JPS62184235A - Power transmission - Google Patents
Power transmissionInfo
- Publication number
- JPS62184235A JPS62184235A JP2392686A JP2392686A JPS62184235A JP S62184235 A JPS62184235 A JP S62184235A JP 2392686 A JP2392686 A JP 2392686A JP 2392686 A JP2392686 A JP 2392686A JP S62184235 A JPS62184235 A JP S62184235A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- silicone oil
- volume
- operating chamber
- temperature
- working chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title claims description 10
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910001285 shape-memory alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D35/00—Fluid clutches in which the clutching is predominantly obtained by fluid adhesion
- F16D35/005—Fluid clutches in which the clutching is predominantly obtained by fluid adhesion with multiple lamellae
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Arrangement And Mounting Of Devices That Control Transmission Of Motive Force (AREA)
- Arrangement And Driving Of Transmission Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明はビスカスカップリングと呼ばれる動力伝達装置
に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a power transmission device called a viscous coupling.
（従来技術）
一般にフルタイム４ＷＤと呼ばれる常時４輪駆動車は、
前後輪に回転差を生じたときの対策として、左右両輪と
同じように回転差を吸収するセンタデフを脩えている。(Prior art) Continuous four-wheel drive vehicles, generally referred to as full-time 4WD, are
As a countermeasure against a rotation difference between the front and rear wheels, a center differential is installed to absorb the rotation difference in the same way as the left and right wheels.
しかしながら、このセンタデフは伝達トルク損失を生じ
るので、最近に至りセンタデフの代りにビスカスカップ
リング（以下ＶＣと略称する）と呼ばれる動力伝達装置
が注目されるようになった。However, since this center differential causes transmission torque loss, recently a power transmission device called a viscous coupling (hereinafter abbreviated as VC) has attracted attention in place of the center differential.
第２図は上記ＶＣを備えた４輪駆動車の概略構成図を示
し、エンジン１の駆動力はトランスミッション２を介し
てトランスファ３に伝達され、前輪側へはトランスファ
３内のフロントデフ４を介してフロントドライブシャフ
ト５に伝達されて前輪タイヤ６を回転する。また、後輪
側へはジヨイント７、プロペラシャフト８、ジヨイント
９、ＶＣＩＯおよびリヤデフ１１を介してリャドライブ
シャフト１２に伝達され、後輪タイヤ１３を回転する。FIG. 2 shows a schematic configuration diagram of a four-wheel drive vehicle equipped with the above-mentioned VC. The driving force of the engine 1 is transmitted to the transfer 3 via the transmission 2, and is transmitted to the front wheels via the front differential 4 in the transfer 3. is transmitted to the front drive shaft 5 to rotate the front tires 6. Further, the signal is transmitted to the rear drive shaft 12 via the joint 7, propeller shaft 8, joint 9, VCIO, and rear differential 11 to rotate the rear tires 13.
ＶＣＩＯの枯木的構造は、米国特許第
３７６０９２２号公報に開示されており、シリコンオイ
ルのような粘性流体の満たされたハウジング内に、多数
のスチールプレートが組込まれた多板クラソヂ構造を有
している。すなわち、回転可能に同軸支持された入力軸
および出力軸の一方に連結されたアウター部材と、他方
に連結されてアウター部材に対して同軸配置されたイン
ナー部材と、アウター部材の内周面に設けられた多数の
アウタープレートと、このアウタープレートに対して交
互に配置される関係でインナー部材の外周面に設けられ
た多数のインナープレートとを備えている。そして上記
アウタープレートとインナープレートとが、アウター部
材とインナー部材との間に形成された作動室内に粘性流
体とともに配置された構成を有し、入力軸の回転数と出
力軸の回転数との間に差がないときにはトルクは伝達さ
れないが、回転数に差があるときは、その回転数の差に
対応してトルクが伝達されるように作動する。The tree-like structure of the VCIO is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,760,922, and has a multi-plate Clasodie structure in which a number of steel plates are assembled in a housing filled with a viscous fluid such as silicone oil. There is. That is, an outer member connected to one of an input shaft and an output shaft that are rotatably supported coaxially, an inner member connected to the other and coaxially arranged with respect to the outer member, and an inner member provided on the inner peripheral surface of the outer member. The inner member is provided with a large number of outer plates, and a large number of inner plates provided on the outer peripheral surface of the inner member so as to be alternately arranged with respect to the outer plates. The outer plate and the inner plate are arranged together with a viscous fluid in a working chamber formed between the outer member and the inner member, and the rotation speed of the input shaft and the output shaft are between the rotation speed of the input shaft and the output shaft. When there is no difference in the rotational speed, no torque is transmitted, but when there is a difference in the rotational speed, the torque is transmitted in accordance with the difference in the rotational speed.
したがって、このＶＣＩＯを第２図に示すような位置に
配置した場合、直進走行中のように前後の車輪の回転数
が等しいときには、ＶＣＩＯには回転数の差が生じない
ので後輪にはエンジン１の駆動力は伝達されず、前輪駆
動（２ＷＤ）となる。Therefore, when this VCIO is placed in the position shown in Figure 2, when the front and rear wheels have the same rotational speed, such as when driving straight ahead, there is no difference in the rotational speed of the VCIO, so the engine is connected to the rear wheels. The driving force of No. 1 is not transmitted, and the vehicle is front wheel drive (2WD).
しかしながら前輪がスリップすると、ＶＣＩＯに回転数
差が生じ、後輪にも駆動力が伝達されるので、自動的に
４輪駆動（４ＷＤ）となり、しかも後輪への駆動力は、
前輪のスリップ看に応じて連続的に増加するように作動
する。However, when the front wheels slip, a difference in rotational speed occurs in the VCIO, and the driving force is also transmitted to the rear wheels, so it automatically becomes 4-wheel drive (4WD), and the driving force to the rear wheels is
It operates so that it increases continuously in response to the slippage of the front wheels.
ところで、上述のようなＶＣにおいては、アウタープレ
ートとインナープレートの相互回転によって作動室２５
内に充填されたシリコンオイルの温度が上昇するが、こ
のシリコンオイルの温度が高温になると、このシリコン
オイルの油圧が高まり、アウタープレートとインナープ
レートとが接触する現象（ハンプ現象）を生じることが
ある。By the way, in the above-mentioned VC, the working chamber 25 is opened by the mutual rotation of the outer plate and the inner plate.
The temperature of the silicone oil filled in the inner plate increases, but when the temperature of this silicone oil becomes high, the oil pressure of this silicone oil increases, which may cause the outer plate and inner plate to come into contact (hump phenomenon). be.
このようなハンプ現象が発生ずると、アウタープレート
とインナープレートとが互いに摩擦し合って両プレート
が摩耗してＶＣの耐久性を著しく劣化させる問題があっ
た。When such a hump phenomenon occurs, there is a problem in that the outer plate and the inner plate rub against each other, causing both plates to wear out and significantly deteriorating the durability of the VC.
（発明の目的）
そこで本発明は、作動室内に充填されたシリコンオイル
のような粘性流体の温度が高温になったときに、この粘
性流体の圧力を自動的に低下させて上述したハンプ現象
の発生を防止した動力伝達装置を提供することを目的と
する。(Objective of the Invention) Therefore, the present invention aims to prevent the hump phenomenon described above by automatically reducing the pressure of the viscous fluid, such as silicone oil, filled in the working chamber when the temperature of the fluid becomes high. The purpose is to provide a power transmission device that prevents this from occurring.
（発明の構成）
本発明の動力伝達装置は、作動室内の粘性流体が高温に
なったときに作動室の容積を増大させる容積可変手段を
備えていることを特徴とする。(Structure of the Invention) The power transmission device of the present invention is characterized in that it includes a volume variable means that increases the volume of the working chamber when the viscous fluid in the working chamber becomes high temperature.
（発明の効果）
上記構成により、粘性流体が高温になったときにはこの
粘性流体の圧力を低下させることができるから、ハンプ
現象の発生を効果的に防止してＶＣの耐久性を向上さセ
ることかできる。(Effects of the Invention) With the above configuration, the pressure of the viscous fluid can be reduced when the temperature of the viscous fluid becomes high, so the hump phenomenon can be effectively prevented and the durability of the VC can be improved. I can do it.
（実 施 例）
以下本発明の実施例について図面を参照して詳細に説明
する。(Example) Examples of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.
第１図は本発明の実施例の断面図を示し、ＶＣｌｏはデ
フキャリア２０内に収容されている。２１は人力軸であ
るスピンドルで、ボールベアリング２２によってデフキ
ャリア２０に回転自在に支持されており、スピンドル２
１の一端には、このスピンドル２１にスプライン結合さ
れたコンパニオンフランジ２３がナツト２４により取付
けられている。スピンドル２１の他端にはＶＣＩＯの作
動室２５の端壁を構成する壁部２６が一体に形成され、
この壁部２６に連接してＶＣＩＯの７ウタ一部材である
円筒状のハウジング２７が固着されζいる。一方、出力
軸はリヤデフ１１ （第２図）のドライブピニオン２８
であり、このドライブピニオン２８は、フロントベアリ
ング２９およびリヤベアリング３０によってスピンドル
２１と同軸的にデフキャリア２０に回転自在に支持され
ている。FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the invention, in which VClo is housed within a differential carrier 20. FIG. Reference numeral 21 denotes a spindle that is a human power shaft, and is rotatably supported by the differential carrier 20 by a ball bearing 22.
A companion flange 23 splined to the spindle 21 is attached to one end of the spindle 21 by a nut 24. A wall portion 26 that constitutes an end wall of the working chamber 25 of the VCIO is integrally formed at the other end of the spindle 21.
A cylindrical housing 27, which is one part of the VCIO, is fixedly connected to this wall portion 26. On the other hand, the output shaft is the drive pinion 28 of the rear differential 11 (Fig. 2).
The drive pinion 28 is rotatably supported by the differential carrier 20 coaxially with the spindle 21 through a front bearing 29 and a rear bearing 30.
ｖｃｔｏのインナー部材であるハブ３１はドライブピニ
オンにスプライン結合されており、このハブ３１は、ハ
ウジング２７の内周面に対して所定の離間関係をもって
対向する外周面を有してハウジング２７の内部に同軸配
置され、ハウジング２７の内周面とハブ３１の外周面と
の間に作動室２５が形成されている。ハウジング２７の
内周面には、軸線方向に延長する多数のスプライン溝３
２が全周に亘って設けられており、このハウジング２７
の内周面に、そのスプライン溝３２に係合しうる歯車状
の外周縁と多数の孔とを有する多数の円板状のアウター
プレート３３が、弾性を有するスペーサリング３４を介
して軸線方向にほぼ等間隔を保ってスプライン結合され
ている。同様に、ハブ３１の外周面にも軸線方向に延長
する多数のスプライン溝３５が全周に亘って設けられて
おり、このハブ３１の外周面に、そのスプライン溝３５
に係合しうる歯車状の内周縁と放射状の多数の溝とを有
する多数の円板状のインナープレート３６が、アウター
プレート３３に対して交互に配置される関係でハブ３１
の外周面にスプライン結合されている。３７は作動室２
５の端部を閉塞するためにハウジング２７に取付けられ
たカバーで、このカバー３７とハブ３１との間にはボー
ルベアリング３８が介装されており、またスピンドル２
１およびカバー３７とハブ３１との間にはそれぞれシー
ル３９が取付けられている。上述のように、ハウジング
２７、ハブ３１、スピンドル２１の壁部２６およびカバ
ー３７によって形成され、かつ内部にアウタープレート
３３およびインナープレート３６を配置した作動室２５
の内部には粘性流体としてシリコンオイルが充填されて
いる。A hub 31, which is an inner member of the VCTO, is spline-coupled to the drive pinion. A working chamber 25 is formed between the inner circumferential surface of the housing 27 and the outer circumferential surface of the hub 31, which are coaxially arranged. A large number of spline grooves 3 extending in the axial direction are formed on the inner peripheral surface of the housing 27.
2 is provided around the entire circumference, and this housing 27
A large number of disk-shaped outer plates 33 having a gear-shaped outer periphery and a large number of holes that can be engaged with the spline grooves 32 are arranged on the inner circumferential surface of the disk in the axial direction via an elastic spacer ring 34. Spline connections are made with approximately equal spacing. Similarly, a large number of spline grooves 35 extending in the axial direction are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the hub 31 over the entire circumference.
A plurality of disc-shaped inner plates 36 having a gear-shaped inner peripheral edge and a plurality of radial grooves that can be engaged with the hub 31 are arranged alternately with respect to the outer plate 33.
spline connection to the outer circumferential surface of the 37 is working chamber 2
A ball bearing 38 is interposed between the cover 37 and the hub 31, and a ball bearing 38 is installed between the cover 37 and the hub 31.
A seal 39 is installed between the hub 31 and the cover 37 and the hub 31, respectively. As described above, the working chamber 25 is formed by the housing 27, the hub 31, the wall 26 of the spindle 21, and the cover 37, and in which the outer plate 33 and the inner plate 36 are arranged.
The interior is filled with silicone oil as a viscous fluid.
以上のような基本構成に加えて、本実施例においては、
作動室２５の端壁を構成するスピンドル２１の壁部２６
の一部に空隙４１が設けられており、この空隙４１を覆
って熱によって変形する部材４２が取付けられている。In addition to the basic configuration described above, in this embodiment,
Wall portion 26 of spindle 21 forming an end wall of working chamber 25
A gap 41 is provided in a part of the gap 41, and a member 42 that is deformed by heat is attached to cover the gap 41.
この部材４２は例えば形状記憶合金で作製することがで
き、この部材４２に接しているシリコンオイルが高温に
なると、作動室２５の外方へ向って変位して作動室２５
内の容積を増大させ、シリコンオイルの温度が低下する
と、もとの形状に復帰して作動室２５の容積を原状態に
戻すように動作する。したがって、シリコンオイルの温
度が高温になったときは上記部材４２の変位によりシリ
コンオイルの圧力が低下するから、ハンプ現象の発生が
防止され、ＶＣＩＯの耐久性を向上することができる。This member 42 can be made of a shape memory alloy, for example, and when the silicone oil in contact with this member 42 becomes high temperature, it is displaced outward of the working chamber 25 and the working chamber 25 is
When the internal volume of the working chamber 25 is increased and the temperature of the silicone oil is lowered, it returns to its original shape and operates to return the volume of the working chamber 25 to its original state. Therefore, when the temperature of the silicone oil becomes high, the pressure of the silicone oil decreases due to the displacement of the member 42, thereby preventing the hump phenomenon and improving the durability of the VCIO.
なお、本実施例においては、熱によって変形する部材４
２として形状記憶合金を用いているが、バイメタル等を
用いてもよく、また、この部材４２をハウジング２７の
カバー３７側に設けてもよい。Note that in this embodiment, the member 4 that deforms due to heat is
Although a shape memory alloy is used as the member 2, a bimetal or the like may also be used, and this member 42 may be provided on the cover 37 side of the housing 27.
さらに、上記実施例においてはハウジング２７が人力軸
に、ハブ３Ｉが出力軸にそれぞれ連結されているが、ハ
ブ３１が入力軸にハウジング２７が出力軸にそれぞれ連
結された構成とすることもできる。Further, in the above embodiment, the housing 27 is connected to the human power shaft and the hub 3I is connected to the output shaft, but it is also possible to have a configuration in which the hub 31 is connected to the input shaft and the housing 27 is connected to the output shaft.
第１図は本発明による動力伝達装置の実施例を示す断面
図、第２図はＶＣをＯｌＫえた４輪駆動車の概略構成図
である。
ｌＯ−・ビスカスカップリング
２０−・デフキャリア ２１−スピンドル２５−作
動室 ２７−・−ハウジング２８−・−ドラ
イブピニオン ３１−・−ハブ３３−・・アウタープレ
ートFIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a power transmission device according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a four-wheel drive vehicle equipped with a VC. lO--Viscous coupling 20--Differential carrier 21-Spindle 25-Working chamber 27--Housing 28--Drive pinion 31--Hub 33--Outer plate
Claims (1)
か一方に連結されたアウター部材と、このアウター部材
の内周面に対して所定の離間関係をもって外周面を対向
させて前記アウター部材に対して同軸配置されかつ前記
入力軸および出力軸の他方に連結されたインナー部材と
の間に形成された作動室内に、前記アウター部材の内周
面に設けられた多数のアウタープレートと、前記アウタ
ープレートに対して交互に配置される関係で前記インナ
ー部材の外周面に設けられた多数のインナープレートと
が、粘性流体とともに配置されている動力伝達装置にお
いて、 前記粘性流体の温度が高温になったときに前記作動室の
容積を増大させる容積可変手段を備えていることを特徴
とする動力伝達装置。[Scope of Claims] An outer member connected to either one of an input shaft and an output shaft that are coaxially supported in a rotatable manner, and an outer circumferential surface facing the inner circumferential surface of the outer member with a predetermined spacing relationship. a plurality of outer members provided on the inner circumferential surface of the outer member within a working chamber formed between the inner member and the inner member coaxially arranged with respect to the outer member and connected to the other of the input shaft and the output shaft; In a power transmission device in which a plate and a plurality of inner plates provided on the outer peripheral surface of the inner member in an alternating relationship with respect to the outer plate are arranged together with a viscous fluid, the temperature of the viscous fluid A power transmission device comprising: a volume variable means for increasing the volume of the working chamber when the temperature reaches a high temperature.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2392686A JPS62184235A (en) | 1986-02-07 | 1986-02-07 | Power transmission |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2392686A JPS62184235A (en) | 1986-02-07 | 1986-02-07 | Power transmission |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS62184235A true JPS62184235A (en) | 1987-08-12 |
Family
ID=12124130
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2392686A Pending JPS62184235A (en) | 1986-02-07 | 1986-02-07 | Power transmission |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS62184235A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5004085A (en) * | 1989-03-13 | 1991-04-02 | Viscodrive Gmbh | Fluid friction coupling with closing slide |
-
1986
- 1986-02-07 JP JP2392686A patent/JPS62184235A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5004085A (en) * | 1989-03-13 | 1991-04-02 | Viscodrive Gmbh | Fluid friction coupling with closing slide |
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