JPS62172661A - Enclosed type lead storage battery - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To restrict damages of the battery as well as reduce the actual space capacity and decrease a blasting ability, by furnishing a spacer of a foam polyethylene with a hole for projecting the electrode pole at a connecting shelf to be a collector of the electrode plate set. CONSTITUTION:A spacer 7 consisting of an acid-proof foams polyethylene is placed on a connecting shelf 8 to be a collector of the electrode plate set 5. At the side of the spacer 7, four cuttings 9 are arranged, whose width is a little smaller than that of a connecting body 10 between cells. Therefore, when the spacer 7 is inserted, the cuttings 9 are closely contacted to the connecting body 10 while the size is being expanded, remaining still on the shelf 8. Consequently, the spacer 7 is fastened securely and prevented from moving by a vibration or the like. Furthermore, since the spacer 7 is on the shelf 8, the electrolyte can be kept in the space between the electrode plate set 5 and the connecting shelf 8. Moreover, the spacer 7 is used for controlling the rise of the liquid level when the liquid is poured. The cuttings 9 are also utilized to prevent the blocking of an airing passage 6 between cells.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Industrial applications The present invention relates to a sealed lead acid battery.

Conventional Technology In general, lead-acid batteries generate oxygen from the positive electrode plate and hydrogen from the negative electrode plate at the end of charging. The amount generated is proportional to the charging current, and after constant current charging or battery formation, the inside of the battery cell is filled with oxygen and hydrogen. Here, if internal ignition such as a spark occurs due to a short circuit between the electrode plates or separation between the electrode plate current collecting ears and the connection shelf, rapid combustion of oxygen and hydrogen will occur. If this combustion is severe, the rapid volumetric expansion of the gas will lead to damage to the battery, or, in other words, an explosion. The extent of this combustion is highly dependent on the amount of oxygen and hydrogen and the internal volume.

By the way, sealed lead-acid batteries, in which the negative electrode absorbs more generated oxygen gas than the positive electrode, have recently been used in increasing amounts, mainly in Votaple devices, and are also being used for a wide range of applications. Batteries with larger internal spaces are being commercialized as the applications for which they are used expand. Generally, a negative electrode absorption type sealed lead-acid battery is equipped with a safety valve. This is a structure in which oxygen generated from the positive electrode is absorbed into the negative electrode during charging, and hydrogen from the negative electrode is suppressed, but when the charging current is large or when forming a battery, the amount of oxygen absorbed by the negative electrode may not catch up with the amount of oxygen generated. Therefore, since hydrogen is also generated along with oxygen, the pressure inside the battery increases. A safety valve is provided to prevent damage to the battery due to internal pressure rise, but since it is a check valve, air does not flow in and the oxygen and hydrogen that fill the battery are retained. Therefore, in a battery with a large internal volume, battery damage due to internal ignition is severe.

Therefore, a lead-acid battery has been proposed in which only one safety valve is provided on the top of the battery for each battery with multiple cells, and the oxygen and hydrogen generated in each cell are exhausted through the intercell vents provided in the compartment inside the battery case. There is.

This is an effective means of reducing battery costs since only one expensive safety valve is required.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in this lead-acid battery, the space above the electrode plate group is common to each cell due to the intercell vents. Therefore, combustion due to internal ignition that occurs in one cell propagates instantaneously to each cell, resulting in extremely large explosive force and severe damage to the battery due to explosion.

By the way, sulfuric acid, which is an electrolytic solution, climbs up the pole column extending from the electrode plate group to the terminal, a so-called sulfuric acid erosion phenomenon. This sulfuric acid creep-up makes it extremely difficult to weld the pole and terminal together after injecting sulfuric acid due to the effects of the sulfuric acid. Alternatively, if a pinhole occurs in the weld between the pole pole and the terminal, or if there is even a slight gap between the terminal and the resin around the terminal, the sulfuric acid that has sprung up may leak to the outside of the lead-acid battery. .

Further, when heat welding the battery case and the cover, insert the pole pole into the hole provided in the terminal. If the tip of the pole pole is bent, it will not fit into the hole provided in the terminal and will be crushed, resulting in what is called a pole pole face.

This sulfuric acid creep-up and pole column surface are problems that occur not only in negative electrode absorption type sealed lead-acid batteries but also in lead-acid batteries in general.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a connection shelf that serves as a current collector for the electrode plate group, which is made of a highly elastic and electrically insulating material such as foamed polyethylene. A spacer is provided that has a hole or slit from which the pole pillar protrudes.

Function: By inserting a spacer as in the configuration of the ox, the present invention
The effective space volume above the electrode plate group is reduced to reduce the explosive force, and by using a spacer with high elasticity, the explosive force is buffered and damage to the battery is suppressed. Further, by providing a spacer on the connection shelf, the spacer is fixed and the electrolyte on the electrode plate group is held. .

In addition, since the pole pillars protrude upward while being in close contact with the holes or slits provided in the spacer, the sulfuric acid that is the electrolytic solution is prevented from creeping up, and the pole poles are positioned correctly, so that the pole faces There is no risk of damage.

Actual example The present invention will be explained in detail below.

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a negative electrode absorption type sealed lead-acid battery according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a lid, and one safety valve 2 is provided. Reference numeral 3 denotes a cell divided by a plurality of battery case partitions 4, and each cell is communicated with each other through a ventilation hole 6 provided in each of the battery case partitions 4 located above the pole group 5. are doing. Therefore,
Oxygen and hydrogen generated during charging in each cell are removed from the intercell vent 6.
is discharged to the outside from the safety valve 2 through the safety valve 2. A spacer 7 made of acid-resistant foamed polyethylene is placed on a connecting shelf 8 that serves as a current collector for the electrode plate group 6. As shown in FIG. 2, this spacer 7 has four notches 9 on its side surface, and the width of the notches 9 is slightly smaller than the width of the inter-cell connector 10. Therefore, when the spacer 7 is inserted, the notch widens and comes into close contact with the connecting body 10, and since it is placed on the connecting shelf 8, it is firmly fixed and the spacer 7 does not move due to vibration or the like. Further, since the spacer 7 is located on the side of the connection shelf 6, there is a space between the electrode plate group 5 and the connection shelf 8, and the electrolyte can be held in this space. Furthermore, it is possible to suppress the rise in the liquid level during injection. The notch 9 also has the function of preventing the spacer 7 from blocking the inter-cell vent 6.

In this embodiment, the inter-cell vents 6 are provided on the opposite side of the connection body 10 at an eccentricity approximately equal to the eccentricity from the center of the partition, and the notches 8 are also provided at symmetrical positions on the spacer. Therefore, the spacer 7 has no directionality, contributing to improved workability.

The thickness of the spacer 7 in this example is 20M, and the table below shows the difference in explosive force when internally ignited depending on the presence or absence of the spacer, volume, and material.

(Hereinafter referred to as gold and white) ○・・・・・・Internal combustion only Δ・・・・・・Battery outer wall damage less than 60%×・・・・・・
// The test battery of 50 inches or more was a 36820 type lead-acid battery, which internally ignited after being fully charged and then charged for 10 minutes at 3 μm. As is clear from the above table, the explosive force is extremely strong when all six cells are evacuated at once, that is, when vents are provided to communicate between each cell. The force can be reduced by inserting the spacer 7, but highly elastic materials such as foamed polyethylene can buffer the sudden increase in internal pressure caused by explosions better than hard materials such as polyvinyl chloride, so the battery There is little damage. The volume of spacer 7 is 2
If there are 5 cells, the explosive force can be suppressed to the same level or less than that of a battery with no inter-cell exhaust vents, and if it is 50%, damage to the battery due to internal ignition can be prevented.

FIG. 3 shows spacers 7/ used for cells at both ends of a plurality of cells partitioned by partitions in the battery case. Spacer 7
' is also made of acid-resistant foamed polyethylene, and the holes 12
is provided. FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of the end cell.

The spacer 7' is placed on the connection shelf 8 that serves as a current collector for the electrode plate group 5, and the inner diameter of the hole 12 is slightly smaller than the diameter of the pole post 11. firmly adheres to the outer periphery of the Therefore, the spacer 7' suppresses the sulfuric acid that is the electrolytic solution from rising up. The position and inclination of the pole post 11 are still determined by the hole 12 provided in the spacer 7'.
It is regulated to the correct position and tilt.

Therefore, the polar column distortion could be significantly reduced.

In this example, different types of spacers were used for the cells at both ends and the middle cell among the cells divided by the partitions in the battery case, but it is also possible to use a spacer with holes in the middle cell. In that case, only one type of spacer is required, which further improves work efficiency and reduces costs.

In addition to the effects of the invention, the lead-acid battery of the present invention reduces the space volume above the electrode plate group by inserting a spacer, reducing the explosive force, and by using a highly elastic material, it is able to withstand sudden explosions. Since volumetric expansion can be buffered, battery damage can be significantly suppressed. Further, since it is provided on the connection shelf, the spacer is fixed, and the electrolyte can be held between the electrode plate group and the connection shelf, and furthermore, it is possible to suppress the electrolyte level from rising during injection.

In addition, the pole pillar protrudes upward through the hole or slit provided in the spacer, making it tightly attached to the spacer, which prevents sulfuric acid from rising in the electrolyte, making it possible to weld the pole pole and terminal together after injecting the sulfuric acid. Even when using sulfuric acid, deterioration in weldability due to sulfuric acid can be avoided, and workability and quality can be maintained. Furthermore, even if a pinhole occurs in the weld between the pole pole and the terminal, or if a gap occurs between the terminal and the resin around the terminal, it is possible to prevent sulfuric acid from leaking to the outside of the lead-acid battery.

Further, the position and inclination of the pole pillar are regulated to the correct position and inclination by holes or slits in the spacer.

Therefore, during thermal welding, the pole post will not be inserted into the hole of the terminal correctly and will not be crushed.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a sealed lead-acid battery according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a spacer used in an intermediate cell of a lead-acid battery according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. The figure is a perspective view of a spacer used in both end cells of a lead-acid battery according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the end cells of a lead-acid battery according to an embodiment of the present invention. 3... Cell, 4... Partition in the battery case, 5.
...Pole group. 6...Vent, 7.7'...Spacer, 8...Connection shelf, 11...Pole, 12
······hole. Name of agent: Patent attorney Toshio Nakao and 1 other person 2nd
Figure 4

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) It has a plurality of cells divided by a partition in the battery case in which a group of electrode plates is stored, and ventilation that communicates between each cell is provided in a part of the partition in the case that is located above the group of electrode plates. have a mouth,
In addition, in a cell having a pole column, a hole or a hole is provided on a connection shelf that serves as a current collector for the electrode plate group, and is made of a highly elastic electrically insulating material and in which the pole column extending from the electrode plate group protrudes while being in close contact with the connection shelf. A sealed lead-acid battery equipped with a spacer with slits. (2) The sealed lead-acid battery according to claim 1, wherein the volume of the spacer is 25% to 50% of the space above the electrode group in each cell. (2) The sealed lead-acid battery according to claim 1, wherein the spacer is made of foamed polyethylene.