JPS6217474B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention comprises a command transmitter, a first counter to which the output of the command transmitter is applied to form a digital control signal, and a storage device to which the digital control signal is applied. It is equipped with a converter that derives a firing pulse from a digital control signal given from a storage device, and a semiconductor power switch to which the firing pulse is applied, and the phase of the firing pulse with respect to the zero point passage of the AC load applied to the load is determined by the latter. The present invention relates to stepless control devices for electrical loads, in particular dimmers, based on the phase cutting principle, which are related to digital control signals.

Circuit devices for stepless remote control of electrical loads, in particular dimmer devices for lighting devices, are currently an important element of household wiring technology. In currently used dimmers operating according to the phase-cutting principle, the phase-cutting of the active power part in the load current circuit is effected, for example, by rotating a setting button of a potentiometer contained in a phase shifter. controlled by The setting potentiometer, its own switchgear, for example a thyristor or a triac with a driver circuit, form a component in this case. These are usually built into wall-mounted cases. The maximum switching power of this type of built-in dimmer is
Limited to 400W. This is because the heat loss generated in the thyristor or triax cannot be sufficiently conducted to the outside. In a new wiring technology described in German Patent Application No. 2205414, very flat command transmitters and foil conductors are glued onto a plaster wall, and these command transmitters connect one or more A switching device constituted by a semiconductor power switch is operated through the control section. In this wiring technology, a semiconductor power switch is located in close proximity to the load that is switched on and off by the switch. The previously known dimmer devices are not suitable for use in this new wiring system due to their different dimensions and different operating methods. In particular, in known light control devices, it is not considered to electrically and spatially separate the low power control circuit and the load current circuit.

The object of the invention is to provide a dimmer device which is suitable for this new wiring technology and is designed in particular as a component that is consistent with other components of this wiring technology.

This object is achieved according to the invention in the control device mentioned at the outset, in which the command transmitter has a pulse transmitter, which supplies pulses with a constant repetition frequency during operation of the operating mechanism, and further provides a command transmitter. The first counter provided on the output side of the counter counts in both directions between the maximum value and the minimum value, and
In the first operating state there is an addition count, and in the second operating state there is a subtraction count, and the phase position of the ignition pulse formed in the transducer is determined by the output signal of the first counter, which is conducted as a digital control signal to the storage device. This is achieved by being determined by. In contrast to the phase-disconnect control devices used in conventional wiring technology, the device according to the invention has the advantage that a complete separation between the control current circuit and the load current circuit is obtained. Furthermore, a coding circuit connected after each operation transmitter can convert the given command into a coded signal,
As a result, if there are a large number of command transmitters, it is possible to assign to each command transmitter a corresponding switchgear by means of a code. As a result, the dimming circuit configuration as a whole is
It can be made up of individual structural units that are comparable to the other structural units of the wiring technique disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 2205414. Furthermore, according to the present invention, by supplying pulses with a constant repetition frequency during the operation time of the operating mechanism of the electrical load to be controlled, it is possible to control the load power without any particular disturbance.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a general block diagram of the device according to the invention. The command transmitter 1 consists of, for example, an astable multivibrator, and the control mechanism, for example, every 500 ms, as long as the operation button is pressed.
Emit a pulse lasting 10ms. The control unit 2 receives the pulses from the command transmitter 1 and, depending on the number of these pulses, determines the position of the ignition pulse for the semiconductor power switch 3 in relation to the passage of the zero value of the alternating voltage coming from the grid voltage source 4. Control. A trigger conductor 6 is used for the trigger in this case. The load 5 is connected in series with the semiconductor power switch 3.

FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of the control section 2. As shown in FIG.
The first counter 21 counts the pulses output from the command transmitter 1. The counter is designed to count up to a maximum value, switch to active direction when the maximum value is reached, then count down again, and switch back to counting when the minimum value is reached. In this way, the semiconductor power switch 3 is brought into the desired open/closed state only by continuing to operate the command transmitter.
The first counter 21 is provided with a storage device 22 that stores the state of the first counter. 1st
In the embodiment, this storage device 22 is an intermediate storage device in which the value applied at the input appears at the output. In the second embodiment, this storage device 22 includes a register 221 and this register 221
and a fixed value storage device 222 (FIG. 3). In this case, the register 221 is the first
Each digital word appearing at the output of the counter 21 is associated with a predetermined fixed address in a fixed value memory. The digital quantity stored under the address of the fixed value memory appears at the output of the fixed value memory and thus of the memory 22. Thereby, the storage device 22 provides at its output to each digital word W applied to its input a uniquely corresponding other digital quantity g=g(W). This second embodiment adapts the device to the load characteristics of the load 5. Such adaptation is particularly desirable when the power absorbed by a load, such as a lamp, has a non-linear relationship with another effect to be achieved by the load, such as illuminance.

In a preferred embodiment, the intermediate storage device or register 221 has an MNOS transistor as a storage element. Such a storage transistor makes it possible to retain the information contained in the storage for up to a year after a power outage or extinguishment of the operating voltage. These storage transistors are therefore particularly suitable if they can be closed or opened, but the counting state can only be changed very infrequently by means of the actuator. In such a case, for example, the load current to be controlled is interrupted by another on/off switch and cannot be adjusted to return to zero by operating the operating section.

This storage device 22 is followed by one circuit device,
This circuit arrangement supplies an ignition pulse to the semiconductor power switch and controls the position of this ignition pulse with respect to the zero value passage of the alternating voltage phase in accordance with the digital variable present at the output of the storage device. Therefore, this circuit device is a digital-to-analog converter 2
3, this converter receives the digital quantity present at the output of the storage device 22, in which the analog quantity determined by this digital quantity is determined by the zero value crossing of the alternating voltage phase and at a given point. is the time difference between the arc pulse and the arc pulse. Such a converter 23 in a first embodiment (FIG. 4) includes a triggerable and settable counter 231, which is set to a value when the alternating voltage phase passes through the zero value. and is activated, the value being determined by the digital quantity present at the output of storage device 22. This counter counts up to a maximum value by means of a counting clock and provides a firing pulse when the maximum value is reached. In this case, the counting clock is determined by a clock pulse generator 234. Trigger device 235
provides a starting signal for the counter 231, which trigger device 235 provides a pulse to the counter 231 when the alternating voltage passes through a zero value. This trigger device 235
is connected to the grid alternating current voltage source 4 via a trigger conductor 6. After reaching the maximum value and giving a firing pulse, the counter 231 is set again to the value predetermined by the storage device 22 and started anew by the next starting pulse given by the trigger device 235. The pulse frequency of the clock pulse generator 234 is an integral multiple of the system frequency corresponding to the number of possible connection states of the counter 231, for example 64 times the system frequency in the case of a 6-digit binary counter 23. By selecting the pulse train frequency of the clock pulse oscillator 234, the period of the system frequency is divided into correspondingly large numbers of parts, so that a control system with phase cut control can be made very precisely.

A special example of such an embodiment of the control unit 2 is shown in FIG. It consists of a counter 21, for which a binary 4-bit reversible counter (Siemens FLJ211 type) is used, for example. A T flip-flop direction conversion circuit 223 is connected to this counter, and this conversion circuit switches to a subtraction counter when the counter 21 reaches the maximum value, and to an addition counter when the counter 21 reaches the minimum value. This counter 21
is followed by an intermediate storage as storage 22, which intermediate storage is similar to the preferred embodiment described above.
It has an MNOS storage transistor. This intermediate storage device is followed by a circuit arrangement with a second counter 231, which circuit arrangement can be seen as a digital-to-analog converter 23. Second counter 2
Similarly, a 4-bit reversible counter (Siemens FLJ211 type) can be used as 31.

This 4-bit reversible counter divides the phase of the system voltage to be controlled into 2 ⁴ =16 parts. The second counter 231 operates to decrease. At its output end
There is an RS flip-flop which digitally converts until the arrival of a new trigger pulse derived from the zero crossing of the grid voltage.
Lock the analog converter 23. A counter 21 of the signals coming from the command transmitter is applied to the input 7.
The input 8 of the counter 231 is connected to a clock pulse generator 234, the input 9 to a trigger device 235, and the output 110 to a semiconductor power switch.

In another embodiment of the device according to the invention (FIG. 5), the digital-to-analog converter has a shift register 232 with a constant circulation frequency. In this case, the circulation is carried out by the clock pulse generator 23.
4, and this oscillator likewise determines the circulation frequency. from the first counter 21 to the shift register 232 via the storage device 22;
It is read at which location in the shift register an information "1" appears that causes a firing pulse to be emitted. The beginning of the cycle of this shift register 232 is likewise controlled via the trigger conductor by the zero value passage of the alternating voltage phase. In this embodiment, information “1”
The pulse that occurs in the shift register when appears at the end of the register is used as the firing pulse.

In another variant of the device according to the invention (sixth
(Fig.), the digital-to-analog converter has a storage device 233 with a fixed address sequence. In order to determine at what point in time, relative to the zero value crossing of the alternating voltage, the ignition pulse should appear at the output, the information "1" on a defined memory location of this memory device is read. Reading in a fixed address sequence is performed by a counter 236 clocked by a clock pulse generator 234.
This counter is started by a trigger pulse of the trigger device 235 when the system AC voltage passes through a zero value.
The individual addresses of the memory device are then recalled in sequence, and when a "1" appears in the memory device, an ignition pulse is applied to the semiconductor power switch.

The semiconductor power switch 3 can be a thyristor or a triax in any embodiment,
It may also be connected to the control unit 2 in a potential-separated manner for safety reasons. In a further embodiment, each command transmitter 1 is designed as a twin operator (FIG. 7). When the first part 11 is operated, the switching power is increased, and the second part 12
It will be lowered by operating. In order to adapt to this twin operating section, this embodiment has two input terminals 211 and 212 of the first counter 21, and when a pulse arrives at the first input terminal 211, it counts up to the maximum value and When a pulse arrives at the input terminal 212 of 2, it counts down to the minimum value. In this embodiment, the first counter does not need to switch on overshoot. However, the counter 21
has an upper stopper to prevent it from returning to zero when it reaches its maximum value. For the minimum value, a corresponding stop is provided to prevent the counter from switching to the maximum value when it reaches the minimum value.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the entire apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an example of a control unit according to the present invention, FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a storage device according to the present invention, and FIGS. 4 to 6 are block diagrams of different examples of a digital-to-analog converter according to the present invention. , FIG. 7 shows a block diagram of a command transmitter according to the invention, and FIG. 8 shows a block diagram of a different embodiment of the invention. 1, 11, 12...Command transmitter, 2...Control unit, 3...Semiconductor power switch, 4...System voltage source, 5...Load, 6...Trigger conductor, 21...
First counter, 22...Storage device, 23...Digital-to-analog converter, 221...Register,
222...Fixed value storage device, 231...Second counter, 233...Storage device, 234...Clock pulse generator, 235...Trigger device, 236...
...Counter.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1: a command transmitter; a first counter to which the output of the command transmitter is applied to form a digital control signal; a storage device to which the digital control signal is applied; a converter that derives an ignition pulse from a digital control signal, and a semiconductor power switch to which the ignition pulse is applied; , in which the command transmitter has a pulse transmitter, and the pulse transmitter emits pulses of a constant repetition frequency during operation of the operating mechanism. and the first counter counts in both directions between a maximum value and a minimum value;
The first operating state performs an addition count, and the second operating state performs a subtraction count, and the phase position of the firing pulse formed in the transducer is controlled by the first counter, which is guided as a digital control signal to a storage device. A stepless control device for an electrical load, characterized in that it is determined by an output signal. 2. In the device according to claim 1,
A stepless control device for an electric load, characterized in that the storage device has an MNOS transistor as a storage element. 3. A stepless control device for an electrical load according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the storage device has a register and a fixed value storage device placed after the register. 4. In the device according to claim 1,
The converter has a second counter which can be started and set, which counts the clock pulses of the clock pulse oscillator and also counts the clock pulses of the clock pulse oscillator and, in one initial value, counts the second counter when the grid alternating current voltage passes through a zero value. It has a trigger device for starting a counter, the initial value of which is determined by a digital quantity provided by the storage device, and this second counter provides an ignition pulse to the semiconductor switch when a predetermined maximum value is reached. A stepless control device for an electrical load, characterized in that the initial value is set to an initial value determined by a digital quantity provided by a storage device. 5. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the converter comprises a shift register with a defined cyclic train, and the shift register has an output of the shift register. A stepless electric load, characterized in that it has a trigger device that applies an ignition pulse to a semiconductor switch when information "1" appears at the end, and starts the circulation of a shift register when the system AC voltage passes through a zero value. Control device. 6. A device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, in which the converter comprises an addressable storage device having a fixed sequence of addresses, each address of the storage device being The memory device is an electric loadless memory device which is determined by the state of a counter clocked by a clock pulse oscillator, and which provides a firing pulse to a semiconductor switch when a "1" occurs at a predetermined address. Stage control device. 7. In the device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, each command transmitter has a first and a second pulse transmitter, and the first counter has a first pulse transmitter. 1 and a second input terminal, the first pulse generator is connected to the first input terminal of the first counter, and the second pulse generator is connected to the second input terminal of the first counter. A stepless control device for an electrical load, characterized in that the state of the first counter is increased when a pulse arrives at the first input terminal, and is decreased when a pulse arrives at the second input terminal.