JPS6214656B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a crimped yarn for use in no-twist, glueless weaving that can withstand harsh weaving conditions, and a method for producing the same. Furthermore, the present invention provides a crimped yarn for no-twist, no-glue weaving that is particularly suitable for use in fastener base fabrics. Conventionally, methods have been proposed for using crimped yarns for untwisted and glueless weaving, such as using an oil instead of a sizing material, and adding interlacing (entanglement between filaments) to improve cohesiveness. In particular, crimped yarns for untwisted and glueless weaving for water jet looms have been put to practical use, but at present, the practical application of fly shuttle looms that do not use water has been delayed. This is because the water used in the water jet loom has the effect of lubricating the warp threads, and this effect cannot be expected with fly shuttle looms (similar to rapier looms, etc.) that do not use water. Therefore, no-twist, no-glue weaving for fly shuttle looms has only been put to practical use in a limited range (for example, relatively thin fabrics with low warp thread density). An object of the present invention is to provide a crimped yarn that can be woven without twisting or sizing even on a loom that does not use water, and that can be sufficiently applied to especially severe weaving conditions. That is, the invention (1) of the present invention is composed of two polyester multifilaments that are false-twisted in opposite torque directions, and can be twisted with substantially no torque and with a degree of entanglement of 30 pieces/30 cm or more. Strength: 14 pieces/30cm or more Number of pieces with extra open fiber length: 5 pieces or less A crimped yarn for untwisted, glueless weaving made of interlaced polyester multifilaments with a strength that satisfies the characteristics of yarn-thread friction coefficient of 0.30 or less. The invention (1) will be explained in detail below. One of the features of the present invention is that the crimped yarn is a crimped yarn that does not substantially have the torque characteristic of crimped yarns (non-torque). In general, when a crimped yarn with torque is brought into a state close to zero tension, the torque causes twisting, snarling, etc., and tangles with other parallel crimped yarns. ,
It often causes problems in handling during the weaving preparation process and weaving process. Such troubles often potentially damage the crimped yarn and cause fuzz, etc., to occur in the subsequent weaving process. Even the slightest damage cannot be ignored, especially under harsh weaving conditions. By making the crimped yarn of the present invention non-torque, these causes of deterioration in weavability are eliminated. In order to achieve substantially no torque, as will be described later, it is difficult to simply heat-treat the false twisted yarn, and it is necessary to combine two crimped yarns whose torque directions are opposite to each other. Since the crimped yarn made non-torqued by such a method is composed of many filaments with opposite torque directions, in the subsequent interlacing (interlacing of filaments) process, it is stronger than interlace between filaments with the same torque direction. This method has the advantage that it is possible to obtain the following confounding. The term "substantially non-torque" as used herein means that the torque coefficient is 5 or less, as determined by the measurement method described later. As a result of repeated studies on the points to improve weavability in no-twist, glueless weaving, we found that it has strong cohesiveness and smoothness, and that there is no friction between the crimped yarns, or between the crimped yarns and the reeds and heddles of the loom. It is necessary to maintain convergence due to confounding at a certain level even after being subjected to abrasion. The cohesiveness that the crimped yarn should have before weaving is:
As a numerical value evaluated by the measurement method described below, the number of non-standard fiber lengths (the number of fibers with a fiber length exceeding 10 mm in 120 measurements) must be 5 or less, and the degree of entanglement must be 30 fibers/30 cm or more. One of the factors that influences weavability is the abrasion resistance between warp threads and various members (warp threads, reeds, heddles, etc.). When the warp yarn becomes fluffy due to such abrasion, the spread portion where each filament constituting the warp yarn exists independently is most likely to be damaged. When the length of the spread portion is considered as the spread length, the more warp yarns that have a long spread length, the lower the weavability is. As a crimped yarn for untwisted and glueless weaving under harsh conditions, which is the object of the present invention,
It is necessary that the number of out-of-class fiber opening lengths is 5 or less. The degree of interlacing is a measure of the degree of interlacing, and the higher the degree of interlacing, the shorter the opening length.
In the same way, if there is less chance of fuzz forming during weaving, even if fuzz does occur, the growth of the fuzz stops at the interlaced areas in the immediate vicinity, so it is unlikely to cause any trouble, and this is thought to result in excellent weavability. The yarn of the present invention has a degree of entanglement of 30/30 at the crimped yarn stage before weaving.
The yarn length is 30 cm or more, which is a highly interlaced yarn unlike any before, and if the degree of entanglement is less than 30 pieces/30 cm, it is difficult to achieve the target weavability. In addition, a weak interlace that has been applied to the crimped yarns is dissolved by friction between warp yarns, warp yarns and reeds, healds, etc. during weaving, so that no great effect can be expected. From the perspective of interlace strength,
A strong interlace with an interlacing strength of 14 pieces/30 cm or more is required. The smoothness of the crimped yarn, which is another characteristic for improving weavability, is expressed by the thread-thread friction coefficient:
It must be 0.30 or less. It goes without saying that warp threads need to have excellent smoothness, but under harsh conditions (especially when the weaving rotation speed is high), warp threads that are gripped by heddles and move up and down can rub against each other. Since this is a major cause of damage to the yarn, it is important to reduce the yarn-to-yarn friction coefficient as much as possible. One of the important characteristics that influences the weavability of warp yarns is the degree of deterioration when the yarns are rubbed against each other, that is, the abrasion resistance. In order to satisfy weavability under harsh conditions, it appears that thread-to-thread abrasion resistance of about 400 or more is required.
The yarn according to the present invention has about 500 or more properties by having the above-mentioned properties. The expression interlaced in the present invention means the following. In other words, it means a form in which the filaments forming the thread are intertwined with each other in such a manner that they exchange positions in the thread, so that the filaments do not substantially form a loop. For example, it does not include taslan processed yarns in which the filaments form loops. Yarns that form loops are undesirable because when the yarn is unwound from the package, if the loops become tight during the warping process, tension fluctuations will become large. Furthermore, in the weaving process, these loops cause fuzz, which in turn leads to yarn breakage, reducing weavability. The second aspect of the present invention is an optimal manufacturing method for obtaining the crimped yarn of the present invention, in which two crimped yarns with opposite torque directions are false-twisted simultaneously with or subsequent to the stretching. After the crimped yarn made of polyester multifilament is spun together, a compressed fluid with enough energy to provide a strong interlace without winding is injected onto the yarn, followed by a smoothing oil. This is a method for producing a crimped yarn for weaving with no twist and no glue. The invention (2) will first be explained using drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, undrawn multifilaments 1, 1' are packaged in package 13, 1.
3' respectively, and feed rollers 2 and 2nd
After stretching and simultaneously false twisting and doubling between the rollers 6, the doubled yarn 14 is heat treated in the heat treatment device 7, and then between the 3rd roller 8 and the 4th roller 11, it is heated with a compressed fluid. After applying interlacing by the processing device 9 and applying a smoothing oil by the adding oil device 10, the sheet is wound up by the winding machine 12. In FIG. 1, numeral 3 indicates a twisting heat fixing device, 4 a yarn cooling device, and 5 a false twisting device. Multifilament 1 that is false-twisted with a weight when stretching and simultaneously false-twisting between feed roller 2 and 2nd roller 6
When the false twisting direction of the multifilament 1' is the S direction, the false twisting direction of the b-weight multifilament 1' is the Z direction. As a result, a non-torque yarn can be obtained. The position for doubling each multifilament after false twisting is not limited to the position illustrated in FIG. 1, but may be at the inlet or outlet of the heat treatment device 7 or in front of the fluid treatment device 9. Especially when the fineness of the multifilament is large, heat treatment equipment 7
It is preferable to double the threads at the exit of the thread. The invention (2) is a simultaneous stretching false twisting method (so-called In
Draw) or a multifilament that has been false-twisted by a false-twisting method (so-called Out Draw) following drawing, and then doubling, interlacing, and adding oil. The crimped yarn produced by these false twisting methods has a larger torque than the crimped yarn made by false twisting the drawn yarn and winding it into a package (so-called conventional false twisted yarn), and this large torque is effectively utilized for interlacing. A major feature is obtaining strong interlacing. The false twisting device 5 may be a conventional spindle false twisting method or a friction false twisting method, but it should be noted that it does not damage the resulting crimped yarn. From this point of view, the friction false twisting method is preferable;
Furthermore, the twisted material that comes into contact with the multifilament is
For example, it is preferable to use a material mainly made of rubber. Fluid treatment to provide strong interlacing is an important point. Conventional crimped interlace yarns include, for example, blended yarns with cohesiveness added to improve handling, and raw yarns for untwisted and glueless weaving for water jet looms as described above. As a general level, the degree of confounding is 10 to 20 pieces/30 cm for the former, and 20 pieces/30 cm for the latter.
In contrast, the crimped yarn according to the present invention has a degree of entanglement of 30 pieces/30 cm or more, which is highly interlaced. When applying a strong interlace as in the present invention, the configuration and dimensions of each part of the nozzle used as the fluid treatment device are greatly influenced by the thickness of the yarn to be treated. That is, when using compressed air,
The interlacing performance varies depending on the diameter and number of compressed air jets, the shape and size of the fluid treatment chamber, the distance between the opening end of the jets and the center of the yarn to be treated, the thickness of the yarn to be treated, and the like. As a result of intensive study on these matters, the present inventors have found that as an effective means,
It has been found that by setting the cross-sectional area of the yarn passage in accordance with the fineness of the yarn to be treated, a more preferably stable and strongly interlaced yarn can be obtained. In addition, strong interlacing in the present invention means that the degree of interlacing is 30 pieces/30 cm or more and the interlacing strength is 14 pieces/30 cm or more.
This means that the fiber length is 30 cm or more, and the number of unclassified fibers is 5 or less. Figures 2a and b are side views and enlarged cross-sectional views showing an example of the nozzle configuration of the fluid treatment device, and Figure 2c is a graph showing the effects of the fluid treatment device, showing the fineness D of the yarn to be treated and the yarn The relationship with the cross-sectional area A of the strip path will be explained. In FIGS. 2a and 2b, while the yarn 14 passes through the elongated circular yarn path,
The compressed air flowing from the air outlet a undergoes fluid treatment and is interlaced. FIG. 2c shows an experimental example using compressed air at an air pressure of 5.0 kg/cm ² and shows that the optimum nozzle size varies depending on the fineness of the yarn to be treated. The nozzle that provides the most stable and strong interlacing is 3.80≦√
/A≦7.20. This is thought to be determined by the relationship between the movable area of the filaments of the yarn in the interlace processing chamber and the energy transfer of the ejected compressed air, and if √/A is outside the above range, the interlacing performance will be relatively poor. Shows a decreasing trend. The energy of ejected compressed air is generally expressed as in equation (1). J=ρ・V ²・S −(1) Here, J is the jet energy (g・cm/
sec ² ), ρ is the fluid density (g/cm ³ ), V is the fluid flow velocity (cm/sec) ² , and S is the cross-sectional area of the nozzle hole (cm ² ). In order to increase J, ρ, V and S may be increased. The larger the fineness of the yarn to which interlacing is applied or the faster the processing speed (the speed at which the yarn passes), the larger J is required. J to obtain a strong interlacing according to the present invention is, for example, 300D, and the processing speed is 400m/
min condition, J is preferably about 25 (g・
cm/sec ² ), more preferably 30 (g·cm/sec ² ) or more. The polyester multifilament in the present invention refers to polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene oxybenzoate, and repeating units thereof.
This indicates a multifilament obtained from a copolymer containing 70% or more and a polymer containing these as main components and a third component. Further, as the supplied yarn, a normal undrawn yarn or Pre-Oriented Yarn (POY) can be used. As described in detail above, the present invention imparts weaving resistance to the yarn and at the same time, by making it a non-torque yarn, it is possible to prevent the above-mentioned potential damage to the yarn during handling. In particular, the crimped yarn of the present invention is suitable for untwisted and glueless weaving under harsh conditions, and is especially suitable as a yarn for fastener base fabrics where the loom rotation speed exceeds 2000 rpm. be. In addition, conventionally, yarn with real twist was required for use on harsh fastener base fabric looms, but by using the crimped yarn of the present invention, the real twist process can be omitted and the twisting process can be omitted. This makes cost production possible. The method for measuring the characteristic values specified in the present invention will be explained below. (1) Degree of entanglement Collect approximately 50 cm of the sample crimped yarn, fix the upper end,
Length with an initial load of 0.05g/d applied to the bottom end
Mark 30cm. Next, after removing the initial load, a load of 0.33 g/d was applied and left for 1 minute, then the load was removed, and the number of interlaced portions existing between the 30 cm markings was counted with the naked eye. The degree of confounding is calculated as follows. Degree of entanglement = Number of interlaced parts per 30 cm Measurements are performed five times, and the average value is displayed. (2) Entanglement strength According to the measurement of the degree of entanglement, after removing the initial load,
A load of 1.32 g/d was left for 1 minute, then the load was removed, and the number of interlaced portions existing between the 30 cm markings was counted with the naked eye. Interlacing strength = Number of interlaced parts per 30 cm Measurements are performed five times, and the average value is displayed. (Due to high load, weakly entangled interlace parts are dissolved, so this is a measure of the strength of entanglement.
Measure with TESTER (model R2040). The measurement principle is as shown in Fig. 3, where the needle 16 is automatically divided into approximately two parts of the sample crimped yarn 15 in a stationary state.
is inserted, then the thread is moved to the left, and when a certain level of resistance (trip tension) is generated on the needle 16 due to the entanglement of the interlace portion of the filaments that make up the thread, the thread is automatically moved to the left. will stop moving and the distance traveled will be counted. The needle 16 then automatically moves away from the thread;
The yarn automatically moves 100 cm to the left and stops, where a second measurement is taken. The measurement conditions and display method are as follows. (A) Measurement conditions Initial tension (yarn tension) D x 0.05g Trip tension D x 0.05g + (D/F) x 3g Yarn movement speed 1cm/sec However, D: Fineness of supplied crimped yarn (denier) F: Number of filaments in 〃 (B) Display method 120 measurements were carried out, and if the number of times the moving distance of the yarn, that is, the opening length, which is the length of the closed part of the yarn, exceeded 10 mm, it was judged to be outside the category. The opening length is the number of pieces. (4) Thread-thread friction coefficient Measure using the equipment shown in Figure 4 a and b. In FIG. 4a, the tension of the sample yarn 15 is adjusted between two rollers 17 and 18 under a load W of a frictionless roller 19, and then it comes into contact with a bobbin 20 (fixed) for 180 degrees (half a circumference). The film is run in such a state that it passes through rollers 21 and is wound up.
The thread-thread friction coefficient is the running thread tension before and after the bobbin winder 20.
Calculate from T ₁ and T ₂ as follows. Note that FIG. 4b is a sketch of the bobbin 20, with needles 22 on the circumference.
was planted, and the sample yarn 15' was stretched between them as shown in the figure. <Measurement conditions> Temperature and humidity conditions 25±2℃, 65±2%RH Weight of frictionless roller 19 and W (total) 10.5g Roller 21 speed 55.0m/min Roller so that initial tension T ₁ is approximately 20g 17,
Adjust the speed of 18. Conditions for thread winding 20 The same test yarn as the running yarn was stretched under a load of 0.06 g/d so that the yarn spacing was 4.5 mm. Diameter 35mm. Yarn-yarn friction coefficient = 1/πln (T ₂ /T ₁ ) (5) Yarn-yarn abrasion resistance Measured using the apparatus shown in FIG. 5 (plan view). In Fig. 5, the sample yarn is passed through a frictionless roller 23 with a diameter of 40 mm, and
After twisting each other twice, the two ends are connected to fixed terminals 25, 2 through guide rollers 24, 24'.
Fix it at 5'. A load W of 1.67 g/d is applied to the frictionless roller. 2
The distance between 4 and 24' is 40mm, 24, 24' and 23
The center distance of is 130mm. In this state, alternately connect the fixed terminals 25 and 25' to the left and right by 24 mm and 100 mm.
The evaluation is based on the number of times the sample yarn is rubbed until it breaks when it is oscillated at a speed of rotations/min. Measure three times and display the average value. (6) Torque coefficient Displayed as the twist that occurs in the yarn when both ends of a 100cm sample of crimped yarn are grasped, a load of 0.3g is applied to the center of the yarn, and both ends are slowly approached. do. Measure three times and display the average value. The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to Examples. Example 1 An undrawn polyethylene terephthalate yarn (POY) wound at a spinning speed of 3000 m/min was drawn and false-twisted at the same time using the apparatus illustrated in FIG. An interlaced crimped yarn was obtained. The processing conditions and characteristics of the obtained crimped yarn were as shown in FIG.

[Table] Using the obtained crimped yarn, a fastener base fabric was woven using a needle loom (2200 rpm). The weaving efficiency was 98.1% for No. 1 and 97.8% for No. 2. The obtained fastener base fabric was of good quality with no occurrence of puckering. For reference, 150 denier 48 filament (twist direction is S)
When a fastener base fabric was woven using the false-twisted heat-treated yarn, which was made from double-stranded false-twisted yarn and subjected to actual twist of 80 T/m, the weaving efficiency was 94.2%.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a preferred embodiment of the present invention, FIGS. 2 a and b are a side view and an enlarged cross-sectional view of an example of the fluid treatment device of the present invention, and FIG. 2 c is a fluid treatment device Graph showing the effect of
The figure is a diagram to explain the method of measuring the number of non-standard fiber opening lengths, Figure 4 is a diagram to explain the method of measuring yarn-yarn friction coefficient, and Figure 5 is a diagram to explain the method of measuring yarn-yarn abrasion resistance. This is a diagram for 1, 1': Supply multifilament, 2: Feed roller, 3: Heat fixing device, 4: Cooling device,
5: False twisting device, 6: 2nd roller, 7: Heat treatment device, 8: 3rd roller, 9: Fluid treatment device, 10:
Oil supply device, 11: 4th roller, 12: winding device.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. Consisting of two polyester multifilaments that are false twisted in opposite torque directions, with virtually no torque. Degree of entanglement: 30 pieces/30 cm or more. Interlace strength: 14 pieces/30 cm. A crimped yarn for untwisted, glueless weaving consisting of interlaced polyester multifilaments with a strength that satisfies the characteristics of 0.30 or less and a coefficient of yarn-to-thread friction of 0.30 or less. 2 After piling together crimped yarns made of two polyester multifilaments with opposite torque directions that were false-twisted at the same time as drawing or following drawing, a strong interlace was subsequently applied without winding. 1. A method for producing a crimped yarn for no-twist, no-glue weaving, which comprises injecting a compressed fluid having sufficient energy to the yarn, and subsequently applying a smoothing oil to the yarn. 3. The method for producing a crimped yarn for untwisted and glueless weaving according to claim 2, wherein the cross-sectional area A of the yarn passage in the fluid treatment area of the nozzle for applying interlacing is within the following range. 3.80≦√／A≦7.20 However, A: Cross-sectional area of yarn passage (mm ² ) D: Fineness of yarn (denier)