JPS62173116A - Cutter mounting device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To automate cutter replacement by providing a detaining part in a spindle, fitting a detent to be detained with detaining part coupled with a drive mechanism to make driving from outside in an adapter, and fixing adapter with cutter to the spindle. CONSTITUTION:A replacing unit B is actuated by a piston 15D to advance from (A) to (B) position, and grippers 15A grip the base 9 of an adapter 2 with the peripheral surface. A motor 19 rotates a gear 13, and a detent rotates in the direction of loosening to allow a fitting member to separate from the opening in a spindle 1, and then the unit B is sunk to the (C) position, and now the adapter 2 can be removed from the spindle 1. Then the unit B is retracted from (C) to (D) position, and the grippers 15A are opened by the piston 15D, and now the adapter 2 separates from the unit B. Accordingly a new adapter is gripped by the grippers 15A, and positioning is returned to (C), followed by rise to (B), and if the motor 19 is now reversed, the gear 13 will also rotate reversely to cause rotation of the detent in the direction of fastening, whereby the fitting member is automatically put in close contact with opening 1A and fixed thereto. Thus unmanned operation is made practicable.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an automatic cutter mounting device, and in particular, the present invention relates to an automatic cutter mounting device, and in particular, the shape of the main shaft on which the cutter is mounted is such that the base end of the main shaft is machined, as typified by a gear shaper. Because it is internally connected to other components,
The cutter can be automatically operated on a spindle type that does not have a structure in which a through hole is provided in the spindle and the drawbar is rotated by a motor, or a collet for a pull stand is pulled by a hydraulic cylinder, as was done in the past. It concerns a device that can be replaced.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, for example, in a gear shaping machine, the main shaft 35 is disposed vertically, as illustrated in FIG.
An adapter 36 is fastened to the lower end of 5 with a bolt 37. The adapter 36 has a mounting portion 38 formed at the center of the lower surface of a planar substantially disc body, and a cutter 39 is fitted into the mounting portion 38 and fixed with a nand 40. When the cutter 39 cannot cut, loosen the nut 40 and pull the cutter 39 apart.
A new cutter 39 is fitted and fixed with a nand 40.

Although this work is not complicated, if there is a gap between the outer peripheral surface of the attachment part 38 of the adapter 36 and the attachment hole 39A of the cutter 39, the center of rotation of the main shaft 35 and the center of rotation of the cutter 39 will not match, resulting in machining. Since the accuracy is extremely deteriorated, the gap is formed in an extremely small gap of several microns.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

In the conventional configuration of an adapter and a cutter, the main shaft is arranged vertically, so replacing the cutter below the main shaft requires skill and time. Furthermore, as mentioned above, the gap between the mounting part and the cutter's mounting hole is minute, only a few microns, so it is difficult to mechanically replace it and requires manual labor, making it impossible to operate it continuously as an unmanned aircraft. .

[Means for solving problems]

The present invention was developed with the aim of solving the above-mentioned problems, automating the cutter replacement work, and providing an automatic cutter replacement device for a gear shaping machine that can be operated continuously and unattended. As a means, in a structure in which an adapter with a cutter is fitted to the tip of a tubular main shaft having a structure without a through hole, an engaging part is formed in the main shaft, and an engaging body that engages with the engaging part is installed inside the adapter. The cutter mounting device is characterized in that a drive mechanism for driving the engaging body from the outside is connected to the engaging body and incorporated into the adapter.

[Effect]

In the conventional type, an adapter is fixed to the main shaft, a cutter is attached to the adapter, and when the cutter is replaced, the force is removed from the adapter while the adapter is fixed to the main shaft and replaced.

However, in the present invention, while the cutter is fixed to the adapter, the adapter is removed from the main shaft and the cutter is replaced together with the adapter.

That is, the adapter with a cutter can be fixed to the main shaft by engaging the engaging body of the adapter with the engaging portion within the main shaft. A drive mechanism for driving this engaging body is also built into the adapter, and by driving this driving mechanism manually or by an automatic mechanical device, the engaging body can be quickly engaged with the engaging portion of the main shaft. This is different from removing the cutter from the adapter and replacing it, so accuracy is maintained extremely well.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

This embodiment is roughly divided into cutter unit A and replacement unit B.
It consists of. As shown in cross section in FIG. 1, the cutter unit A includes a main shaft 1 whose upper end is supported by a gear shaping machine (not shown), an adapter 2 fitted to the lower end of the main shaft 1, and a cutter fixed to the adapter 2. It consists of 3. The main shaft 1 is formed into a hollow shape having a tapered opening IA on its lower end surface, and a drawbar 4 is screwed and fixed to the upper end of the inner hole IB.

The drawbar 4 has a small diameter downward from the longitudinal middle portion,
A small diameter part 4A is formed, a guide t@4B is carved in the upper part of the figure on one side of the small diameter part 4A, and a screw hole 4C is carved in the center of the lower end surface of the small diameter part 4A to fix it. It is configured to be screwed with a bolt 5.

Thus, the helical spring 6 is externally fitted to the base end of the small diameter portion 4A, and the sliding tube 7 is loosely fitted to the distal end of the small diameter portion 4A, and the pin 7B with the sliding tube 7 attached to the base end is inserted into the small diameter portion. 4A guide groove 4
B is engaged to prevent the sliding tube 7 from rotating. The sliding tube 7 has a base end of the inner hole 7A formed with a small diameter and a tip end of the inner hole with a large diameter, and the fixing bolt 5 is screwed into the threaded hole 4C of the drawbar 4 from the large diameter inner hole 7A side. This prevents the sliding tube 7 from being pulled out. A joint 8 is provided at the end of the large diameter inner hole 7A of the sliding tube 7.
An engaging portion 8A is formed at the lower end of the joint 8 in the figure, and an engaging portion l of an engaging body 11 of the adapter 2, which will be described later,
Engage with IA.

The adapter 2 attaches the fitting body 10 to the upper part of the base body 9 with screws 9A.
, 9A... The base body 9 is a planar substantially disc body, and has a recess 9B in the center of its upper surface for fitting and supporting the fitting body 10, and a shaft hole 9C for supporting the engaging body 11 upright in the center of the recess 9B. It is drilled. Three gear shaft holes 9D for intermediate gears 14 constituting a drive mechanism, which will be described later, are bored at the peripheral edge of the recess 9B at equal intervals. In addition, a mounting portion 9E is formed protruding from the center of the lower surface of the base 9 in the figure, and a threaded rod 9F is protruded from the center of the lower surface of the mounting portion 9E. Screw oak 1-3E onto rod 9F and fix.

The fitting body 10 has a fitting part 10B protruding from the center of the upper part of the base part 10A, and the fitting part 10B has a peripheral surface formed into an upper thin tapered surface 1.
0C so that the tapered surface 10C forms the opening I of the main shaft 1.
It is formed so as to be in close contact with the A tapered surface, and the base 10A
A through hole 10D is provided extending from the center of the lower end surface to the center of the upper end surface of the fitting part 10B. The through hole 10D is located at the base LOA.
The lower part is formed to have a large diameter, and the engaging body 11 is loosely fitted into the through hole 10D from the bottom upward.

The engaging body 11 has an engaging part 11A formed of a screw hole facing downward in the center of the upper end surface in the drawing, and a master gear 12 constituting a drive mechanism is concentrically fixed to the lower part.
The lower end portion of the rotating shaft 11B is fitted into the shaft hole 9C of the base body 9, and the engaging portion 11A is configured to be screwed into the engaging portion 8A of the joint 8 described above.

Further, the center portion of the lower end of the base portion 10A is formed to protrude downward and fit loosely into the recess portion 9B of the base body 9, and an annular groove 10F is formed on the outer circumferential surface in contact with the stepped surface 10E, and the annular groove 10F is driven into the annular groove 10F. An outer ring gear 13 constituting the mechanism is fitted.

In addition, the base 10A between the outer ring gear 13 and the main gear 12
Shaft holes 1 are arranged at equal intervals on the bottom surface as shown in Figure 2.
0G is drilled and the shaft 14A of the central gear 14 is inserted into it, and the central gear 14 meshes between the main gear 12 and the outer ring gear 13, and the lower part of the shaft 14A is fitted into the shaft hole 9D of the base body 9. Insert.

With this configuration, by rotating the outer ring gear 13, the engaging body 11 can be rotated in the normal direction and reverse direction via the intermediate gear 14 and the main gear 12, and by rotating the outer ring gear 13 in the normal direction, the engaging part 8A of the joint 8 The engagement portion 11A of the engagement body 11 can be tightened deeply, and as a result, the tapered surface 10C of the fitting portion 10B and the open IA tapered surface of the main shaft 1 are tightly fixed.

Also, if the external ring gear 13 is reversed, the engaging body 11 and the joint 8
The screw engagement with the main shaft 1 is released, and the fitting portion 10B is separated from the main shaft 1 by the pressing force of the helical spring 6.

Therefore, this adapter 2 can be detached from the main shaft 1 or fixed by rotating the external ring gear 13 in the drive mechanism 12, 13, 14 from the outside manually or mechanically. By fixing the cutter 3 to the adapter 2 in advance and replacing the adapter 2, the cutter 3 can be replaced easily and quickly.

The cutter 3 has a base portion 3A having a substantially disk shape, and has a fitting hole 3B formed in the center thereof, and has a blade portion 3C formed on the peripheral edge of the base portion 3A, and has a blade portion 3C extending in the peripheral direction. A 3D blade is attached to face it.

Then, the fitting hole 3B is fitted into the mounting portion 9E, and the pad 3E is screwed onto the threaded rod 9F to fix it.

Next, we will discuss the exchange unit A unit) B.

FIG. 3 is a plan view, FIG. 4 is a side view, and FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the grip mechanism.

The exchange unit B consists of a grip mechanism 15, a rotation mechanism 16, and a support mechanism 17, which are the main parts, and since this exchange unit B is secondary in the present invention,
Only an outline of its configuration will be explained.

The grip mechanism 15 is fixed to the lower part of the box-shaped case body 18, and includes a pair of grippers 15A.

The piston 15A is made to protrude horizontally and in parallel, and its base end is pivoted by pins 15B, 15B so that they can be opened and closed in opposite directions, and the piston 15 forms a pair with the hydraulic cylinder 15C.
Connect to D for opening/closing operation.

Therefore, between the two grippers 15A, 15A facing each other, there is a V? of the base body 9 of the adapter 2? Clamp and fix the M part.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 7, on the first day of the case body,
A support mechanism 17 and a motor 19 are attached in parallel, and a worm shaft 20 is connected and supported in series with the output shaft 19A of the motor 19 in such a manner that its base end is externally fitted. The shaft 20 rotates via a key 21. A worm 22 with a worm axis of 2 degrees meshes with a worm wheel 23, which will be described later, to rotate it.

The worm wheel 23 is a shaft cylinder 2 that is vertically installed on the case body 18.
4 and is supported by a flange 24A at the bottom of the shaft cylinder 24. Six shafts 25 are loosely fitted and erected within the shaft cylinder 24, and an operating gear 26 is pivotally attached to the lower part of the six shafts 25. As shown in FIG. 6, a notch 24B is formed in the flange 24A of the shaft cylinder 24, and a key 27 is disposed therein.
connects the worm wheel 23 and the operating gear 26, and the key 27 is connected to the notch 24 by the wings 28 and 28 on both wings.
It is located in the center of B.

A pusher m29 is disposed at the upper part of the shaft cylinder 24, and the pusher 29 has a flange 29A at its lower part, and the outer peripheral surface of the flange 29A forms a tapered surface 29B. Further, the push portion 29 can be slid only in the longitudinal direction with respect to the center shaft 25 via the key 30.

The contact surfaces of the shaft cylinder 24 and the pusher 29 form matching chevron-shaped clutch teeth 31, a helical spring 32 is fitted onto the pusher 29, and a fixed body 33 is mounted on the top of the shaft 25. pin 34
Fix it with! ! ! ! The elasticity of the rotary spring 32 pushes i'i?
Pressing i29 downward.

In the above configuration, the operation of the exchangeable Unisol I-B will be explained. First, in FIG. 9, arrows and numbers within the arrows indicate the order of steps. Replacement unit B has support mechanism 17 (Figure 3)
piston 15D (Fig. 4, 8).
Both grippers 15 of the gripping mechanism 15 are
A, with 15A open, move forward from the position (A) to the position (B) in FIG.
The grippers 15A, 15A grip the circumferential surface of the base 9 of the adapter 2 by the operation of the grippers 15A, 15A. Incidentally, irregularities for preventing slipping are appropriately formed on the circumferential surface of the base body 9. Next, motor 19
When the worm wheel 23 is operated, the worm wheel 23 rotates via the worm 22, the operating gear 26 rotates via the key 27, and the outer ring gear 13 meshed with the operating gear 26 rotates. As a result, the main gear 12 rotates via the intermediate gear 14, the engagement body 11 rotates in the direction of loosening, and the engagement portion 11A (!: the screw engagement with the engagement portion 8A of the joint 8 is released, and Ia !Swivel spring 6
Since the sliding tube 7 does not rise due to the elastic force, the tapered surface 10C of the fitting body 10 separates from the opening IA of the main shaft 1, and the replacement unit B is lowered to the position (C) in FIG. By doing so, the adapter 2 can be removed from the main shaft 1.

Next, exchange Unisol l-B from position (C) to position (D).
is moved backward, and the gripper 15A is moved by the operation of the piston 15D.
, when 15A is opened, the adapter 2 will be replaced.
Leave B.

Therefore, when the new adapter is gripped by the grippers 15A and L5A and returned to the position (C), and further ascended to the position (B) and the motor 19 is reversed, the operating gear 26 and the external ring gear 13 are also reversed. That is, as the engaging body 11 rotates in the tightening direction and the above-described threaded engagement between the engaging portion 11A and the engaging portion 8A is tightened, the tapered surface 10A and the opening IA are tightly fixed. When the motor 19 is still rotating, the clutch teeth 31 of the shaft cylinder 24 push up the clutch teeth 31 of the pushing part 29 against the spring 32, and the tapered surface 29B rises, activating the limit switch 34, and The motor 19 is stopped by the stop signal, the gripper 15A is opened and separated from the adapter 2, and the replacement unit B is retreated to the position (A) in FIG. 9.

Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. For example, for engaging and tightening the main shaft 1 and the adapter 2, the retaining portion may be a combination of a bell spring, a collet, and a pull stud. Further, in order to improve the meshing between the operating gear 26 and the external ring gear 13, the tips of both teeth can be made narrower to provide a shifted gear with one pitch degree of freedom.

〔effect〕

Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following excellent effects.

(A) Since the adapter is removed from the spindle and replaced without separating the cutter from the adapter, the adapter can be replaced quickly without impairing the accuracy of attachment between the adapter and the cutter.

(B) Since the engaging portion of the adapter is simply engaged with the engaging portion of the main shaft, the replacement work of the adapter can be simple and quick.

(C) Since it has a drive mechanism for driving the engaging body of the adapter, by combining this with a separate exchange unit, it has become possible to operate continuously as an unmanned aircraft and perform automatic exchange.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings relate to the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the cassota unisoto, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line U-U in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view showing the relationship between the exchange unit and the adapter, and FIG.
The figure is a side view of Fig. 3, Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the main part of the replacement unit, Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line ■-■ in Fig. 5, and Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the main part of Fig. 3. FIG. 8 is a sectional view of the cylinder and piston of the grip mechanism, FIG. 9 is a diagram of the operation process of the replacement unit, and FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing the relationship between the conventional main shaft and cutter adapter. 1... Main shaft IA... Opening 1B...
Inner hole 2...Adapter 3...Cutter
3A...Base part 3B...Fitting hole
3C...Toothed part 3D...Tooth body 3
E... Nut 4... Drawbar 48... Small diameter portion 4B... Guide groove 4C... Screw hole 5...
・Fixing bolt 6...Spiral spring 7...Sliding tube 7A...Inner hole 7B...Pin
8...Joint 8A...Engagement part 9...
・Base 98...screw 9B...recess 9
C...Shaft hole 9D...Gear shaft hole 9E・
...Mounting part 9F...Screw rod 10...Fitting body 10A...Base 10B...Fitting part 10C...Tapered surface 100...N through hole
10E...Step surface 10F...Annular groove
10G...Shaft hole 11...Engagement body L
IA...Engaging portion 11B...Rotating shaft 12.
...Main gear 12, 13.14...Drive mechanism 13.
... External ring gear 14 ... Center gear 14A.
...Axis 15...Grip mechanism 15A...Gripper 15B...Pin 15c...Hydraulic cylinder 150
...Piston 16...Rotating mechanism 17...
Support mechanism 18... Case body 19... Motor 19A... Output shaft 20... Worm shaft 21... Key 22... Worm
23... Worm foil 24... Shaft cylinder
248...Flange 24B...Notch
25... Core shaft 26... Working gear 27.
...Key 28...Spring 29...Pushing part 29A...Flange 29B...Tapered surface 3
0...Key 31...Clutch tooth 32
...Spiral spring 33...Fixed body 34...
Counter unit B for limit switch...replacement unit

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a configuration in which an adapter with a cutter is fitted to the tip of a tubular main shaft having a structure without a through hole, an engaging part is formed in the main shaft, and an engaging body that engages with the engaging part is installed inside the adapter. A cutter mounting device characterized in that a drive mechanism for driving the cutter from the outside is connected to the adapter and assembled into the adapter.