatment, crystals precipitate and grow inside the outer shell, becoming so-called crystallized glass and exhibiting transparency (translucent) similar to natural tooth enamel.
In the case of the glass in this example, the heat treatment conditions are 30 to 200℃/
It is appropriate to raise the temperature at a rate of hr and to lower the temperature when it reaches 610°C. The silane treatment carried out after heat treatment is performed for the purpose of making the bond between the core resin more secure when the outer shell made of crystallized glass is filled with core resin. The usual method is to apply silane to the inside of the shell and volatilize acetone at 100°C. Note that heat treatment prior to silane treatment is usually performed when the outer shell is made of crystallized glass.
No heat treatment is required when the outer shell is made of foam glass or translucent glass. After the silane treatment has been completed, the inner surface of the outer shell is then filled with core material resin. Here, "filling" includes the application of resin to the inner surface of the outer shell and the pressure molding of the resin within the outer shell. After filling with resin, if it is polymerized and hardened, the outer shell and core resin will be firmly joined. In this case, it is also possible to use a suitable adhesive if necessary. In this way, it is possible to obtain an artificial tooth of the present invention in which a portion corresponding to the enamel portion of a natural tooth is made of crystallized glass, and a portion corresponding to the dentin portion is made of resin. Figures 1 to 3 are longitudinal sectional views of three types of artificial teeth with different shapes manufactured by the above method, and a
indicates the outer shell of crystallized glass, b indicates the recess and silane-treated portion on the inner surface of the outer shell, and c indicates the core resin. Adhesive strength test example Samples with the surface of crystallized glass of the above composition simply polished, samples with the same surface sandblasted with carbon black (#400), and samples with the same surface provided with recesses by the method of the present invention. Each sample was divided into two groups, one group was treated with silane, and then bonded to an acrylic rod (diameter 5 mm) using methyl methacrylate (MMA) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) as adhesives, and the other group was The group was bonded to the same type of acrylic rod using MMA and PMMA, both of which have polar groups, as adhesives. Next, each was immersed in water at 37°C for 4 days, and then the acrylic rod was pulled at a speed of 2 mm per minute, and the stress at breakage was determined as the adhesive strength, and the results shown in Table 1 were obtained.
【表】
硬度及び衝撃破壊強度比較例
本発明の結晶化ガラス、市販陶歯及び市販レジ
ン歯のビツカース硬度及び衝撃破壊強度を表２に
示す。衝撃破壊強度は寸法５×８mm、厚さ１mmに
両面研磨したサンプルを支点間距離６mmのレール
の上にのせ、鉄球を落下させたときの破壊値であ
る。[Table] Comparative Example of Hardness and Impact Fracture Strength Table 2 shows the Vickers hardness and impact fracture strength of the crystallized glass of the present invention, commercially available porcelain teeth, and commercially available resin teeth. The impact fracture strength is the fracture value obtained when a sample polished on both sides to a size of 5 x 8 mm and a thickness of 1 mm is placed on a rail with a distance between supports of 6 mm and an iron ball is dropped.
【表】
本発明に係る人工歯は表１からも明らかな通
り、芯材レジンと外殻とが強固に接着しているば
かりでなく、外殻表面は殆ど摩耗がなく、天然歯
同様の色調と光沢を保ち、また芯材はレジンで構
成されるため、加工性も良好で義歯床用レジンと
の接着性もよい。これに加えて本発明の人工歯
は、表２から明らかな如く、従来の陶歯乃至レジ
ン歯に比較して耐衝撃性に優れ、チツピングも起
りにくいうえ、量産しやすいという特長を備えて
いる。[Table] As is clear from Table 1, the artificial tooth according to the present invention not only has a strong bond between the core resin and the outer shell, but also has almost no wear on the outer shell surface, and has a color similar to that of natural teeth. It maintains its luster, and since the core material is made of resin, it has good processability and good adhesion with resin for denture bases. In addition, as is clear from Table 2, the artificial teeth of the present invention have superior impact resistance compared to conventional porcelain or resin teeth, are less prone to chipping, and are easy to mass produce. .
第１〜第３図はそれぞれ本発明に係る人工歯の
一例を示す縦断面図である。
ａ：外殻（結晶化ガラス）、ｂ：外殻内面の凹
所及びシラン処理部、ｃ：芯材レジン。
1 to 3 are longitudinal sectional views each showing an example of an artificial tooth according to the present invention. a: outer shell (crystallized glass), b: recess and silane-treated portion on the inner surface of the outer shell, c: core resin.
Claims (1)
外殻を、結晶化ガラス、泡ガラス又は半透明ガラ
スで成形すると共に、水、酸又はアルカリに易溶
性の微粒子を前記外殻の内面に植設し、水、酸又
はアルカリにて前記の微粒子を溶解除去させるこ
とにより外殻内面に凹所を形成させ、しかる後こ
の外殻内に芯材用レジンを充填してなる人工歯の
製造法。1. An outer shell with a shape roughly corresponding to the enamel part of a natural tooth is molded from crystallized glass, foam glass, or translucent glass, and fine particles that are easily soluble in water, acid, or alkali are implanted on the inner surface of the outer shell. A method for producing an artificial tooth by forming a recess on the inner surface of the outer shell by dissolving and removing the fine particles with water, acid, or alkali, and then filling the outer shell with a core resin. .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9320679A JPS5618859A (en) | 1979-07-24 | 1979-07-24 | Artificial tooth and its manufacture |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9320679A JPS5618859A (en) | 1979-07-24 | 1979-07-24 | Artificial tooth and its manufacture |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5618859A JPS5618859A (en) | 1981-02-23 |
| JPS6222619B2 true JPS6222619B2 (en) | 1987-05-19 |
Family
ID=14076086
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9320679A Granted JPS5618859A (en) | 1979-07-24 | 1979-07-24 | Artificial tooth and its manufacture |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5618859A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6252780U (en) * | 1985-09-19 | 1987-04-02 |
-
1979
- 1979-07-24 JP JP9320679A patent/JPS5618859A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5618859A (en) | 1981-02-23 |
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