JPS6219895Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] This invention relates to a dryer for shiitake mushrooms, dried vegetables, seafood and other dried foods, or a combustion furnace for supplying hot air to a vinyl house heater, an indoor heater, etc.

Traditionally, gas, heavy oil, petroleum, etc. have been commonly used in the above-mentioned combustion furnaces, but recently, it has become especially popular for people who have easy access to solid fuels such as firewood and industrial waste. For the purpose of saving fuel consumption, etc., it is desired to use a combustion furnace that obtains heat while burning solid fuel such as firewood (hereinafter referred to as an "incineration type combustion furnace").

However, in conventional incinerator-type combustion furnaces, once a single fuel is ignited, it burns until it is completely burnt out, and in that process, after ignition, other unignited fuel is sequentially added to the combustion, so as the amount of combustion increases, the inside of the furnace It has a characteristic that the temperature steadily increases, and as the temperature decreases, the temperature also decreases.

For this reason, it is difficult to regulate the temperature even by adjusting the airflow, and there is a drawback in that the drying room and the room become significantly overheated, especially during the peak of the combustion period. Also, firewood and other solid fuels burn out in a short time, making the combustion cycle too short. Conversely, if a large amount of fuel is added to extend this cycle, the aforementioned drawback of the temperature becoming too high during the peak of the combustion period is aggravated. To solve these problems, constant manual control is required, which results in a long period of manpower.

This idea aims to provide a hot-air combustion furnace that solves these problems.In particular, the exhaust gas hole leading to the flue is installed in the furnace body so that the exhaust gas from the combustion furnace is guided all the way to the bottom of the furnace body and discharged. By providing it at the bottom of the furnace, the combustion of the solid fuel is suppressed or suppressed, and the heat remains in the furnace.

To explain in detail the embodiment shown below, the first
Figures 3 to 3 are side and front sectional views, and partially omitted front views, showing one embodiment of this invention.

The furnace body 1 of the combustion furnace is provided with a fuel inlet 4 equipped with an opening/closing lid 3 having an air volume fine adjustment window 2, and at the bottom thereof, combustion air and fluid fuel such as heavy oil can be separately operated into the furnace body 1. An air supply port 6 is provided with an air supply port 6 attached to a burner 5 that can supply air in a state where air can be supplied, and a flue 7 that extends in a meandering manner upward is provided on the upper surface of the rear end. The ceiling part 8 of the furnace body 1 has a branch tube (pipe) 10 projecting upward, whose upper ends communicate with each other and whose lower ends penetrate the ceiling plate 9 and open into the furnace body 1.
It constitutes a heat retention part that retains the heat inside. As shown in the figure, this heat retention section forms a ventilation space outside the furnace body that allows ventilation in at least one of the front and back or left and right directions.

At the rear part of the furnace body 1, a shielding plate 11 is suspended from the ceiling part 8 to serve as a shielding part and partition the inside of the furnace body 1 into a combustion chamber 12 at the front and an exhaust gas chamber 13 at the rear end. The lower end of the branch pipe 10 opens into the combustion chamber 12, and the flue 7 is attached to the upper part of the exhaust gas chamber 13.

An exhaust gas hole 14 of a certain area is formed between the lower end of the shielding plate 11 and the bottom surface of the furnace body 1, and the exhaust gas in the furnace body 1 is passed through this exhaust gas hole 14 and the exhaust gas chamber 13.
It leads to the flue. Further, an auxiliary chamber 15 is connected to the side (right side) of the exhaust gas chamber 13, and a flue connection port 16 is attached to the lower end of the auxiliary chamber 15, and the end thereof can be opened and closed in any manner. It is equipped with a mechanism that can connect another flue (not shown) to this part as necessary to supply waste heat to other parts.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the furnace body 1 configured as described above is installed in a box-shaped casing 17 that is coated with a heat-resistant coating and that leads to a greenhouse 19 with an open right side. The flue 7 is also installed on the furnace body 1 in an upwardly meandering manner in the upper half of the casing 17, and the chimney connection port 18 at the upper end thereof projects to the rear of the upper part of the casing 17.

A fan 21 is attached to the right side of the center of the casing 17, which is supported by the right end of a fan shaft 20 that passes through the ceiling 8 in the front and rear directions, and this fan 21 is connected to an external drive device. , and introduces external air through a large number of ventilation windows 22 provided on the left rear surface of the casing 17.
The air collides with or passes around the furnace body 1, ceiling 8, and meandering flue 7 to exchange heat and supply warm air into the greenhouse 19. The ventilation window 22 has a large number of ventilation holes 22a drilled in the back surface of the casing 17, and holes of the same diameter and at the same pitch in the horizontal direction as the holes 22a, and are slid and adjusted so that the two holes completely overlap each other. adjustable plate 22b
This allows the amount of air to be blown to be adjusted.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a furnace body showing another embodiment,
In this example, the ceiling part 8 is E-shaped in the front and back direction.
It consists of a structure in which branch tubes (pipes) 10 are arranged in parallel in the left and right direction with the front and back directions, and the flue 7 is spirally rotated above the ceiling. This is done using a fan (not shown) from above.

Flue connection port 16 of the preliminary chamber 15 in the above two examples
By connecting other flues as needed, multiple greenhouses can be heated simultaneously, or other heating parts can be installed at different locations in one greenhouse to distribute the heat source.

In the combustion furnace constructed as above, the fan 21, the blower of the burner 5 (not shown), the solenoid valve for controlling the fuel supply to the burner 5 (not shown)
These controls are automatically performed by a control device having a timer and a temperature sensor. For example, if it takes 12 to 17 hours to completely dry a certain amount of raw shiitake mushrooms,
By dividing the drying time into seven steps using multiple (e.g., seven) timers that operate continuously and setting the time for each step using a temperature sensor attached to each timer, the total drying time can be divided into different time segments (or equal time segments) and drying can be performed at the most appropriate temperature for each time segment (step). In this case, the timer and temperature sensor control the amount of air blown by the burner and the amount of fluid fuel supplied by the solenoid valve.

Next, the case of drying fresh shiitake mushrooms using the combustion furnace will be described. First, a certain amount of firewood is put into the combustion chamber 12, and the firewood is ignited while the burner 5 starts blowing air and supplying heavy oil. About 5 minutes after ignition, combustion chamber 1
The firewood in the burner 5 is ignited, and the fan 21 raises the temperature in the greenhouse 19 to the set temperature (for example, 40℃ to 60℃). Fuel supply such as heavy oil is stopped automatically or by manual operation. If the temperature inside the greenhouse falls below the set temperature while only firewood is being burned, fluid fuel is automatically supplied to the burner 5 to reignite it and continue burning until the predetermined temperature is reached and the temperature rises to the set temperature. After that, the blowing of air or combustion by the burner 5 is stopped again.

In a structure in which firewood burns naturally without blowing air or burning fluid fuel during these processes, the inside of the furnace becomes overheated as the amount of combustion increases, and the inside of the greenhouse 19 also becomes overheated, effectively lowering the temperature inside the greenhouse. Although automatic control would be impossible or very difficult, in the furnace body shown, the exhaust gas hole 14 is located at the bottom of the rear part of the combustion chamber, so if the blower and combustion by the burner 5 are stopped, natural combustion will also stop, and at that point The temperature rise can then be stopped. The inside of the furnace is not just combustion, but a state of carbonization due to sealed heating of firewood, and the heat source at this time is thought to be obtained from an exothermic reaction due to thermal decomposition of firewood or oxidative combustion of bark, etc. Therefore, when firewood is in a carbonized state, its calorific value is kept at a significantly lower maximum temperature of 400 to 450°C compared to normal firewood combustion.

After these processes, most of the firewood is carbonized and remains in the furnace, so the next heat source is the combustion of the carbonized wood, and by operating the burner 5 to blow air, the temperature inside the greenhouse can be automatically controlled as described above. As a result, a heat source mainly consisting of firewood is secured for at least 6 to 8 hours.
The burning time of carbonized wood is around 2 hours.

After the carbonized wood is completely burned, the burner continues heating by supplying fluid fuel such as heavy oil or gas, but automatic control of burner combustion is relatively easy because it controls air blowing and fuel supply. .

In addition, the furnace body of the present invention has a heat retention structure in the ceiling part 8, which reduces wasted heat to the outside of the furnace, and at the same time, the heat exchange efficiency is significantly improved compared to the conventional heat exchange using only the flue. .

As a result of having the above-mentioned characteristics, when drying shiitake mushrooms using a combination of firewood and heavy oil as fuel as in the above-mentioned example using the combustion furnace of this invention, both heavy oil and firewood can be used as fuel compared to the conventional combination type. It was possible to perform work using approximately 1/2 the fuel compared to a combustion furnace. Furthermore, even if only fluid fuel such as heavy oil is used instead of the above-mentioned combination, the furnace has good heat retention performance, which will result in fuel savings.In addition, if only firewood is used as fuel, the In this way, the effect of controlling the amount of heat generated is obtained, making the control easier, and the effect of saving fuel consumption is also achieved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 3 are a side sectional view, a front sectional view, a partial front view, and a fourth sectional view showing one embodiment of this invention.
The figure is a perspective view showing another embodiment. 1: Furnace body, 2: Wind volume fine adjustment window, 3: Opening/closing lid,
4: Fuel inlet, 5: Burner, 6: Air supply port, 7: Flue, 8: Ceiling, 9: Ceiling plate, 10:
Branch pipe (pipe), 11: Shielding plate, 12: Combustion chamber, 1
3: Exhaust gas chamber, 14: Exhaust gas hole, 15: Preliminary chamber,
16: Flue connection port, 17: Casing, 18: Chimney connection port, 19: Greenhouse, 20: Fan shaft, 21:
Fan, 22: Window window, 22a: Ventilation hole, 22
b: Adjustment plate.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A shielding part that hangs down from the ceiling is provided at the end of the combustion chamber of the furnace body, which has a solid fuel input port and an air supply port,
In a structure in which an exhaust gas hole is provided in the lower part of the shielding part, and a flue is provided in communication with the exhaust gas hole,
The air supply port also serves as the fluid fuel supply port, and the heat retention section has a structure in which the ceiling protrudes upward and the lower end communicates with the combustion chamber, and the heat retention section is arranged at least in the front and rear or left and right sides outside the furnace body. A hot air combustion furnace that has a ventilation space that allows ventilation in either direction.