JPS62190901A - Waveguide type electric power five-distributor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a small-sized, lightweight, and low-loss electric distributor which has small electric reflection by providing four rectangular subordinate waveguides which are arranged at 90 deg. intervals symmetrically about the center axis of a main waveguide and share a waveguide wall with the main waveguide and coupling parts which couple the main waveguide with the subordinate waveguides to the periphery of the main waveguide. CONSTITUTION:The four rectangular subordinate waveguides are arranged at the periphery of the square or circular main waveguide at 90 deg. angle intervals about the axis of the main waveguide so that their waveguide axes are parallel. Those subordinate waveguides share the waveguide wall with the main waveguide and the coupling parts which couples the main waveguide with the subordinate waveguides are provided on respective common wall surfaces. The direction of a polarized radio wave 35 inputted to the main waveguide 31 is at 45 deg. to the respective common waveguide walls 32a-32d. The radio wave power inputted to the main waveguide 31 is distributed to the main waveguide 31 and subordinate waveguides 33a-33d, i.e. five parts. Horns are connected to the distributed output ports to realize a 5-horn feed cluster. When a waveguide electric power five distributor 39 is used, the feed cluster is realized by one-stage power distribution; and the loss is reduced, the whole shape is reduced, and the weight is also reduced.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention "Field of Industrial Application" This invention is mainly used in the microwave band and millimeter wave band. The present invention relates to a waveguide-type power 5-divider that combines the following signals into one.

``Prior Art'' Multi-beam antennas are often used in communication satellites to increase communication capacity and make effective use of frequencies. In a multi-beam antenna, a cluster horn is used in which one beam is realized by a plurality of horns in order to improve inter-beam interference characteristics. - For example, if a cluster horn is configured with five horns, a power divider is required to divide the power input from one input terminal to the five horns, which makes the cluster horn smaller and lighter. Therefore, it is important to make this power divider small and lightweight. Particularly when the purpose is to mount the device on a satellite, there is a limit of 1 weight and 1 dimension, so it is important to consider miniaturization and weight reduction.

Below, we will explain the configuration of a 5-horse fed cluster using a conventional power divider.
A five-horn feed cluster with power divider is shown.

When this feed cluster is used for transmission, a signal from the input terminal 11 is inputted to the power three divider 13 through the connecting waveguide 12, and the input power is first divided into three parts. The power of the two ports of the three distribution outputs is 2 each.
The power is supplied to the distributors 14 and 15 through the connecting waveguides 16 and 17, and the power is divided into two parts, and the power from these two parts and the remaining power from the power 3 power divider 13 are used to generate a 5-minute horn. 18.

Here, the two-way power distribution W14.15 includes commonly used hybrids and directional coupling. As the three-way power divider 13, a type using directional couplers connected in two stages or a type called an 8-sided septum type as shown in Fig. 6 (=) is used. In Fig. 6, this E-sided septum type On the input side of the three-way power distributor 21, the waveguide is divided into three in the height direction by septa 22 and 23, and input boats 24 and 25 are connected to each other.
．． It is said to be 26. The direction of the human-powered radio waves is the direction in which the input boats 24, 25, and 26 are arranged, as shown by arrows 27.

As shown in Figure B, on the output side of this three-power power divider 21, the human-powered boats 24, 25, and 26 are enlarged in the height direction (-), and in particular, the upper and lower human-powered boats 24 and 26 are greatly enlarged and are at the same height. output ports 24ae, 25a and 26a.The input radio waves are sent to three ports 24 and 25 by septa 22 and 23.

Divided into 26, each output port 24 a + 25
The wave is guided to a+26a. In this case, the power distribution ratio between the three ports is determined by the installation position of the septum 22, 23 (position in the height direction of the waveguide).

The feed cluster shown in FIG. 5, which is composed of such a power divider, has the following drawbacks. First, since the input power is divided into five parts in two stages, the power insertion loss increases. Secondly, the number of power dividers increases to three, and the number of connecting waveguide components also increases, which increases the size and weight, which goes against the goal of reducing the size and weight. 3rd (= If you use a three-power divider as shown in Figure 6, the reflection characteristics will deteriorate if you leave it as it is, so it is possible to use a reflected wave absorber to improve this, but in that case, the insertion loss will increase.) There is a disadvantage that it increases further.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a waveguide power 5 divider which enables a feed cluster that overcomes the above-mentioned drawbacks such as deterioration of electrical characteristics, increase in dimensions, and increase in weight.

"Means for Solving the Problem" According to the present invention, four
rectangular sub-waveguides are arranged with their tube axes parallel and at angular intervals of 90° with respect to the tube axis of the main waveguide. These sub-waveguides share a tube wall with the main waveguide, and each shared wall surface (:
, a coupling portion for coupling the main waveguide and the sub-waveguide is provided, respectively.

The polarization direction of the radio wave input to the main waveguide is excited at an angle of 45° with respect to the common wall surface of the main waveguide and the sub waveguides, and Input radio waves′
Power is distributed.

Embodiment FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a 5-power distributor according to the present invention. In this example, a square main wave pipe 31 is used, and the four pipe walls 32a to 32d of the main wave pipe 31 are Rectangular sub-waveguides 33a to 33d are provided respectively.

Main wave tube 31. The tube axes of the sub waveguides 33a to 33d are parallel to each other, and the sub waveguides 33a to 33d are arranged at angular intervals of 90 degrees with respect to the central axis (tube axis) of the main waveguide 31.

Shared pipes 323-32dE, joint parts 343-34d, respectively
are provided, and the main waveguide 31 and the sub waveguides 33a to 33d are coupled to each other at coupling portions 343 to 34d, respectively. The coupling parts 34a to 34d are branch type, multi-slit type,
A multi-hole type etc. can be used.

The directions of the polarized waves 35 of the radio waves input to the main wave pipe 31 are at an angle of 45 degrees with respect to each of the common pipe walls 32a to 32d.

The operation will be explained below. A radio wave with a wave suppressor 35 facing diagonally is made to enter a square main wave tube 31 from the front side of the page. This polarized wave 35 has mutually orthogonal components 36.
37f can be divided into two.

Here, the radio wave of component 36, that is, the polarization direction is the shared pipe wall 32.
The component perpendicular to a and 32C is the joint 34a.

34ΔC through M 7 sub-wavelength tube 33a l 33C
and propagate within the sub-waveguides 33a and 33C with polarized waves 38a and 38C, respectively. In this way, the radio wave power of the main waveguide 31 is transferred to the sub waveguide 33a.

33C. The power distribution ratio is the coupling part 34 a
The binding amount of l 34 C can be set arbitrarily by design.

Similarly, other components 37 (
= is also distributed to the sub-waveguides 33b and 33d. The power not distributed to the sub-waveguides 33a to 33d is transmitted inside the main waveguide 31 toward the rear in the drawing. In this way, the radio wave power input to the main waveguide 31 is eventually divided into five parts to the main waveguide 31 and the sub waveguides 33a to 33d. A five-horn feed cluster can be realized by connecting a horn to each of these distributed output ports. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the human-powered radio waves from the human-powered terminal 11 are input to the waveguide power 5 distributor 39 according to the present invention, and the radio waves distributed to the five output boats are transmitted through the connecting waveguides 41 to the 5-waveguide power distributor 39 according to the present invention. Power is supplied to two horns 18.

As described above, by using the waveguide power five-distributor 39 of the present invention, a feed cluster can be realized by one-stage power distribution, and the loss can be reduced accordingly, and the overall shape can be made smaller and lighter.

FIG. 3 shows an example of a converter that excites the main waveguide 31 in the direction of polarization 35 as shown in FIG. 1 from a normal standard rectangular waveguide. One end of this converter 42 is a waveguide 43
, the other end is a square waveguide 44, each edge of which has the same wave direction, and each side of one end and the corner of the other end are connected by a triangular tube wall.

Note that such converters are well known.

FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the invention. This example is a case where a circular waveguide is used as the main waveguide 31. As in the case of FIG. 1, rectangular sub-waveguides 33a to 33d are arranged at 90° intervals.
are arranged to share the tube walls 32a to 32d, respectively, and the polarization direction 35 of the human-powered radio waves of the main wave tube 31 is set at 45 degrees with respect to the shared tube walls 32a to 32d. In this case as well, power is divided into five main and sub waveguides.

As is clear from the above explanation, the electric power 5 according to the present invention
In a feed cluster using a distributor, the input power can be divided into five parts in one stage, so the size and weight can be reduced. In particular, the dimension from the input terminal to the horn can be shortened, and insertion loss can also be reduced. Also, the joint part 3
By using directional couplers 4a to 34d, good reflection characteristics can be realized.

"Effects of the Invention" As explained above, the 5-power divider according to the present invention can divide the input radio wave power into 5 at a time, so when this power divider is layered in a feed cluster, it is small, lightweight, and It also has the advantage of being able to create a product with little electrical reflection and low loss. For the sake of explanation, here we have taken up the case where it is applied to a 5-horn feed cluster used in a satellite-mounted antenna (-), but the number of horns may be any number greater than 5. For example, the main wave tube may be shared and connected in two stages in cascade. It is also possible to apply it to a 9-horn feed cluster.It can also be applied not only to satellites, but also to earth station antenna -order radiation systems, terrestrial antennas -order radiation systems, and power distribution for simple waveguide circuit systems. It is also effective as a vessel.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention, and is a cross-sectional view when a square waveguide is used as the main waveguide. Fig. 2 shows the configuration of a 5-horn feed cluster using the 5-power distributor of the present invention. The block diagram shown in FIG. 3 shows an example of a wave control converter, in which A is a left side view, B is a front view, C is a right side view, and FIG. 4 is another embodiment of the present invention. An example is shown in which a cross-sectional view is shown when a circular waveguide is used as the main waveguide. Figure 5 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a five-horn feed cluster using a conventional power divider. This figure shows an E-plane septum type three-power distributor, in which Figure A is a perspective view and Figure B is a front view of the output side. 31: Main wave pipe, 32a to 32d: Shared pipe wall. 33a to 33d: Sub waveguide, 34a to 34d: Coupling section, 35: Wave control direction in main waveguide, 36° 37: Polarization 3
5 ingredients. Patent applicant: Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation Agent: Takuka Kusaken 1
Diagram A'p 2 Diagrammer 3 Diagram A B Co 4 Diagram

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A square or circular main waveguide, and a 90-meter radius around the main waveguide symmetrically with respect to its central axis.
Four rectangular sub-waveguides are arranged at ° intervals and share a pipe wall with the main waveguide. a coupling portion that couples the wave tube and the sub-waveguide to each other, the polarization direction of the radio waves input to the main waveguide is at an angle of 45° with respect to the common wall surface of the main waveguide and the sub-waveguide. A waveguide-type power divider with 5 angles of excitation.