JPS62144794A - Treatment of mercury-containing waste - Google Patents

Treatment of mercury-containing waste

Info

Publication number
JPS62144794A
JPS62144794A JP60284276A JP28427685A JPS62144794A JP S62144794 A JPS62144794 A JP S62144794A JP 60284276 A JP60284276 A JP 60284276A JP 28427685 A JP28427685 A JP 28427685A JP S62144794 A JPS62144794 A JP S62144794A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
mercury
waste
heating furnace
gas
heating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP60284276A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Toshiaki Fujii
敏昭 藤井
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ebara Corp
Ebara Research Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Ebara Corp
Ebara Research Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ebara Corp, Ebara Research Co Ltd filed Critical Ebara Corp
Priority to JP60284276A priority Critical patent/JPS62144794A/en
Publication of JPS62144794A publication Critical patent/JPS62144794A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To eliminate the leakage of mercury from mercury-containing waste and a treatment system, by making waste water containing formed mercury innoxious in the system without discharging the same out of the system. CONSTITUTION:Waste water containing mercury is added to the area in the upstream side of a heating furnace 2 in the downstream side of a pretreatment apparatus 1 and thrown in the heating furnace along with waste. The waste is brought to a wet state and the sealing of the waste supply part of the heating furnace 2 becomes well. The gas containing mercury generated in the heating furnace 2 is adjusted to proper temp. by spraying water and guided to a mercury recovery part 7 where mercury in the gas is almost separated. Separated mercury is sucked by the fan 6 in the downstream side of a mercury recovery container 5 to be recovered in the mercury recovery container 5. The gas from the suction fan 6 is sent to the heating furnace 2 as recycle gas and allowed to act in order to enhance the heating efficiency in the heating furnace 2.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は、水銀及び、又は水銀化合物を含む廃棄物(以
下「水銀含有廃棄物」という)から水銀を捕集し、水銀
含有廃棄物及びその処理系からの水銀のリークを実質的
に無視し得る濃度にまで減少させる方法に関するもので
ある。
Detailed Description of the Invention [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention collects mercury from waste containing mercury and/or mercury compounds (hereinafter referred to as "mercury-containing waste"), and The present invention relates to a method of reducing mercury leakage from the treatment system to a substantially negligible concentration.

〔従来の技術〕[Conventional technology]

水銀含有廃棄物としては、 (1)使用済み器具類−各種乾電池、体温計、温度計、
蛍光灯、水銀ランプ、 水銀スイッチ等。
Mercury-containing waste includes: (1) Used equipment - various dry batteries, thermometers, thermometers,
Fluorescent lamps, mercury lamps, mercury switches, etc.

(2)水銀化合物−水銀触媒、無機薬品等。(2) Mercury compounds - mercury catalysts, inorganic chemicals, etc.

(3)含水銀汚泥−塩水マソド、廃水スラッジ等。(3) Mercury-containing sludge - brine, wastewater sludge, etc.

(4)使用済み水銀吸収剤−活性炭、キレート樹脂等。(4) Used mercury absorbent - activated carbon, chelate resin, etc.

(5)水銀含有廃水。(5) Mercury-containing wastewater.

など、又はこれらを含む廃棄物がある。etc., or there is waste containing these.

従来、これら水銀含有廃棄物から水銀を回収する適切な
方法がなく、例えば廃乾電池等は、■そのまま野積み、
■コンクリート固化、■不燃ゴミとして埋立て等が行わ
れていたが、何れも抜本的な方法ではなく、含有水銀の
流出による環境汚染が問題となっていた。特に、不燃ゴ
ミとして埋立られる場合には、水銀が有機化して有害性
が増大することが考えられて問題となっており、有効な
処理方法が望まれていた。
Until now, there was no appropriate method to recover mercury from these mercury-containing wastes, and for example, waste batteries, etc.
■Concrete solidification, ■Landfilling as non-combustible garbage, etc. were carried out, but neither of these methods were drastic, and environmental pollution caused by the leakage of the mercury contained therein became a problem. In particular, when mercury is disposed of in a landfill as non-combustible waste, it is considered that mercury becomes organic and becomes more harmful, which is a problem, and an effective treatment method has been desired.

このような要望に応えるため、水銀含有廃棄物を加熱し
て水銀を含むガスを発生せしめ、該発生ガス中の水銀を
捕集する方法が提案されており、その主な構成は、水銀
含有廃棄物の前処理工程、加熱工程、水銀捕集工程、場
合により補集水銀の精製工程を加えたものであった。
In order to meet these demands, a method has been proposed in which mercury-containing waste is heated to generate mercury-containing gas and the mercury in the generated gas is collected. This process included a pretreatment process, a heating process, a mercury collection process, and, in some cases, a purification process for the collected mercury.

〔発明が解決しようとする問題点〕 しかしながら、前記の水銀を気化したのちこれを捕集す
る方法では、各工程のうち前処理工程、水銀捕集工程、
水銀の精製工程では、廃棄物の種類や運転条件により、
水銀を含有する排水が生成されて排出されるため、該排
水をそのまま放流すると二次公害の恐れがあるために無
害化処理する必要があり、この種の水銀を捕集するため
の各工程は公害対策のためであるところから、微量であ
っても系外に有害物を流出させることは避けなければな
らなかった。
[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the method of collecting mercury after vaporizing it, among the steps, a pretreatment step, a mercury collection step,
In the mercury purification process, depending on the type of waste and operating conditions,
Since wastewater containing mercury is generated and discharged, if the wastewater is discharged as it is, there is a risk of secondary pollution, so it must be treated to make it harmless, and each process to collect this type of mercury is Since this was a pollution control measure, it was necessary to avoid leaking even a small amount of harmful substances outside the system.

本発明は、このように廃棄物中に含まれる水銀を気化し
て捕集するに際し、生成される水銀を含む排水を系外に
排出させることなく、系内において無害化し、水銀含有
廃棄物及びその処理系からの水銀のリークを実質的に無
くし、二次公害を完全に防止できる方法を提供しようと
するものである。
In this way, when mercury contained in waste is vaporized and collected, the present invention detoxifies the generated mercury-containing waste water within the system without discharging it outside the system, and makes the mercury-containing waste and The aim is to provide a method that can substantially eliminate mercury leakage from the treatment system and completely prevent secondary pollution.

〔問題点を解決するための手段及び作用〕本発明は、水
銀含有廃棄物を加熱部にて加熱して水銀を含むガスを発
生せしめ、該発生ガス中の水銀を捕集して処理する系に
おいて、生成される水銀を含む排水を前記処理系の水銀
を捕集する前流の系内に返送することを特徴とする水銀
を含む廃棄物の処理方法を提供するも゛のであって、廃
棄物中の水銀を気化して効率よく捕集すると共に、生成
された水銀を含む排水を処理系内に返送して気化水銀と
共に捕集し、同時に処理系内の処理促進に役立て、リー
ク水銀による二次公害を防止するものである。
[Means and effects for solving the problems] The present invention provides a system for heating mercury-containing waste in a heating section to generate mercury-containing gas, and collecting and treating mercury in the generated gas. The present invention provides a method for treating waste containing mercury, characterized in that wastewater containing mercury generated is returned to a system upstream of the treatment system that collects mercury, the method comprising: In addition to vaporizing and efficiently collecting mercury in materials, wastewater containing mercury generated is returned to the treatment system and collected together with the vaporized mercury. This is to prevent secondary pollution.

〔実施例〕〔Example〕

本発明の一実施例を図面を参照しながら説明すれば、水
銀含有廃棄物、例えば使用済み廃乾電池は、前処理装置
1に原料受槽(図示せず)を介して投入され、前処理装
置1内では破砕分別機等で金属の外装が外され、篩分法
、磁選法、反発法、静電分離法などにより、適宜金属部
と水銀を含む電極部及び電解質部とに大別される。
To explain one embodiment of the present invention with reference to the drawings, mercury-containing waste, for example, used waste dry batteries, is input into a pretreatment device 1 via a raw material receiving tank (not shown). Inside, the metal exterior is removed using a crushing and sorting machine, and the metal part is roughly divided into a metal part, an electrode part containing mercury, and an electrolyte part by a sieving method, magnetic separation method, repulsion method, electrostatic separation method, etc.

金属以外の部分はフィーダ等により前処理装置1内の原
料供給部(図示iず)に送られ、ここでアルカリ性物質
が添加され混合される。アルカリ性物質が添加された廃
棄物は、前処理装置1内の原料供給部からフィーダ等で
加熱炉2に投入され、ここでマイクロ波発生装置3から
のマイクロ波がマイクロ波導管4を通して加熱炉2中の
廃棄物に照射されて加熱され、廃棄物中に含まれる水分
、炭素質物及び添加したアルカリ性物質の一部は、マイ
クロ波を選択的に吸収して廃棄物の加熱が効率よく行わ
れる。
The non-metal parts are sent to a raw material supply section (not shown) in the pretreatment device 1 by a feeder or the like, where an alkaline substance is added and mixed. The waste to which alkaline substances have been added is fed into the heating furnace 2 via a feeder or the like from the raw material supply section in the pretreatment device 1, where microwaves from the microwave generator 3 pass through the microwave conduit 4 to the heating furnace 2. The waste in the microwave is irradiated and heated, and the water, carbonaceous material, and a part of the added alkaline material contained in the waste selectively absorb the microwaves, thereby efficiently heating the waste.

この加熱炉2における加熱は、後述する水銀回収容器5
の緩流の吸引ファン6からのリサイクルガスを導入しつ
つ、かつ攪拌羽根等により攪拌しながら行うことによっ
て、廃棄物中の水銀の気化が促進される。jn熱温度と
しては100〜700℃、通常好ましくは350〜55
0℃で廃棄物の種類により最適温度範囲は異なる。例え
ば、水銀が単味として含まれる場合は比較的低い温度、
また水銀がアマルガム化や吸着剤と強く結合している場
合、あるいは水銀化合物として存在している場合は比較
的高い温度とする。
The heating in this heating furnace 2 is performed by a mercury recovery container 5 which will be described later.
The vaporization of mercury in the waste is promoted by introducing the recycled gas from the slow-flow suction fan 6 and stirring with a stirring blade or the like. The thermal temperature is 100 to 700°C, usually preferably 350 to 55°C.
The optimum temperature range differs depending on the type of waste at 0°C. For example, if mercury is included as a single component, the temperature is relatively low;
In addition, when mercury is amalgamated, strongly bound to an adsorbent, or exists as a mercury compound, the temperature is relatively high.

加熱炉2にて発生した水銀を含むガスは、要すれば水ス
プレィなどで適温に調整されたのち水銀回収部7に導か
れ、ガス中の水銀のほとんどが分離され、分離された水
銀は水銀回収容器5の後流の吸引ファン6によって吸引
されて水銀回収容器5に回収され、また、吸引ファン6
からのガスは加熱炉2にリサイクルガスとして送られ、
加熱炉2における加熱効率向上のために作用させる。
The mercury-containing gas generated in the heating furnace 2 is adjusted to an appropriate temperature by water spray, if necessary, and then led to the mercury recovery section 7, where most of the mercury in the gas is separated, and the separated mercury is The mercury is sucked by the suction fan 6 downstream of the collection container 5 and collected in the mercury collection container 5.
The gas from is sent to heating furnace 2 as recycled gas,
It acts to improve the heating efficiency in the heating furnace 2.

このようにして、水銀を含むガス中の水銀のほとんどは
、水銀回収容器5に回収されるが、極微量の残留水銀を
含むガス(空気、水蒸気、アンモニアなど)は、吸引フ
ァン8によって吸引され、水銀回収部7から水銀除去部
9に送られ、ここで残留する極微量の水銀を実質的に無
視できる濃度以下になるまで除去する。
In this way, most of the mercury in the mercury-containing gas is collected into the mercury recovery container 5, but the gas containing a trace amount of residual mercury (air, water vapor, ammonia, etc.) is sucked out by the suction fan 8. The mercury is sent from the mercury recovery section 7 to the mercury removal section 9, where the extremely small amount of mercury remaining is removed until it reaches a substantially negligible concentration.

前記実施例における水銀回収部7及び水銀除去部9にお
ける水銀の捕集は、先に本発明者が提案し出願されてい
る(特願昭59−180411号1、特願昭51−25
0594号、特願昭60−94852号)冷却法、膜分
離法、アマルガム化法の何れかを用いるのが有効であり
、廃棄物の種類、経済性、回収品質等を考慮しながら条
件を選定する。例えば、水銀回収部7で経済的に高純度
の水銀を回収するには、冷却法にあっては温度250 
”C以下、好ましくは150℃以下で行い、膜分離法に
あっては温度350℃以下、好ましくは200°C以下
で行い、アマルガム化法では温度350°C以下、好ま
しくは200℃以下で行うとよい。また水銀除去部9で
残留した水銀を除去するためには、水銀回収部7におけ
る方法と同一方法を条件を変えて行うことができ、例え
ば、冷却法を用いるときは温度50℃以下、好ましくは
10℃以下で行うとよい。一般に、水銀回収部7では冷
却法又は膜分離法を用い、水銀除去部9では冷却法又は
アマルガム化法を用いることが好ましい。
The collection of mercury in the mercury recovery section 7 and the mercury removal section 9 in the above embodiment was previously proposed and filed by the present inventor (Japanese Patent Application No. 180411/1983, Japanese Patent Application No. 25/1983).
No. 0594, Japanese Patent Application No. 60-94852) It is effective to use the cooling method, membrane separation method, or amalgamation method, and the conditions should be selected while considering the type of waste, economic efficiency, recovery quality, etc. do. For example, in order to economically recover high-purity mercury in the mercury recovery section 7, the cooling method requires a temperature of 250
In the membrane separation method, it is carried out at a temperature of 350°C or less, preferably 200°C or less, and in the amalgamation method, it is carried out at a temperature of 350°C or less, preferably 200°C or less. In addition, in order to remove residual mercury in the mercury removal section 9, the same method as in the mercury recovery section 7 can be carried out under different conditions.For example, when using the cooling method, the temperature is 50°C or less. , preferably at 10° C. or lower. Generally, it is preferable that the mercury recovery section 7 uses a cooling method or a membrane separation method, and the mercury removal section 9 uses a cooling method or an amalgamation method.

かくて、水銀除去部9においては、水銀回収部7で回収
しきれずに残留した極微量の水銀が除去され、実質的に
無視できる濃度以下になったガスは、吸引ファン8によ
ってガス洗浄塔10に至り、アンモニアその他の成分が
洗浄除去されたのち、煙突11から放出される。
In this way, in the mercury removal section 9, the extremely small amount of mercury that remained after being not completely recovered in the mercury recovery section 7 is removed, and the gas whose concentration has become substantially negligible or less is sent to the gas cleaning tower 10 by the suction fan 8. After the ammonia and other components are washed away, it is released from the chimney 11.

なお、水銀回収器5に回収された水銀は純度が高いとき
は、そのまま再利用が可能であり、また水銀除去部9で
除去された水銀は精製(アマルガム化法を適用したとき
には、加熱により水銀をガス化し捕集する)されて再利
用することができる。
In addition, when the mercury recovered in the mercury recovery device 5 has high purity, it can be reused as is, and the mercury removed in the mercury removal section 9 can be purified (when the amalgamation method is applied, mercury is removed by heating). gasified and collected) and can be reused.

このような一連の処理系において、前処理装置1では廃
棄物の種類、性状などによっては、粉じんの発生を防止
するために水スプレィを併用し、また金属部等に付着水
銀がある場合には水洗浄を併用するために、水銀を含有
する排水が生成する。
In such a series of treatment systems, the pretreatment device 1 uses water spray to prevent dust generation depending on the type and properties of the waste, and also sprays water if there is mercury attached to metal parts etc. Due to the combined use of water cleaning, mercury-containing wastewater is generated.

また水銀回収容器5での回収水銀は、運転条件によって
は水分を含有し、水銀を含む排水が生成する。例えば、
水銀回収部7での温度が低すぎると、凝縮水が同伴しや
すく、さらに水銀除去部9においては、冷却法などを採
用して温度が低すぎると凝縮水が水銀に含有されやすい
Further, the mercury recovered in the mercury recovery container 5 may contain water depending on the operating conditions, and waste water containing mercury is generated. for example,
If the temperature in the mercury recovery section 7 is too low, condensed water is likely to be entrained therein, and if the temperature in the mercury removal section 9 is too low by employing a cooling method, the condensed water is likely to be contained in mercury.

このように、一連の処理系で生成した水銀を含む排水は
、別途処理することなく、処理系内の水銀回収部7の前
流にフィードバックして廃棄物中の水銀ど同時に捕集す
るようにする。即ち、水銀を含む排水を加熱炉2の前流
で前処理装置1の後方に添加して加熱炉2への廃棄物と
共に投入した場合には、水銀含有廃棄物が固定状で輸送
困難なときに排水の添加によって廃棄物は湿潤状態とな
り、取扱い及び加熱炉2への供給が容易となり、加熱炉
2の廃棄物供給部のシールも良好となり、さらに加熱炉
2における加熱源としてマイクロ波を用いるときは、水
がマイクロ波を吸収して発熱作用を促進させ、熱効率が
よくなり、均一加熱の効果がみられる。また、加熱炉2
の後流の水銀回収部7の入口に投入した場合には、加熱
炉2で発生したガスの温度調節を行うことができるから
有利である。
In this way, the wastewater containing mercury generated in a series of treatment systems is fed back to the upstream of the mercury recovery section 7 in the treatment system and collected together with the mercury in the waste, without having to be treated separately. do. In other words, if wastewater containing mercury is added upstream of the heating furnace 2 and after the pretreatment device 1 and thrown into the heating furnace 2 together with the waste, it may be difficult to transport the mercury-containing waste in a fixed form. By adding waste water to the waste, the waste becomes moist, making it easier to handle and feed into the heating furnace 2, and the sealing of the waste feed section of the heating furnace 2 becomes better.Furthermore, microwaves are used as a heating source in the heating furnace 2. In this case, water absorbs microwaves and promotes heat generation, improving thermal efficiency and producing uniform heating effects. In addition, heating furnace 2
When the mercury is introduced into the inlet of the mercury recovery section 7 downstream of the heating furnace 2, it is advantageous because the temperature of the gas generated in the heating furnace 2 can be controlled.

処理系で生成された水銀を含む排水の系内への返送に際
し、その投入位置が加熱炉2の前流か後流かの選択は、
水銀含有廃棄物の種類(例えば、種類によって供給部と
加熱炉の接合部のシールが問題となる場合には、前流投
入とし排水供給によりシールを行う)、水銀捕集方法、
水銀捕集条件(ガス温の調整温度など)、加熱方法等に
よって適宜定めることができ、また加熱部2の前流と後
流の両方で行ってもよい。
When returning mercury-containing wastewater generated in the treatment system to the system, the choice of whether to introduce it into the upstream or downstream of the heating furnace 2 is as follows:
Types of mercury-containing waste (for example, if sealing the joint between the supply section and the heating furnace is a problem depending on the type, the seal should be performed by inputting the wastewater upstream and supplying wastewater), the mercury collection method,
The mercury collection conditions (adjusted gas temperature, etc.), the heating method, etc. can be determined as appropriate, and the mercury collection may be performed both upstream and downstream of the heating section 2.

〔発明の効果〕〔Effect of the invention〕

以上述べたように、本発明により水銀含有廃棄物を加熱
して水銀を気化したのち補集する処理系において生成し
た水銀を含む排水を、処理系内に返送することによって
、別途に処理装置を要することなく、廃棄物中の水銀と
共に排水中の水銀も捕集されるばかりでなく、該処理系
での処理を極めて有利にし、二次公害の問題を解消する
無公害システムを確立することができるものである。
As described above, according to the present invention, mercury-containing wastewater generated in a treatment system that heats mercury-containing waste to vaporize mercury and then collects it is returned to the treatment system, thereby requiring a separate treatment device. Not only will the mercury in the wastewater be collected along with the mercury in the waste, but the treatment system will be extremely advantageous, and it will be possible to establish a pollution-free system that eliminates the problem of secondary pollution. It is possible.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

図面は本発明の一実施例を示す系統説明図である。 1・・・前処理装置、2・・・加熱炉、3・・・マイク
ロ波発生装置、4・・・マイクロ波導管、5・・・水銀
回収容器、6・・・吸引ファン、7・・・水銀回収部、
8・・・吸引ファン、9・・・水銀除去部、10・・・
ガス洗浄塔、11・・・煙突。
The drawing is a system explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Pretreatment device, 2... Heating furnace, 3... Microwave generator, 4... Microwave conduit, 5... Mercury recovery container, 6... Suction fan, 7...・Mercury recovery department,
8... Suction fan, 9... Mercury removal section, 10...
Gas cleaning tower, 11...chimney.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1、水銀及び、又は水銀化合物を含む廃棄物を、加熱部
にて加熱して水銀を含むガスを発生せしめ、該発生ガス
中の水銀を捕集して処理する系において、生成される水
銀を含む排水を前記処理系の水銀を捕集する前流の系内
に返送することを特徴とする水銀を含む廃棄物の処理方
法。 2、前記水銀を含む排水を前記処理系内の前記加熱部の
前流及び、又は後流に返送するものである特許請求の範
囲第1項記載の水銀を含む廃棄物の処理方法。 3、前記水銀の捕集が、水銀回収工程とその後の水銀除
去工程からなり、それぞれの工程を冷却法、膜分離法及
びアマルガム化法から選ばれた方法にて行うものである
特許請求の範囲第1項又は第2項記載の水銀を含む廃棄
物の処理方法。 4、前記水銀回収工程を冷却法又は膜分離法で行い、前
記水銀除去工程を冷却法又はアマルガム化法で行うもの
である特許請求の範囲第3項記載の水銀を含む廃棄物の
処理方法。
[Claims] 1. A system in which waste containing mercury and/or mercury compounds is heated in a heating section to generate a gas containing mercury, and the mercury in the generated gas is collected and treated. . A method for treating waste containing mercury, characterized in that the produced wastewater containing mercury is returned to a system upstream of the treatment system that collects mercury. 2. The method for treating waste containing mercury according to claim 1, wherein the waste water containing mercury is returned to the upstream and/or downstream of the heating section in the treatment system. 3. The claim that the mercury collection consists of a mercury recovery step and a subsequent mercury removal step, and each step is performed by a method selected from a cooling method, a membrane separation method, and an amalgamation method. A method for treating waste containing mercury according to item 1 or 2. 4. The method for treating waste containing mercury according to claim 3, wherein the mercury recovery step is performed by a cooling method or a membrane separation method, and the mercury removal step is performed by a cooling method or an amalgamation method.
JP60284276A 1985-12-19 1985-12-19 Treatment of mercury-containing waste Pending JPS62144794A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP60284276A JPS62144794A (en) 1985-12-19 1985-12-19 Treatment of mercury-containing waste

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP60284276A JPS62144794A (en) 1985-12-19 1985-12-19 Treatment of mercury-containing waste

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS62144794A true JPS62144794A (en) 1987-06-27

Family

ID=17676433

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP60284276A Pending JPS62144794A (en) 1985-12-19 1985-12-19 Treatment of mercury-containing waste

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS62144794A (en)

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