JPS62225863A - Heater utilizing low-temperature heat source - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a heating device that effectively utilizes thermal energy and cold energy. The present invention relates to a heating device that can be used for.

The heating device of the present invention can be used for heating using a cold source or other domestic heat sources, and can be used for heating or other domestic heat sources during cold seasons,
Furthermore, it can be used as an industrial heat source. In other words, it has a wide range of applications depending on the temperature when used as a heat source.

[Technical background and explanation of conventional technology]

In this specification, a "cold heat source" refers to a power source that utilizes the pressure difference between the vapor and liquid of a substance that occurs during vaporization and liquefaction of a substance when combined with a low-temperature heat source and a high-temperature heat source. It is a heat source with a low temperature that can generate .

The use of the heat of vaporization (heat of condensation) captured and released during the vaporization and liquefaction of substances for the transfer and transfer of thermal energy is widely used in steam heating or heat pumps, and in the compression of steam. It is also widely known that the thermal energy (heat of condensation) released by the condensation of a part of the substance can be used to produce higher-temperature superheated steam. Attempts have also been made to extract power by utilizing the pressure difference caused by contraction.

The present inventors have been conducting research on collecting heat from sunlight and using it as a heat source for daily life. The power required for this is extracted from the pressure difference caused by the vaporization of the medium and the expansion and contraction of volume in the liquid due to the temperature difference between the cold heat source at a low temperature during the cold season and the low-temperature heat source collected from sunlight. We discovered scales and arrived at the present invention based on this knowledge.

[Object of the invention and summary of the invention]

An object of the present invention is to provide a heating device that can extract higher temperature thermal energy from a lower temperature heat source, and more specifically, to extract higher temperature thermal energy from a lower temperature heat source with less power. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a heating device that can.

The present invention is...

(a) Heating medium evaporator; heating medium compressor; Piping for transporting a heating medium compressor and a heating medium radiator; Piping for transporting vapor of the heating medium superheated in the heating medium compressor; Piping for transporting a heating medium radiator and a heating medium evaporator; A heating cycle consisting of piping for conveying the condensed heating medium in the heating medium radiator; and piping for conveying the heating medium compressor and heating medium evaporator; piping for conveying the condensed heating medium in the heating medium compressor; b) A driving medium evaporator; an expander that supplies power to a heating medium compressor; a driving medium condenser; piping that conveys the driving medium evaporator and expander; Piping for transporting the expander and the condenser of the driving medium; Piping for transporting the expander and the vapor of the driving medium; and piping for transporting the condenser of the driving medium and the evaporator of the driving medium; the driving medium condensed in the condenser of the driving medium This is a heating device that uses a low-temperature heat source and is characterized by consisting of a power cycle consisting of piping that sends heat.

The heating medium evaporator and driving medium evaporator of the heating device using a low-temperature heat source of the present invention are heated by a heat medium whose heat source is a solar heat collector or a heat medium whose heat source is a waste heat recovery device. The heating medium radiator can be
It can be a hot air heater, and the condenser of the driving medium can be installed in an outdoor cold place or can be cooled by waste cold heat, and powers the heating medium. The expander may be a turbine, and the expander powering the compressor of the heating medium shall have an electric motor as an auxiliary power source, and when there is a lack of power generated in the power cycle, the expander powers the heating medium compressor. You can also be able to drive.

・1. The heating device using the low temperature heat source of the present invention has low temperature,
It is possible to obtain thermal energy at a higher temperature than the heat source 'L'.

[Detailed description of the invention]

The heating device of the present invention includes a heating cycle for heating with heat supplied from a low-temperature heat source, and a power cycle for supplying power to compress vapor of a heating medium in the heating cycle.

An example of the heating device of the present invention is shown in FIG.

In the drawing, 1 is a driving medium condenser, 3 is a driving medium evaporator, 5 is an expander that extracts power by expanding the gaseous driving medium, and 2, 4 and 6 are piping, and piping 2 is a condenser. Piping 4 transports the evaporator 3 to the expander 5; Piping 6 transports the expander 5 to the condenser 1; By connecting these devices and piping, an annular flow of the driving medium is created. form a road,
The driving mls body flows through this annular flow path repeatedly contracting due to condensation and expanding due to evaporation, and the power is extracted from the expander 5, thereby forming a power cycle. In the drawing, 11 is a radiator that radiates heat by condensing a heating medium, 13 is a heating medium evaporator, +5 is a compressor that compresses a gaseous heating medium to increase its temperature, and 12.14 and 16 is a pipe, and the pipe 1
2 is a pipe that connects the radiator 11 to the evaporator 13; pipe 14 is a pipe that connects the evaporator 13 to the compressor 15; pipe 16 is a pipe that connects the compressor 1
5 and the radiator 11; these devices and pipes are connected to form an annular flow path for the heating medium, and the heating medium repeatedly acquires heat through evaporation and releases heat through condensation through this annular flow path. This creates a heating cycle.

In the power cycle, the gaseous driving medium introduced through the pipe 6 condenses in the condenser 1 and becomes liquid,
It is introduced into the evaporator 3 through the pipe 2. The evaporator 3 uses an excess heat source (not shown), such as hot water from a solar heat collector, to heat and evaporate the liquid driving medium into a gaseous driving medium. Swells due to phase change! +, τ-ag6tr, x-5E-? f
-eE! , tk4Prr+Wmm bodies are led to the expander 5 through the pipe 4. The interior of the expander 5 is under negative pressure due to suction caused by the volume contraction caused by the phase change of the driving medium from gaseous to liquid in the condenser 1. Therefore, the pressurized gas introduced from the pipe 4 is in a negative pressure state. A shaped driving medium is ejected from the nozzle, and the ejection rotates the rotor of the turbine and provides power to the rotating shaft 7.

The gaseous driving medium that has lost its pressurization is led to the condenser 1 through the pipe 6, where it is cooled by the outside air of 8 shades, condenses to a liquid state, and passes through the pipe 2 again. It circulates through the power cycle, repeating expansion and contraction, and continues to provide power to the rotating shaft of the expander 5.

In the heating cycle, heat is released by condensation in the radiator 11, and the heating medium, which has become liquid, is introduced into the evaporator 13 through the pipe 12. The evaporator 13 heats the liquid heating medium ' with an excess heat source (not shown), for example hot water from a solar heat collector, and evaporates it into a gaseous heating medium. The gaseous heating medium passes through the pipe 14 to the compressor! 5 will be introduced. In the compressor 15, the gaseous heating medium is compressed by the power applied from the expander 5, and a portion of the heating medium is heated by condensation, thereby increasing its temperature. The gaseous heating medium whose temperature has increased is transferred to the pipe 1
6 and is introduced into the radiator 11, where it condenses and releases heat. The heat released in the radiator 11 can be used, for example, for indoor heating, but its temperature is lower than the temperature of the heat given from the surplus heat source in the evaporator 13 due to the increase in temperature in the compressor 15. It's getting expensive. The lower the temperature of the outside air is, the more rapidly the volume shrinks due to condensation of the gaseous driving medium in the condenser l of the power cycle, so the absolute value of the negative pressure inside the expander 5 becomes larger. The power generated by the expander 5 thereby increases, and the compression ratio of the gaseous heating medium in the compressor 15 of the heating cycle also increases.

Therefore, the temperature of the gaseous heating medium whose temperature has increased due to compression becomes higher. Heat sink! The liquid heating medium condensed in 1 circulates through the heating cycle through the pipe 12, and repeatedly acquires heat by evaporation, increases the temperature by compression, and releases heat by condensation. is repeatedly released from the radiator. Due to the compression of the gaseous heating medium in the compressor 15 of the heating cycle, a part of the gaseous heating medium becomes a liquid heating medium, but the liquid heating medium generated in the compressor 15 is
7 and returned to the heating cycle.

The power cycle in the heating device of the present invention exhibits sufficient performance when the temperature of the outside air that cools the condenser 1 is sufficiently lower than the surplus heat source. i.e. condenser 1
When the temperature of the outside air where the evaporator 3 is installed becomes sufficiently lower than the temperature of the surplus heat source that warms the evaporator 3, the cooling capacity of the condenser 1 increases and the gaseous evaporator II! II increases the condensation of the medium, thereby reducing the pressure inside the expander 5 leading from the inlet of the gaseous driving medium of the condenser l to the pipe 6, but the temperature of the surplus heat source does not change and the evaporator of the driving medium 3 does not change, and the pressure of the gaseous driving medium introduced from the pipe 4 does not change, so the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the expander 5 increases, and as a result, the pressure of the gaseous driving medium in the expander 5 The pressure of the jet increases. In this case, the power taken out from the expander 5 increases, so the capacity of the compressor in the heating cycle increases, and the capacity to compress the gaseous heating medium also increases, so the gas sent to the radiator 11 via the pipe 16 increases. The temperature of the heating medium increases, and the temperature heated by the radiator 11 thereby also increases. Then, when the temperature of the outside air that cools the condenser 1 decreases, the heating device of the present invention becomes a radiator! It can be said that the temperature of the heat extracted from 1 is increased. That is, if the radiator 11 is used for indoor heating, as the outside air temperature decreases, the indoor heating temperature increases by that amount, which is very convenient for the heating device.

Another example of the heating device of the present invention is the power from the power cycle given to the compressor 15 of the heating cycle - h < 6 dos τl/l m h? This is a heating device in which a motor 8 is attached to a compressor 15 in order to maintain the heating cycle ability even when the power decreases.

In FIG. 2, 1 is a condenser for the driving medium, 3 is an evaporator for the driving medium, 5 is an expander that extracts power by expanding the gaseous driving medium, and 2, 4 and 6 are piping. 1g! Piping 4 connects the compressor 1 to the evaporator 3; Piping 4 connects the evaporator 3 to the expander 5; Piping 6
is the pipe that sends the expander 5 to the condenser 1; the connection of these devices and pipes forms an annular flow path for the driving medium, and the driving medium repeats contraction due to condensation and expansion due to evaporation through this annular flow path. As the power flows, a power cycle is formed by extracting power from the expander 5. In Fig. 2, 11 is a radiator that emits heat by condensing the heating medium, 13 is an evaporator of the heating medium, and +5
is a compressor that compresses a gaseous heating medium to increase its temperature; and 12, 14 and 16 are piping, of which piping 12 is a piping that sends the radiator 11 to the evaporator 13; piping 14;
Piping 16 connects the compressor 15 to the radiator 11; The connection of these devices and piping forms an annular heating medium flow path, and this annular flow A heating cycle is formed by the heating medium flowing through the passage repeatedly acquiring heat through evaporation and releasing heat through condensation. Further, 8 is a motor, 9 is a clutch motor, and 10 is an inverter controller that controls the motor 8 and clutch 9 using the power generated by the expander 5.

In the power cycle, the gaseous driving medium introduced through the pipe 6 condenses in the condenser l and becomes liquid;
It is introduced into the evaporator 3 through the pipe 2. The evaporator 3 heats and evaporates the liquid driving medium using a surplus heat source (not shown), such as waste hot water from a boiler or hot water from a solar heat collector, and converts the driving medium into a gaseous driving medium. Due to the phase change to gaseous state, it expands and becomes pressurized. The pressurized gaseous driving medium passes through piping 4 and is guided to expander 5 . The inside of the expander 5 is in a negative pressure state due to the suction caused by the volume contraction caused by the phase change of the driving medium from gaseous to liquid in the condenser 1, so that the gaseous driving medium introduced from the pipe 4 is ejected from the nozzle, and the ejection transmits power to the turbine rotor, providing power to the rotating shaft. The gaseous driving medium that has lost its pressurization is led to the condenser 1 through the pipe 6, and is cooled in the condenser 1 by, for example, 8 shades of outside air.
It condenses into a liquid state, passes through the pipe 2, circulates the power cycle again, repeats expansion and contraction, and becomes the expander 5.
Power is applied to the rotating shaft 7 of.

In the heating cycle, heat is released by condensation in the radiator 11, and the heating medium, which has become liquid, is introduced into the evaporator 13 through the pipe 12. The evaporator 13 heats and evaporates the liquid heating medium using a surplus heat source (not shown), such as waste hot water from a boiler or hot water from a solar heat collector, to convert it into a gaseous heating medium. The gaseous heating medium is connected to the pipe 14
is introduced into the compressor 15 through the. In the compressor 15, the gaseous heating medium is compressed by the power applied from the expander 5, and a portion of the heating medium is heated by condensation, thereby increasing its temperature. The gaseous heating medium whose temperature has increased is introduced into the first heating device 11 through the pipe 16, and is condensed in the heating device +1 to release heat. The heat released in the radiator 11 can be used, for example, for indoor heating, but its temperature is higher than the temperature of the heat provided from the surplus heat source in the evaporator 13 due to the temperature increase in the compressor 15. It has become. If the temperature of the outside air is lower than the heat of the surplus heat source, the volume of the gaseous driving medium in the condenser 1 of the power cycle will condense rapidly, resulting in a negative pressure inside the expander 5. The absolute value of becomes larger, and the generated power of the expander 5 also becomes larger. Then, the compression ratio of the gaseous heating medium in the compressor of the heating cycle also increases, and the temperature of the gaseous heating medium whose temperature has increased thereby becomes higher.

When the temperature of the outside air that cools the condenser l of the power cycle becomes lower than the heat of the surplus heat source, the absolute value of the negative pressure inside the expander 5 becomes smaller, and as a result, the
The power generated in this case also becomes smaller. In this case, the capacity of the compressor 15 in the heating cycle also decreases, so the compressor 1
5, the gaseous heating medium is not sufficiently compressed, and as a result, the rise in temperature of the gaseous heating medium introduced into the radiator 11 is also small, so the temperature of the heat released from the radiator 11 is also low. Become. Also, when the condensation of the gaseous driving medium in the condenser 1 of the power cycle stops,
The temperature of the heat emitted from the radiator 11 of the heating cycle cannot exceed the temperature of the heat provided by the surplus heat source provided in the evaporator 13. That is, the temperature of the heat released by the heat radiator 11 of the heating cycle is the same as that of the compressor 15.
depends on the power given to the When the power given to the compressor 15, that is, the power generated from the expander 5 becomes small, the motor attached to the compressor 15 is activated to provide power to the compressor 15, thereby causing the power to be released from the radiator 11. The motor 8 is controlled by an inverter controller 10 to maintain the temperature of the heat generated.

The inverter controller IO detects the power generated in the expander 5 and controls the motor 8 depending on the magnitude of this power. When no power is generated in the expander 5, the inverter limiter lO starts the operation of the motor 8 and disengages the clutch 9, separating the power cycle of the heating device of the present invention from the heating cycle, and the heating cycle is started by the motor 8. Driven by power.

The driving medium and heating medium in the heating device of the present invention are:
The heating medium must have a boiling point lower than the temperature of the heat source heating the respective evaporator, but the boiling point of the driving medium must be higher than the cooling temperature of the driving medium in the condenser. Requires. The cooling temperature of the condenser l of the driving medium in the power cycle of the heating device of the present invention needs to be sufficiently lower than the heating temperature of the evaporation n3 of the driving medium.
In order to make the temperature of the thermal energy released from the heating medium higher than the heating temperature of the heating medium in the heating medium evaporator 13, at least the heating temperature of the driving medium evaporator and the cooling temperature of the driving medium condenser are set. Requires a temperature difference of 25°C. The driving medium condenser l can be installed outdoors in a shaded area where it can be cooled down to a low temperature during the cold season, but if the temperature is not low enough, it can be installed in a shaded area outside the house, but if the temperature is not low enough, it can be installed in the shade of a waste cold heat source, e.g. , evaporation of liquefied gas, etc. can also be used as a cooling source for the condenser l of the driving medium.

〔Effect of the invention〕

The heating device of the present invention can extract thermal energy at a temperature higher than the temperature of the heat source from a low-temperature heat source without applying extra power. In addition, sufficient power cannot be obtained for compressing the heating medium, and even if the electric motor 8 is used as an auxiliary power source, the electric motor 8 as an auxiliary power source may not be activated due to the intermittent operation of the driving medium condenser l. 'Fl required for driving! Qi can be reduced.

The heating device of the present invention is suitable for use in heating during cold seasons, where the low temperature of the outside air can be used to condense the driving medium.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flow sheet of one example of implementing the heating device of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a flow sheet of another example of implementing the present invention.

Claims (8)

[Claims] (1) (a) A heating medium evaporator; a heating medium compressor; a heating medium radiator; a heating medium evaporator and a heating medium compressor are connected, and the heating medium generated in the heating medium evaporator is Piping for sending steam; Piping that connects the heating medium compressor and heating medium radiator, and sends the heating medium vapor superheated in the heating medium compressor; connects the heating medium radiator and heating medium evaporator A heating cycle consisting of piping that transports the heating medium that has been cooled and condensed in a radiator for the heating medium, and piping that connects the compressor of the heating medium and the evaporator of the heating medium and transports the heating medium that has been condensed in the compressor of the heating medium. , and (b) an evaporator for the driving medium; an expander for powering the compressor for the heating medium; a condenser for the driving medium; and a driving medium generated in the evaporator for the driving medium, connecting the evaporator for the driving medium and the expander. piping that connects the expander and the driving medium condenser and sends the driving medium vapor discharged from the expander; and piping that connects the driving medium condenser and the driving medium evaporator and connects the driving medium condenser. A heating device using a low-temperature heat source, characterized by comprising: a power cycle consisting of piping for sending a condensed driving medium. (2) The low-temperature heat source according to claim 1, wherein the heating medium evaporator and the driving medium evaporator are heated by a heating medium whose heat source is a solar heat collector. A heating device that uses (3) The low-temperature heat source according to claim 1, wherein the heating medium evaporator and the driving medium evaporator are heated by a heat medium whose heat source is a waste heat recovery device. A heating device that uses (4) A heating device using a low-temperature heat source according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the radiator of the heating medium is a hot air heater. (5) Heating using a low-temperature heat source according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the driving medium condenser is installed in a cold place outdoors. Device. (6) A heating device using a low-temperature heat source according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the condenser for the driving medium is cooled by waste cold heat. (7) A heating device using a low-temperature heat source according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the expander that supplies power to the heating medium compressor is a turbine. (8) The low-temperature heat source according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the expander that supplies power to the heating medium compressor has an electric motor as an auxiliary power source. Heating device to be used.