JPS62186009A - Exhaust gas filter device - Google Patents
Exhaust gas filter deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPS62186009A JPS62186009A JP61028131A JP2813186A JPS62186009A JP S62186009 A JPS62186009 A JP S62186009A JP 61028131 A JP61028131 A JP 61028131A JP 2813186 A JP2813186 A JP 2813186A JP S62186009 A JPS62186009 A JP S62186009A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- exhaust gas
- filter
- gas filter
- ignition
- soot
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 33
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 11
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
- F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
産業上の利用分野
本発明は、たとえばディーゼルエンジンから排出される
炭素状微粒子（所謂、すす）を捕集し、捕集したすすを
燃焼させる事により、ディーゼルエンジンからのすすの
排出量の低減を図るディセル排ガスフィルタに関するも
のである。[Detailed Description of the Invention] Industrial Application Field The present invention collects carbonaceous particulates (so-called soot) emitted from diesel engines, for example, and burns the collected soot. This invention relates to a decel exhaust gas filter that aims to reduce soot emissions.
従来の技術
ディーゼルエンジンから排出されるすすを捕集する為の
ディーゼル排ガスフィルタとして、ハニカム形状のセラ
ミックモノリスフィルタが有望視されている。これはす
すの集塵効果が８０％以上で、フィルタによる排ガスの
圧力損失が小さい利点を示している。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Honeycomb-shaped ceramic monolith filters are considered promising as diesel exhaust gas filters for collecting soot emitted from diesel engines. This shows the advantage that the soot collection effect is 80% or more, and the pressure loss of exhaust gas due to the filter is small.
セラミックモノリスフィルタからなるディーゼル排ガス
フィルタは、例えば、コージライトを主成分とする押し
出し製法によりセル壁より構成された多数のセルからな
るハニカム構造をなしている。その構造の上流及び下流
セル端部はセメントのような非常に気効率の小さな、材
料で交互に閉塞されている。これらの上流側及び下流側
の閉塞部によって、セルは入口及び出口排ガス通路に分
割される。その結果、排気ガスはセル壁ですすをほぼ全
量捕集されて放出される。すすが堆積するとともにディ
ーゼル排ガスフィルタで排気ガスの圧力損失が大きくな
り、エンジン性能の低下を招く。それ故、エンジン性能
を良好に保つには、一定量のすすが堆積した時点で、そ
のすすを燃焼させ、ディーゼル排ガスフィルタを再生す
る方法がとられる。A diesel exhaust gas filter made of a ceramic monolith filter has, for example, a honeycomb structure made of a large number of cells made of cell walls formed by an extrusion method using cordierite as a main component. The upstream and downstream cell ends of the structure are alternately plugged with a very inert material, such as cement. These upstream and downstream closures divide the cell into inlet and outlet exhaust gas passages. As a result, almost all of the soot in the exhaust gas is collected on the cell walls before being released. As soot accumulates, the pressure loss of the exhaust gas increases in the diesel exhaust gas filter, leading to a decrease in engine performance. Therefore, in order to maintain good engine performance, a method is used to regenerate the diesel exhaust gas filter by burning the soot once a certain amount of soot has accumulated.
ディーゼル排ガスフィルタに堆積したすすは入口端部で
排ガス中の火花や点火ピークによって着火し、入口端部
で燃焼が広がり、それと同時にセル内を下流に向って燃
焼する。The soot deposited on the diesel exhaust gas filter is ignited at the inlet end by a spark or ignition peak in the exhaust gas, combustion spreads at the inlet end, and at the same time, it burns downstream in the cell.
発明が解決しようとする問題点
上記装置においては、排気ガス中のすすの一部は入口端
部に堆積し、大部分はセル内に堆積する。Problem to be Solved by the Invention In the above device, some of the soot in the exhaust gas is deposited at the inlet end, and most of it is deposited within the cell.
ところが、ディーゼル排ガスフィルタの入口端部では、
フィルタとしての効果は少ないので、閉塞部のススは少
ない。此の為、閉塞部では、充分な燃焼熱が発生せず、
セルの下流へと燃焼が広がらない。この現象が繰り返さ
れると、セル内の堆積量は増加する。そして、セル内に
すすが一定以上堆積した後、ひとたびセル内のすすに着
火すると、燃焼が急激に起り、ディーゼル排ガスフィル
タの温度が上昇し、ディーゼル排ガスフィルタが溶融す
る問題や、セル内にすすが堆積し過ぎて、排気ガスの圧
力損失が大きくなり、エンジンの不調を生じさせる問題
が生じた。However, at the inlet end of the diesel exhaust gas filter,
Since it is less effective as a filter, there is less soot in the closed area. For this reason, sufficient combustion heat is not generated in the blocked part,
Combustion does not spread downstream of the cell. When this phenomenon is repeated, the amount of deposition within the cell increases. After a certain amount of soot accumulates inside the cell, once the soot in the cell is ignited, combustion occurs rapidly and the temperature of the diesel exhaust gas filter rises, causing problems such as melting of the diesel exhaust gas filter and This caused problems such as excessive build-up of exhaust gas, resulting in large exhaust gas pressure loss and engine malfunction.
問題点を解決するための手段
排ガスフィルタの入口部にすす点火用の点火器を設け、
すすの点火部に排気ガスより酸素濃度の高い燃焼用空気
を供給する。Measures to solve the problem: Install an igniter for igniting soot at the inlet of the exhaust gas filter,
Combustion air with a higher oxygen concentration than exhaust gas is supplied to the soot ignition section.
作 用
すすの点火時に、すすの点火部付近に酸素濃度の高い燃
焼用空気を供給すると、少ないすす量で着火しやすぐ、
着火したすすは高温となり、セル内への燃焼の伝播が容
易に行われる。Function When igniting soot, if combustion air with high oxygen concentration is supplied near the ignition point of soot, ignition will occur quickly with a small amount of soot.
The ignited soot reaches a high temperature, and combustion easily propagates into the cell.
実施例
本発明の一実施例を添付図面にもとづいて説明する。第
１図は本発明の断面図であり、１は排ガスフィルタ装置
、２は排ガスフィルタ、３は緩衝材、４はフィルタケー
ス、５は点火器、６は気体供給路、７は送風機、８は酸
素富化装置、９はフィルタ入口通路、１０はフィルタ出
口通路、１１はフィルタ入口部、１２はエンジン排気ガ
ス、１３は浄化排ガス、１４は圧力検知部、１５は圧力
検知器である。１６は入ロブラグ、１７は出ロブラグで
ある。Embodiment An embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the present invention, in which 1 is an exhaust gas filter device, 2 is an exhaust gas filter, 3 is a buffer material, 4 is a filter case, 5 is an igniter, 6 is a gas supply path, 7 is a blower, and 8 is a In the oxygen enrichment device, 9 is a filter inlet passage, 10 is a filter outlet passage, 11 is a filter inlet, 12 is an engine exhaust gas, 13 is a purified exhaust gas, 14 is a pressure detection unit, and 15 is a pressure detector. Reference numeral 16 indicates an input/lower flag, and 17 indicates an output/lower flag.
第２図は点火付近の拡大図であり、１８ｉｊフイルタに
堆積したすす、１９は燃焼用空気、２ｏはセル壁、２１
は点火部である。Figure 2 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the ignition, showing the soot deposited on the 18ij filter, 19 the combustion air, 2o the cell wall, 21
is the ignition part.
ディーゼルエンジンの排気系路に排ガスフィルタ装置１
が取り付けられている。フィルタケース４には緩衝材３
を介して排ガスフィルタ２が取付けられている。排ガス
フィルタの入口はフィルタ入口部１１と呼ばれ、点火器
６が接しており、この部分を点火部と呼ぶ。点火器６は
フィルタケース４に取付けられ、その周囲に気体供給路
６を設けている。気体供給路には送風機７、更に酸素富
化装置が設置されている。排ガスフィルタ２のエンジン
側（上流側）には圧力検知部１４と圧力検知器１５が取
付けられている。Exhaust gas filter device 1 in the exhaust system of a diesel engine
is installed. A buffer material 3 is attached to the filter case 4.
An exhaust gas filter 2 is attached via. The inlet of the exhaust gas filter is called a filter inlet part 11, and the igniter 6 is in contact with it, and this part is called an ignition part. The igniter 6 is attached to the filter case 4, and a gas supply path 6 is provided around it. A blower 7 and an oxygen enrichment device are installed in the gas supply path. A pressure detection section 14 and a pressure detector 15 are attached to the engine side (upstream side) of the exhaust gas filter 2.
排ガスフィルタ２は気孔率の大きなセラミックスをハニ
カム形状にしたセラミックモノリスフィルタと呼ばれ、
上流及び下流端部はセラミックスで閉塞されそれぞれ入
ロブラグ１６、出ロブラグ１７と呼ばれる。The exhaust gas filter 2 is called a ceramic monolith filter, which is made of ceramic with a high porosity in a honeycomb shape.
The upstream and downstream ends are closed with ceramics and are called an inflow plug 16 and an outflow plug 17, respectively.
次に、この一実施例の構成における作用を説明する。デ
ィーゼルエンジンから排出されたエンジン排気ガス１２
にはすすが含まれており、排ガスフィルタ２で捕集され
る。すすはフィルタ入口通路９と入ロブラグ１７上に堆
積する。すすの捕集されたエンジン排気ガスは、フィル
タを通過し、浄化排ガス１３となって、フィルタ出口通
路１０を通過し排出する。Next, the operation of the configuration of this embodiment will be explained. Engine exhaust gas emitted from a diesel engine 12
contains soot, which is collected by the exhaust gas filter 2. Soot builds up on the filter inlet passage 9 and the inlet plug 17. The engine exhaust gas with collected soot passes through the filter, becomes purified exhaust gas 13, and passes through the filter outlet passage 10 to be discharged.
すすが排ガスフィルタ上に堆積すると、排ガスフィルタ
の上流の圧力は上昇する。この圧力を圧力検知器１６に
より検知し、点火器６を作動させ、すすに点火する。点
火器として、セラミックヒータを用いている。ディーゼ
ルエンジンの排気ガスに酸素が含まれているが、酸素濃
度はエンジン回転数や負荷により変動する。アイドリン
ク時には約１７％、高速になると２〜３％まで低下する
事がある。従って、点火器で点火しても点火しない場合
が生じる。そこで、本発明では排気ガスの酸素濃度より
も高い空気を点火部に供給し、すすの点火を助けている
。As soot accumulates on the exhaust gas filter, the pressure upstream of the exhaust gas filter increases. This pressure is detected by the pressure sensor 16, and the igniter 6 is activated to ignite the soot. A ceramic heater is used as the igniter. Diesel engine exhaust gas contains oxygen, but the oxygen concentration varies depending on engine speed and load. It is about 17% when idling and can drop to 2-3% at high speeds. Therefore, there are cases where the igniter does not ignite even if the igniter ignites the igniter. Therefore, in the present invention, air having a higher oxygen concentration than the exhaust gas is supplied to the ignition section to help ignite the soot.
点火器に電流を流し加熱すると気体供給路から空気が送
られる。この時排ガスフィルタの上流側では圧力が１０
ｏｍｍＨｑを越える事がしばしば生じ、その為に、供
給圧力の大きい送風機７や送風ポンプが用いられる。送
風機７の上流には酸素富化装置８が設置されており、大
気の酸素濃度２１％より高い酸素濃度の気体を供給でき
る。酸素富化装置には酸素富化膜が使用され、高濃度の
酸素を得るためには更に高圧が得られる送風機あるいは
送風ポンプが必要となる。酸素富化装置を使用せずに、
大気を導入しても、酸素は２１％であり、排気ガス中よ
り２２は燃焼しやすい。When an electric current is applied to the igniter to heat it, air is sent through the gas supply path. At this time, the pressure on the upstream side of the exhaust gas filter is 10
OmmHq is often exceeded, and for this reason, a blower 7 or a blower pump with a high supply pressure is used. An oxygen enrichment device 8 is installed upstream of the blower 7, and can supply gas with an oxygen concentration higher than the atmospheric oxygen concentration of 21%. An oxygen enrichment membrane is used in the oxygen enrichment device, and in order to obtain a high concentration of oxygen, a blower or a blower pump that can obtain a higher pressure is required. without using an oxygen enrichment device,
Even if air is introduced, the oxygen content is 21%, and 22 is more combustible than in exhaust gas.
このように酸素濃度の高い空気を点火部に送り込むと、
すすは容易にもえる。一旦、すすに着火すると、燃焼熱
によりセル内に燃焼熱が伝播する。When air with high oxygen concentration is sent to the ignition part in this way,
Soot forms easily. Once the soot is ignited, the heat of combustion propagates into the cell.
第３図は点火器としてバーナを用いたものである。２２
は点火器、２３はバーナ、２４はバーナ用空気、２６は
燃料、２６は気体供給路、２７は燃焼用空気である。燃
焼用空気２７はすすの燃焼に使用される。バーナの燃料
としてはプロパ／。Figure 3 shows a burner used as an igniter. 22
23 is an igniter, 23 is a burner, 24 is burner air, 26 is fuel, 26 is a gas supply path, and 27 is combustion air. Combustion air 27 is used for soot combustion. Propa/ as fuel for the burner.
軽油が使用される。バーナはセラミックヒータに比べて
加熱面積が大きいため、点火しやすい。バーナは排ガス
フィルタから離れており、バ〜す上に形成された火炎２
８が排ガスフィルタに接するが、この部分が点火部２１
となる。Light oil is used. Burners have a larger heating area than ceramic heaters, so they are easier to ignite. The burner is located away from the exhaust gas filter and the flame 2 formed on the
8 is in contact with the exhaust gas filter, and this part is the ignition part 21
becomes.
発明の効果
本発明は点火装置を有する多孔質セラミックからなる排
ガスフィルタの点火部に排気ガスより高濃度の酸素を含
む燃焼用空気を供給し、すすの点火を容易にするととも
に少ない堆積量のすすで点火を可能にする。その結果、
すすの堆積しすぎによるフィルタの破壊、エンジン不調
を防止するものである。Effects of the Invention The present invention supplies combustion air containing a higher concentration of oxygen than exhaust gas to the ignition part of an exhaust gas filter made of porous ceramic and has an ignition device, thereby facilitating the ignition of soot and reducing the amount of soot deposited. to enable ignition. the result,
This prevents damage to the filter and engine malfunction due to excessive accumulation of soot.
第１図は本発明の一実施例の排ガスフィルタ装置の断面
図、第２図は要部拡大図、第３図は他の実施例の点火装
置の断面図である。
２・・・・・・排ガスフィルタ、６・・・・・・点火器
、ｅ・・・・・・気体供給路、７・・・・・・送風機、
８・・・・・・酸素富化装置、２１・・・・・・点火部
。
代理人の氏名 弁理士 中 尾 敏 男 ほか１名第１
図
エンジン不調ズじｉス
第２図FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an exhaust gas filter device according to one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of main parts, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an ignition device according to another embodiment. 2...Exhaust gas filter, 6...Igniter, e...Gas supply path, 7...Blower,
8...Oxygen enrichment device, 21...Ignition section. Name of agent: Patent attorney Toshio Nakao and 1 other person No. 1
Figure Engine malfunction Figure 2
Claims (2)
備し前記排ガスフィルタに堆積した炭素状微粒子に点火
する点火装置の点火部に排気ガスより酸素濃度の高い燃
焼用空気を供給する気体供給装置を装着してなる排ガス
フィルタ装置。(1) A gas supply device that supplies combustion air with a higher oxygen concentration than the exhaust gas is attached to the ignition section of an ignition device that is equipped with an exhaust gas filter made of porous ceramics and ignites the carbonaceous particles deposited on the exhaust gas filter. Exhaust gas filter device.
範囲第１項記載の排ガスフィルタ装置。(2) The exhaust gas filter device according to claim 1, wherein the gas supply device is provided with an oxygen enrichment device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61028131A JPS62186009A (en) | 1986-02-12 | 1986-02-12 | Exhaust gas filter device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61028131A JPS62186009A (en) | 1986-02-12 | 1986-02-12 | Exhaust gas filter device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS62186009A true JPS62186009A (en) | 1987-08-14 |
Family
ID=12240221
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61028131A Pending JPS62186009A (en) | 1986-02-12 | 1986-02-12 | Exhaust gas filter device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS62186009A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009082915A (en) * | 2007-09-27 | 2009-04-23 | Umicore Ag & Co Kg | Elimination of particles from exhaust gas of internal combustion engine operated mainly by stoichiometric-air/fuel mixture |
-
1986
- 1986-02-12 JP JP61028131A patent/JPS62186009A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009082915A (en) * | 2007-09-27 | 2009-04-23 | Umicore Ag & Co Kg | Elimination of particles from exhaust gas of internal combustion engine operated mainly by stoichiometric-air/fuel mixture |
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