JPS6214931A - Stirring method and apparatus therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To exclude an excessively supplied substance or foreign matter, by performing the changing-over to a condenser circuit having small electrostatic capacity after a motor was started when a single-phase condenser motor is used as driving force and automatically reversing the motor when overload is applied to a transmission shaft and the motor is stopped. CONSTITUTION:When a stock material is supplied from a charging port 27 and a start switch 6 is turned ON, a motor 20 begins to positively rotate in such a state that the switch 5 of a condenser circuit 5 is turned ON and a supplied substance is mixed under stirring while receiving force directed to an arrow 32. The switch 5 is turned OFF after a predetermined time and the condenser circuit is changed over to the circuit only of a condenser 3-1 having small electrostatic capacity. If the rotation of a coil screw 29 is stopped because of an excessively supplied substance, because the transmission between a transmission shaft 22 and a rotary shaft 23 is performed through an elastomer 25 comprising hard rubber, large reaction torque is applied to the motor which, in turn, begins to reverse and the excessively supplied substance is sent to the direction shown by an arrow 33 to be discharged and removed from a discharge port 28.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a stirring method and apparatus using a single-phase condenser motor as a driving force.

[Prior art]

When mixing and agitating using a screw-type agitator, if an excessive amount of feed material is charged into the agitator, or if a foreign material that is difficult to mix is charged into the agitator, the motor will be overloaded and the motor will become overloaded. Rotation may stop. In such a case, the motor will continue to rotate unless the motor is switched off, causing problems such as burning of the motor.

〔the purpose〕

The present invention prevents the motor from burning as described above when an excessive amount of feed material is charged into the stirrer or a foreign substance that is difficult to stir is charged into the stirrer during stirring, and also prevents the motor from rotating in reverse. It is an object of the present invention to provide a stirring method and apparatus that can discharge and remove excess feed material and foreign matter charged therein.

〔composition〕

According to the present invention, as a first invention, a single-phase capacitor motor having an auxiliary winding connected to a capacitor circuit is used as a driving force, and the driving force of the motor is transmitted through a transmission shaft to rotate a spiral type stirrer. In the method of agitation by transmission to the shaft, after a predetermined period of time has elapsed from the start of the motor, a capacitor circuit with a capacitance corresponding to the required starting torque of the motor connected to the auxiliary winding is connected to a smaller capacitor circuit. In addition to switching to a capacitor circuit with capacitance, the agitator was charged with an excessive amount of feed or foreign matter that was difficult to stir, causing an overload on the transmission shaft and stopping the rotation of the motor. Sometimes, there is provided a stirring method further comprising applying a torque in a reverse rotation direction to the transmission shaft to rotate the motor in the reverse direction, and as a second invention, a single-phase capacitor motor having an auxiliary winding connected to a capacitor circuit. and a stirrer, a transmission shaft that transmits the driving force of the motor to the rotation shaft of the stirrer, a capacitor circuit switch connected to the capacitor circuit, and a control circuit, and the transmission shaft and the rotation shaft of the stirrer are The capacitor circuit is connected to a circuit (A) having a capacitance corresponding to a predetermined starting torque of the motor; , and the control circuit has a circuit (B) having a smaller capacitance.

There is provided a stirring device further comprising a switch actuation mechanism connected to the capacitor circuit switch and connected to a timer that switches the capacitor circuit (A) to the capacitor circuit (B) after a predetermined period of time has elapsed from the start of driving the motor. .

The motor used as the stirring driving power source in the present invention is a single-phase condenser motor. This motor is generally
It consists of a circuit as shown in the figure, and has an auxiliary winding 2 in addition to the main winding 1, and a capacitor 3 is connected in series with the auxiliary winding 2. By inserting the capacitor 3, the It has the characteristic that the stalling torque is significantly larger than the starting torque. In this case, the stall torque of the motor decreases as the capacitance of the capacitor 3 decreases.

When such a conventional single-phase condenser motor is used as the drive source and a screw type stirrer is used to stir and mix the feed, there is a risk that an excessive amount of feed may be charged to the stirrer or foreign matter that is difficult to stir may be loaded into the stirrer. If it is turned on, the motor will be overloaded and stop rotating. If this condition continues for a long time, inconvenient problems such as burning of the motor will occur. As a result of extensive research to solve this problem, the inventor of the present invention has determined that a capacitor circuit having a capacitance corresponding to the starting torque connected to the auxiliary winding is By switching to a capacitor circuit with a small capacitance, the stall torque can be reduced, and when the motor stops rotating due to excessive feed being charged to the agitator or foreign matter that is difficult to agitate, It has been discovered that the above object can be achieved by applying a reverse torque to the drive transmission shaft of the motor to cause it to rotate in the opposite direction.

That is, in the present invention, the capacitor circuit connected to the auxiliary winding is switched to a capacitor circuit with a smaller capacitance after a predetermined time has elapsed since the start of motor drive, so the starting torque is not affected. .

Stall torque can be significantly reduced. Therefore,
Even if the motor stops rotating due to excessive feed being charged to the agitator or foreign matter that is difficult to stir, the stall torque will be significantly smaller than the standard stall torque. , the load applied to the motor is also small, and as a result, burning of the motor is prevented. In addition, with such a reduced stall torque, it is easy to apply a torque in the opposite rotation direction to rotate the motor in the opposite direction, and by this reverse rotation, the excess feed or foreign matter that has been charged can be removed. can be easily discharged and removed from the stirrer.

Next, FIG. 2 shows an electric circuit diagram including a motor used in the stirring device of the present invention. In comparison with the circuit diagram shown in Fig. 1, the circuit diagram in Fig. 2 has a forward/reverse rotation switch 7 for the motor inserted in the wiring, a capacitor circuit switch 5 connected to the capacitor circuit, and The capacitor circuit connected to auxiliary winding 2 is capacitor 3-1 and capacitor 3.
-2, and is different in that it includes a control circuit 4 including a timer. In the capacitor circuit in this case, capacitor 3-1 and capacitor 3-2
Therefore, when the capacitor circuit switch 5 is on, that is, when the motor starts rotating, the capacitance of the capacitor circuit connected to the auxiliary winding 2 is equal to that of the capacitor 3-1. Capacitance F1 and capacitor 3-
This total capacitance F corresponds to the capacitance of capacitor 3 shown in Figure 1, and the starting torque of the motor is the same as that shown in Figure 1. Become.

On the other hand, the control circuit 4 has a timer, is electrically connected to the capacitor circuit switch 5, turns on the motor start switch 6, and turns on the capacitor circuit switch 5 when the motor is started. A switch actuation mechanism is provided that turns off the capacitor circuit switch 5 by the action of the timer after a predetermined period of time has elapsed, for example, 10 to 30 seconds after the start of the motor. Therefore, after a predetermined period of time has passed since the start of the motor, the capacitor circuit changes from the total capacitance F (F=F□+Fz) of capacitors 3-1 and 3-2 to a circuit with a smaller capacitance F. automatically switched to In this case, the ratio of the capacitance of the capacitor 3-1 to the total capacitance F is 50% or less, preferably about 10 to 30%. In addition, the control circuit 4 may be configured as necessary.

It is also connected to a starting switch 6 that starts the motor and a forward/reverse rotation switch 7, and a switch operating mechanism that turns off the starting switch 6 when a predetermined period of time has elapsed from the start of the motor, and a switch actuation mechanism that turns off the start switch 6 when a predetermined period of time has elapsed from the start of the motor. , has a switch operating mechanism that turns on the forward/reverse switch in the direction indicated by the dotted line. When the starting switch 6 is turned off, the capacitor circuit switch 5 is automatically turned on by the action of the control circuit 4. When the starting switch 6 is turned on again to start the motor, the capacitor circuit switch 5 is turned on. Start with it on. Further, when the forward/reverse rotation switch is turned on from the direction shown by the solid line to the direction shown by the dotted line, the motor starts to rotate in the reverse direction.

FIG. 3 shows another electrical circuit diagram including the motor used in the stirring device of the present invention. In this electric circuit diagram, the motor can be freely rotated forward or reverse by operating the switch 6, and the windings 1 and 2 of the capacitor motor are
They are identical windings with polar axes that differ from each other by 90', one of which acts as a main winding and the other as an auxiliary winding.

For example, in Fig. 3, if the start switch 6 is turned on between terminal a, winding 1 becomes the main winding, and winding 2 connects to the power supply in series with the capacitor to provide auxiliary winding. It becomes a winding. The control circuit 4 includes a switch operating mechanism (for example, a relay, etc.) connected to a timer, and is connected to the capacitor circuit switch 5 described above, and is further connected to a motor starting switch 6, with the starting switch 6 connected to terminal a. When the motor is turned on and rotated forward for a predetermined period of time, the capacitor circuit consisting of capacitors 3-1 and 3-2 is switched to the capacitor circuit consisting of capacitor 3-1. After the motor is rotated in the forward direction for a predetermined period of time, the start switch 6 is turned off for a predetermined period of time. After repeatedly turning the start switch 6 on and off for a certain period of time in this way, the start switch 6 is turned on between the terminals and the motor to rotate in reverse, and after the motor is rotated in reverse for a certain period of time. , switch 6
Turn off.

In the present invention, the capacitor circuit is not limited to those shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, but can have various configurations, for example, as shown in FIG. 4. That is, in FIG. 4, when the motor starts,
The capacitor circuit uses a capacitor 3 having a large capacitance F, and after a predetermined time has elapsed from the start of startup, a capacitor 3 having a smaller capacitance F1 is used.
-1 circuit is used.

FIG. 5 shows an explanatory diagram of a stirring device equipped with the electric circuit shown in FIG. 2. In FIG. 5, 20 is a motor;
2 is a transmission shaft, 24 is a connection part, 31 is a spiral type (
23 indicates the rotating shaft of the stirrer, 21 indicates the charging port for feed A, 21' indicates the charging port for feed B, 28 indicates the stirred mixture discharge port, and 28' indicates the foreign matter discharge port, respectively. show. The connecting part 24 has a structure shown in FIG. , and further transmitted to the rotating shaft 23. In this stirring device, the rotation power generated by the rotation of the motor 20 is transmitted to the rotation shaft 23 of the stirrer 31 via the transmission shaft 22 and the connecting portion 24, and a screw or spiral 29 attached to the rotation shaft 23 rotates. . Charging port 21
21' Raw material supplies A and B to be stirred and mixed are respectively charged and stirred and mixed in the stirrer 31. In this case, since the agitator 31 is of a spiral type, the supplies A and B are stirred and mixed by the rotation of the spiral or screw 29 while receiving a force of being pushed in the direction of the arrow 32. After stirring and mixing, the mixture is discharged from the discharge port 28. In this case, the feed inlet 21,
When excessive feed material or foreign matter that is difficult to stir is mistakenly charged from 21', reverse rotation torque is automatically applied to the motor 20, and the motor 20 automatically starts reverse rotation to remove the excess material. The supplies and foreign matter are pulled back in the direction of arrow 33 and discharged out of the system through the discharge port 28'. Note that the reverse rotation of the motor in this case is caused by the action of the elastic body 25 used in the connecting portion 24.

That is, when the elastic body 25 is compressed, a repulsive force is generated to restore the elastic body 25, and the more strongly the elastic body 25 is compressed, the stronger the repulsive force becomes. Therefore, if the agitator is loaded with excess material or foreign matter and the rotary shaft becomes unable to rotate, the elastic body 25 of the connecting portion will Although it is strongly compressed, in this case, the stall torque of the motor is always maintained by the elastic body 25 with a constant force.
Therefore, while the motor is trying to rotate, the motor must have a torque A1 larger than the stall torque.
A reverse rotation torque is applied due to the strong repulsive force of the elastic body 25.

In the case of a single-phase capacitor motor, when such reverse rotation torque is applied, the motor rotates in the opposite direction, and as a result, the motor 20
starts to rotate in the opposite direction due to the reverse rotation torque caused by the repulsion of the elastic body 25. Since the stirrer is of a spiral type, reverse rotation can be easily performed.

The elastic body 25 is not limited to hard rubber, but any material that exhibits a repulsion effect when compressed may be used, and an appropriate material may be used depending on the structure of the connection part. can be adopted. Also,
The stirred mixture can also be discharged by turning switch 7 on in the dotted direction and reversing the motor.

〔Example〕

Next, FIG. 7 shows an explanatory diagram of another embodiment of the stirring device of the present invention. This unit, number W, is equipped with an electric circuit as shown in Figure 2.

In FIG. 7, 20 is a capacitor motor, 214 is a reduction gear, 31 is an agitator, 22 is a driving force transmission shaft, 24 is a connecting portion, and 25 is an elastic body.
A rotating shaft 23 is provided at the center of the casing 29, and a coil screw 29 is attached to the rotating shaft. 27t*feed inlet, 28 is the stirred mixture outlet. This is the side plate number 34.

In FIG. 7, when the raw material is supplied through the charging port 271 and the motor start switch 6 shown in FIG. 2 is turned on, the forward/reverse switch 7 in FIG.
' and between b and b'.

The motor 20 starts rotating forward, and the driving force of the motor is
It is transmitted via the reduction gear 21 and the transmission shaft 22 to the rotary shaft 23 of the stirrer via the exposure linkage part 24, and rotates the coil screw 29. Therefore, within the casing 29 , the feed material is subjected to the action of stirring and mixing due to the rotation of the coil screw 29 while being subjected to a force in the direction of the arrow 32 . After the motor is started and the agitation mixture reaches a steady state, the rotational torque of the motor required to rotate the rotating shaft 23 is less than the starting torque, so as described above, the control circuit 4, the capacitor circuit switch 5 is changed to the capacitor circuit shown in FIG. 2 including the small capacitance F capacitor 3-1.
It can be switched with . After stirring and mixing for a predetermined period of time, the control circuit 4 turns off the start switch 6 and stops driving the motor 20, and after the motor has stopped for a certain period of time, the control circuit 4 turns off the start switch 6 and stops the motor 20. The switch is turned on again and the motor 20 starts rotating forward. In this way, the motor 20 alternately starts and stops normal rotation by the action of the control circuit 4 including a timer.

After the motor is repeatedly rotated in the forward direction and stopped for a certain period of time, the control circuit 4 causes the forward/reverse switch 7 to connect between the terminals a and b' and between the terminals a and a'. The motor 20 rotates in the opposite direction and the stirred mixture moves in the direction of arrow 3.
It is pushed in three directions and is discharged from the discharge port 28.

The stirring device shown in Figure 7 is suitable for stirring and mixing household human excreta with a fermentation promoter made of sawdust mixed with fermentation bacteria. In contrast, excessive feed may be charged, or foreign materials that are difficult to stir, such as slippers, cloth, and other coarse solid materials, may be mistakenly charged. In such a case, the coil screw 29 cannot rotate smoothly and its rotation stops.6 In the device of the present invention, the rotation of the screw 29 stops and the motor 2
0 is about to rotate and torque is applied to the transmission shaft and the rotation shaft, the transmission of the rotational force between the transmission shaft 22 and the rotation shaft 23 is transmitted through an elastic body such as hard rubber at the connection part 24. As a result, due to the repulsion (restoring) action of the elastic body, a large reaction torque greater than the stall torque of the motor is applied to the motor 20 via the transmission shaft 22, and a force that causes the motor 20 to rotate in the reverse direction is applied. Added. In the case of a single-phase capacitor motor, when such a reverse rotation torque is applied, the motor has a tendency to rotate in the opposite direction, and reverse rotation starts, and accordingly, the screw 29 also rotates in the reverse direction. Since the screw 29 has a spiral shape, it can be easily rotated in the opposite direction, and excess feed material and foreign matter are sent in the direction of the arrow 33 by this screw. The liquid is discharged and removed from the discharge port 28, and the inside of the agitator returns to its normal state. Further, such reverse rotation of the motor 20 continues until the start switch 6 shown in FIG. After being stopped for a certain period of time, the start switch 6 is turned off by the action of the control circuit 4, and normal rotation of the motor is started again. The feed material (human excrement and urine) is charged through the charging port 27 and processed while the motor alternately rotates forward and stops as described above. Of course, in this case, it is not always necessary to alternately repeat the normal rotation of the motor and the stop of the motor, and the motor can always be rotated in the normal direction. Further, the fermentation accelerator can be charged into the stirrer through a separate supply port.

When processing human excrement, the motor is rotated in the forward direction and stopped alternately as described above, or the motor is rotated in the forward direction all the time and then the human excrement is disposed of. During the time when the person is asleep, for example from around 12:00 pm to around 6:00 am, the control circuit 4 shown in FIG. ', the motor is rotated in reverse for about 1 to 3 hours, the screw 29 is rotated in reverse accordingly, and the agitated mixture of the fermentation accelerator and excrement accumulated in the agitator is discharged from the discharge port 28. to empty the stirrer.

〔effect〕

The present invention has the above-mentioned configuration, and when an excessive amount of feed material is charged into the stirrer, or when a foreign material that is difficult to stir is accidentally charged, the motor automatically rotates in reverse, and the excess material is removed. It is possible to remove objects and foreign substances from inside the stirrer and return the inside of the stirrer to its normal state. Moreover, in the case of the present invention,
The stall torque of a capacitor motor is adjusted to a small stall torque by switching the capacitor connected to the auxiliary winding to one with a smaller capacitance after the motor starts, so when the motor reverses, Even if the motor stops rotating once, it will not cause any burnout of the motor.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is an electrical circuit diagram of a conventional capacitor motor;
The figure shows one example of an electric circuit diagram including a capacitor motor circuit diagram used in the device of the present invention, FIG. 3 shows another example, and FIG.
The figure shows an example of a capacitor circuit, FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the stirring device of the present invention using the electric circuit diagram of FIG. 2, and FIG.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the connecting portion between the motor driving force transmission shaft and the agitator rotating shaft, and FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the stirring device equipped with the electric circuit diagram of FIG. 2. 1... Main winding, 2... Auxiliary winding, 3.3-1.3-
2... Capacitor, 4... Control circuit, 5... Capacitor circuit switch, 6... Motor start switch, 7
... Motor forward/reverse switch, 20... Capacitor motor, 22... Driving force transmission shaft, 23... Stirrer rotating shaft, 24... Connecting portion, 25... Elastic body, 31...・
- Stirrer, 27... Raw material supply inlet, 28... Stirred mixture outlet, R... Motor rotor.

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A method in which a single-phase capacitor motor having an auxiliary winding connected to a capacitor is used as the driving force, and the driving force of the motor is transmitted to the rotating shaft of a spiral type stirrer via a transmission shaft to perform stirring. After a predetermined period of time has elapsed since the start of driving the motor, a capacitor circuit connected to the auxiliary winding and having a capacitance corresponding to the required starting torque of the motor is switched to a capacitor circuit having a smaller capacitance. At the same time, when the agitator is charged with an excessive amount of feed material or a foreign material that is difficult to stir, an overload is applied to the transmission shaft, and when the rotation of the motor stops, the transmission shaft is rotated in the reverse rotation direction. A stirring method characterized in that the motor is reversely rotated by applying a torque of . (2) A single-phase capacitor motor having an auxiliary winding connected to a capacitor circuit, a spiral type stirrer, a transmission shaft that transmits the driving force of the motor to the rotating shaft of the stirrer, and a capacitor connected to the capacitor circuit. A circuit switch and a control circuit are provided, and the transmission shaft and the rotation shaft of the stirrer are connected through a connecting portion that transmits the rotational force of the transmission shaft to the rotation shaft of the stirrer via an elastic body, and the capacitor circuit is connected to the rotation shaft of the stirrer. , comprising a circuit (A) having a capacitance corresponding to a predetermined starting torque of the motor and a circuit (B) having a smaller capacitance, and the control circuit is connected to the capacitor circuit switch. A stirring device characterized in that it has a switch actuation mechanism connected to a timer that switches the capacitor circuit (A) to the capacitor circuit (B) after a predetermined time elapses from the start of driving the motor. (3) The motor is capable of forward and reverse rotation by operating a switch, and the control circuit is connected to a timer that causes the motor to rotate forward for a predetermined time and then reverse for a predetermined time. 3. The apparatus of claim 2 further comprising a switch actuation mechanism.