JPS62155342A - Long taper coil spring - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve characteristics of a coil spring by forming long taper sections having a roughly equal length at both ends and also by forming a wire diameter section at center. CONSTITUTION:A long taper coil spring 1 used for a truck as a suspension spring is formed with taper sections 2 at both ends of it, and also formed with a wire diameter section 3 at center wherein a wire is uniform in diameter. And the length of the taper section 2 is about 30% of a whole length, and the length of the wire diameter section 3 is about 40% of the whole length. And the taper section 2 is composed of an irregular pitch, and the cross section of the wire is changed from the circle in the wire diameter section gradually into an ellipse and subsequently into a rectangle. As a result, as the coil spring 1 has non-linear characteristics, riding comfort for graded road running and rough road running is improved and a great amount of deflection can be obtained as compared with a leaf spring.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] This invention relates to a coil spring that can be used, for example, as a suspension spring for a vehicle.

[Conventional technology]

Generally, suspension springs for large vehicles such as trucks in Japan are of the leaf spring type. The amount of deflection of a leaf spring is determined by the installation space over its entire length and the allowable stress value. Also, some use coil springs instead of leaf springs.

Coil springs are generally tapered at only a small length at the end of the coil spring. Regarding such coil springs, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 54-32
There is one described in the No. 893 publication. This will be explained with reference to FIG.

In FIG. 5, the coil spring 50 is formed so that the coil inner diameter D1 is constant. The spring wire 7 has a tapered portion 8 formed by tapering a part of the spring wire 9 having a circular cross section. A portion having an inner diameter equal to that of the spring wire 9, and a thickness t in the winding axis direction connected to this portion.
A coil spring is shown that is formed from a tapered portion W whose width in the winding radial direction is equal to or larger than the outer diameter d of the spring wire 9.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, when the leaf spring is based on the loading capacity of a truck, it is difficult to reduce the spring constant of a single leaf spring, and it is necessary to stack several leaf springs. As for leaf springs, it is difficult to obtain large deflections like coil springs. Furthermore, the directionality during windup is regulated.

When the axle has multiple axles, the leaf spring has a problem in that it takes up a large space.

In addition, the coil spring disclosed in the above-mentioned publication has only a small length at its end tapered, and the characteristics of the initial deflection part are unfavorable, and the IQ amount is not good. However, the stability of the trunk when driving on rough roads and the ride comfort when driving on level ground were not satisfactory.

The purpose of this invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems.In order to ensure the stability of vehicles such as trucks when driving on rough roads, the axle is configured with multiple axles, and a coil is installed to accommodate the multiple axles. To provide a long Taper coil spring that uses a spring and has non-linear characteristics to satisfy riding comfort when traveling on level ground, improves the characteristics of an initial deflection part, and can cope with the amount of deflection. .

[Means for solving problems]

In order to solve the above problems and achieve the above objects, the present invention is configured as follows.

That is, in the present invention, long taper portions of approximately the same length are formed at both ends, and a wire diameter portion is formed at the center, and each of the long taper portions accounts for about 30% of the total length. and the long taper portion is configured to have at least an unequal notch, and further, one of the coil spring portions formed by the long taper portion is inclined with respect to the longitudinal axis. This invention relates to a long taper coil spring characterized by:

[Effect]

The present invention is configured as described above and operates as follows. That is, in the long taper coil spring according to the present invention, long taper portions are formed at both ends,
Since both of the long taper parts account for 1°60% of the total length, the initial characteristics of the long taper part are that the long taper part has a large deflection, and then the wire diameter part begins to bend. The influence of deflection becomes greater. Further, since the long taper portions are formed at least at uneven pitches, the amount of deflection can be easily handled by the taper portions. Furthermore, since one of the long taper parts, for example, a coil spring portion constituted by the long taper part on the side that becomes the upper end part when attached to a vehicle, is inclined toward the vehicle body with respect to the longitudinal axis, The long taper coil spring is located between the axle and the vehicle body and is installed very stably, so that it can perform a very effective function against the tendency of buckling, lateral deformation, etc.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1, a long taper coil spring according to the invention is indicated generally by the numeral 1. This long Taper coil spring 1 is used as a suspension spring for a truck. The long taper coil spring 1 has tapered portions, specifically long taper portions 2.2, formed at both ends thereof, and a wire diameter portion having the same diameter in the center portion.

The long tapered portions 2.2 at both ends are wound at irregular pitches, for example, pitches of 28.5 mm, 20 mm, 7.51 mm, etc. Wire diameter portion 3 in the center
is wound at a uniform pitch, for example, at a pitch of 71.8 degrees. However, it goes without saying that the wire diameter portions 3 are not limited to being formed at equal pitches, but may be formed at uneven pitches. Moreover, the cross-sectional shape of the long taper part 2 is circular,
For example, from φ36m+m it gradually becomes almost elliptical,
Next, it is formed into a substantially rectangular shape. Moreover, the coil inner diameter and coil outer diameter of the long taper coil spring have a constant diameter throughout the wire diameter portion 3 and the long taper portion 2.
For example, it is configured to have a diameter of φ153m+* and a diameter of φ225mm±3.5, so that the seat portion 4 can sit stably.

Moreover, a long taper having such a cross section has greater lateral rigidity than a long taper whose cross section is circular and gradually becomes thinner.

In FIG. 2, a load characteristic diagram, that is, a P-δ diagram, for the long taper coil spring shown in FIG. 1 is shown. The order in which the long taper coil spring 1 is bent in response to an overcurrent is that the long taper portion 2 is bent, and then the wire diameter portion 3 is bent, and the characteristics of the bent portion are as follows: This has a large impact. Further, the amount of deflection can be easily dealt with by making the long taper portion 2 unevenly pinched.

In FIG. 3, the material of the long taper coil spring 1 is shown. In other words, it is a developed view of the long taper coil spring 1 shown in FIG. 1.

The long taper portions at both ends are approximately 30%, the long taper portions at both ends are approximately 60% tapered, and the wire diameter portion 3 is approximately 40% of the total. ing.

FIG. 4 shows a case where a long taper coil spring 1 is attached to a vehicle as a suspension spring for a vehicle. The long taper portion 2 at the upper end of the long taper coil spring l is formed at an angle θ to the vehicle body side 6 with respect to the longitudinal axis Y.
Only slanted.

The reason for installing it at an angle is as follows. In other words, the installation of springs with a small stroke such as those used in passenger cars is less affected by time, but with regard to the long taper coil spring 1 with a large stroke, when the tire 5 is tilted, a large amount of tung oil is deposited on the long taper coil spring 1 itself. occurs, causing the coil spring to buckle,
This creates a very dangerous situation and makes operability unstable. In order to solve this problem, the long taper coil spring 1 is inclined in advance toward the vehicle body 6 by an angle θ, thereby stabilizing the operability and improving the ride comfort.

As mentioned above, although the embodiment of the long taper coil spring according to the present invention has been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the details of the above explanation.
For example, with respect to the ratio of the lengths of the long taper part and the wire diameter part, it is only necessary that the length of the long taper part has a length that can substantially achieve the object of the present invention with respect to the total length. Of course.

□ [Effects of the invention] - This invention is configured as described above, and has the following effects. Since both ends of the long taper coil spring according to the present invention are comprised of long taper parts, the height can be made compact when the springs are in close contact. The long taper portion has a spring action, that is, functionality, and nonlinear characteristics can be obtained. In addition, in order to obtain a large amount of initial deflection, in other words, the long taper section can reduce the spring constant, so it is configured with unequal pinch. By adjusting the length of this unequal pinch, the initial deflection can be reduced. can be adjusted to optimal conditions, and furthermore, generated stress can be alleviated. Since the long taper part has a circular cross-section and is formed into an elliptical or Y-rectangular shape, the mounting on the vehicle body can be stabilized. Since the cross section of the long taper part is formed into a rectangular shape, there is surface contact between the coils, and the surface pressure when driving on rough roads is lower than that with a circular cross section, and the lateral rigidity can be increased6. , the effective part, that is, the wire diameter part, excluding the long taper part at both ends, is set to 0.5S in order to prevent buckling, and the total number of turns can be set in units of 0.5 turns, and the pitch of the effective part is constant. Can be lengthened.

When the long taper coil spring according to the present invention is applied to a vehicle, since it is a coil spring, installation is not subject to space constraints as much as a plate spring, and moreover, it can be used in multiple axes. Moreover, since this long taper coil spring has non-linear characteristics, the ride comfort is satisfactory when driving on level ground or on rough roads. Moreover, it has various effects such as being able to obtain a larger deflection than a temporary spring.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a long taper coil spring according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a graph showing a load characteristic diagram (P-δ diagram) of the long taper coil spring in FIG. 1, and FIG.
The figure is a plan view showing the material of the long taper coil spring shown in Fig. 1, and Fig. 4 is a front view showing another embodiment of the long taper coil spring of the present invention and illustrating the state in which it is applied to a vehicle. FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing an example of a conventional coil spring. 1... Long taper coil spring, 2-...
-Long taper section, 3.--.Wire diameter section, 4.--.
- Seat part, 5 - Tires, 6 - Vehicle body. Patent applicant NHK Spring Co., Ltd. Agent Patent attorney Naka Onaka - Souga 1 Figure 2 P4 line diagram Ecvs Hat 3 Figure Fang 4 Figure 5

Claims (5)

[Claims] (1) Long tapered parts of approximately the same length are formed at both ends, and a wire diameter part is formed in the center, and furthermore, each of the long tapered parts has a substantially equivalent portion of the total length. A long taper coil spring characterized by occupying each of the following areas. (2) A cross section of the long tapered portion is configured to gradually change from the circular shape of the wire diameter portion to a substantially elliptical shape and then to a substantially rectangular shape. Long taper coil spring. (3) The long taper coil according to claim 1, wherein the coil inner diameter and coil outer diameter in the wire diameter portion and the long taper portion are configured to have substantially the same diameter over the entire length. Spring. (4) Long taper portions of approximately the same length are formed at both ends, and a wire diameter portion is formed at the center, and furthermore, each of the long taper portions accounts for approximately 30% of the total length. A long taper coil spring, characterized in that the long taper portions are arranged at least at unequal pitches. (5) Long taper portions of approximately the same length are formed at both ends, and a wire diameter portion is formed at the center, and each of the long taper portions each accounts for approximately 30% of the total length. A long taper coil spring, characterized in that one of the coil spring portions constituted by the long taper portion is inclined with respect to a longitudinal axis.