JPS62141164A - Production of flexible composite sheet - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a flexible composite sheet.

[Prior Art] Conventionally, in order to obtain a flexible composite sheet similar to natural leather, the fiber sheet used as a material has been made by integrating high-density and soft non-woven fabrics, woven or knitted fabrics, or single fibers and woven or knitted fabrics. The fibers constituting Sheet 1~ are also extremely thin. In addition, in order to obtain functional performance and a satisfying feel, fibrous sheets have been simultaneously provided with a flexible polymeric elastomer such as polyurethane that has high physical properties. For this reason, recently, composite sea 1~
It is now possible to obtain relatively high-quality products.

However, since this composite sheet contains a coarse and continuous polymeric elastic film between fibers and/or fiber bundles, it is clearly inferior to natural leather in terms of flexibility and drapability.

In recent years, demands on the demand side have been diverse, and in fields where dressy silhouettes are required, flexibility and drapability are particularly important and necessary characteristics. For this reason, these properties, which are inferior to those of natural leather, have long been an issue to be improved. In order to eliminate the drawbacks of such composite sheets, various proposals have been made and improvements have been made to some extent, but they are still far from satisfactory. Proposals for softening and improving the texture include, for example, the use of porous polyurethane, or the addition of softeners and porosity agents to polyurethane (Japanese Patent Publications No. 45-20790, No. 46).
-2593, 48-4940, 52-49042, etc.), a method of applying polyurethane after applying a smoothing agent or a material having mold release properties to fiber sheets 1 to 1 (Japanese Patent Publication No. 5
8-45502, 59-21989, etc.), a method in which polyurethane is applied to a sheet of ultrafine fiber-generating composite fibers made of two types of polymer components with different solubility, and then one component is removed (Tokuko Sho 48-19922, etc.), and a method of mechanically rolling a composite sheet.However, in all of the composite sheets made flexible by these proposals, the elastic polymer material provided inside the sheet has a continuous structure. The flexibility of the composite sheet is low, and if sufficient flexibility is to be imparted using these methods, important properties such as mechanical performance and dimensional stability as a composite sheet, in addition to appearance quality, sense of fullness, and workability, must be achieved. However, this technique had the disadvantage that it could not be put to practical use due to a decrease in the temperature.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The present invention aims to improve the dimensional stability and mechanical performance of the sheet when making the composite sheet 1~, which is a fiber sheet with a polymeric elastic material, improved. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a flexible composite sheet with significantly improved softening efficiency.

[Means for Solving the Problems] As a result of intensive studies by the present inventors regarding the above problems,
We have arrived at the present invention.

That is, the present invention provides a flexible composite sheet characterized in that after applying a binder liquid containing a polymeric elastic material to the fiber sheets 1 to 1, the sheet is subjected to high-speed fluid treatment while being stretched in the length and/or width direction. The present invention relates to the manufacturing method of 1 to 1.

The present invention will be explained in detail below.

The composite sheet in the present invention refers to a fiber sheet mainly provided with a polymeric elastic material. A tense state means a state in which the seams 1 to 1 cannot freely contract in the length and/or width direction during high-speed fluid processing.

When a high-speed fluid is injected onto a composite sheet, part or all of the elastic polymer in the sheet is finely divided, making the composite sheet extremely flexible. This inevitably leads to an increase in the degree of alignment of molecular elastic bodies in the thickness direction, or to a phenomenon in which they become disordered. This phenomenon worsens the dimensional stability of the process or the sheet, reduces the mechanical performance of the sheet, and also causes a decrease in the splitting efficiency of the polymer elastic material due to high-speed fluid processing, that is, the softening efficiency. be.

In the present invention, these problems can be significantly improved or improved by subjecting the composite sheet to high-speed fluid treatment while being stretched in the lengthwise and/or widthwise direction.

The reasons for improving or improving such performance are as follows:
It can be considered as follows. In other words, when the composite sheet 1- is treated with a high-speed fluid under tension, the degree of alignment in the thickness direction of the fibers and polymeric elastic body constituting the composite sheet is suppressed.

In other words, this action divides the polymer elastic body while maintaining alignment in the length direction and/or width direction at a certain level, thereby reducing the dimensional stability and mechanical performance of Sea 1~. It can be prevented. Particularly when high-speed fluid processing is performed after solidification, the polymeric elastic bodies in the sheets 1 to 1 are hit by the high-speed fluid in a tensed state, so that the polymeric elastic bodies are efficiently divided. This can be easily understood from the fact that it becomes easier to cut the wound when the rubber thread is stretched.

The present invention can soften the composite sheets 1 to more efficiently than in the case of high-speed fluid treatment in a non-tensioned state.
To obtain the same degree of flexibility, the conditions for high-speed fluid processing can be made weaker.

That is, it becomes possible to lower the pressure, lower the density of offices, reduce the diameter of the orifice, increase the processing speed of sheets, etc., and the processing can be carried out economically.

Methods of tensioning the sheet include applying a constant tension in the longitudinal direction of the sheet 1 through, for example, using a tension adjustment device such as a dangling roller, gripping the sheet at two points using rollers, or tightening the sheet between the rollers. Generally, it is preferable to use a method such as adding a speed ratio. Alternatively, tension may be naturally applied to the long seams 1 to 1, such as on the wheels of the long seams 1 to 1, or by process tension due to the load when passing through a machine.

On the other hand, in the width direction, for example, a width adjusting device or a width expanding device is preferably used, which is equipped with pins, clips, etc. for gripping both sides of the sheet in the width direction and conveying the sheet while applying tension in the width direction.

The means for applying tension to these sheets is not particularly limited;
Either method may be used.

The present invention can be achieved with regard to the degree of tension applied to the sheets 1 to 1, if shrinkage of the sheet due to high-speed fluid processing is suppressed, but since the degree of tension greatly affects the properties of the sheet, it depends on the application.
It is important to select appropriate conditions according to the purpose. If the tension is too strong, it is not preferable because it may cause unevenness in the basis weight and thickness of the sheet or cause damage to the sheet. On the other hand, if it is too weak, the object of the present invention cannot be achieved.

Specifically speaking, the tensile load applied to Sea 1~ is 59~5 kcJ/in both the length direction and/or width direction.
Cm is preferred, and 5oQ~2 to 9/Cm is particularly preferred. The preferred conditions from the dimensional change rate and area change rate are:
It is as follows.

The values of the following formulas (I) and (■) for the dimensional change rate, and the following formula (I) for the area change rate are both 15 to 1.
It is preferably 50%, and particularly preferably 0 to 30%.

(X2-Xl)/XlX100 ・(I)(V
2-Vl) /”ylX 100...(I
I)(X2)/2/XI 'y1-1)X100・(
I [I) Here, x1: ti1 Sheet length direction dimension before treatment x2: After treatment yl: Sheet width direction dimension before treatment y2: After treatment The larger this rate of change, the better the present invention. Although the effect tends to be large, if it is too large, the problems described above will occur, so it is preferable to keep it within the above range.

When performing high-speed fluid treatment in multiple steps, the high-speed fluid treatment in which the sheet is kept under tension can be achieved by performing the treatment once, even if the sheet is not subjected to the treatment process. In this case, it is preferable to apply the present invention to the last process performed multiple times.

High-speed fluid treatment is performed under such tension conditions, and specifically, treatment is performed with high-speed fluid injected from an orifice before, during, and/or after solidifying or hardening after applying the polymer elastic body. . The present invention can be applied to the treated sheets 1 to 10 whether they are in a wet state or in a dry state. The fluid to be injected may be of any type as long as it does not significantly damage, denature, or dissolve the fibers and polymeric elastomer, but water or warm water is usually used from the viewpoint of ease of handling and economical efficiency. This is a suitable method. Of course, additives may be added to the fluid for the purpose of preventing friction loss or increasing the jetting effect.

The hole shape of the injection orifice is not particularly limited, and any shape is applicable, but it is generally circular. In the case of a circular shape, the diameter is 0.05 to 3 mm,
Particularly preferably used is 0.1 to 1.0 mm. The fluid injection pressure depends on the orifice diameter, the distance between the orifice and the processing surface, the processing speed of Sea 1~, the basis weight and thickness of the sheet,
It may be adjusted as appropriate depending on the type and amount of the polymeric elastomer, the state of adhesion, the type of fluid, etc., but in general, the
It is 500kq/-. When the fluid is aqueous, the range preferably used is ]0 to 300 kq/-. Even if the injection pressure is too low, the purpose of the present invention will not be achieved, and if the injection pressure is too high, the processing sheet 1 will not be achieved.
This is not preferable because it not only causes a decrease in the mechanical strength of the seams 1 to 1 but also makes fluid jet marks noticeable and impairs the surface quality of the seams 1 to 1. The distance between the orifice and the processing seam is usually 10
~100mm. If the distance is too large, the energy loss of the ejected fluid will increase and the processing efficiency will be degraded, and if the distance is too small, it will cause fluid ejection marks. Usually, a plurality of orifices are arranged in the width direction of the processing sheet 1 to form an oscillating machine groove for uniform processing. Regarding rocking, XY is performed not only in the width direction but also in the traveling direction.
Axial rocking is particularly preferred. In addition, the injection angle of high-speed fluid is
The angle is usually 90 degrees ±45 degrees with respect to the sea 1~ surface, but may be adjusted as appropriate depending on the processing effect or the application of the treated sea 1~.

The treatment of the polymer elastomer-applied sheet with a high-speed fluid may be performed only on one side, or may be performed on both sides.

In addition, when the sheet consists of a non-woven base [sheet 1
~ It may be sliced into multiple pieces along the surface and then processed.

Furthermore, the treatment may be carried out after the sheet 1- is subjected to a napping process, a dyeing process, or a silver surface imparting process (a process for attaching a film to the sheet surface).

The fiber sheet used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and there are needle-punched nonwoven fabrics produced by conventionally known methods, water-jet punched nonwoven fabrics, sheets made by intertwining short fibers with woven or knitted fabrics, and sheets in which some of the fibers are entangled. Any of fused sheets, flocked sheets, long fiber nonwoven fabrics, woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, etc. can be applied. Flexibility from the form of intertwining of fibers,
The present invention can be particularly effectively achieved with a nonwoven fabric having a sheet structure that is difficult to drape.

Furthermore, there are no particular limitations on the fibers that make up the sheet, such as polyamide (nylon), polyester,
Synthetic fibers such as polyacryloni, polyethylene, and polypropylene, recycled fibers such as viscose rayon and cupro, semi-synthetic fibers such as acetate, wool, cotton,
Any natural fiber such as hemp can be used. Among these, synthetic fibers that can be easily made into fine fibers are particularly desirable, and from the standpoint of practical performance, nylon and polyester are particularly suitable fibers.

The thickness of the fiber is not particularly limited, as long as it is a fiber for general clothing, but from the point of view of flexibility, the single fiber thickness is preferably 1 d or less, and particularly preferably 0.3 d or less.

Preferably used ultrafine fibers include 1q of the following composite fibers. For example, a polymer array fiber (Japanese Patent Publication No. 44-18
369), Blend spun fiber (Special Publication No. 41-1163)
1>, easy-sliding composite fibers (Japanese Patent Publication No. 48-28005), which are formed by adjoining two types of polymers with low compatibility with each other. Further, there are ultrafine fibers such as acrylic fibers obtained by wet spinning with a spinneret made of a sintered metal fiber sheet and then stretching, polyester fibers produced by ultra-stretching, and polyester fibers produced by melt blowing.

When sea-island type or easy-sliding type composite fibers are used, processing the composite fibers into ultrafine fibers can be carried out at any stage of the process. In the present invention, it is particularly preferable to carry out the treatment before physically dividing the elastic polymer membrane.

The weight per unit weight of the fiber sheet 1~ is not limited to any size as long as it is within the range of 1q for practical use, but it is usually 70~ for the actual remaining fiber seedlings.
500 CI/m2 is preferred. The fiber sheet before being coated with the polymeric elastic material may be subjected to shrinkage processing or compression processing in order to give the composite sheet a sense of fullness. In order to further improve the properties, water-soluble polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol and carboxymethyl cellulose may be added.

Examples of the polymeric elastomer to be applied to the fiber sheet include polyurethane, di-lyl-butadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, butyl rubber, neoprene, acrylic rubber, silicone rubber, natural rubber, polyamide copolymer, and fluorine-based elastomer. etc. can be mentioned. By dividing the elastomeric polymer membrane, the elastomer-imparted sheet can be easily made into a flexible structure, so the selection range of elastomer polymers can be made wider than ever before, but it is possible to From the standpoint of reliability and practical performance, polyurethane is particularly preferred. The polymeric elastomer may be in any form of solution type, colloid, dispersion type such as emulsion, latex, or suspension. Moreover, the polymeric elastomer may be used alone or in combination of two or more. In addition, pigments and other additives may be added to the polymer elastomer.

The method of applying the polymeric elastomer to the fiber sheet is carried out by conventionally known methods such as impregnation, coating, and spraying. The polymeric elastic material applied to the sheet is solidified or hardened by dry or wet methods, but wet solidification is preferred from the standpoint of softening, and is a method easily applicable to the present invention.

The layer to which the polymeric elastic material is applied to the fiber sheet may be appropriately selected depending on the type of elastic material and the intended use of the product sheets 1 to 1, but it is usually 5 to 150% solid content based on the remaining fibers.
and preferably 10 to 100%.

With the above-described configuration, the present invention can provide composite seams 1 to 1 with high flexibility efficiency and good dimensional stability and mechanical performance.

[Example] Next, examples according to the present invention will be shown.

Physical properties in the present invention are measured by the following method.

(1) 5.1 of tensile strength crab J l5-11079
2゜(2) Bending resistance: 5.17 of J l5-L1079
A method (3) Drape coefficient: J l5-Ll 079 5°17 F method (4) Tear strong crab J l5-L1079 5.14 C method (5) Hemispherical plasticity test (residual strain): JIS- (
6) Brush abrasion: Thief abrasion tester according to ASTM D1175 Working load: 3628.2 CI Brush: Nylon brush length: 13mm Unless otherwise specified, "percentage" and "%" are all based on weight.

Example 1 Polymer array consisting of polyethylene terephthalate as the island component and polystyrene copolymer as the sea component, component ratio 50150, thickness 3.0 denier, number of islands 36, cut length 51 m, number of crimps 15 to 18 ridges/inch. Using raw cotton made of fibers, it is passed through a card and a cross wrapper to achieve a fabric weight of 585Q/
A web of m2 was produced. The web was needle punched at a needle density of 3000/- to obtain a nonwoven fabric sheet having a basis weight of 590 Q/m2 and an apparent density of 0.203 (17/nf).

This nonwoven fabric sheet was shrunk by passing it through hot water at 85°C.

The area shrinkage rate of the sheet at this time was 30%.

Then immersed in a 12% aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol,
Polyvinyl alcohol was applied to the nonwoven fabric sheet in a solid content of 23% by repeated squeezing with a mangle. This sheet was washed with trichlene to remove the sea component of the fibers and dried. The sheet was then immersed in a 12% polyurethane solution (solvent dimethylformamide) and then nipped with a mangle to apply the polyurethane solution, immediately after this.
The polyurethane was coagulated by introducing it into water. Next, polyvinyl alcohol and dimethylformamide were washed and removed in hot water. The amount of polyurethane adhesion due to these treatments was 31 parts per 100 parts of fiber. Next, while applying a tension of about 50 Q/Cm in the longitudinal direction to the seam 1- between a supply roll (two rolls) and a winder, a high-speed fluid treatment using water as a jet stream is applied from the front and back of the seam 1-. Each test was performed once. The conditions for high-speed fluid processing at this time are pressure = 50 kg / Cm, orifice diameter: 0.25
mm, m, orifice pitch: 2.5mm, swing width: 1
0mm, rocking cycle: 3 times/sec, processing speed: 25cm
/minute. Also, the dimensional change rate of Sea 1~ at this time was an extension of 5.7% in the length direction and a contraction of 2.3% in the width direction, and the area change rate was an increase of about 3.3%. Ta.

Thereafter, the sheet was passed through a slicer to form two sheets, and the sheet was further passed through a puff machine to form naps on the front and back sides. Subsequently, jet dyeing was carried out at 120'C for 160 minutes using a disperse dye to obtain a suede-like sheet.

As shown in Table 1, the obtained suede-like sheet was extremely flexible and had good drapability, and had good physical properties such as strength, dimensional stability, and abrasion resistance.

Example 2 Using the composite sheet prepared by coagulating the polyurethane of Example 1, high-speed fluid treatment was performed while applying tension in the width direction. The high-speed fluid treatment conditions at this time were the same as in Example 1, and the stretching conditions in the width direction were such that a clip tenter was used and the stretching rate was set at 5%. The elongation rate in the length direction was set to 0%.

As a result of this treatment, the dimensional change rate of Sea 1~ shrunk by about 1.2% in the length direction and expanded by 3.8% in the width direction.

Therefore, the area change rate increased by about 2.6%. The treated sheet was sliced, puffed, and sliced under the same conditions as in Example 1.
It was dyed to create a suede-like sheet.

The obtained suede-like sheet was flexible and had good drapability as in Example 1, and had good physical properties such as strength, dimensional stability, and abrasion resistance.

Comparative Example 1 The composite sheet prepared by coagulating the polyurethane of Example 1 was subjected to high-speed fluid treatment in a free state with no tension applied in both the length and width directions. During processing, special consideration was given to avoid applying tension in the length direction when passing through the machine and natural tension due to the sheet's own weight. The conditions for high-speed fluid treatment at this time were exactly the same as in Examples 1 and 2.

As a result of this treatment, the sheet shrank by 4% in the length direction and by 2% in the width direction. Therefore, the area change rate is approximately 6.1
% decrease. Furthermore, the edges of the sheet had a wavy shape. The treated sheets were subjected to the slicing, puffing, and dyeing steps under the same conditions as in Examples 1 and 2 to obtain suede-like sheets 1 to 1.

The obtained product had satisfactory flexibility and drapability, but physical properties such as strength, dimensional stability, and abrasion resistance were clearly inferior to those of Examples 1 and 2.

Table 1 [Effect of the invention] According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

(1) By applying high-speed fluid treatment to the polymer elastic material-added composite sheet while tensioning it in the length direction and/or width direction, it is flexible and drapeable, and has good dimensional stability, strong properties, and abrasion resistance. Composite seams 1 to 1 having mechanical properties such as the following are obtained.

(2) Composite sea! Since the polymeric elastic body in ~ is divided under tension, the composite sheet 1 ~ can be efficiently made flexible. Therefore, high-speed fluid processing can be performed more economically.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A method for producing a flexible composite sheet, which comprises applying a binder liquid containing an elastic polymer to a fiber sheet, and then subjecting the fiber sheet to high-speed fluid treatment while tensioning the fiber sheet in the length and/or width direction.