JPS62182319A - Excavator for hole - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To curtail the cost of an excavator by a method in which a rotary shaft is thrust and projected from a supporting frame, a second supporting arm is pivotally attached to both ends of a first supporting arm pivotally attached to the rotary shaft, and a bit to be driven by the rotary shaft is attached to the outer end of the arm. CONSTITUTION:A center bit 14 is attached to the lower end of a drill pipe 3 set in a well 2, and a first supporting arm 5 is pivotally attached to the upper part of the pipe 3. A second supporting arms 8 and 9 are pivotally attached to both ends of the arm 5 in a bendable manner, and outer ring bits 12 and 13 are attached to the end of the arm 5. At he beginning of excavation, the arms 5, 8, and 9 are bent and the bits 12 and 13 are contacted with the inner wall of the well 2 to excavate the inside ground of the well 2 in conjunction with the center bit 4. When the bits 12 and 13 reach the cutting edge of the well 2, the second arms 8 and 9 are opened, the excavating radius of the bits 12 and 13 is increased, thereby excavating the ground below the cutting edge of the well 2.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a hole-drilling machine, and particularly to a hole-drilling machine that is effective when penetrating a cylindrical body such as a well, a caisson, or a shield into the ground.

(Prior art) In general, in the well sinking method, the well is suspended and supported, the ground at the bottom is excavated by a rotary drilling machine inserted inside the well, and then the well is sunk into the ground. . In order to sink a well, it is usually necessary to excavate not only the inside of the well, but also the ground below the cutting edge of the well. A special expansion bit is installed to excavate the ground below the cutting edge.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) From the above, the conventional excavating machine has a large number of bits, making it bulky as a whole, and the expanding mechanism of the expanding bit is complicated, so the cost of the machine is high. In addition to this, there was a problem in that troubles were likely to occur.

This invention eliminates the above-mentioned problems of the conventional ones, makes the digging radius of the bit variable, and thereby allows the ground inside the well and below the cutting edge to be excavated with the same bit, and the overall structure is simple. It is an object of the present invention to provide a hole-drilling machine that is inexpensive and can reduce the occurrence of trouble.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention has a rotating shaft projecting through a support frame at right angles to a support frame having a rotation preventing member around the circumference, so that the rotating shaft is pivoted so as not to be movable in the axial direction. A first support arm is pivoted to the protruding portion of the rotation shaft from the support frame in a direction perpendicular to the rotation shaft and is immovable in the axial direction, and a transmission shaft is attached to the end of the first support arm. is parallel to the rotating shaft and is pivotally connected so as to be immovable in the axial direction, and one end portion of the second support arm is pivotally connected to the transmission shaft in a direction perpendicular to the transmission shaft and immovable in the axial direction. , a bit shaft having a bit attached to the tip thereof is pivoted to the other end of the second support arm parallel to the rotating shaft and immovable in the axial direction;
A rotation transmission member connects the rotation shaft and the transmission shaft and between the transmission shaft and the bit shaft, and includes a member that applies a rotational force around the rotation shaft to the first support arm on the support frame. A hole drilling machine is characterized by the following features:

(Function) When the hole drilling machine according to the present invention is applied to, for example, the construction of sinking a well, the machine is inserted into the well, and the support frame is set so as not to rotate relative to the wall of the well using the rotation preventing member. When the rotary shaft is rotated in one direction while applying thrust, the rotation is transmitted to the outer bit through the transmission shaft, and the outer bit rotates on its own axis. At the same time, the first support arm rotates around the rotation axis by a rotational force imparting member provided on the support frame, whereby the outer ring bit rotates on its own axis and revolves around the rotation axis to excavate the ground within the well. At this time, since the second support arm is pivotally connected to the first support arm and can be bent, the second support arm tends to expand due to excavation resistance, but the outer ring bit restricts the expansion by the well wall. The outer ring bit revolves while slidingly contacting the well wall.

When the outer ring bit reaches the cutting edge of the well, the restriction is released, the second support arm expands, and the outer ring bit excavates the ground below the cutting edge. After excavating the ground below the cutting edge, when the rotary shaft is rotated in the opposite direction, the second support arm is bent relative to the first support arm, and in this state, the hole drilling machine is pulled up by a predetermined distance, Deposit the well.

(Example) As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, 1 is a hole excavated by the excavation machine according to the present invention, and in the case of well-sinking construction, a cylindrical well m2 is sunk in this hole 1. The drilling machine is a well
? 2i2 is provided with a drill pipe 3 arranged vertically, the lower end of the drill pipe 3 projects through a support frame 20, and is pivoted to the support frame 20 so as not to be movable in the vertical direction. The drill pipe 3 is rotated by, for example, a rotary table of a reverse circulation type excavator (not shown) installed on the ground surface, and muddy water containing drilling debris is circulated inside the drill pipe 3.

A plurality of protrusions 21 are provided around the support frame 20 to prevent its rotation, and these protrusions 21 are inserted between a pair of stoppers 2' and 2' vertically provided on the inner wall of the well 2. Although the support frame 20 cannot rotate relative to the well 2 due to the cooperation of the protrusion 21 and the stopper 2',
It can be moved up and down. Support arm 2
0 only needs to be unrotatable in one direction, that is, only in the rotational direction of the first support arm as will be described later.
As shown in the figure, the tips of the protrusion 21 and the stopper 2' may be provided with tapered surfaces that engage with each other, thereby making the support frame 20 non-rotatable.

A center bit 4 is attached to the lower end of the protruding portion of the drill pipe 3 from the support frame 20.

Above this, a first support arm 5 is oriented perpendicularly to the drill pipe 3 and is pivotally connected at an intermediate portion so as to be immovable up and down. Transmission shafts 6 and 7 are parallel to the drill pipe 3 and are pivotally attached to both ends of the first support arm 5 so as not to be vertically movable. 1116.7, one end of the second support arm 8,9 is oriented at right angles to the transmission shaft 6,7 and is pivotally mounted so that it cannot move up and down.
is bendable relative to the first support arm 5 on a horizontal plane. A bit shaft 10 is attached to the other end of the second support arms 8 and 9.
．． 11 is parallel to the drill pipe 3 and is pivotally connected so as not to be able to move up and down, and an outer ring bit 12.13 is attached to the lower end of this bit shaft 10.11.

A center gear 14 is fixed to the drill pipe 3, and idle gears 15 and 16 fixed to the transmission shafts 6 and 7 mesh with the center gear 14.
Outer gear 17 fixed to shafts 10 and 11 to pin 1
．． 1111 are in mesh with each other, so that the rotation of the drill pipe 3 is transmitted to the bit shaft 10°11 via the transmission shafts 6 and 7. Further, a planetary gear 22.23 is fixed to each transmission shaft 10.11, and this planetary gear 22.23 meshes with a ring gear 24 having internal teeth fixed to the lower surface of the support frame 2o.

Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be explained.

The well 2 is held by a suspension device (not shown) so as not to scuttle during excavation. When excavating at the beginning of excavation or when soil has entered the well, the excavating machine is the first
, 3, the second support arms 8 and 9 are bent so that the angle with the first support arm 5 becomes small, and the outer ring bits 12 and 13 are in contact with the inner wall of the well. When the drill pipe 3 rotates while being given a downward thrust,
The center bit 4 rotates and excavates the center of the bottom of the hole 1. On the other hand, the rotation of the drill pipe 3 is transmitted to the bit shaft 10.11 via the transmission shafts 6, 7, whereby the outer ring bit 12.13 at the lower end rotates to drill outside the bottom of the hole 1. At the same time, the rotation of the transmission shafts 6, 7 causes the planetary gears 22, 23 to revolve around the drill pipe 3 along the ring gear 24, thereby causing the first support arm 5 to rotate around the drill pipe 3, so that the outer ring bit The drill bits 12 and 13 revolve around the drill pipe 3 in the same direction as the rotational direction of the drill pipe, and excavate around the center bit 4.

At this time, an outward expanding force acts on the outer ring bit 12, 13 due to the digging resistance, but since it is restricted by the well 2, it revolves while slidingly contacting the inner wall surface thereof.

The ground inside the well 2 is excavated as described above, and when the outer ring pits 1 to 12.13 reach the cutting edge of the well 2, the well 2
The restriction of the outer ring bits 12 and 13 by the second support arms 8 and 9 is released, and the second support arms 8 and 9 expand so that the angle between them and the first support arm 5 becomes large, as shown in the fourth and fifth figures. By expanding the second support arms 8 and 9, the orbital radius of the outer ring bit 12, 13, that is, the digging radius becomes large, so that the ground below the cutting edge of the well 2 is excavated. Then excavate to the specified size! Then, while applying a slight thrust to the drill pipe 3, reverse it and thereby increase the pitch of the outer ring h1.
When 2 and 13 are reversed, the digging resistance causes the second support arms 8 and 9 to bend so that the angle between them and the first support arm 5 becomes smaller, returning to the state shown in the first and third figures, and this state Then, the excavation machine is raised by a predetermined amount and the well 2 is sunk. Then, a new well is added to the surface of the earth and the above-mentioned excavation is performed again, and this operation is repeated to sink the well.

A stopper (not shown) is provided at the pivot point of the second support arms 8, 9 to the first support arm 5, and this stopper allows the expansion limit position of the second support arms 8. The expansion limit position and bending limit position can be set according to the situation.

In addition to the method described above, the method for sinking the well is to excavate with the outer ring pit 1-12.13 always below the cutting edge of the well by expanding the second support arms 8 and 9, and to dig every time a predetermined depth is excavated. The well may be repeatedly sunk and the excavation machine pulled up at the final stage. Alternatively, a fixing member such as a gripper made of a hydraulic cylinder or the like may be provided around the support frame 20 to integrally fix the support frame 20 to the well wall so that the excavation machine and the well can be lowered simultaneously.

In the embodiment described above, the ring gear 24 having internal teeth was provided as a member for applying rotational force to the first support arm 5.
It may be replaced with a ring gear having external teeth, in which case the first
The direction of rotation of the support arm 5, i.e. the outer ring bit 12.13
The direction of revolution is opposite to the above.

FIGS. 6 and 7 show another embodiment, in which the same members as in the previous embodiment are given the same reference numerals and explanations are omitted, and only the different parts will be explained.

Bearing portion 5 of first support arm 5 that receives drill pipe 3
A gear 25 is fixed to a, and a drive motor 26 is installed on the support frame 20. A pinion 28 is attached to the shaft 27 of the drive motor 26 that protrudes downward from the support frame 20.
is fixed, and this pinion 28 meshes with the gear 25. In this embodiment, the drive motor 26 rotates the first support arm 5, thereby causing the outer ring bit 12.
13 will revolve.

Instead of the drive motor 26, a hydraulic cylinder having a horizontal rack is installed at the bottom of the support frame 20, and the bearing part 5
A gear that meshes with the rack may be fixed to a, and the first support arm 5 may be rotated by the operation of a hydraulic cylinder. In this case, the first support arm 5 will swing within a predetermined angular range.

8 and 9 show yet another embodiment, which is the sixth and seventh embodiment.
In the embodiment shown in the figures, between the bearing part 5a of the first support arm 5 and the outer end of the second support arm 8.9,
Hydraulic cylinders 30 and 31 are installed via brackets 29 (gears 14 to 18 are omitted in FIG. 9 to simplify the drawing). In this embodiment, the bending and spreading of the second support arms 8, 9 with respect to the first support arm 5 is effected by cylinders 30.31, in particular the bending and spreading of the second support arms 8, 9 depending on the type of ground. This is effective when digging resistance alone is not sufficient. Also, by changing the stroke of the cylinders 30, 31, the excavation radius can be adjusted to a desired size.

This hydraulic cylinder 30,31 may be installed in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1-5.

In each of the above embodiments, two outer ring bits are provided, but one or three or more may be provided, and the center bit may not necessarily be provided, in which case the outer ring bit may be of a large diameter.

Rotation may be transmitted by a combination of gear meshing, sprockets, and chains; for example, drill pipe 3
It is more effective if the rotation is transmitted between the transmission shafts 6, 7 and the bit shafts 6, 7 by meshing gears, and the rotation is transmitted between the transmission shafts 6, 7 and the bit shafts to, tt by a combination of sprockets and chains. become.

The hole drilling machine of the present invention can be applied not only to the construction of sinking wells, but also to the press-fitting of structures such as caissons and shields into the ground.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the present invention, the bit attached to the bit shaft rotated by the five rotation shafts revolves around the rotation shaft while rotating on its own axis during excavation, and the second support arm By expanding, the drilling radius becomes variable, and therefore, the same bit can be used to excavate the ground inside the well and below the cutting edge, for example, in well drilling work, and unlike the conventional expansion, which exclusively excavates the ground below the cutting edge. No opening bit is required, the overall structure is simplified, the cost of the machine can be reduced, and the occurrence of trouble can be reduced. In addition, since the method uses a small-diameter bit to drill a large-diameter hole, the thrust and drilling horsepower are small, and construction costs can be reduced.

Furthermore, the first support arm is rotated around the rotation axis by a rotational force imparting member provided on the support frame, and the outer ring bit is thereby forcibly revolved, so that the revolution torque changes depending on the type of ground. Therefore, efficient excavation can be carried out at all times.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing the state of excavation of the ground inside the well, and FIG.
Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view along the line m-m in Figure 1, Figure 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the state of excavation of the ground below the cutting edge of the well, Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view along line ■-■ as above, FIG. 6 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing another embodiment, FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view along line ■-■ as above, and FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view along line ■-■ as above. FIG. 9 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing another example, FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IX-IK same as above, and FIG. 1O is a plan view showing another example of the rotation prevention member.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A rotating shaft projects perpendicularly through a support frame having a rotation preventing member around the circumference and is pivotally connected to the rotating shaft so as not to be movable in the axial direction. A first support arm is pivoted at right angles to the rotation axis and cannot be moved in the axial direction, and a transmission shaft is attached to the end of the first support arm in parallel with the rotation axis and movable in the axial direction. One end of the second support arm is pivoted to the transmission shaft in a direction perpendicular to the transmission shaft and cannot be moved in the axial direction, and a bit is attached to the other end of the second support arm. A bit shaft attached to the tip is pivoted parallel to the rotating shaft and immovable in the axial direction, and a rotation transmitting member is provided between the rotating shaft and the transmission shaft and between the transmission shaft and the bit shaft. connected by
A hole drilling machine, characterized in that the support frame is provided with a member that applies a rotational force around a rotation axis to the first support arm. 2. The hole drilling machine according to claim 1, wherein a bit is attached to the tip of the rotating shaft. 3. The hole drilling machine according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the rotating shaft is a drill pipe through which muddy water circulates.