JPS6217489B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an artificial reef (also referred to as a floating reef) with improved stability.

In the past, many attempts and proposals have been made regarding artificial seaweed and artificial fish reefs in order to encourage the breeding and breeding of young fish in coastal waters, but most of them are large in shape or weight, requiring huge costs to transport, transport, and install.
Few of them have actually been put into practice, and many fish reefs, which are easy to transport and install, lack durability in the harsh natural world and do not function well as fish reefs. For example, a fish reef built three-dimensionally underwater using concrete blocks or iron pipes is difficult to construct and work with, and depending on the location, the reef may become buried under the seabed over time and lose its function as a fish reef. In addition, floating fish reefs described in Utility Model Publication No. 1972-21998, in which the fish reef itself is made of fabric and placed in the sea in the shape of an umbrella, have an excellent function of creating a shadow area, but if they become large, they will not be affected by the effects of tidal currents. As a result, the stability of the fish reef deteriorates. Furthermore, there are concerns about durability due to increased resistance to external forces such as tidal currents.

The present invention has improved the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional artificial floating reefs.In particular, the reef itself has excellent stability, the reef volume does not shrink, it can be used in an expanded state, it can be used for a long period of time, and the structure is simple and easy to construct. This provides an artificial fish reef that is easy to work with, can be used stably even when seaweed grows, is inexpensive to install, and is durable.

That is, the present invention provides a fish reef in which a net-like material or a fabric-like material is provided as a wall on a support made of a rope-like material that connects a plurality of floating bodies.
This artificial reef is characterized by the fact that the closer it is to the water surface, the greater its buoyancy.

The present invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings.

1 to 3 are side views showing a state in which a floating fish reef according to an embodiment of the present invention is installed in the sea.
In FIG. 1, a plurality of floating bodies 1 are rope-like objects 2
They are connected and fixed together to form a pillar. When connecting multiple floating bodies 1 to the rope-like object 2, as shown in the figure, connect the one with the highest buoyancy to the position near the water surface, and connect the one with the lower buoyancy to the position deeper in the water. . Further, a net-like material 4 is attached to the pillar to form a shadow part, which is a condition that a fish reef should have, to form a floating fish reef body. The floating fish reef body is moored and fixed with a mooring rope 5 and an anchor 6, and a marker buoy 7 is attached and installed from the floating fish reef body. Here, the floating body must have a specific gravity of less than 1.0 and have excellent water resistance and seawater resistance.
As long as these conditions are met, there are no particular limitations on the material or shape, except for the issue of buoyancy, but buoyancy bodies are usually made of polyethylene, and the surface of the glass beads is covered with a mesh material. A buoyant body is used. That is, in the present invention, the floating body plays an important role in maintaining the stability of the fish reef body. For example, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, it is important to use floating bodies that have lower buoyancy as they are located on the bottom, and higher buoyancy as they are closer to the water surface. This is because living things in the water (including the sea) grow rapidly near the water surface.
They have the characteristic of easily attaching to floating bodies and fish reefs, and if floating bodies are not designed with this point in mind, the problem will occur in which those closest to the water surface will settle first due to biofouling, and the balance of fish reefs will be greatly affected. This leads to the disadvantage of collapsing and reducing the volume of the reef. In other words, it has the disadvantage that it cannot be used for a long period of time.

The rope-like object is made of synthetic fiber material such as polyamide, polyester, polyethylene, or polypropylene, and its shape may be a three-stranded rope, a cross rope, or a belt with a woven structure, but a cross rope made of polyamide or polyester is preferable. is used. The net may be a conventional fishing net made of synthetic fiber material, but
More preferably, a structure and material to which seaweed and nutrient salts easily adhere and are difficult to fall off should be selected. From this point of view, polyamide-based synthetic fibers are preferred as the material for the net, as they have excellent adhesion to living things, durability, and the like. In addition, structures with irregularities on the surface are preferred; for example, structures with non-woven fabric attached around highly strong polyamide filament fibers are particularly advantageous as they have good bioadhesion and can enhance the function as a fish reef. It is. As mentioned above, the reason for using the mesh is to improve bioadhesion, enlarge the shadow area, and create a natural environment on the reef itself.Furthermore, the mesh reduces the resistance of the reef itself due to external forces such as tidal currents, and the mesh prevents eddies. This is due to the fact that it has an effect such as increasing the effect. The mesh size of the net-like material is preferably 20 to 60 cm from the above-mentioned viewpoint. The thickness of the mesh varies depending on the environmental conditions of the installation location, but is preferably 30,000 to 150,000 d. Third
The figure is an example of a floating fish reef showing another aspect of the present invention.

In FIG. 3, a plurality of floating bodies 1 are connected and fixed by rope-like objects 2 to form an integrated support. The pillars are moored and fixed in a semicircular shape as shown in FIG. Furthermore, a plurality of floating bodies having a smaller buoyancy than the floating body 1 are installed at approximately equal intervals from the floating body 1 located approximately at the center of the support, and the net-like material 4 is fixed to the support as shown in FIG. The fixing position of the net to the support is preferably the part where the floating body is located from the point of view of the shape stability of the net, but it may be the position of the rope-like object of the support. Preferably, the netting is extended approximately parallel to the sea bed. Figure 2 shows the layout of the floating fish reef shown in Figure 1 when two props are used. In FIG. 2, the pillars are arranged so as to be substantially perpendicular to the sea surface, and the pillars are connected and fixed with a mesh 4 as shown in FIG. In this case, the number of columns may be two as shown in the drawing, or the number of columns may be further increased depending on the environment of the installation location (water depth and current velocity). Furthermore, the position and area for fixing the net-like object are designed as appropriate. Figure 4~
FIG. 6 each shows a perspective view showing a floating fish reef according to the present invention installed in the sea. In FIG. 4, a plurality of columns are fixed around a floating body 1 with mooring ropes 5 and anchors 6, and the columns are connected and fixed with a net 4 as shown in FIG. 4 to form a three-dimensional floating fish reef. Similarly, in Fig. 5, the plurality of supports are net-like
They are connected and fixed to form a three-dimensional floating fish reef.
FIG. 6 shows a state in which the columns are arranged in a three-dimensional grid pattern and connected and fixed. The function as a floating fish reef can be enhanced by appropriately fixing the net-like material 4 to the lattice portion of the three-dimensional lattice.

As shown in Figures 4 to 6, floating bodies closer to the water surface are made three-dimensional using materials with greater buoyancy, and are highly stable and can be used for long periods in an expanded state without shrinking the volume of the reef. This increases the shading effect, vortex effect, etc. necessary for a fish reef, and enhances its function as a fish reef. The floating fish reef according to the present invention can be constructed by arranging the structures shown in Figs. 1 to 6 in combination, or by arranging a plurality of single units of the same type. It is possible to increase the scale of

As mentioned above, the floating fish reef according to the present invention is composed of flexible supports, net-like materials, and floating bodies whose buoyancy is greater as they are closer to the water surface, so that even when seaweed grows, the reef volume does not shrink. First, it is durable enough to be used stably for a long period of time, and because the material is lightweight, it is extremely easy to transport and construct during construction. Furthermore, the structure of the mesh,
It has great features such as being able to be designed to easily adapt to various environments depending on how it is expanded, and can become a natural fishing ground due to the seaweed that grows attached to the net.

Next, an example will be described.

Example 1 A floating body made of polyethylene with a buoyancy of 200 kg was placed above the center of the fish reef body as shown in Figure 4. The floating body was fixed with three nylon ropes with a diameter of 30 mm, and each floating body was placed at an interval of 5 m from the floating body. Floating bodies with a buoyancy of 100Kg, 80Kg, 60Kg, 40Kg, and 20Kg were tied and fixed to a rope-like object in sequence, the one with higher buoyancy being closer to the water surface to form three columns, and the end of each column was made of polyamide material. A mooring rope 5 with a diameter of 50 mm was connected. The net material was made of polyamide synthetic fiber, and a twine of about 100,000 d was made, and a frogmata knotted net with a mesh size of 30 cm was made from the twine. Further, the mesh of this mesh is expanded to form a nearly square shape to make the mesh shown in the figure, and the outer periphery of the mesh is further fixed and reinforced with a mesh reinforcing rope made of polyamide material with a diameter of 7 mm to form a mesh. And so. This net-like material was tied and fixed with a rope near the bottom of each floating body as shown in FIG. The length of the lowest part of the net was approximately 35 m. As shown in Figure 4, a nylon rope with a diameter of 20 mm is connected to the center of the net from the floating body 1 to the lowest layer of the net to prevent the net from settling due to weight increase due to biofouling after installation. The mesh material and the rope were tied together and fixed. Furthermore, an 80m mooring rope was connected to a concrete anchor weighing 3 tons in the air, and the vessel was submerged and moored in the sea at a depth of 70m, with a distance of 150m between the anchors. Furthermore, a marker buoy was attached to the bottom of Floating Structure 1 for targeting and safety purposes. The underwater position of the floating fish reef body was such that floating body 1 was 20 m below the water surface, and the lowest part of the net was 40 m below the water surface. The main body of the floating fish reef was set up in the shape of an almost triangular pyramid, and its volume was approximately ^4000m3 .

The floating fish reef according to the present invention does not shrink in volume even when seaweed grows, and has the durability to be used stably for a long period of time. It provided an excellent environment. Furthermore, it was lightweight and construction work was easy.

Example 2 As shown in Figure 5, a floating body 1 with a buoyancy of 200 Kg is fixed to the center of the column, and floating bodies with a buoyancy of 100 Kg, 80 Kg, 60 Kg, and 40 Kg are fixed in order from positions close to the water surface at 5 m intervals. Post 3 with nylon rope
A book was created. Furthermore, a 50m long mooring rope was connected to each end of the support. Furthermore, the net-like material shown in Example 1 was arranged so that the distance between the supports was 100 m as shown in Figure 5, and the overall length was 200 m.
A floating fish reef body was prepared, and similarly to Example 1, it was moored in the sea at a depth of 70 m with anchors (5 tons/piece). The distance between the anchors at both ends of the column was 100 m. Furthermore, as shown in Figures 1 to 5, marker buoys were attached to the floating bodies for target installation locations and safety.
The underwater position of the floating fish reef body is Floating body 1 is 20 below the water surface.
m, the lowest part of the net was 35 m below the water surface. The floating fish reef body was installed in a substantially semi-cylindrical shape and had a volume of 90000 m ³ , and the same effect as in Example 1 was observed. In this example, in order to improve the morphological stability, it was found that the morphological stability could be further improved by mooring and fixing another column to which three floating bodies 1 (buoyant force 200 kg) were connected as shown in FIG.

Example 3 Using substantially the same materials as those used in Examples 1 and 2, a three-dimensional lattice-shaped floating fish reef shown in FIG. 6 was fabricated. The length of one side of the grid is 10 m,
A floating body was attached to the intersection of the pillars. The buoyancy of the upper floating body was 60Kg and the buoyancy of the lower floating body was 40Kg. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 6, a net-like material was fixed to the lattice part, and the floating fish reef body was installed in the sea at a depth of 70 m using mooring ropes, anchors, and marker buoys. The average position of the upper buoyant body was 20 m below the water surface, and the average position of the lower buoyant body was 30 m below the water surface. The floating fish reef body is installed in a gentle arc shape and has a volume of ^15,000m3 .
The same effects as in Examples 1 and 2 were observed.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 to 3 are side views showing a floating fish reef according to an embodiment of the present invention installed in the sea, and Figures 4 to 6 show floating fish reefs according to the present invention installed in the sea. A perspective view is shown. 1: Floating body, 2: Rope-like object, 4: Net-like object, 5:
Mooring rope, 6: anchor, 7: marker buoy.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An artificial reef consisting of a support made of a rope-like material connecting a plurality of floating bodies with a net-like material or fabric-like material as a wall, characterized in that the closer the floating members are to the water surface, the greater their buoyancy. Fish reef.