JPS62205365A - Production of electrostatic image developing toner - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the uniform titled toner having excellent anti-offset property and fixing property at a low temp. and having a small diameter by dividing a starting material of the titled toner in a heated state at higher than temp. of fusing the pre scribed starting material, with adding a shearing stress to a dispersion system dispersed the prescribed material contg. a toner component in a prescribed binder resin. CONSTITUTION:The starting material of the titled toner is produced by incorporating the toner component to a binder resin of the toner which is obtd. by chemically binding at least one of a crystalline polymer having m.p. of 45-150 deg.C and a polar segment such as urethane, urea and a compd. contg. an ionic group. The starting material of the titled toner has preferably, for example, a particle having a mean particle size of 1-5mm. The starting material is dispersed in a liquid dispersion medium. The liquid dispersion medium comprises preferably an aqueous dispersion medium mainly comprising water or alcohol. The ratio of the starting material of the toner to the dispersion medium is preferably 30-95wt%. The titled toner is obtd. by dividing the starting material of the toner with adding the shearing stress at the heating state of more than the temp. of fusing the starting material to obtain the particle having a few mum particle diameter.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to the production of an I-ner for developing electrostatic latent images formed in electrophotography, electrostatic printing, electrostatic recording, etc. It is about the method.

[Background of the invention]

For example, in electrophotography, an electrostatic latent image is usually formed on a latent image carrier made of a photoconductive photoreceptor by charging and exposure, and then this electrostatic latent image is developed with toner, and the resulting toner is After the image is transferred to a support such as transfer paper, it is fixed by heating, pressure, etc. to form a visible image.

Formation of a visible image via such an electrostatic image is preferably achieved at high speed, and from this point of view, conventionally, a heat roller fixing method has been used in the fixing process, which has high thermal efficiency and is advantageous compared to other methods. Widely adopted.

However, in recent years, there has been a strong demand for even higher speeds, and in order to achieve this, it is essential to fix the 1, J toner image at high speed.

However, in 7 and 6, in the pigeon 1-ra fixing method, 1・-3-
In order to fix one image at high speed, the toner to be developed is required to have good low-temperature fixing properties, and for this purpose, it is necessary to lower the softening point of the binder resin for the toner. When the softening point of this binder resin is lowered by 11°, part of the lubricant that makes up the image during fixing is transferred to the surface of the heated roller, and this is reprinted on the transfer paper that is sent next. There is a tendency for the so-called oso-sesoto phenomenon, in which the particles metastasize and stain the image, to occur.

On the other hand, for example, by making the binder resin have a crosslinked structure 2 to increase the cohesive energy during melting,
Although there are technical means to obtain non-offset properties, these methods raise the softening point of the binder resin, making it difficult to perform low-temperature fixing of less than 1 minute.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

Under these circumstances, a technical means was developed to use a resin formed by chemically bonding at least one crystalline polymer with a melting point of 45 to 150°C and a polar segment L- as a binder resin for 1.S.-. (Special application 1986-210)
(See No. 039).

According to this technical means, it is possible to obtain a toner with excellent non-offset properties and low-temperature fixing properties.

On the other hand, toner generally has an average particle size of about 10 μm.
However, in order to form high-quality images, which have recently become particularly necessary, or to form clear multicolor images by overlapping colors, it is necessary to It is necessary to use particles whose average particle size is reduced to several micrometers.

However, in the crushing process, which is one of the general manufacturing processes for toner, mechanical crushing means such as jet crushing are usually used, but such mechanical crushing means have a crushing limit. It is generally difficult to obtain toner particles with an average particle diameter of several microns, and the resin formed by chemically bonding a crystalline polymer and a polar segment as described above has a soft portion. This soft part has a large degree of freedom of thermal vibration at room temperature, so the brittleness of the binder resin is low.
Therefore, in the crushing process that employs mechanical crushing means, the crushing energy is absorbed by the soft parts as vibration or kinetic energy, resulting in a decrease in crushability and, ultimately, an average particle size of several 1. I・with uniform particle size
ner particles cannot be obtained in high yield.

In addition, the toner particles have low fluidity because the shape of the 1 to 1 particle particles, which have been made fine by mechanical crushing means, is not uniform and undefined, and in this image formation process, the toner latent image cannot be formed. In addition to having a small amount of "A" deposited, "C" has a low transfer rate during the transfer process, resulting in a decrease in image quality and low density.In contrast, a fluidizing agent such as fine silica powder is added to the toner particle powder and mixed. There are technical means to improve the fluidity of toner, but fluidizers such as fine silica powder are usually hard and easily leave scratches such as minute recesses on the surface of the latent image carrier. In the cleaning process using , the toner particles embedded in the minute recesses remain without being cleaned.These residual toner particles are transferred and fixed to the transfer paper during subsequent image formation, resulting in dot-like spots, also known as black spots. Furthermore, when silica fine powder is added and mixed, the toner charge amount becomes more environmentally dependent, and the image quality tends to deteriorate.

On the other hand, methods for producing toner without using mechanical crushing means include, for example, a production method using an emulsion polymerization method and a production method using a suspension polymerization method.

However, in the case of emulsion polymerization, the particle size is 1
It is difficult to obtain toner particles of n or more, and it is also difficult to produce toner particles in which additives such as a charge control agent or magnetic powder are suitably contained inside the particles. In addition, when using the suspension polymerization method, the particle size is several μm.
It is difficult to produce toner particles with high yield,
Furthermore, since it is virtually impossible to use anything other than vinyl monomers as a material for polymerization, there is a problem of lack of versatility.

[Purpose of the invention]

The present invention has been made based on the above-mentioned circumstances, and its object is to provide excellent non-offset properties and low-temperature fixing properties, as well as small and uniform particle diameters to produce black images or multicolor images. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a toner for developing an electrostatic image, which can produce a toner for developing an electrostatic image with a high yield and that can form a high-quality image.

[Means for solving problems]

The method for producing the electrostatic image developing toner of the present invention has a melting point of 45
A step of obtaining a toner raw material by incorporating a toner component into a toner binder resin formed by chemically bonding at least one crystalline polymer of ~150° C. with a polar segment; and a step of incorporating the toner raw material into a liquid dispersion medium. The dispersion system is heated to a temperature higher than the temperature at which the toner raw material melts, and a shearing force is applied to the dispersion system to divide the dispersed toner raw material. do.

[Effect]

The resin used as the binder resin for toner in the present invention contains a so-called soft portion and is difficult to crush by ordinary mechanical crushing methods, but according to the method of the present invention, toner components can be incorporated into the binder resin for toner. In order to obtain toner raw materials by dispersing this toner raw material in a liquid dispersion medium and applying shearing force while heating it to a temperature above a specific temperature to divide the toner raw material to obtain toner particles. , it is possible to obtain toner particles having an average particle diameter of about several μm and having uniform particle diameters at a high yield. In other words, in the toner raw material splitting process, minute droplets of toner raw material are formed by heating and shearing force, but since there is a liquid dispersion medium around these minute droplets that does not dissolve them, shear The contradictory phenomena of splitting the toner raw material by force and coalescence of the droplets of the molten toner raw material proceed simultaneously.
Therefore, oversized particles are preferentially divided under the action of shearing force, while undersized particles gather together and coalesce, so that in an equilibrium state, the average particle size changes depending on the magnitude of shearing force. Droplets with a small diameter of several microns and extremely uniform particle diameter are formed, and as a result, toner particles with a small diameter can be efficiently obtained. Moreover, each droplet becomes spherical due to its own cohesive force in the liquid dispersion medium.
The resulting toner particles also have a spherical shape. Therefore, it is possible to simultaneously achieve sphericalization of the toner in the dividing step without requiring a separate process for specifically sphericalizing the toner particles, and it is possible to advantageously obtain spherical toner particles.

The binder resin for toner is a composite molecule obtained by chemically bonding a crystalline polymer and a polar segment, and a type of bonding structure caused by the polar group of the polar segment exists between these composite molecules. Therefore, during fixing, when the toner is heated to a temperature higher than the melting point of the crystalline polymer and a portion of this crystalline polymer melts, the toner particles are in a high reflow state within the particles, but there is a gap between the composite molecules. A type of bonding structure resulting from the polar group of the formed polar segment allows the toner particle to maintain its particle form, and as a result, the toner particles do not flow suddenly and a state of high elasticity is obtained. As a result, the transfer of the toner to the fixing roller is suppressed, and the toner is fixed at a low temperature. Further, crystalline polymers exhibit almost no tackiness at temperatures below their melting point, and toner particles that reflect this property also have excellent blocking resistance, which makes it difficult for agglomeration to occur. Since the resulting toner particles are spherical, they have high fluidity, and during development, the amount of toner deposited on the latent image carrier is high, making it possible to form an image with excellent contrast.

The present invention will be specifically explained below.

In the present invention, a toner raw material is obtained by incorporating a toner component into a toner binder resin, the details of which will be described later.
This toner raw material is dispersed in a liquid dispersion medium that does not dissolve the toner raw material, this dispersion system is heated to a temperature equal to or higher than the melting temperature of the toner raw material, and a shearing force is applied to the dispersion system in a heated state. The toner raw material, which is a dispersoid, is divided into small-diameter particles, and the small-diameter particles are collected to obtain a toner for developing an electrostatic image.

The above-mentioned I.S.-raw material is preferably in the form of powder or granules from the viewpoint of splitting efficiency by shearing force, for example, it is preferably in the form of powder or granules with a mean particle diameter of 1 to 5 mm.

As the liquid dispersion medium, since the binder resin for toner is usually lipophilic, a so-called aqueous dispersion medium containing water or alniol as a main component and containing small amounts of other components as necessary is generally used. It can be preferably used. It is usually preferable to include a dispersion stabilizer in the dispersion medium, and as the dispersion stabilizer, one selected from surfactants, water-soluble polymer substances, inorganic salts, etc. can be preferably used.

The ratio of the liquid dispersion medium forming the dispersion system and the 1-ner raw material that is the dispersoid is within a range such that the ratio of the 1-ner raw material to the total of the liquid dispersion medium and the toner base is 30 to 95% by weight. is preferred, particularly preferably from 40 to 90% by weight. By making the proportion of the dispersoid I~lunar material relatively large in this way, the applied shearing force is efficiently transmitted to the toner raw material, which allows the toner raw material to be divided economically with little energy consumption. can be achieved.

The heating temperature of the dispersion system may be a temperature at which the toner raw material is melted, but the heating temperature is such that the molten toner raw material existing as droplets in the liquid dispersion medium can be easily divided by the action of shear force. For example, it is preferable that the viscosity of the toner raw material is 10 to 106 poise, particularly 102 to 10 poise.
It is preferable to set the temperature to 6 poise.

In the present invention, the specific means for applying shear force to the heated dispersion system is not particularly limited. However, since the viscosity of the molten toner raw material is generally relatively high, it is preferable to use a stirring device suitable for this, such as a high-speed rotation shearing type stirring device, a multi-axis dispersion kneading device, such as a concentric double cylinder device, An anchor-type blade stirring device, a spiral band blade stirring device with a guide cylinder, a spiral band blade stirring device, a sand grinder, etc. can be preferably used. , - can be appropriately determined depending on the required particle size, the viscosity of the toner raw material, the particle size of the toner raw material, and other conditions.

By the above process 1-, the I-ner raw material is divided into particle diameters of about several n in the dispersion system Q, and a dispersion liquid in which the divided molten particles are dispersed in the liquid dispersion medium is obtained. The dispersion is cooled 2, and then the dispersion is poured into a large amount of insoluble liquid, or a large amount of insoluble liquid is added to the dispersion to form a suspension.
This suspension is subjected to a solid-liquid separation operation to obtain solid toner particles.

In the present invention, cooling of the dispersion liquid as described above.

This latter stage treatment, which includes the formation of susbenzi 1 and solid-liquid separation operations, is not absolute, but may be affected by the earlier stage treatment, which includes the separation of the 1-ner raw material by heating and stirring the dispersion system. In some cases, it is possible to obtain toner particles by directly cooling the resulting dispersion and directly subjecting it to a solid-liquid separation operation.

However, by performing the latter-stage processing as described above, it becomes easy to increase the proportion of toner raw material in the dispersion system in the earlier-stage processing as described above.
As a result, the molten resin body can be divided sufficiently and easily, which is preferable.

The insoluble liquid used in this latter stage treatment is the same liquid as that used as the liquid dispersion medium for the dispersion system;
Alternatively, another liquid may be used that dissolves in the liquid dispersion medium but does not dissolve the toner raw material.

Specific examples of stabilizers added to the liquid dispersion medium include the following.

0 surfactant phenol phosphate esters, dialkyl alkali bosphite, sodium oleate, glyceryl monooctadecanoate, 1,2-hydroxy-octadecanoic acid, β-naphthalenesulfonic acid formalin 11,
Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, partially esterified polyhydric alcohol, myristic acid, palmitic acid,
Stearic acid, phosphite, lecithin, fatty acids,
Aliphatic alcohol, alkali metal alkyl sulfate, alkylaryl sulfonate, maleate metal salt, alkaline earth metal tartrate, 6-soluble polyalkylene oxide, dictene derivative, sulfonium compound, formic acid, phosphoribid, oxalic acid, propyl phosphate , zinc carboxylate 0 water-soluble polymer substances methylcellulose, ethylcellulose, sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose, polyacrylic acid and its salts, polyvinyl alcohol, gelatin, starch, gum, alginic acid, zein, casein, polyacrylamide, polyethylene oxide, polyN - vinyl pyrrolidone, vinyl acetate-maleic acid-maleic anhydride copolymer,
saponified vinyl acetate-acrylic acid alkyl ester copolymer, maleic anhydride-vinyl methyl ether copolymer, partially saponified polyvinyl acetate, maleic acid-maleic anhydride-ethylene copolymer, acrylamide partial hydrolyzate, Vinyl acetate-crotonate ester, alkali methacrylate-methyl acrylate, acrylic acid-methyl acrylate 0 Inorganic salts phosphate, calcium phosphate, calcium carbonate, aluminum hydroxide, sodium phosphate, zinc hydroxide, cadmium hydroxide substances, monocalcium phosphate, colloidal silica, alumina sol, calcium oxalate, magnesium carbonate, zirconium phosphate, vanadyl sulfate, barium phosphate, ammonium phosphomolybdate, magnesium phosphate, magnesium hydroxide, zinc carbonate, sodium silicate and above. These dispersion stabilizers can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

In the present invention, as the toner binder resin, a resin in which at least one crystalline polymer having a melting point of 45 to 150° C. and a polar segment are chemically bonded is used.

Crystalline polymers with a melting point of 45 to 150°C are used; however, when using a crystalline polymer with a too low melting point, toner particles tend to aggregate and the blocking resistance decreases, whereas a crystalline polymer with a high melting point When using , low temperature fixing becomes difficult.

In the binder resin for toner, the proportion of the crystalline polymer is preferably about 65 to 90% by weight. Further, the toner may contain a non-quality polymer in addition to the resin. As such non-quality polymer, polyester, styrene-acrylic polymer, etc. which are incompatible with the resin can be preferably used, and the usage ratio is 0 to 0.
It is preferably 50% by weight, more preferably 5 to 40% by weight.

Further, the binder resin has a dynamic elastic modulus of 1.0 x 10'dyn/cnT or more at a temperature of 100°C and a melt viscosity of 5. It is preferable that it is OX 10' poise or less.

Further, the weight average molecular weight axis of the binder resin is 5.0
00-100.000, especially 10,000-50.00
The number average molecular weight Mn of the binder resin is preferably within the range of 2,000-50,000.
, Koma Q, 2 is preferably within the range of 3,000 to 15,000.

The melting point of the crystalline polymer and the dynamic elastic modulus of the binder resin described above can be measured as follows.

<Measurement of melting point of crystalline polymer> According to differential scanning thermal imaging method (DSC), polar segment 1
Take a sample of a crystalline polymer to be combined with ~, and let the melting peak value when several pieces of it are heated at a constant heating rate (10'C/ml) be the melting point. .

<Measurement of dynamic elastic modulus of binder resin> A sample of binder resin is melted at a certain temperature, a sine wave vibration is applied to this molten sample, and the dynamic elastic modulus is obtained from the torsion amplitude ratio and phase difference. .

In the binder resin, the crystalline polymer has a melting point within the range of 45 to 150°C, such as aliphatic polyester, aromatic polyester, aliphatic polyether, aromatic polyether, aliphatic polyamide, aromatic polyamide, Is it aliphatic polyacrylate, aromatic polyacrylate, etc., and its terminal? , anti-yya, 慴, ノ↓(sequence; (for example, a hydroxyl group, an amino group, a carboxyl group, a mercap group, an ＼
V:+1.1'.

This crystalline boria - has a weight @) 1' average molecular tail axis of 3.000 to 50.000 and a number average molecular weight Mn of 1
, 000 to 20,000. 1g of these crystals with too much or too little molecular weight
When a polymer is used, examples of the crystalline polymer include the following.

(]) Polyolefins: poly-1-butene, poly-3-methylbutene, poly-1
-hexadecene, poly-1-octadecene, poly-1-
Pentene, poly-4-mef-bentene, others (2) Polyvinyl esters: polyacrylic acid allyl ester, polyacrylic acid isobutyl ester, polyacrylic acid allyl ester, polyacrylic acid octadecyl ester, polyacrylic acid dodecyl ester, others (3) Polydienes: 1,2-poly-1,3-butadiene (isotactic), trans-1,4-poly-1,3-butadiene, cis-1,4-poly-2-t-butyl -1,3-butadiene, cis-chloroprene, trans-chloroprene, trans-1,4-poly-1,3-hebutadiene (isotactic), lance-1,4-poly-6-methyl-1 , 3-hebutadiene (isotactic), trans-L4-poly-L 3-hexadiene (isotactic), trans-1,4-poly-5-methyl-], 3
-Hexadiene (isotactic), others (4) polyesters: polydecamethylene adibate, polydecamethylene azela-1, polydecamethylene adibate, polydecamethylene sebacate, polydecamethylene adibe polyethylene sebacate, polyethylene sebacate, polyethylene succinate, polyhexamethylene sebacate, polyhexamethylene subere 1-, polyhexamethylene oxide, polyhexamethylene sebacate, poly- 10
-Hydroxycaprylic acid, poly-6-hydroxycaproic acid, poly-3-hydroxypropionic acid, others (5) Polyethers: polybutyl vinyl ether, polyisobutyl vinyl ether, polyisopropyl vinyl ether, polyethyl vinyl ether, poly-2-methoxy Ethyl vinyl ether, other (6) polyoxides: polyethylene oxide, polypropylene! Non-oxide, polyhexamethylene oxide, polydecamethylene oxide, polynonamethylene oxide, polydecamethylene oxide, polychloromethylethylene oxide, others (6) Polysulfides, polysulfone, polyethylene disulfide, polytetramethylene sulfide, polypenta Methylene sulfide, polyhexamethylene sulfide, polydecamethylene oxide, Bolite I/ramethylene sulfone, and others (7) Polysaccharides: poly-1,4-B-D-glucose tricabrilate,
Others (8) Other than the above: poly-4-(4-methylthiophenoxy)-ethyleneamine, poly-6-mercaptocaproic acid, polydipropylsiloxane, etc. The polar segment used in the present invention refers to the above-mentioned crystalline polymer. It is a compound that has a polar group in addition to the bonding part. Examples of such polar groups include urethane, urea, and ionic groups (e.g., halogen atoms, amino groups, hydroxyl groups, carboxyl groups, etc.), and these may exist alone in the polar segment or , or a mixture of multiple items. Specifically, as this polar segment, one can be used that has a group capable of bonding with the crystalline polymer in a part thereof, and also has a polar group in the part other than the part bonded with the crystalline polymer, and the main body thereof That is, the structure of the portion that constitutes the trunk is not particularly limited.

That is, the polar segment combines with the crystalline polymer to form a so-called composite molecule, and in the state where the composite molecule is formed, the polar groups present in the polar segment other than the bond with the crystalline polymer, for example, hydrogen They are bonded by chemical bonding forces such as bonding or ionic attraction to form a kind of bonding structure, which provides excellent non-offset properties in the toner.

Preferable polar segments have the following general formula (
These are urethane segments, urea segments, and urethane urea segments shown in 1).

General formula (1) (wherein R represents an alkylene group, cyclo ring, aromatic ring, or a divalent group containing them, R' represents an aliphatic or aromatic group derived from a diol or diamine, X represents any intermediate bond, and n represents an integer of 1 or more, preferably an integer of 2 to 5. When n is 2 or more, R and R' each represent all basic units (general formula(
The parts enclosed in parentheses in 1) may be the same, or the basic units may be different. ) The polar segment represented by the above general formula (1) can be obtained, for example, by reacting a diisocyanate with a diol or diamine. As diisocyanate,
For example, hexamethylene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, tolylene diisocyanate, toridine diisocyanate, naphthylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, xylylene diisocyanate, etc. can be used, and as the diol, for example, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol,
Hexanediol, cyclohexane dimetatool, p-
Xylylene glycol and the like can be used, and as the diamine, for example, ethylene amine, hexamethylene diamine, phenylene diamine, etc. can be used.

Such a polar segment is preferably one in which the value of n in the general formula (1) is within the range of 2 to 5, and n
When the value of is too small, the elastic modulus required to prevent the offset phenomenon may not be obtained.

When the polar segment represented by the above general formula (1) is used, a high elastic modulus necessary to prevent the offset phenomenon can be obtained without increasing the molecular weight of the crystalline polymer. Furthermore, the low tackiness below the melting point of the crystalline polymer is reliably reflected when it is made into a toner, making it possible to obtain a toner with excellent blocking resistance.

The toner raw material used in the present invention is one in which a specific resin as described above is used as a toner binder resin, and toner components such as a colorant or additives used as necessary are contained in this binder resin. be.

Examples of the colorant include carbon plastic.

Nigrosine dye (C,!, 50415B), anilineyl (C, 1, No, 50405), calco oil blue (C1, positive azoic BIue3), Chrono 1 yellow (C, I, Na14090), ultramarine Blue (C, 1, ltk+, 77I03), DuPont Oil Red (C, T, No. 26105), Quinoline Yellow (C, 1st Floor 47005), Methylene Blue Chlorai F (C, I.

NQ, 52015), Phthalocyanine Blue (C, 1,
Floor 74160), Maracay 1-Green Oxalate (
C,1,1tkt42000), lamp black (C,
1, No. 77266), Rose\Ngaru (C, 1
, lt&+, 45435), mixtures thereof, and the like can be used.

In addition to these, the following pigments and dyes can be used as colorants. The exemplified substance below is C6■ listed in the color index.

An example of the name number and the corresponding product name is shown.

0 Red R-kun C, 1, Pigment Red 31 (Polymorose FBL, manufactured by Japan Chemical Industry Association) C, 1, Pigment Red 84 (Pachin (manufactured by Fast Rupins) C.! Pigment 1/Ndo 89 (Fanara) Sokubinku RL, GAF Rei) C.T. Pigment 1/Sodo 123 (Kayasen 1 to Red E-B, 1] Mokikayaku Co., Ltd.) C.T.
1. Pigment Res 1ζ139 (Kaya Set Red E-Gl?, manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.)C.
1. Pigment Red 144 (Chromophthal Resod BRN, manufactured by Ciba Geigy) C. T. Pigment Red 149 (PV Fast Red R1 Hex Ill) C. 1. Pigmen 1-Red 166 (Chromophthal Scarlesotho R1 manufactured by Ciba Geigy) C. 1. Pigment Red 177 (Chromov Cool I/Nodohe 3B, manufactured by Chiha Geigy)
C. I, Bigmen I Red 178 (Kayaset Red E-GG, manufactured by Sanbonkayakusha)C.
1. Pigment Red 190 (Fenara Soxcale Nodo VR, manufactured by GAF) 0 Yellow pigment C. 1. Pigment Yellow 6 (Zanyo Fast Yellow 3G, Sansui Shiki Co., Ltd.) C.
1. Pigmen 1-Yellow 12 (Benzidine Yellow, E.1.Dej, manufactured by Bonn)C.
1. Pigment Yellow 13 (Fenarasoku Yellow BX, manufactured by GAF) C. T. Pigment Yellow 17 (Resol Yellow 1220, manufactured by BASF) c. r.
Pigment Yellow 83 (Resol Yellow 1781, manufactured by BASF) c. r. Pigment Yellow 95 (Chromof Cool Yellow GR, 1,000) (manufactured by Geigy) 0 Green Face Kun C. 1. Pigment Green 2 (Simure Sox Green F, manufactured by Dainippon Ink and Chemicals) C. 1. Pigment Green 7 (Chromophthal Green GF, manufactured by Ciba Geigy) C. 1. Bigmen 1 to Green 36 (Fastken Green 2YK, manufactured by Dainippon Ink and Chemicals) 0 Blue pigment C. 1. Pigment Blue 2 (Fanatone Blue B, manufactured by Sansui Shikisha) C. 1. Bigmen L-Blue 3 (Fanatone Blue 5B, manufactured by Sansui Shiki Co., Ltd.) C. 1.
Pigmen 1 to Blue 9 (Fanatone Blue 6G, manufactured by Sansui Shikisha) C. 1.
Bigmen 1-Blue 14 (Halopon 1-Blue RNM, E.1. manufactured by DuPont) c. i. Pigment Blue 15 (Luiga Light Blue BNS, manufactured by Chiha Geigy) CA
．． Pigmen 1-Blue 16 (Luigajin Blue 3GT, manufactured by Ciba Geigy) C. 1
．． Pigment Blue 60 (SumiRiki Coat Fast Blue BS, manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) C,1, Pigment Blue 66 (Microsol Navy Blue BRN, manufactured by Ciba Geigy Co., Ltd.) Also, the following organic solvent-soluble dyes can be preferably used. can be mentioned.

0 red dye C, 1, Solvent Red 3 (Orient Oil Brown BB, manufactured by Orient Chemical Co., Ltd.) C, R, Solvent Red 16 (Olaceso Tread B1 manufactured by Ciba Geigy) C, L Solvent Red 24 (Orient Oil Red RR, Orient C,1, Solvent Red 83 (Eisenspiron Red BEH1 manufactured by Hodogaya Chemical Co., Ltd.) C,1, Solvent Red 125 (Orazol Red G, manufactured by Ciba Geigy Co., Ltd.) C,1, Solvent Red 179 (Kaya Set Red A-2G, manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.) O orange dye C, 1, Solvent Orange 2 (Eisen Edible Orange No. 2, manufactured by Udogaya Chemical Co., Ltd.) C, 1,
Solvent Orange 7 (Eisen Food Red No. 5, manufactured by Udougaya Chemical Co., Ltd.) C, 1,
Solvent Orange 37 (Eisen Subiron Orange GR11, manufactured by Odugaya Kagaku Co., Ltd.) O Yellow Dye C,1, Solvent Yellow 2 (Orient Oil Yellow GG, manufactured by Orient Chemical Co., Ltd.) C,1, Solvent Yellow 14 (Orient Oil Orange PS1 Orient C, 1, Solvent Yellow 16 (Orient Oil Yellow 3G, manufactured by Orient Chemical Co., Ltd.) C, 1, Solvent Yellow 25 (Eisenspiron Yellow 3R) I, manufactured by Udugaya Chemical Co., Ltd.) C11, Solvent Yellow 60 (manufactured by Udogaya Chemical Co., Ltd.) Eisen Subiron Yellow GRI (manufactured by Udougaya Kagaku Co., Ltd.) C,1, Solvent Yellow 77 (Kayaset Yellow G, manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.) 0 Green Dye C,1, Tsurhentogeleen 3 (Kayascent Green A- B, manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.) C,1
, Solvent Green 20 (Sumiplast Green 5G, manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) C, 1
, Solvent Green 29 (Kaya Set Green 952, manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.) 0 Blue dye C, T, Solvent Blue 4 (Eisen Victoria Blue B base, manufactured by Odugaya Chemical Co., Ltd.) C, 1, Solvent Blue 49 (Orazole Blue BLN, manufactured by Ciba Geigy) C,
1, Solvent Blue 83 (Kaya Set Blue A-2R1 manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.) C, 1,
Solvent Blue 86 (Sumiplast Blue 3R, manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) 0 Indigo dye C,1, Solvent Violet 1 (Orazol Violet 3BN, manufactured by Ciba Geigy) C,1, Solvent Violet 21 (Eisenspiron Violet RH, Co., Ltd.) (manufactured by Tsuchigaya Kagaku Co., Ltd.) One or more of the above pigments and dyes may be used depending on the color tone required for the toner. The usage ratio of pigment and dye is the ratio of dye type 1t (Wd) to pigment weight (Wp), where the value of W d / W p is 0,00
It is preferably in the range of 5 to 0.5. If this value is too small, the effect may not be obtained; on the other hand, if this value is too large, high concealability may not be obtained.

The amount of the coloring agent used is preferably 1 to 20 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the binder resin, and if the amount used in (2) is too small, the G color density and hiding property may be insufficient.
On the other hand, if the amount is too large, the tone of the image becomes dark, and unfavorable effects may appear on the charging properties of the I-ner or on the physical properties during heat fixing.

Other additives include, for example, Onoseso I-inhibitors, fluidity improvers, and charge control agents.
Examples of the inhibitor include poly(17) fin wax,
Examples include fatty acid ester waxes and alkylene bis fatty acid amide compounds. Examples of the fluidity improver include fine silica powder.

Further, when forming a magnetic toner, a magnetic substance is contained in the binder resin together with or instead of the colorant. Such magnetic materials include ferrite I~, iron including magnetite, metals or alloys exhibiting ferromagnetism such as cobalt, nickel, etc., or y-,...:4'i,
Compounds containing these elements, or alloys that do not contain ferromagnetic elements but become ferromagnetic after being subjected to appropriate heat treatment, such as manganese, kugiji, aluminum, and manganese. - & IM] - alloys containing manganese and copper such as -) - alloys,
Or you can use silicium dioxide, etc.

It is preferable that these magnetic substances are uniformly dispersed in the binder resin in the form of fine particles with an average particle diameter of 0.1 to 1 μm. The content ratio of magnetic material is I・su-io
20 to 7 parts per heavy foot part is preferable, and more preferably 40 to 70 parts by weight.

I-+- again? m tj, for example, the ability to prevent the occurrence of so-called toner soiling phenomenon in which toner substances are present on the surface of carrier particles or the surface of a latent image carrier, or 1 - Contains a property improver for the purpose of imparting various 'li'N properties such as the ability to improve triboelectric charging properties.
Tomoyoshi. As such a property improver, for example, a resin which is an uncrosslinked polymer and does not contain 110 vol insoluble matter can be preferably used. Such resins include, for example, styrene polyvinylnaphthalene such as methane and parachloromethane; vinyl chloride, vinyl bromide, vinyl fluoride, vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate,
Vinyl esters such as vinyl benzoate and vinyl acetate; methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, acrylic acid n
- Methylene aliphatic compounds such as butyl, isobutyl acrylate, dodecyl acrylate, n-octyl acrylate, 2-chloroethyl acrylate, phenyl acrylate, methyl α-chloroacrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate Carboxylic acid esters; acrylonitrile; methacrylonitrile; acrylamide; vinyl ethers such as vinyl methyl ether, vinyl isobutyl ether, and vinyl ethyl ether; vinyl ketones such as vinyl methyl ketone and vinyl hexyl ketone; N-vinyl pyrrole, N-vinyl carbazole, A homopolymer obtained by polymerizing monomers such as N-vinylindole, N-vinylpyrrolidone, and the like; Copolymers obtained by copolymerization or mixtures of these homopolymers and copolymers, as well as rosin-modified resins, norformalin resins, oil-modified epoxy resins, and polymers.・Kun resin, yes! Examples include non-vinyl resins such as non-vinyl thermoplastic resins such as Lerose resin and polyether resin, and mixtures of these and the above-mentioned vinyl resins.

These resins may be contained in an amount of, for example, 90% or more by weight of the binder resin, as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.

According to the 1 hener for electrostatic image development obtained by the present invention,
Images can be formed by applying various developing methods. Specifically, for example, a magnetic brush of component (a) or a two-component developer is carried on a developer 1 general transport carrier in a state where the layer thickness is larger than the gap between the developer v4 castles, and this magnetic brush is used for developing. A contact-type magnetic brush method, in which l-ner particles or particle groups in the magnetic brush are brought into the area and the electrostatic latent image is rubbed by the magnetic brush, and development is carried out by adhering to the electrostatic latent image. b) A magnetic brush of component or two-component developer is supported on a developer transporting carrier in a state where the layer thickness is smaller than the gap between the developing areas, and this magnetic brush is carried into the developing area and the developing area is vibrated, for example. A jumping magnetic brush method in which development is carried out by applying an electric field or the like to cause toner particles or particle groups in a magnetic brush to fly and make the toner particles or particle groups adhere to an electrostatic latent image; (c) cascade method; A developing method such as the following can be applied.

〔Example〕

Examples of the present invention will be described in detail below, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples.

(Production of Binder Resin) (1) Binder Resin A A crystalline polymer made of polyhexamethylene sebacate shown by the above structural formula (melting point: 266°C, dynamic elastic modulus:
1.8 x 1.0 dyn/a ((100°C), melt viscosity: 2.2 x 10 poise (100°C), weight average molecular weight Mw: 14.800, number average molecular weight Mn: 6,46
0, OH value: 22.5), p-xylylene glycol in an amount equivalent to twice the number of OH group moles of this polyhexamethylene sebaque-1, and xylene in a reaction vessel. Mix and heat to 140°C. After reflux,
A xylene solution of hexamethylene diisocyanate was added to the reaction system in an amount corresponding to 40% of the total number of OH group moles of the polyhexamethylene sebacate and p-xylylene glycol. After reacting at 140°C for 1 hour, xylene was distilled off under reduced pressure, resulting in a resin (weight average molecular weight MMW
: 24,500, number average molecular weight Mn: 6,750
, melting point: 62°C). This is called "Binder resin A".
”.

(2) Binder resin B Polyhexamethylene sebacate similar to that used in the synthesis of binder resin A, and p-xylylene glycol in an amount equivalent to the number of moles of OH groups in this polyhexamethylene sebacate. and xylene were stirred and mixed in a reaction vessel, and 140
heated to ℃. After reflux, the reaction system contains hexamethylene diisocyanate in a mole number corresponding to 27% of the total number of OH group moles of the polyhexamethylene sebacate and p-xylylene glycol, and A chloroform solution of a functional isocyanate [Desmodur RJ (manufactured by Bayer) was added. After reacting at 140°C for 1 hour, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure to obtain a resin (weight average molecular weight Mw: 25, 200, number average molecular weight Mn
: 6,520, melting point: 62°C).

This will be referred to as "binder resin B."

Example 1 Pulverized product of binder resin A (passed through a mesh screen with a diameter of 2 mm) 100 parts by weight Carbon black "Mogull L" (manufactured by Cabot) 10 parts by weight "Carnauba wax" (Noda Wax Co., Ltd.) 3 parts by weight or more of the material is premixed, then melted and kneaded, cooled and then coarsely crushed in a hammer mill. A toner raw material consisting of particles was obtained.

Aqueous solution 3 containing 500 g of this toner raw material as a dispersion stabilizer and polyvinyl alcohol at a ratio of 1.25% by weight.
This dispersion system was heated to a temperature of 180° C. in an airtight state, and treated for 30 minutes using a high-speed rotation shear type stirrer provided in a processing container. Note that the viscosity of the toner raw material at a temperature of 180°C is 5X1
It is 0' poise. After cooling the obtained dispersion to a temperature of 100°C, it was mixed with the same insoluble liquid as the liquid dispersion medium.
and dispersed in a container containing

A part of this dispersion was taken as a sample, the shape of the particles was observed with an electron microscope, and the particle size distribution was measured with a Coulter counter.The weight average particle size was 5μ, and the particle size distribution was sharp. Both were spherical.

Then, the dispersion was filtered to separate solid matter, washed repeatedly with water, and dried (7) to obtain toner particle powder consisting of spherical particles.

The yield of this toner particle powder, that is, the ratio of the obtained toner particle powder to the amount of toner raw material charged, was extremely high at 92%.

To this toner particle powder, 0.00% of hydrophobic silica fine powder [R-912J (manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.) was added as a fluidizing agent.
They were added and mixed in a proportion of 60% by weight, thereby obtaining a toner. This is referred to as [-toner 1].

Regarding this 1-ner 1, the minimum fixing temperature and offset occurrence temperature were determined, the static bulk density was measured, and the cohesiveness was investigated. The results are shown in Table 1 below.

Regarding the minimum fixing temperature, the surface layer is made of Teflon (polytetrafluoroethylene manufactured by DuPont); electrophotographic copying machine (electrophotographic copying machine)-U-Rix 5, equipped with a backup roller and a fuser comprising a
000 J (manufactured by Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd.), the linear speed of the heat roller was set to 200ml/sec, and the temperature of the heat roller was initially set to 240°C, and 64g/
The operation of continuously repeating and fixing the image transferred to the 1.5% transfer paper was carried out at a low temperature with the temperature of the heat roller at 140°C in an environment of temperature 10°C and relative humidity 20%. The lowest heat roller temperature at which a fixed image was obtained without exhibiting -1 minute abrasion resistance due to wipe abrasion was defined as the lowest fixing temperature. Note that the fixing device used here does not have a silicone oil supply mechanism.

To measure the offset occurrence temperature, transfer the I-ner image according to the measurement of the minimum fixing temperature, perform the fixing process using the above-mentioned fixing device, and then send a blank transfer paper to the fixing device under the same conditions. This operation of observing whether or not toner stains occur is repeated by successively lowering the temperature of the heat roller of the fixing unit, and the lowest temperature of the heat roller when toner stains occur is The offset generation temperature was taken as the offset occurrence temperature.

Further, the static bulk density of the toner evaluates the fluidity of the toner, and the higher the fluidity, the higher the static bulk density. This static Kaza density is determined by loosely filling a toner into a container with a diameter of 28 mm and a volume of 100 m1 through a sieve of 100 mesosib from above using a powder compaction tester [Tap Denzer KYT-2000 model] (manufactured by Seishin Enterprise Co., Ltd.). The weight M (g) at this time is measured, and the value M/100 (g /d) obtained by dividing this weight M (g) by 100 parts of the volume is defined as the static Kaza density.

Regarding blocking resistance, each sample was tested at a temperature of 55°C.
The presence or absence of aggregation and its degree were evaluated when the samples were left for 48 hours at a relative humidity of 40%.

Next, add 2.5 parts by weight of toner 1 and 1 part of resin-coated carrier.
00 weight to prepare a developer, and using this developer, electrophotographic copying machine 1" U-Bix 2500M
A photocopying test was conducted using RJ (manufactured by Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd.), and the primary adhesion amount of toner on the photoreceptor and the image density of the resulting copied image were examined. The results are also shown in Table 1.

The primary adhesion amount of toner is determined by exposing and developing a sample original with a fixed area and reflection original density of 1.3, and then stopping the copying machine for a while before transferring the sample original and adhering it to the photoreceptor. The toner was collected and weighed, and the amount of toner per unit area was calculated.

Further, the image density was measured using a digital reflection densitometer 1-Sakushi Densitometer Pi) A45j (manufactured by Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd.).

Example 2 Toner particle powder was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that binder resin B was used instead of binder resin A in Example 1. The viscosity of the toner raw material at a temperature of 180°C is 5XIO' poise, and a part of the dispersion was sampled as a zumble, the shape of the particles was observed with an electron microscope, and the particle size was measured with a Tolter counter. As a result, the weight average particle diameter was 5 μm, the particle size distribution was sharp, and all particles were spherical.

The yield of this toner particle powder, that is, the ratio of the obtained toner particle powder to the amount of toner raw material charged, was extremely high at 93%.

To this toner particle powder, 0.60% of hydrophobic silica fine powder rR-972J (manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.) was added as a fluidizing agent.
They were added and mixed in a proportion of % by weight to obtain a toner.

This will be referred to as "toner 2".

Regarding this toner 2, the minimum fixing temperature and offset occurrence temperature were determined, the static bulk density was measured, and the cohesiveness was investigated in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1 below.

Next, add 2.5 parts by weight of toner 2 and 1 part of resin-coated carrier.
A developer was prepared by mixing 00 parts by weight with 00 parts by weight, and a photocopying test was conducted in the same manner as in Example 1 using this developer, and the amount of primary adhesion of the toner on the photoreceptor and the image of the obtained copied image were measured. I checked the concentration. The results are also shown in Table 1.

Example 3 Toner particle powder was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the heating temperature of the dispersion system was 160° C. and the stirring treatment time was 40 minutes. The viscosity of the toner raw material at a temperature of 160°C is 1X10' poise. A part of the dispersion was taken as a sample, the shape of the particles was observed with an electron microscope, and the particle size distribution was measured with a Coulter counter. The average particle size was 7p, the particle size distribution was sharp, and all particles were spherical.

The yield of this toner particle powder, that is, the ratio of the obtained toner particle powder to the amount of toner raw material charged, was extremely high at 90%.

To this toner particle powder, 0.60% of hydrophobic silica powder rR-972J (manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.) was added as a fluidizing agent.
They were added and mixed in a proportion of % by weight to obtain a toner.

This will be referred to as "toner 3."

Regarding this toner 3, the minimum fixing temperature and offset occurrence temperature were determined, the static bulk density was measured, and the cohesiveness was investigated in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1 below.

Next, add 2.5 parts by weight of toner 3 and 1 part of resin-coated carrier.
A developer was prepared by mixing 00 parts by weight with 00 parts by weight, and a photocopying test was conducted in the same manner as in Example 1 using this developer, and the amount of primary adhesion of the toner on the photoreceptor and the image of the obtained copied image were measured. I checked the concentration. The results are also shown in Table 1.

Example 4 Pulverized product of binder resin A (passed through a mesh screen with a diameter of 2 mm) 48 parts by weight 0 Magnetic powder magnetite rBL, -100J (manufactured by Titan Kogyo Co., Ltd.) 52 parts by weight 0 Nigrosine dye [Oil Black 5OJ (manufactured by Orient Chemical Co., Ltd.) 1 part by weight 0 "Carnauba wax" (manufactured by Noda Wax Co., Ltd.) 3 parts by weight or more of the substances are premixed in a ball mill, then melted and kneaded, and after cooling, coarsely ground in a hammer mill. Coarsely crushed material with diameter 2
The toner raw material was separated by a mesh screen of mm, and the toner raw material consisted of irregularly shaped particles that passed through the screen.

Aqueous solution 3 containing 500 g of this toner raw material as a dispersion stabilizer and polyvinyl alcohol at a ratio of 1.00% by weight.
The dispersion system was heated to 170° C. in an airtight state, and treated for 30 minutes using a high-speed rotation shear type stirrer provided in a processing container. Note that the viscosity of the toner raw material at a temperature of 170°C is lXl
It is 0'poise. After cooling the obtained dispersion to a temperature of 100°C, it was mixed with the same insoluble liquid as the liquid dispersion medium.
and dispersed in a container containing

A part of this dispersion was taken as a sample, the shape of the particles was observed with an electron microscope, and the particle size distribution was measured with a Coulter counter.The weight average particle size was 10 μl and the particle size distribution was sharp. Both were spherical.

Then, the dispersion was filtered to separate solid matter, washed repeatedly with water, and then dried to obtain 1-ner particle powder consisting of spherical particles.

The yield of this toner particle powder, the ratio of the obtained toner particle powder to the amount of charge in Zunawa ξ+)f-1i is 9
The rate was extremely high at 4%.

To this toner particle powder, add 0% of hydrophobic silica fine powder rR-972J (manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.) with a fluidizing agent and L7.
．． They were added and mixed at a ratio of 40% by weight, which resulted in 7jJ of 1 to 30% by weight. This is called 1 toner 4.

Regarding this 1-ner 4, the minimum fixing temperature and offset occurrence temperature were determined, the static bulk density was measured, and the cohesiveness was investigated in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1 below.

Next, using this 1-component developer consisting of 4-component developer, a photocopying test was conducted using an electrophotographic copying machine rU-Rix 1200-1 (manufactured by Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd.), and Example 1
In the same manner as above, the first layer of 1 hener (=j coating h
1. The image density of the (:) copied image was investigated. The results are also shown in Table 1.

Comparative Example 1 Toner raw material +1 consisting of amorphous particles obtained in Example] was processed using a dry type pulverizer 1-1', IM.
-100 type, J (manufactured by El Kiji, L, -Matic T Gyosha), crushing pressure 6.0 k+! /cn+ to give a 2.1 weight average grain size of 10/111 (1-no.-wa)
The powder was classified using a 1"'100 MZ Rj (manufactured by Rubine, West Germany), and the weight average particle size was 5. Nor's toner particle powder was used.

Observing this 1 grain/powder with an electron microscope 1 Fik mirror 1. However, all the proofreading results were distorted and amorphous.

The yield of this toner particles was extremely low at 25%, and the productivity was always poor. .

A fluidizing agent was added to and mixed with this 1-toner particle powder at t7 in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a toner for comparison.

This is compared with 1 and 11. This comparison 1ner 1
In the same manner as in Example 1, the minimum fixing temperature and offset temperature were determined, the static density was measured, and the cohesiveness was investigated. The results are shown in the first section below.
Shown in the table.

Next, a developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 using Comparative Toner 1, and a photocopying test was conducted to examine the primary amount of toner deposited on the photoreceptor and the image density of the resulting copied image. . The results are also shown in Table 1.

Comparative Example 2 In Comparative Example 1, the toner raw material composed of irregularly shaped particles obtained in Example 2 was used instead of the toner raw material composed of irregularly shaped particles obtained in Example 1.
Toner particle powder having a weight average particle size of 5 μl was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1.

When this toner particle powder was observed under an electron microscope, the particles were all irregularly shaped.

The yield of this toner particle powder, that is, the weight ratio of the obtained toner particle powder to the toner raw material was extremely low at 24%, and the productivity was very poor.

A fluidizing agent was added to and mixed with this toner particle powder in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a comparative toner.

This is referred to as [Comparative Toner 2-]. This comparison 1-na 2
In the same manner as in Example 1, the minimum fixing plate degree and offset occurrence temperature were determined, and the static fusing density was measured.
Then, the cohesiveness was investigated. The results are shown in Table 1 below.

Next, using Comparison 1-Toner 2, a developer was prepared in Example 2 in the same manner as in Example 1, and a photocopying test was conducted to examine the primary adhesion amount of toner on the photoreceptor and the image density of the resulting copied image. Ta.

The results are also shown in Table 1.

Comparative Example 3 A 1-ner particle powder having a weight average particle size of 7 to 1 was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, except that the rotation speed of the zigzag air classifier was changed.

When this toner particle powder was observed under an electron microscope, the particles were all irregularly shaped.

The yield of this toner particle powder, the weight ratio of the obtained toner particle powder to the Zunawaji toner raw material is as low as 40%,
Productivity was poor.

A fluidizing agent was added and mixed to this toner particle powder in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a comparative toner.

This is referred to as 1-comparison toner 3. For this comparative toner 3, the minimum fixing temperature and offset occurrence temperature were determined in the same manner as in Example 1, and the static bulk density was measured.
Then, the cohesiveness was investigated. The results are shown in Table 1 below.

Next, a developer was prepared using Comparative Toner 3 in the same manner as in Example 1, and a photocopying test was conducted to examine the primary adhesion amount of the toner to the photoreceptor 2 and the image density of the resulting copied image. The results are also shown in Table 1.

Comparative Example 4 In Comparative Example 1, the toner raw material composed of irregularly shaped particles obtained in Example 4 was used instead of the toner raw material composed of irregularly shaped particles obtained in Example 4.
Toner particle powder having a weight average particle diameter of 101 was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1.

When this toner particle powder was observed under an electron microscope, the particles were all irregularly shaped.

The yield of this toner particle powder, that is, the weight ratio of the obtained toner particle powder to the toner raw material, is as low as 72%.
Productivity was poor.

A fluidizing agent was added and mixed to this toner particle powder in the same manner as in Example 4 to obtain a comparative toner.

This is referred to as "comparison toner 4". Regarding this comparative toner 4, the minimum fixing temperature and offset occurrence temperature were determined, the static bulk density was measured, and the cohesiveness was investigated in the same manner as in Example 4. The results are shown in Table 1 below.

Next, a developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 4 using G-Comparison Toner 4, and a photocopying test was conducted to examine the primary adhesion amount of toner on the photoreceptor and the image density of the resulting copied image. Ta.

The results are also shown in Table 1.

In Table 1, in the "blocking resistance" column, "
"○" indicates that the blocking resistance is excellent and toner aggregation is less likely to occur.

As can be understood from the results in Table 1, toners 1 to 4 obtained by applying the method of the present invention have extremely high yields, have spherical particle shapes, have high fluidity, and have low primary adhesion. The image density is high, the minimum fixing temperature is low, and the offset generation temperature is high, making the practical fixing temperature range much wider (in addition, it has excellent anti-blocking properties, resulting in good development and sufficient high-speed fixing). This makes it possible to form high-quality images extremely economically.

On the other hand, although Comparative Toners 1 to 4 are satisfactory in terms of low-temperature fixing properties and non-offset properties, the yield of small-diameter toner particles with particle diameters of several micrometers is low and productivity is poor. As a result, the cost inevitably increases from 1 to 2, making it impossible to form high-quality images at low cost. Moreover, all of the comparative toners 1 to 4 have irregular and amorphous particle shapes, so the fluidity of the I toner is low.
Because of this, the amount of primary abrasion is low and the density of the image decreases, making it impossible to obtain a high-quality image.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, although the resin used as the binder resin for toner contains a so-called soft portion, according to the method for producing toner for electrostatic image development of the present invention, toner components are contained in this binder resin. °ζI・Toner raw material is obtained, this toner raw material is dispersed in a liquid dispersion medium, and the toner raw material is divided by applying shearing force while heating it to a temperature above a specific temperature. It is possible to obtain L-ner particles with a small diameter of about μm and uniform particle size at a high yield, and therefore, it is possible to produce high-quality images or ζY bright multicolor images by color overlapping, which are particularly strongly demanded these days. It can be formed extremely inexpensively.

In addition, since the toner raw material is divided by shearing force in a molten state in a liquid dispersion medium, the resulting toner particles have a nearly perfect spherical shape, resulting in a forward flow of 1. The latent image carrier has a sufficiently high
・S(=j) The amount of deposited is sufficient, and an image with high image density and excellent contrast can be formed.

Since the toner has such high mobility, it is possible to reduce the amount of fluidizing agent that is required, and as a result, damage to the photoreceptor, which tends to wear out when the fluidizing agent is added in an excessive amount, can be reduced. It can be prevented. In addition, substances used as fluidizing agents, such as fine silica powder, are generally susceptible to changes in their properties due to moisture, and therefore, if the amount of fluidizing agent added is too large, the toner will be charged by friction. However, in the toner of the present invention, the proportion of fluidizing agent added can be reduced as described above, so the toner has low environmental dependence. , it is possible to form a stable image.

In the obtained l-ner, since the resin used as the binder resin for the l-ner is obtained by chemically bonding a crystalline polymer and a polar segment, a portion of the crystalline polymer melts during fixing. When this happens, toner particles are in a highly reflowable state within the particles, but their particle morphology is maintained due to a type of bonding structure caused by polar segments, which causes the toner particles to suddenly stop flowing. As a result, the hot roller fixing method can achieve good fixing at a sufficiently high speed without causing an offset phenomenon. Since the low tackiness below the melting point of the crystalline polymer is reflected, the toner particles have excellent anti-blocking properties, and as a result, the toner particles do not aggregate and can stably exist as fine particles. Storage stability is improved.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1) A step of obtaining a toner raw material by incorporating a toner component into a toner binder resin in which at least one crystalline polymer having a melting point of 45 to 150° C. and a polar segment are chemically bonded. A dispersion system in which this toner raw material is dispersed in a liquid dispersion medium is heated to a temperature higher than the temperature at which the toner raw material melts, and a shearing force is applied to the dispersion system to obtain the dispersed toner. 1. A method for producing toner for electrostatic image development, comprising the step of dividing raw materials. 2) The method for producing an electrostatic image developing toner according to claim 1, wherein the polar segment in the toner binder resin is at least one of urethane, urea, and a compound containing an ionic group. 3) The method for producing an electrostatic image developing toner according to claim 1, wherein the liquid dispersion medium contains a dispersion stabilizer. 4) Claim 1, which includes the step of cooling the dispersion obtained in the step of dividing the dispersed toner raw material and then mixing it with a large amount of insoluble liquid to form a suspension, and then separating the toner fine particles. The method for producing the electrostatic image developing toner described above. 5) Electrostatic image development according to claim 1, wherein the liquid dispersion medium is an aqueous dispersion medium, and the dispersion stabilizer is at least one selected from surfactants, water-soluble polymer substances, and inorganic salts. method for producing toner for use in 6) The heating temperature of the dispersion system is such that the viscosity of the toner raw material is 10 to 1.
The method for producing an electrostatic image developing toner according to claim 1, wherein the temperature is 0^6 poise, preferably 10^2 to 10^6 poise. 7) Electrostatic image development according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the toner raw material to the total of the liquid dispersion medium and toner raw material in the dispersion system is 30 to 95% by weight, preferably 40 to 90% by weight. method for producing toner for use in