JPS6221991A - Method of excavating tunnel and shielding excavator used forsaid method - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (a) Industrial Application Field The present invention relates to a method for excavating a tunnel in which the tunnel is excavated while constructing a reinforced ground in the surrounding ground, and a shield I used therein.
Regarding the front garden.

(b), Prior Art Recently, a proposal has been made to construct a lining for a tunnel excavated by a shield excavator using cast-in-place concrete, regardless of the segments.

In this case, the reaction force required for shield excavation will be taken from the poured concrete.

(C) 0 Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in order to remove the shield's digging reaction force from the poured concrete, the poured concrete must solidify and sufficiently withstand the digging force from the shield side. It must be in the state.

In other words, after the concrete is poured, until the concrete reaches a predetermined strength, there is an inconvenience that the urethra cannot move due to the shield, and therefore, there is a disadvantage that the amount of excavation per day cannot exceed a certain value. .

Further, when the lining is formed of cast-in-place concrete, a part of the shield excavator is used as the outer formwork of the lining. However, in this case, the poured concrete and the formwork of the shield excavator come into close contact, making it impossible to change the direction of excavation of the shield excavator, making it difficult to construct tunnels with curves. also occurs.

In order to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks, the present invention provides a tunnel excavation method that enables curved construction and enables smooth tunnel excavation without taking the reaction force of excavation by a shield excavator from concrete cast on site, and the same. Regarding the shield excavator used.

(d) Means for solving the zero problem, that is, the invention of the tunnel excavation method of the present invention is that when excavating the tunnel (17) with the shield excavator (1), the shield excavator (1) ) of the fixed holding means (7) protrudes from the surrounding ground (19), and the fixed holding means (7) of the fixed holding means (7)
) and the ground (19) and the reaction force from the reinforced ground (19a) that has already been strengthened by filling with lining material to make the shield excavator (1) excavate; After digging further a predetermined distance, the fixing and holding means is moved back against the ground (19), and the space (
20) is filled with lining material to construct a reinforced ground (19a), and then the fixed holding means is moved in the excavation direction to a position adjacent to the previously constructed reinforced ground (19a). The structure is such that the fixing and holding means (7) is again protruded from the ground and the tunnel (17) is dug.

In addition, the invention regarding the shield excavator is the cutter (2
A front shield machine (2) is provided with a front shield machine (2), and a rear shield machine (3) is provided to the front shield machine (2) so as to be movable in the t principle direction of the shield machine (1). At the same time, a plurality of shield jacks (11) are installed between the front shield machine (2) and the rear shield machine (3), and a fixed holding means (7) is installed on the rear shield machine (3).
) from the outer shell (3a) of the rear shield machine (3) to the ground (
19), and is provided with a lining material supplying means (1o) capable of protruding and retracting freely from the fixed holding means (7) and supplying the lining material to the space (2o) after the fixed holding means (7) has retreated.

Note that the numbers in parentheses are for convenience and indicate corresponding elements in the drawings, and therefore, this description is not limited to the descriptions in the drawings. The following r (el
The same applies to the column "0 effect".

(e) 0 effect With the above-described configuration, the present invention can reduce the reaction force necessary for the hexadecimal operation of the shield excavator (1) by protruding the fixed holding means (7) into the surrounding ground (19). Chiyama (19)
[When the garden machine (1) has dug to a certain extent, the fixed holding means (7) is retreated from the ground (19), and the space (20) left behind is filled with lining material. A reinforced ground (19a) is constructed, and a fixed holding means (19a) is constructed.
7) in the excavation direction and attach a new fixed holding means (7).
) and the fixed holding means (7)
are opposed to each other, thereby acting to take the reaction force for digging of the shield excavator (1) from the other mountain (19) portion around the shield excavator (1).

(f), Example Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

Fig. 1 is a diagram showing the main parts of the rear shield machine in the shield excavator according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the rear shield machine of Fig. 1 in a retracted state, and Fig. 3 is a diagram according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is a front view showing how the grip shoes are driven during curve construction; FIG. 5 is a main part of a rear shield excavator according to another embodiment of the present invention. Figures 6 and 7 are diagrams showing the parts of the ground that are strengthened by using the shield machine of Figure 5.

As shown in FIG. 3, the shield excavator 1 has a front shield machine 2 and a rear shield machine 3, both of which are formed in a cylindrical shape, and a cutter 2a is located on the front of the front shield machine 2 in the direction of arrow A, It is provided so as to be rotatably driven in the B direction. Front shield machine 2 and rear shield machine 3 are the first
As shown in the figure, the outer shell 3a of the rear shield machine 3 enters the outer shell 2b of the front shield machine 2, and the arrow C1D
They are provided so as to be movable with respect to each other. A dust seal 5.5 is provided in an annular shape between the outer shells 2b and 38, and a tail packing 6 is provided in an annular shape at the rear end of the front shield machine 2.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the outer shell 3a of the rear shield machine 3 includes a plurality of box-shaped grip shoes 7.
Each grip shoe 7 is provided with a grip jack 9 that is movable in the directions of arrows E and F at a predetermined pitch along the circumferential cross section of the outer shell 3a. can cause the grip shoe 7 to protrude and retreat in the directions of arrows E and F. Each grip shoe 7 is provided with a lining material injection pipe 10 with its tip open to the outside, and a grip storage section 3b for storing each grip shoe 7 of the outer shell 3a and a front shield machine 2 are provided. A shield jack 11 is provided between them.

A concrete formwork 12 is provided at the rear end of the rear shield wIt3 on the right side in Figure 1, and a concrete pouring pipe 13 for pouring concrete is provided at the left end position of the concrete formwork 12 in the figure. Connected.

In addition, in the lining 15 formed between the concrete formwork 12 and the rear shield machine 3, reinforcing materials 15a such as H steel are attached at predetermined intervals to adjacent reinforcing materials 15 by tie rods 15b.
a are connected to each other, and the leftmost reinforcing member 15a is connected to the retainer 1 with respect to the concrete formwork 12.
It is fixed by 6.

Since the shield excavator 1 has the above configuration,
When excavating the tunnel 17 using the shield front 4j311, first drive the grip jack 9 of the rear shield machine 3, and as shown in FIGS. 19 in the direction of arrow E. Then, the surrounding ground 1 is removed by the grip shoe 7.
9 is compressed and deformed, and a ground 1 is formed on the outer peripheral surface 7a of the grip shoe 7.
A pressing force F1 from 9 acts. In this state, when the shield jack 11 is driven to project the ram lla in the D direction, the pressing force of the shield jack 11 in the D direction is the friction based on the pressing force F1 acting on the outer peripheral surface 7a of the grip shoe 7. The front shield machine 2 receives a reaction force in the direction of arrow C, which is balanced by the reaction force F2 from the side surface of the reinforced earth 19a which has already been strengthened by injecting the lining material.

In this state, when the cutter 2a of the front shield 8!2 is driven to rotate, the portion of the ground 19 facing the cutter 2a is excavated, and the fluorocarbon shield machine 2 excavates in the C direction. At this time, the rear shield machine 3 maintains a fixed state because the grip shoes 7 are protruding from the ground 19. Furthermore, when the front shield machine 2 digs in the C direction, the ram lla of the shield jack 11 is also driven to protrude in the D direction in synchronization with it, and the reaction force for the old road that the front shield machine 2 receives from the rear shield machine 3 is Maintained at an appropriate value.

In this way, when the front shield machine 2 has dug a predetermined distance in the direction C, the cutter 2a is stopped to stop the excavation. Next, the grip jacks 9 are driven to retract each of the protruding grip shoes 7 in the F direction and store them in the grip storage section 3b. After that, a space 20 corresponding to the outer shape of the grip shoe 7 is formed, and the lining material is injected and filled into the space 20 from the lining material injection pipe 10 to form the reinforcing ground 19a, and at the same time. The ground 19 around the space 20 is also strengthened.

Next, the shield jack 11 is driven to pull the rear shield machine 3 in the direction C as shown in FIG. The shield machine 3 can move smoothly in the C direction. In addition, when the rear shield machine 3 moves in the C direction, the lining 15 and the reinforced ground 19 that are already in the construction state are
A moves relatively in the D direction, and the grip shoe 7 faces a portion of the ground 19 adjacent to the reinforced ground 19a formed by injecting the lining material earlier. Rear shield machine 3 is C
After moving a predetermined distance in the direction, a space in which a lining 15 having a length of Ll is to be constructed is formed at the right end portion of the rear shield machine 3 in FIG. Move the concrete formwork 12 in the direction C as shown in the imaginary line to create a concrete casting space 21.
and filling and placing concrete into the concrete placing space 21 via the concrete placing pipe 13,
Build lining 15.

When pouring concrete into the concrete pouring space 21 is completed, the grip jack 9 is immediately driven to project the grip foot 7 toward the surrounding ground 19, and the front shield machine 2 is moved in accordance with the procedure already described. The reaction force for advancing is taken from the surrounding ground 19 and the constructed reinforced ground 19a, and the old road is started. It should be noted that the lining material of the reinforced ground 19a that has been constructed will reach a level where it can exhibit sufficient strength while forming the concrete placement space 21 and constructing the lining 15. Even if excavation by the front shield machine 2 is started immediately after concrete is poured into the concrete 21, the reaction force F2 from the reinforced ground 19a will be an appropriate value, and the excavation operation can be performed smoothly.

In addition, when changing the excavation direction of the shield excavator 1, as shown in FIG. 8 The protruding grip shoe 7 acts like a brake, making it easy to change the digging direction of the shield excavator 1 (normally, the shield excavator 1 is placed on the protruding grip shoe 7 side change the direction of excavation).

Further, in the above-described embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, only one grip shoe 7 is provided in the excavation direction of the shield excavator 1.
As shown in FIG. 5, it is of course possible to provide a plurality of shield excavators in the excavation direction of the shield excavator 1. In this case, if the front grip shoe 7A and the rear grip shoe 7 are provided alternately when viewed from the front of the shield excavator 1, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the tunnel 17 The reinforced ground 19a formed around the
Since it can be formed in a form that completely surrounds the tunnel 17, it is possible not only to effectively strengthen the ground 19, but also to strengthen the ground 19a alone without constructing the lining 15, depending on the construction site. It becomes possible to sufficiently construct the tunnel 17.

In addition, in FIGS. 6 and 7, the reinforced ground 19a with a wide width W is provided with the grip shoe 7, and the reinforced ground 19a with the narrow width W is provided with the grip shoe 7. It was formed by

(g) 8 Effects of the Invention As explained above, according to the present invention, the grip shoe 7
The fixed holding means of the shield excavator 1 such as the above is made to protrude from the surrounding ground 19, and the frictional force that acts between the fixed holding means and the ground 19 and the reinforced ground that has already been strengthened by filling with lining material. Using the reaction force from 19a, the shield excavator 1 is moved into the tunnel, and when it has moved a predetermined distance further, the fixed holding means is retreated with respect to the ground 19, and the shield excavator 1 is moved into the space 20 that is created thereafter. Reinforced ground by filling with lining material 1
9a is constructed, and then the fixed holding means is moved in the excavation direction, and the fixed holding means is again protruded from the ground 19 at a position adjacent to the reinforced ground 19a constructed immediately before to form a tunnel. 17, the reaction force necessary for the shield excavator 1 to excavate is applied to the surrounding ground 19, regardless of the condition of the concrete placed for constructing the lining 15. and reinforced ground 19a, and the excavation operation of the shield excavator 1 can be started immediately after pouring concrete for constructing the lining 15, dramatically increasing the amount of work to be done in one day. It can be increased.

In addition, by selectively protruding the fixed holding means of the shield excavator 1, the shield excavator 1 can be moved in any direction.
The direction of excavation can be changed.

Furthermore, it has a front shield machine 2 provided with a cutter 2a, and a rear shield machine 3 is provided with respect to the front shield machine 2 so as to be movable in the front direction of the shield excavator 1. A plurality of shield jacks 11 are installed between the shield machines 3, and fixed holding means such as grip shoes 7 are provided on the rear shield machine 3 so as to be able to protrude from the outer shell 3a of the rear shield machine 3 to the ground 19 and retreat freely. If the shield excavator 1 is configured by providing a lining material supply means such as a lining material injection pipe and an eve 10 capable of supplying the lining material to the space 20 after the fixed holding means has retreated, the tunnel excavation machine 1 can be It is possible to provide a shield excavator 1 that can perform 17 excavations, has a large amount of clearance, and can easily perform curve construction.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a diagram showing the main parts of the rear shield machine in the seal front bending machine according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the rear shield machine of Fig. 1 in a state where the grip shoes are retracted, and Fig. 3 is A perspective view showing one embodiment of a shield excavator according to the present invention, FIG. 4 is a front view showing the drive mode of the grip shoe during curve construction, and FIG. 5 is a rear shield machine according to another embodiment of the present invention. Figures 6 and 7 are diagrams showing the parts of the ground that are strengthened by using the shield machine of Figure 5. 1...Shield excavator 2...Front shield machine 28-...Cutter 3 Rear shield machine 3a...Outer shell 7...Fixing holding means (grip shoe) 10...Lining material Supply means (lining material injection pipe) 11...Shield jack 17...Tongenru 19...Ground 19a...Reinforced ground 20...Space

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) When excavating a tunnel with a shield excavator, the fixed holding means of the shield excavator is made to protrude relative to the surrounding ground, and the frictional force acting between the fixed holding means and the ground and the lining The shield excavator is made to dig by using the reaction force from the reinforced ground strengthened by filling with material, and when the shield excavator has further dug a predetermined distance, the fixed holding means is retreated against the ground, and the subsequent The space is filled with lining material to construct a reinforced ground, and then the fixing and holding means is moved in the excavation direction, and the fixing and holding means is repositioned at a position adjacent to the previously constructed reinforced ground. A tunnel excavation method in which the tunnel is dug protruding from the ground. (2) A method for excavating a tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the fixing and holding means is selectively protruded from the ground to change the direction of excavation of the shield excavator. (3) A shield excavator for excavating a tunnel has a front shield machine provided with a cutter, a rear shield machine is provided to the front shield machine so as to be movable in the excavation direction of the shield excavator, and a front shield machine is provided. A plurality of shield jacks are installed between the shield machine and the rear shield machine, and a fixed holding means is provided on the rear shield machine so as to be able to protrude and retreat from the outer shell of the rear shield machine with respect to the ground, and the fixed holding means A shield excavator is provided with a lining material supplying means capable of supplying lining material into the space after the retreat of the shield excavator.