JPS62191621A - Internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce the generation of black smoke or the like in a cylinder head provided with a precombustion chamber by providing a vapor forming valve adjacent the precombustion chamber and shifting the valve body of said valve to the precombustion chamber side according to the running condition of an engine. CONSTITUTION:In an internal combustion engine having a cylinder head section 3 formed with a precombustion chamber 7 communicating to a main combustion chamber through a hole 8, a head body 6 is provided with an opening 9 in which is slidably fitted a generally cylindrical valve body 10a of a vapor forming valve 10 moved vertically by a cam 25 through an arm 26. The valve body 10a is formed on the periphery of the lower end with an annular activating chamber 11 communicating to the precombustion chamber 7 through a communi cating hole 14. The swing fulcrum side of the arm 26 swung by the cam 25 is supported by the upper end of a piston rod 39 of a means 27 for vertically moving the fulcrum, and a piston 30 of said means 27 is driven by lubricating oil having pressure controlled by a means 24 opened and closed according to negative intake pressure to controllably open and close said valve.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION a. Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to an internal combustion engine equipped with a pre-combustion chamber.

b. Prior Art In conventional internal combustion engines, such as compression ignition engines, liquid fuel is injected directly into the combustion chamber, so the injected liquid fuel is sufficiently vaporized and forms a uniform mixture with the air. Compression ignition combustion begins before a gas mixture is formed.

As a result, combustion conditions were poor, unburned hydrocarbons were deposited in the combustion chamber, and black smoke was emitted from the compression ignition engine, contributing to air pollution.

The present invention was invented in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and its purpose is to provide an internal combustion engine that can significantly reduce black smoke and hydrocarbons contained in exhaust gas.

Means for Solving Problem C9 In the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, a valve body is provided slidably in the vicinity of the pre-combustion chamber, an activation chamber is formed at one end of the valve body, and an activation chamber is formed at one end of the valve body. A forward moving means is provided with a communication hole that communicates the chamber and the pre-combustion chamber, moves the valve body forward in accordance with the ignition timing, and accordingly moves the active chamber into the pre-combustion chamber and opens it. a fuel supply means for injecting fuel into the vaporization chamber; a notch formed at the lower end of the valve seat associated with the valve body; An internal combustion engine is constructed by including a shift means for shifting.

d. Embodiments Hereinafter, embodiments of the internal combustion engine according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 and 2 show an embodiment of a four-cycle compression ignition engine to which the present invention is applied.

This pressure 1tii ignition engine l has a cylinder part 2 and a head part 3.
It is composed of.

A main combustion chamber 5 is formed within the cylinder body 4 of the cylinder portion 2, and a pre-combustion chamber 7 is formed within the head body 6 of the head portion 3.

The main combustion chamber 5 and the pre-combustion chamber 7 communicate with each other via a jet hole 8 formed obliquely at about 1 in the head body 6.

Note that the pre-combustion chamber 7 has a substantially circular cross section so that swirl is likely to occur.

The head main body 6 is provided with an opening 9, and a substantially cylindrical valve body 10a is fitted into the opening 9 so as to be movable.

The lower end of the valve body 10a and the opening 9 of the head body 6 (valve seat)
A vaporization valve 10 is formed by lOb.

Further, the valve body 10a is guided in the vertical direction by a cylindrical sleeve 11 fitted between the valve body and the upper part of the head body 6.

An annular activation chamber 12 is formed around the upper end of the valve body LOa.

A seal member 13.13 is arranged in the center of the valve body 10a.

A communication hole 14 that communicates the activation chamber 12 and the pre-combustion chamber 7 is bored in the lower end of the valve body 10a.

Further, a cavity 15 is formed in the upper part of the valve body 10a.

Since this empty chamber 15 serves to prevent heat from moving to the upper part of the valve body 10a, the area around the active chamber 12 in the lower part must be kept at a high temperature. body 16 is fixed;
A spring 1 is provided between the coughing machine body and the upper end surface of the head body 6.
7 is interposed.

The valve body 10a is always urged upward by a spring 17, thereby sealing the activation chamber 12.

Further, at the lowest part of the lower end tab of the opening 9, a pre-combustion VF,
A wedge-shaped notch 9a is formed facing the chamber 7.

The number and size of the notches 9a are not particularly limited,
It may be determined appropriately taking into consideration the size of the activation chamber 12 and the like.

Inside the head body 6, a fuel injection nozzle 18 is located in an activation chamber 12.
It is arranged in such a way that it can be seen.

Further, the head main body 6 is provided with a shift means 19 for the valve body 10a.

The shift means 19 is connected to a lubricating oil main port i? which supplies lubricating oil to each part of the mechanic. ! (not shown) and a bypass passage 20 branched from the head main body 6.
passages 20a, 21 further branched within the intake pipe, a valve 22 interposed in the passage 20a, and a valve opening/closing control means 2 that controls opening and closing of the valve 22 based on changes in pressure within the intake pipe 23.
4, a cam (reciprocating means) 25 for moving the valve body 10a up and down, an arm 26 whose one end 26a spans the plate 16, and an arm 26 that moves up and down using the other end 26b of the arm as a fulcrum. It consists of a fulcrum vertical movement means 27 and the like.

The passage 20a communicates with, for example, a crank chamber 28 and the like.

The passage 21 and the cylinder 29 in the fulcrum vertical movement means 27
The chamber 31 is surrounded by the piston 30 and the henode body 6 and communicates with the chamber 31 .

The valve 22 includes a distal end (valve body) 33a of a rod 33 extending from the piston 32 of the valve opening/closing control means 24, and a passage 2.
C2 consists of a bent portion (valve seat) 20b which is formed by bending 0a at a substantially right angle.

The piston 32 is slidably disposed within the cylinder 34 and is always urged toward the head body 6 by a spring 35 interposed between the piston 32 and the end wall 348 of the cylinder. This makes the valve 22 a normally closed valve.

Further, a chamber 36 surrounded by the piston 32 and the cylinder 34 is located downstream of the intake pipe 23 near the throttle valve 38 via a conduit 37. I! It has been passed.

On the other hand, in the fulcrum vertical movement means 27, the fulcrum 26a of the arm 26 is rotatably supported by a rod 39 extending in 4 directions from the piston 30 by, for example, ball joint means. 40 is a nut adjuster for adjusting the height of the other end 26b of the arm 26.

A cam receiver C) member 41 is installed at the center of the arm 26, and the member of the cam receiver is in contact with the cam 25.

The rotational power of the crankshaft 42 is transmitted to the cam 25 via a power transmission means (not shown), and the cam 25 is rotated at a predetermined ignition timing.

The shape of the cam 25 is appropriately determined so as to open the vaporization valve 10 before the compression process ends, and is not particularly limited.

1, 43 is a piston, 44 is an intake valve, 45 is a trachea 11, 46 is an exhaust valve, and in FIG. 2, 47 is a stopper of the piston 30 fitted near the opening of the cylinder 29, 48 is an orifice installed downstream of the valve 22 in the passage 20a.

Next, the operation of this compression ignition engine I will be explained.

When the engine 1 is normally operated at a constant speed, the negative pressure generated in the intake pipe 23 acts on the piston 32 through the conduit 37, and the piston 32 moves against the elasticity of the spring 35. It is moved to the cylinder end wall 34a side.

This keeps the valve 22 open.

When the valve 22 is opened, the lubricating oil that is force-fed through the bypass passage 19 is hardly sent into the chamber 31, and flows to the crank chamber 28 through the side I\820a.

Therefore, in this proper operating state, the lubricating oil flowing through the bypass passage 20 hardly exerts any force on the piston 30, so the piston 30 is located at the lowest point.

As a result, the other end 26b of the arm 26 is positioned at the lowest point, and the valve body 10 is accordingly pushed up by the spring 17 and positioned at the highest point.

Next, explanations will be added along with each process of the engine I.

The intake stroke and exhaust stroke in the engine 1 are performed by opening and closing the intake valve 44 and the exhaust valve 46 at predetermined timings as in the conventional engine, so a detailed explanation thereof will be omitted, and only the compression stroke and expansion stroke will be described. explain.

When the engine is at a crank angle of 180° to 360° (compression stroke), the piston 43 compresses the air in the main combustion chamber 5, and the compressed air passes through the nozzle 8 to the pre-combustion chamber. 7 and forms a swirl within the pre-combustion chamber.

Further, a part of the air ejected into the pre-combustion chamber 7 is further ejected into the activation chamber 12 via the continuous illumination hole 14 .

On the other hand, fuel t'+ is supplied to the activation chamber 12 from the fuel injection nozzle 18.
is supplied. The supplied fuel comes into contact with the air injected into the activation chamber 12 from the prefuel chamber 7 as described above, and is premixed and activated.

Note that the fuel injection by the fuel injection nozzle 18 is preferably performed 60° to 30° before the compression top dead center (before the start of ignition).

Next, the center portion of the arm 26 is pushed downward by the cam 38 just before the compression top dead center is reached. At this time, arm 2
One end 26a of the valve 6 is moved downward with the other end 26h as the center, and the valve body 10a is also moved downward accordingly.

By this downward movement of the valve body 10a, the vaporization valve 10 is opened, the activation chamber 12 is opened into the pre-combustion chamber 7, and the activation chamber 12 is opened.
The pre-mixture activated and generated in the pre-combustion chamber 7
Riding on the internal swirl, the fuel is diffused into the combustion chamber 7 for pre-combustion, and is then violently ejected into the main combustion chamber 5 through the jet nozzle 8.

As a result, combustion of the compressed air in the main combustion chamber 5 starts near the compression top dead center.

Then, near the end of combustion (near the crank angle of 540°), the vaporization valve lO is closed again by the valve body 10a being moved upward by the cooperative action of the cam 26 and the spring 17. As a result, the combustion process ends and the exhaust process begins.

Next, a case where the engine 1 is suddenly accelerated will be described.

In this case, the opening degree of the throttle valve 38 is 4L+.

will be increased to At this moment, the negative pressure immediately after the throttle valve 38 is suddenly reduced. This sudden decrease in negative pressure is transmitted to the chamber 36 via the conduit 37, which causes the pressure inside the chamber 36 to rise suddenly, and the piston 32 is urged by the spring 35 toward the main body 6 of the valve. 22 is closed.

By closing the valve 22, the lubricating oil flowing through the bypass passage 20 exerts a force on the piston 30, causing the piston 30 to move upward.

As a result, the other end 26h of the arm 26 is moved upward, and the one end 26.1 of the cam 25 and the cam receiver is moved downward using the point where the member 41 comes into contact as a fulcrum. The valve body 10a is shifted downward.

When the valve body 10a is softened downward in this way, the activation chamber 1
2 is opened at its lower part into a notch 9a.

Therefore, at this time, the activation chamber 12 and the communication hole 14 are communicated with the pre-combustion chamber 7 via the notch 9a.

In this state, the communication hole 14 has the same effect as if it were made wider by the amount of communication through the notch 9a.

As a result, a large amount of -
It can be sent from. However, -7, e, even if a large amount of IIt (J) fuel 11 is instantly supplied into the activation chamber 12 from the fuel injection nozzle 18 during acceleration, there will be no air shortage, and the activation of this large amount of fuel will be sufficient. Be done to.

Note that even in the state in which the valve body 10a is shifted downward in this manner, the vaporization valve 10 is operated in the same manner as in the case of the normal movement described above.

The shift means in the present invention is not limited to the one in the above embodiment, and for example, it electrically detects that the throttle valve is rotated to fLr, a and electromagnetically shifts the valve body toward the precombustion chamber side. These can be easily constructed using conventional techniques.

In short, any configuration may be used as long as the valve body can be slightly shifted toward the pre-combustion chamber side during sudden acceleration.

The internal combustion engine to which the present invention is applied is not limited to a compression ignition engine typified by a diesel engine as in the above embodiment, but may also be a direct injection type compression ignition engine, a gasoline engine (on-to-cycle engine), etc. Of course, the present invention can also be applied to engines that do not have a pre-combustion chamber.

e. As described in detail, according to the internal combustion engine of the present invention, the active chamber and the pre-combustion chamber are connected by shifting the valve body of the vaporization valve toward the pre-combustion chamber during sudden acceleration. Since the structure allows the cross-sectional area of the air passage to be substantially changed, even if a large amount of fuel is supplied into the activation chamber during sudden acceleration, it is possible to supply enough air to compensate for the large amount of fuel supplied into the active chamber during sudden acceleration. It can be combusted by effectively premixing and activating it, and it is possible to significantly reduce mold embedding and hydrocarbons contained in exhaust gas.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 and 2 show an embodiment of an internal combustion engine according to the present invention, FIG. 1 is a conceptual view of the engine, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of the main parts thereof. be. ■...Inner ring ignition engine, 2...Cylinder part, 3.
...Head part, 4...Cylinder body, 5.
...Main combustion chamber, 6...Head body, 7...
・Pre-combustion chamber, 8...nozzle hole, 9...opening,
9a... Notch, IO... Evaporation formation valve, lOa... Valve body! ■...Cylindrical sleeve,
12...Activation chamber, 14...Communication hole,
15...vacant room, 16...board, j7.
... Spring, [8... Fuel injection nozzle, 19.
...Shift means, 20...Bypass passage, 20a
, 21... passage, 20b... bending part,
22...Valve, 23...Intake pipe, 24...
・Valve opening/closing means, 25...cam, 26...
・Arm, 26a...One end, 26I3...
-Other end, 27...Fully point vertical movement means, 28...Crank chamber, 29...Cylinder, 30...
Piston, 31...chamber, 32...
Piston, 33...Rod, 33a...
Valve body, 34... cylinder, 34a... cylinder end wall, 35... spring, 36...
Chamber, 37... l fi, 38... Throttle valve, 39... Rod, 40... Adjuster nut, 41... Cam receiver is a member, 42... Crankshaft, 43... Piston , 44... Intake pulp, 45... (non-trachea, 46... Exhaust valve. Patent applicant: Haruyama Jiko Co., Ltd. (and 2 others) Ward l/-); iti positive fortune telling (voluntary) 1986
April 18th! Indication of the case Patent Application No. 32624 of 1985 2. Name of the invention Internal combustion engine 3.111i Corrected person Relationship with the case Patent applicant name Haruyama Jiko Co., Ltd. (and 2 others) 5. Subject of amendment 6 , ++1i Correct content Contents of the amendment as shown in the attached sheet l) The "Claims" of the specification of the present application are corrected as shown in the attached sheet. 2) Change “Fulcrum 26a” on page 7, line 5 of the same book to “Fulcrum 26
Correct to "b". 3) "Bypass passage 19j" on page 8, line 9 of the same book is corrected to "bypass passage 20." 4) ``Cam 38'' in the second line of page 10 of the same book is 1 cam 25
” is corrected. 5) Change “Cam 26” in the 5th line from the bottom to “Cam 25”
Correct. Claims: A valve body slidably provided in the vicinity of a pre-combustion chamber, an activation chamber formed at one end of the valve body, a communication hole that communicates the activation chamber with the pre-combustion chamber, and the valve body. forward movement means for moving the activation chamber forward in accordance with the ignition timing and thereby moving the activation chamber into the precombustion chamber and opening it; a fuel supply means for injecting fuel into the activation chamber; An internal combustion engine comprising: a notch formed in a lower end of an associated valve seat; and a shift means for shifting the valve body toward the pre-combustion chamber during sudden acceleration.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A valve body slidably provided near the pre-combustion chamber, an activation chamber formed at one end of the valve body, a communication hole communicating the activation chamber and the pre-combustion chamber, and a valve body provided at the ignition timing. a forward movement means for moving the activation chamber forward in response to the movement and thereby moving the activation chamber into the pre-combustion chamber and opening it; a fuel supply means for injecting and supplying combustion to the activation chamber; and a valve seat associated with the valve body. An internal combustion engine comprising: a notch formed in a lower end portion of the engine; and a shift means for shifting the valve body toward the pre-combustion chamber during sudden acceleration.