JPS62207473A - Fire extinguishing apparatus having fire detector - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] This invention relates to a fire extinguishing system having a fire detection device, and relates to a fire extinguishing system having a fire detection device. The system was designed to detect fires in the area early and quickly so that extinguishing operations can continue.

[Conventional technology]

Fire detection and extinguishing operations in restricted areas such as tunnels and ducts are
Conventionally, this was done by installing separate devices for each, and the fire detection device consisted of fire detection units such as smoke detection type and heat detection type arranged in a scattered manner in the caution area, and the fire extinguishing device ,
Water from the extinguishing agent supply section connected to the proximal end of the long pipe is placed in a scattered manner on the long pipe leading to the warning area where the extinguishing agent discharge head is.
It is suggested that a fire extinguishing agent such as C02 or N2 gas be discharged from a fire extinguishing agent discharge head.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

Therefore, since both the fire detection device and the fire extinguishing device are installed, the equipment costs are high and a large equipment area is required.

Some simple fire extinguishing devices release extinguishing agents such as water, foam, or gas into restricted areas from openings such as manholes or parts that can be opened, but a large amount of extinguishing agent is consumed and it is difficult to clean up after extinguishing a fire. There are problems such as requiring a large amount of effort.

[Means for solving problems]

This invention enables early and reliable detection of fires in restricted areas that are of considerable length or spread, and extinguishes them using appropriate extinguishing agents, and has two functions: fire detection and fire extinguishing. We are proposing a fire extinguishing system with low equipment cost, and its configuration includes multiple small suction holes (3) in the midway in the Nagahira direction to suck in smoke, etc. generated within the restricted area (1). Sampling tubes (2) each have a suction opening C4 at the tip end (2a) for sucking carrier air to send the sucked smoke etc. to the base end (2b).
) and the proximal end (2b) of the sampling tube (2), and switch! (7) and a fire detection unit (5) and a fire extinguishing agent supply unit (6) which are connected to each other in a selective manner via the suction opening (4), and a base end (2b ) side at the tip (2a), and is normally closed to the suction opening (4).
), the valve device (9) is configured to operate so that the proximal end (2b) communicates with the base end (2b), and the communication is closed when extinguishing agent is released. This is a fire extinguishing system that has a detection device.

[Effect]

When a fire is detected, the sampling W (2) is connected to the fire detection part (5) by the connection switching device (force), and smoke, etc. sucked in from the small suction hole (3) is sucked in from the suction opening (4). The carrier air quickly reaches the fire detection unit (5) and is detected, and when a fire is detected, the connection switching device (by force, the sampling tube (5)
2) is connected to the extinguishing agent supply No. 16), and the small suction hole (3)
Fire extinguishing agent will be released into the restricted area (11) to extinguish the fire.

[Embodiment]

Next, an experimental example that is the basis of the embodiment of the present invention will be explained based on the drawings.

As shown in the side view in Figure 1, a sampling tube (2) is placed in the caution area (1), and this sampling tube (2)
In the midway in the Nagahira direction, there are multiple holes for sucking air containing smoke, heat, gas, etc. (hereinafter referred to as smoke, etc.) generated from the fire source in the caution area (1). A suction hole (3) is provided at the tip (2a) of the sampling tube (2).
) is provided with a suction opening (4) for sucking carrier air to send the sucked smoke, etc. to the base end ff12b), and the base end (2b) is connected to the sampling tube (2) in the longitudinal direction. The base end (2b) can be selectively connected to either the fire detection part (5) or the extinguishing agent supply part (6) by connecting the base end (2b) to either the fire detection part (5) or the extinguishing agent supply part (6). Part (2b)
and the fire detection section (5) and the extinguishing agent supply section (6), and each small suction hole (3) is filled with water, powder, or extinguishing agent.
Fire extinguishing agent discharge head (8) that can discharge foam etc. to the outside in a mist form.
, and a valve device (9) is provided in the sampling pipe (2) between the suction opening C4) and the suction hole (3) closest to the tip (2a) - this valve device fft<91 is such that the base end (2b) always communicates with the suction opening (4),
When releasing the extinguishing agent, the suction opening 14) is connected to the base end (2b).
For example, when the extinguishing agent is discharged, the valve unit (9) closes due to the pressure of the extinguishing agent, and the suction opening (9) closes due to the pressure of the extinguishing agent. 4) may be constituted by a check valve that is shut off from the proximal end (2b) and whose valve part is normally opened by its own restoring force or a spring, or alternatively, the distal end (2b)
The valve system f(9) may be constituted by a float valve whose float part floats due to the buoyancy of the extinguishing agent flowing into the vicinity of the fire extinguisher, and functions to perform the above-mentioned shutoff operation. When the fire detection operation is performed by the detection section (5), the electromagnetic solenoid section is operated by the command of the control section (1) which is delayed, thereby closing the valve section and performing the above-mentioned shutoff operation. The valve device (
9). The illustrated fire detection section (5) is
An ionization type fire detector consisting of a fire detector (11) for detecting smoke, etc. and a suction fan circle, and detecting a decrease in the ionization current of the detection part due to combustion products of smoke, as the fire detector 1 mark, Alternatively, various types can be used, such as a smoke detection type such as a photoelectric type that detects scattered light reflected by smoke particles, and a heat detection type that detects an increase in the temperature of the air.

Further, the extinguishing agent supply section (6) includes, for example, an extinguishing agent supply source (13
The control unit a (lil) is composed of, for example, a microcomputer having drive and display functions, and the fire detection unit (2b) is normally connected to the base end (2b). 5) is connected so that the command to control the sword is output from the control unit (11), and when a fire is detected by the fire detector Uυ, the occurrence of a fire is notified (multiple fire detection (If the fire extinguishing agent supply section (6) is connected to the base end (2b), the fire extinguishing agent supply section (6) is connected to the base end (2b).) (7)
A command is output to control the pump I, a command to operate the pump I is output from the control section α, and the valve system e (9) is closed based on the water pressure or the control section (110 command) to extinguish the fire. Water from the extinguishing agent supply source CI is discharged through the proximal end (2b) and the sampling tube (2) to the outside from the extinguishing agent discharge head (8) attached to the suction hole (3).Extinguishing agent Source a
31 may supply a fire extinguishing gas such as C02-N2 or Heron in addition to water, or may include a mixer for mixing water into the foam stock solution. For the extinguishing agent discharge head (8), for example, if the extinguishing agent is water, an open water spray head is used, if the extinguishing agent is gas, a gas discharge head is used, and if the extinguishing agent is foam, an aspirator type head, etc. is used. Naruga.

By omitting the extinguishing agent discharge head (8), the small suction hole (
In 3), a structure may be adopted in which the gas is directly released.

Next, we will explain in detail the research results regarding the various issues involved in ensuring that fire detection operations are performed quickly and reliably.

The amount of air sucked in from the suction opening @ (4) is:
Smoke, etc. sucked into the sampling tube (2) is absorbed into the proximal end (2b
), the opening area of the suction hole (41) was changed in various ways for the sampling tube without the small suction hole (3). The arrival time for smoke, etc. to reach the proximal end (2b) was determined through experiments, and this is shown in the lower part of Figure 2. As shown in the solid line for a book with a different number of holes and the dotted line for a book with one hole but a different hole diameter, those with a large number of holes or a large hole diameter, that is, suction openings. If the area of the opening is larger than that of section (4), the arrival time will be sufficiently short (and the response of fire detection will be excellent. The relationship between the area and the flow rate in the sampling tube is determined by the suction opening (4).
The hole diameter is 2 dragons and the number of holes is changed by the double solid line.
In addition, although the number of holes is one and the hole diameter is changed, the double dotted line is used to illustrate each hole, but if the opening area of the suction opening (4) is larger than that, the flow velocity will be sufficiently low. This confirms that the responsiveness of fire detection is excellent.

The upper part of Figure 2 shows the experimental results of the effect of the opening area on the flow rate of air flowing in the sampling tube.The total suction flow t(1
/-r+Lζ) is shown by the solid line, and the number of holes is 1 but the hole diameter is changed by the dotted line, respectively.
) If the opening area of the culm dust is wide, the suction flow rate will also be large, and the amount of culm dust that is sucked into the sampling tube (2) due to the illusion will be large. ! ! It has been found that smoke, etc., can be reliably sent to the proximal end (2b) by a sufficient flow of air. The arrival time is sufficiently short, the flow velocity is large, and the suction flow rate is also large. 3 tJ or more, that is, about λ of the cross-sectional area of the sampling tube (2) with a diameter of 25 mm. 1. For example, it has been found that it is sufficient if there are 16 or more books with a diameter of 2 or more, or 1 hole with a diameter of 8 or more.

From the above, in the case of a sampling tube (2) with a small suction hole (3) in the middle, the suction opening (4) is necessary to obtain a sufficiently short arrival time for practical purposes. Since it is sufficient that the total area is even smaller than the above-mentioned size, the following experiment was conducted. That is, the diameter is 25m.
When we installed a small suction hole with a diameter of 2" in a 40 m long Samburi pipe, and also provided a suction opening with a diameter of 5 mm at the tip, the arrival time of the smoke sucked in from the small suction hole at the tip was as follows. , about 1 compared to the case where the suction opening is not provided at the tip.
/3, which is about 40 seconds. From this, the suction opening at the tip has a sufficient effect if it is larger than the opening area of the suction hole, and specifically, the suction opening at the tip has a sufficient effect if it is larger than the opening area of several suction holes. It was found that it has.

Figure 3 shows the pipe diameter of sampling pipe (2) 't25mx.
.

The results of experiments with various hole diameters of the suction opening (4) are illustrated for the flow velocity or total suction flow rate in the cases of 30 and 40 birds, and as the hole diameter becomes smaller, the flow velocity and total flow rate decrease. As shown by the vertical two-dot chain line in the figure, when the hole diameter of the suction opening (4) is 8 or more, the flow velocity and total suction flow rate are both approximately constant. It has been found that the response time for fire detection is short and that low-A degree smoke, etc. can be reliably detected.

In addition, regarding the opening area of the suction holes (3), a plurality of suction holes (3) with a hole diameter of 2W are provided at approximately equal intervals in a sampling tube (2) with a diameter of 25 mm and a length of 1 a4 m. Regarding the actual measurement result of the arrival time until the smoke, etc. near the tip (2a) of the sampling tube r2) reaches the base end (2b), the fourth The case of small suction holes (3) with a hole diameter of 4fi is shown by the solid line in the figure, and the case of small suction holes (3) with a hole diameter of 4fi is shown by the dotted line in the same figure, and in the case of any of the above hole diameters, the number of small suction holes (3) is reduced. As a result, the arrival time is becoming shorter. Also, the arrival time for the hole diameter of 4mm is slightly shorter than that for the hole diameter of 2fi. The suction flow rate C1/rrLn) of each suction hole (3) is not equal, and the single sampling tube (2
) The minimum suction flow rate, which indicates the minimum suction flow rate of each suction hole (3), is shown in Fig. 5 when the number of suction holes (3) is varied. Small hole (3
), the maximum value - is shown at the 45th numerical point. Then, the maximum suction flow rate indicating the maximum of the suction flow rates of each of the suction holes (3) was investigated with various numbers of suction holes (3). Find the average value of the suction flow rate for the changed ones, divide the above minimum suction flow rate by the average value (minimum suction flow rate ratio), and use the solid line in Figure 6. Also, divide the above maximum suction flow rate by the average value. value (
The maximum suction flow rate ratio) is shown by the dotted line in Figure 6, but in the case of the sampling tube (2) with a small number of suction holes (3), the difference from the minimum suction flow rate ratio to the maximum suction flow rate ratio is extremely large. In this case, the suction flow rate in each small suction hole (3) varies greatly, and the suction flow rate is not stable.

However, in the range of about 24 to about 70, the number of suction holes (3) when the minimum suction flow rate in Figure @5 shows a value corresponding to about 65 or more (M) is the same. As shown in the figure, the rate of change of the minimum suction flow rate with respect to the number of suction holes (3) is small, and moreover, the suction flow rate ratio in FIG. ), the difference between the total car suction flow rate ratio and the maximum suction flow rate ratio is a small value, and if the suction holes (3) are within this range, the suction flow rate for each suction hole (3) is The base end (2) of the sampling tube (2) is supplied with a stable flow rate of air with small variations in the flow rate.
It can be sucked and sent towards b). The total area of the small suction holes (3) from about 24 to about 70 is about /7 to about/7 of the cross-sectional area of the sampling tube (2).
/2; Next, we will present the research results regarding the installation position of the fire detection part (5) in the longitudinal direction of the second sampling pipe (2).

In Fig. 7, the suction opening (4) is provided in the tip #A part (2a), and the dotted line shows the case where there is one piece with length l = Too m, and the case where there is two pieces with length e = 5 Qm. The case of the example is shown by a solid line, and the case of length A = 50 m is shown by a dashed line. This figure shows the results of measuring the arrival time for smoke, etc. sucked in from the small suction hole (3) to reach the base end (2b).In the case of the above example, 11 1007F 50 than the case? F+
It was found that the arrival time of the two items was significantly reduced.

〔Effect of the invention〕

The fire extinguishing system having the fire detection device according to the present invention is configured as described above, and when a fire is detected, the sampling W (2+) is connected to the fire detection section (5) by the reception switching device (force). The smoke, etc. that is sucked in from the small suction hole (3) quickly reaches the fire detection part (5) by the carrier air sucked in from the suction opening (4) and is detected at 1-. When a fire is detected, the sampling pipe (2) is connected to the extinguishing agent supply section (6) by the connecting switch ff (force), and the extinguishing agent is supplied from the small suction hole (3) to the warning area (1). Since the sampling tube (2) can be used for both fire detection and extinguishing operations, it can be configured as an inexpensive fire extinguishing system that occupies a small space, and can be used in large warning areas ( 1) The occurrence of a fire could be detected quickly and reliably, making it impossible to quickly extinguish the fire.

Further, the invention in an embodiment in which the opening area of the suction opening (4) is configured to be larger than several suction holes (3) of the sampling tube (2), The air flow rate or flow velocity becomes substantially stable, and low concentration smoke etc. can be reliably detected.

In addition, an embodiment of the invention in which the total area of the plurality of suction holes (3) is approximately 1/7 to 1/2 of the cross-sectional area of the sampling tube (2) reduces the arrival time of smoke, etc. The time period became sufficiently short that the fire could be detected quickly. In an embodiment of the invention in which the sampling tube (2) is connected to the fire detection section (5) at a substantially central position in its longitudinal force, the tip (2a) of the sampling tube +2)
Smoke, etc. drawn in from nearby areas.

This means that the fire detection section (5) near the approximately central position can be quickly reached.

Furthermore, an embodiment of the invention in which the valve device (9) is configured with a check valve so as to be closed by the extinguishing agent supply operation,
There is no need for a special control mechanism to control the opening and closing of the valve system R (9), and the float part floats up as the extinguishing agent is supplied. The embodiment of the invention in which the float valve is used to prevent #(9) from closing eliminates the need for a special control mechanism for the valve system [(9).

In addition, the invention has an embodiment in which a solenoid valve is used so that the valve system ff (9) is closed in conjunction with the fire detection operation.
This book allows you to perform the closing action quickly and eliminates waste of extinguishing agent.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The figures show embodiments of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a side view of the device in use, FIG. 2, FIG. 3, FIG. 4, FIG.
Drawing 6 and @ 7 are characteristic diagrams in the embodiment. Code explanation (1)...IF precepts and other areas (2)...
... Sampling tube (2a) ... Tip part
(2b)... Proximal end (3)... Suction hole
C4)...Suction opening (5)...
・Fire detection section (6)...Extinguishing agent supply section (
Power...Connection switching device (8)...Extinguishing agent discharge head (9)...Valve@Patent application Person Nomi Disaster Prevention Industry Co., Ltd. Agent
Patent Attorney Takayoshi Hayashi DB Miro I A-)L
Nshihi Figure 6 Takuro 1 Hon J E San

Claims (8)

[Claims] (1) A plurality of small suction holes are provided in the middle part in the longitudinal direction to suck in smoke generated within the restricted area, and a carrier air suction is provided at the tip to send the smoke, etc. that has been sucked in to the base end. a fire detection section and a fire extinguishing agent supply section connected to the proximal end of the sampling tube through a connection switching device so as to be able to switch between them. and is provided at the distal end on the proximal end side of the suction opening so that the proximal end communicates with the suction opening at all times, but the communication is closed when extinguishing agent is released. 1. A fire extinguishing system having a fire detection device, characterized in that the fire extinguishing device has a fire detection device. (2) A fire extinguishing system having a fire detection device according to claim 1, wherein the opening area of the suction opening is equal to or larger than several suction holes of the sampling tube. (3) The fire detection device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the total area of the plurality of small suction holes is about 1/7 to 1/2 of the cross-sectional area of the sampling tube. A fire extinguishing system with (4) The fire detection device according to claim 1, 2, or 3, wherein the sampling tube is connected to the fire detection section at a substantially central position in the longitudinal direction. Fire extinguishing equipment. (5) The fire detection device according to claim 1, wherein the valve device is constituted by a check valve whose valve portion has a function of being closed by an operation of supplying a fire extinguishing agent. Fire extinguishing equipment. (6) The valve device is constituted by a float valve whose float part floats up in response to the supply operation of the pre-explosive powder and performs the above-mentioned closing operation. A fire extinguishing system having the fire detection device described in paragraph 1. (7) The fire detection device according to claim 1, wherein the valve device is constituted by a solenoid valve having a function of performing the closing operation in conjunction with the fire detection operation. Fire extinguishing equipment. (8) The fire detection device according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the plurality of small suction holes are constituted by a fire extinguishing agent discharge head that serves both to suck smoke and discharge extinguishing agent. Fire extinguishing equipment.