JPS62179228A - Microwave frequency band transmission and reception equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce cost by accommodating a transmission/reception branching filter, a transmission filter, a reception filter, and a transmission means and a reception means in a case so as to attain the miniaturization. CONSTITUTION:The equipment (case) main body 100 accommodates the transmission/reception branching filter, the transmission filter, the transmission circuit and the reception circuit or the like. A converter 101 covers the case 100, an O-ring 115 to apply air-tight water proof structure is inserted in a slot 114 and the case is tightened by screws 116. A shaft to support the equipment itself freely turnably is formed at both sides of the case main body 100. A front shaft support metallic fixture 102 and a rear shaft support metallic fixture 103 are fitted to the shaft freely turnably and the rear shaft support metallic fixture 103 has a function clamping the rear turning shaft 106 to lock the turning in common.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a microwave band transmitting/receiving device used for terrestrial communication, satellite communication, etc.
1i capable transmitting/receiving device.

[Problems to be solved by conventional technology and invention]

In relatively small capacity microwave band communication systems, the communication equipment is usually an antenna or a primary radiator.

The transmitter/receiver is not a unit such as a transmitter/receiver duplexer, transmitter, receiver, etc., but the transmitter and receiver, which have been made into individual units, are connected to the transmitter/receiver demultiplexer via a waveguide, and the power is supplied from the transmitter/receiver demultiplexer. It is guided to the primary radiator via the LL waveguide. Note that the transmitter and receiver may be housed in one flute body.

In such a configuration, in order to increase the S/N of the transmitted and received signals, it is necessary to precisely match the polarization plane of the radio waves to the polarization plane of the primary radiator. There are two ways to achieve this:

The first method is to rotate all of the transmitter/receiver, feed line, transmitter/receiver duplexer, primary radiator, etc.

FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the method, in which 10 is a transmitter, 11 is a receiver, 12ri transmission feeding waveguide, 13
1 is a waveguide for receiving and receiving signals, and 14 is a transmitting and receiving duplexer.

The primary radiator 15A is a parabolic reflector, and these devices are supported by antenna support structures 16, 17, 18°19. The transmitting/receiving device is a VC on the back of the reflector.
One of the reasons why the long feeding waveguide is guided to the primary radiator 15 is because the transmitter and receiver 10.11 are large, so placing them near the primary radiator 15 blocks incoming radio waves. 10. It is not recommended to do so, and the transmitter and receiver 10.
11 is heavy, so the structure that stably supports it must also be strong. Here, the polarization plane is adjusted by rotating the transmitting and receiving waveguides, the primary radiator, the transmitting and receiving duplexer, etc. around the axis. The disadvantages of this method are that, in addition to the serious problem of high power supply loss, the polarization adjustment mechanism is complicated and expensive.

The second method will be explained with reference to FIG.

The second method uses a so-called offset Bora Bora antenna 2B, which allows the transmitter and receiver 10.11 to be placed near the primary radiator 15. IfJ
It has the characteristic of being able to significantly reduce losses. 2
1 is a transmission filter, 22ri reception filter, 12 is a transmission feeding waveguide, 13 is a reception feeding waveguide, 14 is a transmission/reception duplexer, and 15 is a primary radiator. Reference numeral 23 is also a support member for the primary radiator, but it is made strong because the transmitter/receiver is attached thereto. Although this method can reduce power supply system loss, the reduction is still not negligible. In this method, it is necessary to insert the polarizer 20 between the transmitter/receiver duplexer 14 and the primary radiator 15 in order to rotate the plane of polarization.

In this method, it is unavoidable that the device becomes expensive due to the complexity of the structure, the size and weight of the device, and the necessity of a polarizer. Also, aerial support structure Oiwake 24, 25.26
This also increases the overall weight and cost, which adds to the problem. The configuration of the transmitting/receiving device including the antenna described above is complex and expensive.

It takes time to assemble and adjust during installation, and the configuration shown in Figure 8 uses long power supply lines, resulting in large power supply losses.
This has the serious drawback of requiring a higher power transmitter and increasing receiver noise.

[Means for solving problems]

In order to solve the above problems, the microwave band transmitting and receiving device of the present invention includes a housing, a primary radiator, and a transmitting/receiving demultiplexer that demultiplexes a transmitted signal and a received signal via the primary radiator. , a transmitting filter and a receiving filter connected to the transmitting input and receiving output of the transmitting/receiving duplexer, respectively;
transmitting means connected to the transmitting filter and inputting a predetermined transmitting intermediate frequency signal and outputting the transmitting signal; receiving means connected to the receiving filter inputting the received signal and outputting the predetermined receiving intermediate frequency signal; , support means for rotatably supporting the housing with the radio wave emission axis of the housing as a central axis, and the transmitting/receiving duplexer, the transmitting filter, the receiving filter, the transmitting means, and the receiving means are housed in the housing. It is characterized by

〔Example〕

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of the transmitting/receiving device of the present invention, and is a diagram that best explains its features.

The device (R body) main body 100 includes a transmitting/receiving duplexer, a transmitting filter,
Accommodates reception filters, transmission circuits, reception circuits, etc. The cover 101 covers the housing 100, and an O-ring 115 is inserted into the groove 114 and fastened with a screw 116 in order to make the transmitting/receiving device airtight and waterproof. A shaft portion for rotatably supporting the device itself is formed on both sides of the housing body 100. 105 is the primary radiator (104) installation 7
The front rotating shaft portion 106, which also serves as a lunge, is a rear rotating shaft portion that has input/output connectors for signals, power, etc. that control the input/output of the transmitting/receiving device.

Front shaft support fittings 102 for these shafts. A rear shaft support fitting 103 is rotatably fitted. Rear shaft support fitting 10
3 also serves as a mechanism for clamping (clamping) the rear rotation lll1106 to fix its rotation. Primary radiator (
(referred to as a horn) 104t: It is attached to the t flange 105. 107 is a transmitting circuit.

Microwave circuit modules that are divided into appropriate functional units and configured to constitute a receiving circuit, etc., are manufactured using hybrid IC technology, and some 9 are manufactured using monolithic IC technology. These techniques have significantly reduced the size of transceiver circuits. Other circuits 108 include a local oscillator, an intermediate frequency amplifier, and the like.

Next, before explaining the specific configuration of the transmitting/receiving device of the present invention, how the transmitting/receiving device of the present invention is used will be explained. FIGS. 2(a) and 2(b) show an example of a usage pattern. In this figure, numeral 1 indicates the entire transmitting/receiving device of the present invention. 2 is the main reflector of the antenna, 3 is a support member for the transmitter/receiver, 4 is a frame that supports the entire antenna with transmitter/receiver,
5 is a mechanism for adjusting the elevation angle of the 9-plane antenna, and 6 is an antenna support post.

This embodiment basically constitutes an offset parabolic antenna. The antenna is aligned with the direction in which the radio waves arrive by adjusting the azimuth using the support boss 6 and the elevation angle using the elevation adjustment mechanism 5. Here, matching the polarization plane of the primary radiator to the polarization plane of the radio wave can be easily accomplished by rotating the entire transmitting/receiving device l integrated with the primary radiator 104, as explained in FIG. When the angles match, the adjustment is completed by fixing the rotation of the device body using the aforementioned clamp mechanism.

As described above, the transmitting/receiving device of the present invention is a primary radiator.

It is characterized by integrating the transmitter/receiver duplexer, transmitter/receiver circuit, etc., making it more compact, and by adopting a structure that supports the transmitter/receiver unit in a rotatable manner, which significantly simplifies the overall structure of the device, including the antenna. Due to the miniaturization, the member 3 that holds the transmitting/receiving device in a predetermined positional relationship with the antenna is made of a strong and heavy member, and is large in size. , 15 minutes. It also requires the use of expensive functional parts called TAWAYO YG9 IZA.

Furthermore, by integrating the primary radiator and the transmitting/receiving duplexer, and by integrating everything except the primary radiator into the transmitting/receiving device, it has become possible to significantly improve weather resistance.

Since the waveguide does not come out to the outside as in the conventional case, the entire transmitter/receiver device can be made airtight and waterproof using only the two O-rings 115 described above. This miniaturization of the transmitting/receiving device significantly reduces blocking of radio waves and allows the transmitting/receiving device to be placed near the reflecting mirror. With this K, it is possible to almost eliminate the power supply system loss. The effect of this is to reduce the output power of the transmitting amplifier, which significantly contributes to reducing the power consumption of the device. The transmitter amplifier is 1
The reduction in power supply system loss has a significant effect on reducing the power consumption of the device. Reducing the power consumption of the device leads to the required smaller heat dissipation fins, which in turn facilitates the miniaturization of the device.

Reducing power supply system loss has the effect of reducing receiver noise, and lower receiver noise will lead to smaller antennas.

As explained above, the transmitting/receiving device of the present invention provides essential solutions to various conventional problems.

Next, the configuration of the transmitting/receiving device of the present invention will be explained in more detail. FIGS. 3(a) and 3(b) show the external features of the present invention, with heat dissipation fins 117 on the outside of the housing body 100 and the cover 101.
is formed. This is mainly provided to release the heat generated from the transmitting amplifier and to keep the temperature rise of the device low. A primary radiator 104 is installed on one side of the main body 100.
It is attached to the clamp part 105 inside the rotating shaft of 00.

A rotation shaft 106 for the main body 100 is similarly formed on the back side. Inside the shaft 106 is a connector 109.

In this embodiment, the intermediate frequency signals for transmission and reception share one coaxial cable, and the power supply line for the device also uses the same coaxial cable, so there is only one connector.

The heat dissipation fins 117 provided on the main body and cover are recessed around the entire circumference of the transmitting/receiving device, so that heat dissipation does not deteriorate even if the device integrated with the horn is rotated to adjust the plane of polarization.

In FIG. 3(c)K, an angle scale 110 is provided between the main body rear shaft 106 and the rear bearing 103 in order to easily adjust the polarization angle. After checking the inclination of the entire antenna device, the adjustment can be completed very easily by matching the polarization angle using this angle scale.

Next, the internal configuration will be explained. First, the circuit configuration will be explained with reference to FIG. The primary radiator (horn) 104 and the input/output connector 109 are exposed outside the transmitting/receiving device, but all other circuits are housed inside the device. 050 is a transmitting/receiving duplexer and is a waveguide with a rectangular cross section. Orthogonal mode converter (O
rthogonalModeTransducer)
It is made up of. Reference numerals 51 and 51' denote a transmission filter and a reception filter, respectively, which have a waveguide structure and are formed integrally with the transmission/reception duplexer 50. 52 is a detector that detects the level of the transmitted signal. 53 is a power amplifier. 55 is a filter for selecting only the transmission RF multiplied signal, and 56 is a transmission mixer (transmission frequency converter). Next, on the reception side, 54 is a low noise amplifier, 57 is a reception signal selection filter, and 58 is a reception mixer (reception frequency converter).

The above constitutes the transmitting/receiving BP' circuit.

The power amplifier, low-noise amplifier, transmitting/receiving mixer, etc. are constructed using microwave band hybrid IC technology. The remainder is constructed using waveguide circuit technology. The local oscillator 60's local oscillator signal is divided by a distributor 61 and sent to the aforementioned transmission mixer 56.
When received, the signal is input to the receiver 58.

Next, the IP (intermediate frequency) circuit will be explained.

59 and 60 are mixer IP filters, 63 is a transmission IP amplifier, 64 is a variable attenuator, and the above-mentioned transmission level detector 5
In combination with 2, the transmit power is kept at a constant value. Its control circuit is 71. 65 is a receiving IP amplifier. 6
Reference numeral 9 denotes a control circuit that monitors the output power of the two local oscillators when the transmission output level decreases, and sends out an alarm signal to the outside of the transmitting/receiving device.

70 is a voltage stabilizer for keeping the voltage supplied to each part of the circuit constant. There are three demultiplexing/synthesizing circuits for superimposing these transmission IP multiplied signals, reception IP signals, alarm signals, DC power, etc. onto one coaxial cable. First, the multiplexer 68 separates the alarm signal ALM and the direct current DC. Multiplexer 67 separates the alarm signal plus DC and the received IP flaw signal. The multiplexer 66 separates the (alarm signal plus DC) plus received IP' signal and transmitted IP times signal. These signals are connected to connector 109
input/output to the transmitting/receiving device via.

Next, how these circuits were miniaturized and compactly housed within the transmitting/receiving device will be explained below. The following two factors directly determine the size of the device. One is the heat dissipation structure necessary to effectively dissipate the generated heat, and the other is the size of the 82 circuit.

The structure used by the transmitting/receiving device of the present invention in order to effectively dissipate heat will be described. Approximately 70% of the heat in the transmitting/receiving device is generated from the transmitting power amplifier 53 (FIG. 4). Therefore, this heat radiation is important. The transmission power amplifier is composed of 6 to 8 stages of transistor amplifier circuits and is divided into a plurality of modules 1o7 (FIG. 1). These modules 107 are fixed to a heat sink plate (partition plate) 118 of the transmitter/receiver main body as shown in FIG. The heat transmitted to the heat sink plate is directly transmitted to the outer periphery of the device main body 100 and the cover 101 by heat conduction, and is transferred to the fins 117 provided in this part.
Some of it escapes into the air, and some of it is blown out into space and escapes.

FIG. 7 is a cross section taken along a plane perpendicular to the radio wave emission axis of the present device, and shows the structure of the plane marked BB in FIG.

Heat is directly transmitted from the heat sink plate 118 to the radiation fins 117 on the outside of the main body 100 and further to the radiation fins 11 on the cover 101.
Escape to 7. In this way, the efficient heat dissipation structure consisting of direct heat conduction and heat dissipation fins allows the device to be miniaturized.

Next, we will explain how the R2 circuit was made smaller. Figure 5 shows how this device is connected to the radio wave emission axis (Figure 3 (a) 119).
) and is a cross-sectional view taken along a plane parallel to the heat sink plate 118 (FIG. 6) to which the circuit module is attached. FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the plane marked A-A in FIG. 7. As mentioned earlier, the R and F circuits are waveguide circuits.
1 and a module 107 using microwave hybrid IC technology. The waveguide circuit [-11 includes the transmitter/receiver duplexer 50 shown in FIG. Partial circuits of the transmission filter 51° and the reception filter 51' are integrally formed in the housing body 100 as 201, 202, and 203, respectively. Integrating such a waveguide circuit into the housing body makes the device smaller.

Another major factor in miniaturization is that the functional components of the R2 circuit have been miniaturized using hybrid IC technology.

Transmission power amplifier 53 explained using FIG. Low noise amplifier 54. The miniaturization of the transmitting/receiving mixers 56, 58, etc. and forming a functional module 107 as shown in FIG. 5 greatly contributes to the miniaturization of the transmitting/receiving device.

As explained above, the following effects can be obtained by the transmitting/receiving device of the present invention.

■ Miniaturization not only makes the transmitter/receiver cheaper;
8 live is not required, the antenna is simplified and lightweight, and the overall cost can be significantly reduced.

■Easy to assemble the device, adjust the direction, and adjust the polarization plane.
Reduce installation costs.

■ By reducing the size and reducing the power supply system loss to almost zero, the output of the transmission power amplifier could be lowered, which also facilitated the miniaturization of the device.

It also reduces receiver noise and contributes to the miniaturization of parabolic reflectors, which greatly contributes to reducing equipment costs.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing the overall structure of the microwave band transmitting/receiving device of the present invention, and FIGS. 2(a) and (b) are side views of the transmitting/receiving device of the present invention combined with an antenna. FIG. 4 is a circuit block diagram of an embodiment of the microwave band transmitting/receiving device of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a sectional view including the central axis of the device parallel to the central partition plate, that is, the heat sink plate surface of the transmitting/receiving device, and FIG. The figure is a cross-sectional view perpendicular to the heat sink plate and including the central axis of the device (Fig. 5 A-A), and Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view perpendicular to the axis of the device (radio wave emission axis) (Fig. 5 B- 8) It is a figure. FIG. 8 is a side view showing one typical configuration example of a conventional transmitting/receiving device including an antenna, and FIG. 9 is a side view showing another typical configuration example. 1... Entire transmitting/receiving device of the present invention, 2, 2A, 2
B... Parabolic reflecting mirror, 3... Transmitting/receiving device support member, 4... Reflecting mirror support frame, 5...
... Elevation angle adjustment mechanism, 6 ... Antenna support post, 50 ... Transmission/reception duplexer, 51 ... Transmission filter, 51'... River/reception filter, 52...
... Transmission level detector, 53 ... Transmission power amplifier, 54 ... Low noise amplifier, 56 ...
・Transmission mixer, 58...Reception mixer, 63...
...Transmission IF amplifier, 65...Reception IP amplifier, 64...Variable attenuator, 62...
Local oscillator, 66.67.68... Multiplexer, 100... Transmitting/receiving device (casing) main body, 1
01... Transmitter/receiver cover, 102...
- Front shaft support metal fitting, 103... Rear shaft support metal fitting. 104... group primary radiator (horn), 105...
...Front rotating shaft section, 106... Rear rotating shaft section,
107...Microwave circuit module, 108
......Intermediate frequency circuit, etc., 109...Input/output connector, 110...Angle display scale for polarization angle adjustment %ill... Waveguide circuit, 112...
...Waveguide circuit cover, 113... Waveguide circuit main body side, 114. Mountain... QIJ groove, 115.
...°...0 ring, 116...screw, 11
7... Fin, 118... Center partition plate or heat sink plate, 201... Waveguide circuit of transmitter/receiver duplexer, 202... Transmit filter Equal wave tube circuit, 203... Waveguide circuit of reception filter. 1.3. Figure 4-Figure 8

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A housing, a primary radiator, a transmitting/receiving duplexer that demultiplexes a transmitting signal and a receiving signal via the primary radiator, and connected to the transmitting input and receiving output of the transmitting/receiving duplexer, respectively. a transmission filter and a reception filter; a transmission means connected to the transmission filter for inputting a predetermined transmission intermediate frequency signal and outputting the transmission signal; and a transmission means connected to the reception filter for inputting the reception signal and outputting the transmission signal; It includes a receiving means that outputs a frequency signal, and a supporting means that rotatably supports the housing with the radio wave emission axis of the housing as a central axis, and includes the transmitting/receiving duplexer, the transmitting filter, the receiving filter, the transmitting means, and A microwave band transmitting/receiving device characterized in that a receiving means is housed within the housing. (2) The microwave band transmitting/receiving device according to claim 1, wherein the supporting means includes means for fixing rotation of the casing. (3) The microwave band transmitting/receiving device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the transmitting/receiving branching filter, the transmitting filter, and the receiving filter are formed in the housing as a waveguide circuit. Device.