JPS6221504B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6221504B2 JPS6221504B2 JP10977578A JP10977578A JPS6221504B2 JP S6221504 B2 JPS6221504 B2 JP S6221504B2 JP 10977578 A JP10977578 A JP 10977578A JP 10977578 A JP10977578 A JP 10977578A JP S6221504 B2 JPS6221504 B2 JP S6221504B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid
- peeling
- naoh
- water
- waste
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013574 canned fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 59
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 19
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 14
- 206010040844 Skin exfoliation Diseases 0.000 description 10
- 241001672694 Citrus reticulata Species 0.000 description 7
- 240000005809 Prunus persica Species 0.000 description 6
- 235000006040 Prunus persica var persica Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 244000018633 Prunus armeniaca Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000009827 Prunus armeniaca Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000555678 Citrus unshiu Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- VCUFZILGIRCDQQ-KRWDZBQOSA-N N-[[(5S)-2-oxo-3-(2-oxo-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-6-yl)-1,3-oxazolidin-5-yl]methyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C1O[C@H](CN1C1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1)CNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F VCUFZILGIRCDQQ-KRWDZBQOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003511 endothelial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010808 liquid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013324 preserved food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
Description
従来、果実缶詰の製造に際しては、果実の剥皮
のために種々の薬品液が使用されている。例え
ば、みかん缶詰の場合には、内皮剥皮のために、
塩酸水溶液と苛性ソーダ水溶液とを使用する方法
（二液法）及び苛性ソーダとリン酸塩とを含む水
溶液を使用する方法（一液法）が知られており、
また、ももやアンズの缶詰の場合には、外皮を剥
皮するのに苛性ソーダ水溶液が使用されている。
これらの薬品液を剥皮に使用した廃液は、ペク
チン質のような多糖類を多く含み粘性が大きくて
活性汚泥菌による消化が困難であるので、通常、
消石灰によりペクチン質を凝集させて除去したの
ちに排水処理されている。しかし、近時、排水に
対する規制が厳しくなるにつれて、排水処理設備
の拡充が要求され、そのために排水処理には高コ
ストを必要とするようになつて来た。
本発明は、廃薬品液を回収再使用することによ
つて、このような高コストの排水処理を必要とし
ない新規方法を提供することを目的とするもので
ある。本発明者等は、廃薬品液を加圧浮上分離に
かけることによつて、再使用可能な液と排棄すべ
き固形かすとに分離することができることを発見
した。斯くして、本発明によれば、上記目的を達
成し得る方法として、果実の剥皮のために使用さ
れた廃薬品液を30℃以上の温度で加圧浮上分離に
付し、得られた清澄液を、必要に応じて組成濃度
を調整したのち、剥皮のための薬品液として再使
用することから成る方法が提供される。
添付の第１図には、みかん缶詰の製造に際して
二液法によつて内皮剥皮を行なう場合に本発明の
方法を適用した例が示されている。身割りされた
みかんの処理に使用された希塩酸水溶液は、加圧
浮上分離によつて清澄液と浮上物とに分けられ
る。廃薬品液の種類や分離のためにかける時間に
よつて差はあるが、供給された廃薬品液の少なく
とも約80％の量、場合によつては100％に近い量
が清澄液として回収される。清澄液は、必要に応
じて塩酸及び水で所望の濃度に調整されたのち、
次回の酸処理に再使用される。浮上物は、例えば
焼却することにより、排水処理を殆んど必要とす
ることなく、処分することができる。酸処理を受
けたのち水洗されたみかんは、次に希アルカリ水
溶液で処理されたのち水洗されることにより、内
皮が剥がされる。ここで使用された希アルカリ水
溶液もまた、上記希塩酸水溶液と同様に、加圧浮
上分離に付されて、効率よく清澄液と浮上物とに
分けられ、清澄液は、必要に応じてアルカリ及び
水で所望の濃度に調整されたのち、次回のアルカ
リ処理に再使用される。浮上物は、上記と同様に
排棄される。
一液法によつてみかんの内皮を剥皮するのに使
用されるリン酸塩−苛性ソーダ水溶液及びももや
アンズの外皮剥皮に使用される苛性ソーダ水溶液
についても、上記に準じて操作することにより、
回収再使用が可能である。
加圧浮上分離のための装置としては種々のもの
が市販されており、いずれも本発明において使用
可能であるが、加圧室が円柱形の型式のものより
は逆円錐形の型式のものの方が、特に一液法にお
ける廃薬品液の場合、分離効率に勝つている。廃
薬品液は粘度が高いので、約30℃より低い温度で
は分離効率が低い。それ故、分離に際しては、加
温することが望ましいが、みかん処理用の薬品液
の場合には、高温すぎると清澄液の着色が甚だし
くなるので、約55℃まで、せいぜい約60℃までと
される。もも又はアンズ処理用の薬品液の場合に
は、100℃に近い温度での分離操作も可能であ
る。
みかん処理用薬品液の廃液について、添付の第
２図に示す加圧浮上分離機を用いて、圧力＝４
Kg／cm2、液温＝35℃、廃薬品液と加圧水との比＝
１：１なる条件の下で、本発明を実施した場合の
結果を、第１〜３表に掲げる。
Conventionally, in the production of canned fruits, various chemical solutions have been used to peel the fruit. For example, in the case of canned mandarin oranges, due to endodermal peeling,
A method using an aqueous hydrochloric acid solution and an aqueous caustic soda solution (two-liquid method) and a method using an aqueous solution containing caustic soda and phosphate (one-liquid method) are known.
Furthermore, in the case of canned peaches and apricots, an aqueous solution of caustic soda is used to remove the outer skin. The waste liquid from using these chemical solutions for skin peeling contains a large amount of polysaccharides such as pectin and is highly viscous, making it difficult for activated sludge bacteria to digest it.
Pectin is aggregated and removed using slaked lime and then treated as wastewater. However, in recent years, as regulations regarding wastewater have become stricter, expansion of wastewater treatment facilities has been required, and as a result, wastewater treatment has come to require high costs. An object of the present invention is to provide a new method that does not require such high-cost wastewater treatment by collecting and reusing waste chemical liquid. The present inventors have discovered that by subjecting waste chemical liquid to pressure flotation separation, it is possible to separate it into a reusable liquid and solid waste to be disposed of. Thus, according to the present invention, as a method for achieving the above object, waste chemical liquid used for peeling fruits is subjected to pressure flotation separation at a temperature of 30°C or higher, and the resulting clarified A method is provided which comprises reusing the solution as a chemical solution for peeling, after adjusting the composition concentration as required. FIG. 1 attached herewith shows an example in which the method of the present invention is applied to the case where endothelial peeling is carried out by a two-component method during the production of canned mandarin oranges. The dilute aqueous hydrochloric acid solution used to treat the split mandarin oranges is separated into a clear liquid and a floating material by pressure flotation. Although there are differences depending on the type of waste chemical liquid and the time taken for separation, at least approximately 80% of the supplied waste chemical liquid, and in some cases close to 100%, is recovered as clarified liquid. Ru. The clarified liquid is adjusted to the desired concentration with hydrochloric acid and water as necessary, and then
It will be reused for the next acid treatment. The floating material can be disposed of, for example, by incineration, with little need for wastewater treatment. The mandarin oranges that have been acid-treated and washed with water are then treated with a dilute alkaline aqueous solution and then washed with water to remove the inner skin. The dilute aqueous alkali solution used here is also subjected to pressure flotation separation, like the dilute aqueous hydrochloric acid solution mentioned above, to efficiently separate it into a clear liquid and a floating material. After adjusting the concentration to the desired concentration, it is reused for the next alkaline treatment. Floating objects are discarded in the same manner as above. The phosphate-caustic soda aqueous solution used for peeling the inner skin of mandarin oranges by the one-component method and the caustic soda aqueous solution used for peeling the outer skin of peaches and apricots were also treated in the same manner as above.
It is possible to collect and reuse. Various types of pressurized flotation separation devices are commercially available, and any of them can be used in the present invention. However, especially in the case of waste chemical liquids in the one-liquid method, it has superior separation efficiency. Since the waste chemical liquid has a high viscosity, the separation efficiency is low at temperatures below about 30°C. Therefore, it is desirable to heat the liquid during separation, but in the case of chemical solutions for mandarin orange treatment, if the temperature is too high, the coloration of the clarified liquid will be severe, so it is recommended to heat it to about 55℃, or at most about 60℃. Ru. In the case of chemical liquids for treating peaches or apricots, separation operations can be performed at temperatures close to 100°C. Regarding the waste liquid of chemical liquid for mandarin orange processing, pressure = 4 using the pressurized flotation separator shown in the attached Figure 2.
Kg/cm 2 , liquid temperature = 35℃, ratio of waste chemical liquid to pressurized water =
Tables 1 to 3 list the results when the present invention was carried out under the condition of 1:1.
【表】【table】
【表】【table】
【表】
次に、本発明を実施例に従つて具体的に説明す
る。各実施例中の％は、いずれも重量基準であ
る。
実施例 １
温州みかん1.3Kgの外皮を剥皮しホロ割りして
得た内果10KgをNaOH0.3％及びK3PO40.5％を含
む薬品液に40分間浸漬して内果皮を剥皮し、水洗
し、通常の方法により缶詰を製造した。
上記の浸漬処理に使用ずみの薬品液の廃液15
を35℃に加熱し、4.0Kg／cm2の圧力で10分間第２
図の加圧浮上分離機にかけることにより、COD
が20％、浮遊物が100％除去されて、NaOH0.2％
及びK3PO40.4％を含む清澄液12を得た。次い
で、この清澄液にNaOH、K3PO4及び水を加え
て、次回の浸漬処理に使用するための、
NaOH0.3％及びK3PO40.5％を含む薬品液15を
調製した。
実施例 ２
温州みかん13Kgの外皮を剥皮しホロ割りして得
た内果10Kgを0.9％のHCl水溶液に50分間浸し、
水洗後さらに0.5％のNaOH水溶液に20分間浸
し、水洗し、通常の方法により缶詰を製造した。
上記の浸漬処理に使用したHCl水溶液の廃液15
を35℃に加熱し4.0Kg／cm2の圧力で20分間第２
図の加圧浮上分離機にかけることにより、COD
が２％、浮遊物が100％除去されて、0.8％のHCl
を含む清澄液14.2を得た。次いで、この清澄液
に濃HCl水溶液及び水を添加して、次回の浸漬処
理に使用するための、0.9％HCl水溶液15を調
製した。
また、上記の浸漬処理に使用したNaOH水溶液
の廃液15を上記と同様に加圧浮上分離機にかけ
ることにより、CODが20％、浮遊物が100％除去
されて、0.4％のNaOHを含む清澄液12を得
た。次いで、この清澄液にNaOH及び水を添加し
て、次回の浸漬処理に使用するための、0.5％
NaOH水溶液15を調製した。
実施例 ３
桃10Kgを半割り除核したのち、これに沸騰した
５％NaOH水溶液を散布し、水洗して剥皮し、通
常の方法により缶詰を製造した。
上記の浸漬処理に使用したNaOH水溶液の廃液
10を、100℃に近い温度のまま、4.0Kg／cm2の圧
力で10分間第２図の加圧浮上分離機にかけること
により、CODが20％、浮遊物が100％除去され
て、４％のNaOHを含む清澄液８を得た。次い
で、この清澄液にNaOH及び水を添加して、次回
の処理に使用するための、NaOH水溶液10を調
製した。[Table] Next, the present invention will be specifically explained according to Examples. All percentages in each example are based on weight. Example 1 10 kg of endocarp obtained by peeling the outer skin of 1.3 kg of Satsuma mandarin orange and splitting it into pieces was immersed in a chemical solution containing 0.3% NaOH and 0.5% K 3 PO 4 for 40 minutes to peel the endocarp, and washed with water. Then, canned food was produced using a conventional method. Waste chemical solution used in the above immersion treatment 15
heated to 35℃ and heated for 10 minutes at a pressure of 4.0Kg/ cm2 .
By applying it to the pressurized flotation separator shown in the figure, COD
20%, suspended matter 100% removed, NaOH 0.2%
A clear liquid 12 containing 0.4% of K 3 PO 4 was obtained. NaOH, K 3 PO 4 and water were then added to this clarified solution to prepare it for use in the next soaking process.
Chemical solution 15 containing 0.3% NaOH and 0.5% K 3 PO 4 was prepared. Example 2 10 kg of the inner fruit obtained by peeling the outer skin of 13 kg of Satsuma mandarin oranges and splitting them into pieces was immersed in a 0.9% HCl aqueous solution for 50 minutes.
After washing with water, they were further immersed in a 0.5% NaOH aqueous solution for 20 minutes, washed with water, and produced canned goods in a conventional manner. Waste liquid of HCl aqueous solution used in the above immersion treatment15
heated to 35℃ and heated at a pressure of 4.0Kg/ cm2 for 20 minutes.
By applying it to the pressurized flotation separator shown in the figure, COD
is 2%, suspended matter is 100% removed, and 0.8% HCl
A clear liquid containing 14.2 was obtained. Next, a concentrated HCl aqueous solution and water were added to this clear liquid to prepare a 0.9% HCl aqueous solution 15 for use in the next immersion treatment. In addition, by applying the waste liquid 15 of the NaOH aqueous solution used in the above immersion treatment to a pressure flotation separator in the same manner as above, 20% of COD and 100% of suspended matter were removed, resulting in a clarified product containing 0.4% NaOH. Liquid 12 was obtained. NaOH and water were then added to this clarified solution to form a 0.5% solution for use in the next soaking process.
NaOH aqueous solution 15 was prepared. Example 3 After 10 kg of peaches were halved and enucleated, a boiled 5% NaOH aqueous solution was sprayed on the peaches, the peaches were washed with water and the skins were peeled, and canned goods were manufactured by a conventional method. Waste liquid of NaOH aqueous solution used in the above immersion treatment
By subjecting 10 to the pressure flotation separator shown in Figure 2 for 10 minutes at a pressure of 4.0 kg/cm 2 at a temperature close to 100°C, 20% of COD and 100% of suspended matter were removed. A clear liquid 8 containing % NaOH was obtained. Next, NaOH and water were added to this clear liquid to prepare an aqueous NaOH solution 10 for use in the next treatment.
第１図は本発明の工程の一例を示すフローシー
ト、第２図は本発明において使用される加圧浮上
分離機の一例を示す断面図である。
第１図において、Ａは原料、Ｂは外皮、Ｃは清
澄液（酸度の調整）、Ｄは浮上物、Ｅは清澄液
（アルカリ度の調整）、Ｆは浮上物、は外皮剥、
は身割、は酸処理（0.7％HCl）、は加圧浮
上分離、は水洗、はアルカリ処理（0.6％
NaOH）、は加圧浮上分離、は水洗を表わ
す。
第２図において、１は加圧室、２は圧縮空気噴
出ノズル、３は圧力計、４は圧力引抜き口、５は
浮上分離室、６は加圧水噴出口、７は清澄水取出
口である。
FIG. 1 is a flow sheet showing an example of the process of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing an example of a pressure flotation separator used in the present invention. In Figure 1, A is the raw material, B is the hull, C is the clarified liquid (adjustment of acidity), D is the floating material, E is the clarified liquid (adjustment of alkalinity), F is the floating material, is the hull peeling,
Flesh splitting, acid treatment (0.7% HCl), pressure flotation, water washing, alkali treatment (0.6%)
NaOH), stands for pressure flotation, and stands for water washing. In FIG. 2, 1 is a pressurizing chamber, 2 is a compressed air jet nozzle, 3 is a pressure gauge, 4 is a pressure extraction port, 5 is a flotation separation chamber, 6 is a pressurized water jet port, and 7 is a clear water outlet.
Claims (1)
℃以上の温度で加圧浮上分離に付し、得られた清
澄液を、必要に応じて組成濃度を調整したのち、
剥皮のための薬品液として再使用することを特徴
とする果実缶詰の製造における果実剥皮用薬品液
の回収方法。1 30% waste chemical solution used for fruit peeling
After subjecting the obtained clarified liquid to pressure flotation separation at a temperature of ℃ or higher and adjusting the composition concentration as necessary,
A method for recovering a chemical liquid for peeling fruits in the production of canned fruits, characterized in that it is reused as a chemical liquid for peeling.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10977578A JPS5537143A (en) | 1978-09-08 | 1978-09-08 | Recovery of fruit peeling agent |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10977578A JPS5537143A (en) | 1978-09-08 | 1978-09-08 | Recovery of fruit peeling agent |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5537143A JPS5537143A (en) | 1980-03-15 |
| JPS6221504B2 true JPS6221504B2 (en) | 1987-05-13 |
Family
ID=14518904
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10977578A Granted JPS5537143A (en) | 1978-09-08 | 1978-09-08 | Recovery of fruit peeling agent |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5537143A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0286101U (en) * | 1988-09-07 | 1990-07-09 |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105919143A (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2016-09-07 | 河北绿岭庄园食品有限公司 | Peeling treatment technology of walnut dregs |
| CN106235354B (en) * | 2016-10-02 | 2018-05-01 | 台州骊威环保科技有限公司 | Peel removal device in orange can processing equipment |
-
1978
- 1978-09-08 JP JP10977578A patent/JPS5537143A/en active Granted
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0286101U (en) * | 1988-09-07 | 1990-07-09 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5537143A (en) | 1980-03-15 |
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