JPS62146349A - Roof - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a roof provided with an air circulation layer between upper and lower layer materials and equipped with a skylight.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, there have been roofs with an air circulation layer as shown in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 53-32920, and roofs with a purlin, rafters, and upper and lower inner layer materials as shown in Japanese Utility Model Application No. 58-4881. From these roofs, roofs as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 can be considered.

In Figures 1 and 2, (1) is a main building made of C-shaped steel, and on top of the main building (1) is supported a lower inner layer material (2) made of a heat insulating material such as a hard wood wool board. A joint member (with a substantially inverted groove-shaped cross section) is supported on the main building (1) perpendicularly to the notch (2a) provided at the bottom of the joint of the lower inner layer material (2).
3) are fitted.

The upper base (3a) of the joint member (3) is supported on the approximately T-shaped mounting bracket (4) hooked to the main building (1), and the presser foot is installed on the joint of the adjacent lower inner layer material (2). A rod-shaped bolt (6) passes through the upper side of the holding plate (5), joint member (3) and mounting bracket (4) from above the plate (5), and nuts (6) are inserted at the upper and lower ends of the bolt (6). 7), the main building (1) is tightened.
), a mounting bracket (4), a joint member (3), a downward layer member (2), and a presser plate (5) are integrally fixed.

Metal rafters (8) with a slope perpendicular to the main building (1) are supported on the lower lining (2), and these rafters (8) are held on both sides of an inverted channel with steps (8a). A flange (8c) is provided through the joint (8b). The presser plate (5
) is engaged with the retaining part (8b) of the rafter (8), and the retaining part (5a) of the presser plate (5), (5b)
The bracket (8) is engaged with the flange (8C) of the rafter (8).
) are fastened, and the rafter (8) is fixed to the lower inner layer material (2) via the holding plate (5). Step (8a) of rafter (8)
The end of the car interior layer material (10) made of a plate-shaped sound absorbing material, heat insulating material, roofing board, etc. is supported on top and fixed by means of adhesives, screws, etc., and the car interior layer material (10) is attached to the rafters. (8), and an air circulation layer (11) is formed between the lower inner layer material (2) and the vehicle interior layer material (lO). Car interior layer material (10)
Roofing board (12) consisting of a long galvanized steel plate on top
The roof panels (12) are supported on the rafters (8) and fixed by suitable means, and the opposite ends of the roof panels (12) adjacent in the direction of the rods are engaged.

An air inlet member (13) in the form of a cross-sectional vertical groove is fixed to the outside side of the building of the main building (1) at the end of the eave side, and the - side wall (13a) of the air inlet member (13) is connected to the eave side of the lower inner layer material (2). The air circulation layer (11) has a slit-shaped air inlet (13c) whose end face is covered and is formed at the upper base (13b) of the air inlet member (13).
is connected to the atmosphere. An eaves member (14) is fixed to the other side wall (13d) of the air inlet member (13), and the eaves member (14) closes the eave end of the air circulation layer (11) and closes the eave side end surface of the interior layer material (lO). The outer surface of the upper end of the eaves member (14) is covered by the eaves portion of the roof board (12). Although not shown, the upper end of the eaves member (14) is connected to the rafter (8).
) is fixed to the upper surface of the air inlet member (13),
The eaves member (14) is provided over the entire left and right directions of the roof.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a ventilation system (15) is fixed to the ridge side end of the rafter (8), and an air circulation layer ( The upper end of 11) is communicated with the atmosphere.

The roof constructed as described above has upper and lower inner layer materials (10).
An air circulation layer (11) is formed between , (12), and this air circulation layer (11) connects to the air inlet (
13C) and the air outlet (15a) of the ventilation system (15) installed at the end of the ridge, the metal roof plate (12) is exposed to sunlight during sunny days in the summer. When the air in the heated air circulation layer (11) is heated,
As the warmed air flows toward the ridge, the ventilation system (15
) is released into the atmosphere from the air outlet (15a) of the
Air is introduced into the air circulation layer (11) through an air inlet (13c) provided on the lower surface of the eaves, and air flows from the eaves side to the ridge side by natural convection, thereby performing ventilation.

Therefore, compared to the case where the air in the air layer between the upper and lower inner layer materials stagnates and is not ventilated, the air in the air circulation layer (11) can be kept at a lower temperature even on sunny days in the summer, and the air inside the building can be kept at a lower temperature. The temperature can also be lowered.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

The roof constructed as described above, which forms an air circulation layer between the upper and lower inner layer materials, can lower the temperature inside the building, so it is used in livestock barns that do not require air conditioning. There are the following problems when installing a

That is, a planar groove-shaped, low-height frame body lacking an eave side frame as shown in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 58-145529 is supported and fixed on an upwardly facing layer material, and a flat plate-shaped and plate-shaped frame body is attached to the periphery of the frame body. If a skylight is fitted into a skylight opening in a roof by stacking the outer peripheries of two-shaped window panels one above the other, the strength of the frame and the strength for attaching the frame will not be sufficient; With window panels, the height of the surrounding wall cannot be increased, and the thickness of the air circulation layer, upper and lower inner layer materials cannot be obtained sufficiently, and the overall thickness of the roof becomes thin, resulting in poor air circulation and sound insulation. This method has the problem that it does not provide sufficient heat and insulation properties, impairing the functions of a roof with an air circulation layer, and is not particularly suitable for skylights with large areas.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and the frame of the skylight is sturdy, the frame can be firmly fixed to the roof, and the flow of air through the airflow passage is hardly obstructed. To provide a roof with a skylight that looks good when viewed from above or below, prevents dirt from accumulating inside the frame or near the outer periphery, and is suitable for installing a skylight with a large area. That is.

[Means for solving problems]

The present invention involves laying a lower inner layer material on the main roof, laying the lower inner layer material between the rafters fixed directly to the main roof via the lower inner layer material, and creating an air circulation layer between the lower inner layer material and the lower inner layer material. form,
A roof board is placed over the lower inner layer material and the rafters, and an air inlet and an air outlet for communicating the air circulation layer with the atmosphere are provided on the lower surface of the eaves and on the ridge, respectively. A planar rectangular frame to which the frame, eave side frame, and left and right side frames are fixed is constructed with a height approximately equal to the thickness of the roof,
A skylight is provided with a flange portion extending to the outer circumferential side of the upper end of the frame body, and transparent window panels stretched in two layers, upper and lower, with a mutual interval provided on the inner circumferential side of the frame body, the left side of the skylight, A flange portion provided on the right side frame is supported and fixed on the rafter, the roof plate is overlapped with the flange portion of the frame body, a part of the air circulation layer is closed with the frame body, and the roof plate, the frame body, and the flange are overlapped. The upper surface of the transparent window panel and the top surface of the upper transparent window panel are placed almost on the same plane, and the frame is embedded in the skylight opening of the roof.

[Effect]

As described above, the roof of the present invention is constructed by constructing a skylight frame having a planar rectangular shape in which the ridge side frame, the eave side frame, and the left and right side frames are fixed to a height approximately equal to the thickness of the roof. It is embedded in the roof almost the entire height, and the frame blocks a part of the air circulation layer formed on the roof and between the downward layered materials, so it looks good from above and below, and it can be adjusted according to the slope of the roof. The flow of air passing through the air circulation layer from the eaves side to the ridge side is rarely obstructed by the skylight installation part. In addition, the frame of the skylight is rectangular, high and sturdy, and the flanges provided on the left and right sides of the frame are supported and fixed on the rafters, so not only can it be firmly fixed to the roof, but the skylight The installation part has great strength, the rafters and the part of the main building that corresponds to the skylight opening can be removed, and the upper surface of the frame and the upper transparent window panel are placed almost on the same plane as the upper surface of the roof board. It has good lighting and prevents dirt from accumulating inside the frame or near the outer periphery.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 10.

In FIGS. 3 to 10, the same symbols as in FIGS. 1 and 2 indicate corresponding parts. In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a skylight (32) is installed on the roof. It is embedded and disposed approximately within its thickness. As shown in Figures 3 to 7, the skylight (32) includes a ridge side frame (33), an eave side frame (34), and a left side frame (34) made of an extruded metal member with a roughly angular cross section.
A frame body (36) having a rectangular plane shape on the right side frame (35) is configured to have a height somewhat higher than the thickness of the roof. That is, the ridge side end faces of the left and right side frames (35) are butted against the left and right end parts of the ridge side frame (33), and the left and right end faces of the eave side frame (34) are abutted against the left and right end faces of the left and right side frames (35). It is butted against the eave side edge and the eave side frame (
34), the peripheral wall portion (34a) has a flange portion (
34b) are disposed slightly below the peripheral wall portions (33a), (35a) of the ridge side frame (33) and the left and right side frames (35), and the flange portions (33b), (35b) extending toward the outer circumferential side, and The abutting portions are each fixed.

The ridge side frame (33) and left and right side frames (
A transparent upper window panel (37) is attached to the inner peripheral side of the peripheral wall (33a) and (35a) of the upper window panel (35).
The eave side end of 7) is the eave side frame (30 flange part (34b)
It is disposed on top so as to cover it closely. The transparent base panel (38) arranged with a gap (39) below the upper window panel (37) is attached to the ridge side frame (33), the eave side frame (34), and the left and right side frames (35). peripheral side part (33a)
, (34a), (35a) on the flange portions (33b), (35b) of the 0-building side frame (33), left and right side frames (35), and the eaves side frame (35b). 3
The roof plate (12) is overlapped between the flange part (34a) of 4) and the upper window panel (37), and the roof plate (12)
) and frame body (36) upper end and upper window panel (37),
(3B) The skylight (32) is disposed within the thickness of the roof so that the gap (38) between the air circulation layer (11) and the roof almost coincide with each other in the thickness direction of the roof. The skylights (32) are arranged at several locations on the left and right sides of the roof, as shown in FIG.

In addition, the roof plate (1
The skylight opening edge of 2) is engaged, and the eave side frame (
34) flange part (34b) and upper window panel (37),
The space between the roof plates (12) is sealed with a sealing material (40). The flange portions (3ab) of the left and right side frames (34) are supported on metal rafters (8) and fixed with screws.

In Fig. 6, (41) is a panel holder fixed to the eave side frame (34) and supporting the lower end of the upper window panel (37);
In the figure, (42) and '(43) are the upper window panel (37)
The frame body (
3B) is the protective net stretched over the area.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 4, the air circulation layer (11) at the ridge side end of the roof has a communication port (44) provided in the downward layer member (2).
It is connected to the inside of the building by.

As shown in FIGS. 8 to 10, the ventilation system (15) has lower ends of both side supports (16) bolted and fixed to the upper part of the rafters (8) via mounting rods (17). (
A ridge rafter (18) is bolted and fixed to the upper end of the ridge rafter (1B) in parallel with the rafter (8), and a long diameter (1
8a) and a nut (not shown) to secure the stay (
The upper end of the stay (19) is fixed to the ridge rafter (18) in a position-adjustable manner, and the stay (19) intersects in an X-shape, and the lower end of the stay (19) is attached to the mounting rod (1
7). The ventilation system roof plate (20) is fixed to the ridge rafter (18) to cover the top of the ridge rafter (18) to form the ventilation system roof.A connecting column (21) is attached to the eave tip of the six ridge rafters (18). The upper end is bolted and fixed, and the vertical middle part of the connecting column (21) is fixed to both side columns (16) via the connecting rod (22).
An arabesque (23) is fixed to the eave side and roughly, the upper part of the draining board (24) is interposed between the arabesque (23) and the ridge rafter (18), and the lower part of the draining board (24) is attached to the connecting column ( 21), and the top of the ventilation device is covered with an arabesque (19) and a draining plate (24). The upper ends of the ridge rafters (18) on both sides are connected by a hinge (25), and the roof plates (20) on both sides are connected and fixed above the hinge (25) to prevent water leakage. A roof plate (
The ridge side rising portion (12a) of 12) is supported and fixed. A mounting member (27) made of a square pipe is fastened to the outer surface of the connecting column (21) via a spacer (26) with bolts and nuts, and inner and outer guide plates (2) are attached to the mounting member (27).
8) The lower hanging portion (28a) is tightened and fixed with multiple vertical bolts and nuts. The guide plate (28) is disposed together with the mounting member (27) at the air outlet (15a) provided between the ridge end of the roof and the eaves tip of the ventilation system roof, and From the upper end of the inclined part (28a)
b) is inclined upward and extends in the direction away from the mounting member (27), and extends from the tip of the inclined part (28b) to the upper vertical part (28c).
) is constructed of an integrally molded product with a raised vertical part (28c
) is the lower part (28a) of the upper guide plate (28)
It overlaps with the bottom of. A rubber sheet (29) fixed to the lower end of the mounting member (27) is pressed onto the roof plate (12).

Although not shown, the roof and the left and right end surfaces of the ridge ventilation system are closed by appropriate means. Further, the configuration of this embodiment other than those described above is the same as that of the roof shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

In the embodiment configured as described above, an air circulation layer (11) is formed between the upper and lower layer members (2) and (10), and this air circulation layer (11) is formed on the lower surface of the eaves. The air inlet (13c) installed and the ventilation system (13c) installed at the end of the ridge
Since the metal roof material (12) is communicated with the atmosphere through the air outlet (15a) in the air distribution layer (11), the metal roofing material (12) is heated by sunlight during sunny days when there is almost no wind influence in the summer. ) When the air in
5a) to the atmosphere, and the air passes through the air inlet (15c) provided on the underside of the eaves to the air circulation layer (11).
ventilation is performed by natural convection, which causes air to flow from the eaves to the ridge. Therefore, in this embodiment, the air in the air circulation layer (11) can be kept at a low temperature even during sunny weather in summer, and the temperature inside the building can also be kept low.

In addition, in this embodiment, when the wind blows toward the - side of the ridge ventilation system (15), the upper vertical part (28c) of the outer guide plate (28) Inclined part (28b
), it bends upward and reaches the guide plate (2).
8), but bypasses the ventilation device (15) and flows above it as shown by the arrow in Figure 10, so it functions to suck air out of the air circulation layer (11). Even when there is a wind, the air circulation inside the air circulation layer (11) is good, and during windy and rainy weather, it is difficult for rain to enter the inside of the outer guide plate (28), and even if rain does enter, the broken line in Figure 9 As shown by the arrows, the inclined portions (28b) of the outer and inner guide plates (28)
), rainwater flows downward along the roofing material (12), is guided over the ridge side edge of the roofing material (12), and flows to the eave side.
5) There is no leakage from the parts.

In this embodiment, by providing a skylight (32) on the roof, the inside of the building can be brightened.
) is embedded almost within the thickness of the roof, giving it a good appearance.It also has a skylight (32), its frame (36), flange parts (33b), (3tb), and (35b) upper window panels. Since the upper surface of (37) is made almost flat with the roof plate (12), combined with the low slope of the eaves side of the roof, snow and dust can accumulate inside and near the outer periphery of the frame (36) of the skylight (32). It rarely gets caught and accumulates.

Furthermore, in this example, since the upper end of the air circulation layer (11) was communicated with the inside of the building, the air in the upper part of the building was also connected to the ventilation system (
15) to the atmosphere from the air outlet (15a), and the building can also be ventilated, making it suitable for use on the roof of a livestock barn.

In addition, in this embodiment, as shown in Fig. 3, the air in the air circulation layer (11) bypasses the skylight (32) and flows from the eaves side to the ridge side. Hole (8d)
, (8e) allows the air between the rafters (8) to communicate with each other, but the eave side frame (34) of the skylight (32)
), peripheral wall part (34a) of ridge side frame (33), (3
By providing multiple communication holes in the upper and lower window panels (3a) etc.
7), the gap (39) between (38) is connected to the air circulation layer (1).
1), and without bypassing the skylight (32), the gap (
39), the air flow will be smoother.

In the present invention, it is preferable to lay asphalt roofing on the downward layer material. The rafters of the present invention are not necessarily limited to the shapes of the embodiments described above, and the flanges may be made of channel steel with the opening facing down, and the rafters may be directly fixed to the main building.

As shown in FIG. 11, even if the present invention is applied to the roof of the first floor of a building with two floors, the outer wall surface (30) of the second floor, which is the upper end of the roof, can be used as shown in FIG. By providing the ventilation device (31) with a configuration in which the ventilation device is cut in half, the present invention can be applied to the roof of a single-story building, a second floor, or the top floor. In FIG. 11, the same reference numerals as in FIGS. 3 and 4 indicate parts corresponding to these parts.

The present invention does not use a ventilation device like the embodiment,
If measures are taken to prevent rainwater from entering the building,
An air outlet communicating with the air circulation layer may be provided directly at the upper end of the roof, such as at the ridge end.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, the present invention forms an air circulation layer between the lower inner layer material laid on the main roof and the upper inner layer material laid between the rafters fixed directly to the main roof via the lower inner layer material. ,
In a roof with roof shingles on the upper inner layer and rafters, the frame of the skylight, which has a planar rectangular shape to which the ridge side frame, eave side frame, and left and right side frames are fixed, has a thickness that is approximately equal to the thickness of the roof. The structure is embedded in the roof over almost the entire height and blocks a part of the air flow passage, so it looks good, the air flow passing through the air flow passage is less likely to be obstructed by the skylight installation part, and
The frame is sturdy, and the flanges on the left and right sides of the frame are supported and fixed on the rafters, so not only can it be firmly fixed to the roof, but the skylight installation part is also strong.
Furthermore, since the upper surface of the frame and the upper transparent window panel are placed almost on the same plane as the upper surface of the roof, it has the advantage of providing good lighting and preventing dirt from accumulating inside the frame or near the outer periphery. It will be done.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a roof of a conventional example, Fig. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the same part, Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view showing a roof of an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 4 is a side view of the same vertical cross-section. Figure 5 is a schematic perspective view of the frame of the skylight, Figure 6 is a vertical sectional side view of the skylight, Figure 7 is a partial vertical sectional front view of the skylight, and Figure 8 is a side view of the ridge ventilation system. FIG. 9 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of the action explanatory diagram, FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing the flow of wind on the ventilation system in the same building, and FIG. 11 shows the roof of a modified embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic perspective view. (1)...Purinary building, (2)...Lower inner layer material, (
8)... Rafter, (10)... Upper inner layer material, (
11)... Air circulation layer, (12)... Roof plate, (1
3c)... Air inlet, (15)... Ridge ventilation system,
(15a)...Air outlet, (32)...Skylight, (3
3)...ridge side frame, (33b)...flange part,
(34)...Eave side frame, (34b)...Flange part, (35)...Side frame, (35b)...
Flange part, (36)...frame body, (37), (38)...window panel, (39)・-
·gap.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) Lay the lower inner layer material on the main roof, Rafters fixed through timber or directly to the main roof An upper inner layer material is laid in between, and the lower inner layer material and the upper An air circulation layer is formed between the inner layer materials, and the upper inner layer Roofing sheets are placed over the wood and rafters, and the air Air inlet and air outlet that connect the flow layer to the atmosphere The opening is placed on the underside of the eaves and on the ridge. At the same time, in a roof with a slope, Fix the ridge side frame, eave side frame, and left and right side frames. The thickness of the flat rectangular frame is approximately equal to that of the roof. the outer circumferential side of the upper end of the frame body. The flange portion is extended to the inner periphery of the frame body. Transparent window panels on the sides with mutual spacing on top, Equipped with a skylight with double lower windows, to the left of the skylight, Place the flange provided on the right side frame onto the rafter. Support and fix the Layer the roof sheets together to form part of the air circulation layer. The roof plate, frame and flange are closed with a frame. and the top surface of the upper transparent window panel are almost flush. The frame is placed on the roof and buried in the skylight opening of the roof. A roof that is characterized by its indentation. (2) The skylight frame is made of upper and lower transparent window panels. Multiple gaps communicating with the air circulation layer Claims in which communicating holes are formed The roof described in section 1.