JPS62122545A - Harmful insect evading film or sheet - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a pest repellent film or sheet for agricultural, forestry or horticultural use that has a repellent effect on pests harmful to plants such as crops.

[Prior art]

Conventionally, when growing crops such as vegetables, flowers, and fruit trees, transparent or translucent polyethylene films, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer films, and soft vinyl chloride resin films have been used to cover greenhouses and tunnels, or to cover crops. It has been used to cover the ground for cultivation. The purpose of covering greenhouses and tunnels is to maintain high temperatures inside greenhouses and tunnels during low-temperature periods to promote crop growth, and to save energy in heating indoors during extremely cold periods. Covering the ground for crop cultivation, generally called mulching, is carried out for the purpose of retaining soil moisture, increasing soil temperature, and preventing fertilizer components from being washed away.

In recent years, with the spread and development of cover cultivation as described above, there has been a growing situation where harmful pests are flying to cultivated crops, becoming parasitic, and causing great damage.
Kyushu, F! In warm southwest regions such as the ErB, damage caused by southern yellow thrips and aphids is a serious problem.

Methods for controlling these pests have been proposed, such as using pesticides such as repellents and insecticides, and trapping them with traps using pheromones and colored tape, which have the effect of attracting pests. Some parts have been put into practical use.

[Problems to be solved by the invention] However, these methods also have problems. For example, when using pesticides, resistance develops in pests over time, and the development of pesticides with stronger insecticidal properties is repeated. As a result, there are inherent problems such as increased toxicity to humans and livestock, increased accumulation in soil, and other secondary issues such as environmental pollution.

As a pest control method that does not cause the above-mentioned problems, there is a method of controlling flying pests by covering cultivated crops or the ground with a film that is highly reflective of sunlight and is coated with a metal such as aluminum. A method of controlling pests in covered houses and tunnels using a film that blocks near-ultraviolet rays has been proposed and put into practical use.

However, regarding these methods, the former is not suitable for covering greenhouses or tunnels because the product cost is high, and although the light reflectance is high, the light transmittance is low. However, there is a problem in that it is not practical for crop cultivation except for special uses that take advantage of this property as the soil temperature rises, and the latter has excellent pest control effects in covered greenhouses and tunnels. There are restrictions on the crops that can be used, such as eggplants and flowers with poor coloration. Furthermore, the use of mulch has no pest control effect at all.

Means for Solving Problem L] In view of these conditions, the inventors of the present invention have conducted extensive studies with the aim of controlling pests that fly to and parasitize crops, and protecting and promoting the growth of cultivated crops. The present invention was achieved by discovering that ultraviolet rays of a specific wavelength reflected by specific inorganic or organic compounds are extremely effective in controlling pests.

The first objective of the present invention is to provide a pest repellent effect, but in addition to this, it is also possible to achieve high visible light transmittance depending on the application of the mallet.

That is, the present invention has a reflection spectrum in the ultraviolet region with a wavelength of less than 0.4 μm, and has a peak of the reflection spectrum in a wavelength of less than 0.4 μm, and its ultraviolet reflectance RA
and the visible light reflectance RB at a wavelength of 0.5 μm: RA/RB
This relates to a lumen or sheet having a value of 1.4 or more.

The present invention will be explained in detail below.

Although the raw material resin for the film of the present invention is not particularly limited,
Thermoplastic resin can be used.

Examples include low density polyethylene, high density polyethylene, ethylene-butene-1 copolymer, ethylene-4-methyl-pentene-1 copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer, Ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate
Ethylene homopolymers and copolymers such as methyl methacrylate copolymer and ethylene-ether acrylate copolymer, polypropylene, vinyl chloride resin, etc. can be used, and these can be used alone or in combination. It is possible.

゛The pest repellent film or sheet of the present invention may be of any type as long as it has the above-mentioned ultraviolet and visible light reflection spectra, but it is possible to use a specific inorganic or organic compound having such a reflection spectrum as above. It can be obtained by blending it with a resin and molding it.

Suitable inorganic compounds used in the present invention include wavelengths of 0
．． It has an ultraviolet reflectance at a wavelength of less than 4 μm, and more preferably has a reflection peak in this region, and the reflection spectrum characteristics of the film or sheet formed by blending the inorganic compound are ultraviolet rays at a wavelength of less than 0.4 μm. The ratio RA/RB of the reflectance RA to the visible light reflectance RB at wavelengths of 0 and 5 μm is 1.4 or more, more preferably 1.6 or more. If the RA/RB ratio is less than 1.4, the pest repellent effect is not sufficient. More preferably, the film or sheet containing the inorganic compound exhibits a visible light transmittance of 4096 or more, more preferably 60% or more. High visible light transmittance is particularly important in films and sheets used as covering materials for greenhouses and tunnels from the viewpoint of plant growth.

The inorganic compound used in the present invention may be any inorganic compound as long as it satisfies the above conditions, but for example,
Examples include titanate compounds such as potassium titanate, calcium titanate, magnesium titanate, barium titanate, strontium titanate, and lithium titanate, and zirconium compounds such as zirconium silicate and zirconium oxide.

Among these, potassium titanate, barium titanate, and zirconium silicate have high external ray reflectivity (high RA/
It is more preferable as it can satisfy both the RB ratio) and high visible light transmittance.

Further, these inorganic compounds may be in the form of powder or whiskers, but whiskers are more preferable from the viewpoint of the strength of the film and the light reflection characteristics.

The content of the inorganic compound is not necessarily limited as long as it satisfies the above requirements, but it is preferably 0.2 to 2.0% by weight, and further 0.5 to 5% by weight is high in ultraviolet reflection and visible light transmission. It is more preferable because it does not substantially interfere with.

The film or sheet of the present invention can be manufactured, for example, by the following steps.

Thermoplastic resin compositions containing inorganic compounds can be mixed using a normal Banbury mixer or two-roll mixer.
The film or sheet can be formed using a film or sheet processing machine such as ordinary blown silon film processing, 1-die film or sheet processing, or calendar processing.

In addition, in order to obtain a laminated film or sheet in which a transparent thermoplastic resin layer is provided on at least one side of a resin layer containing an inorganic compound, a resin containing an inorganic compound is produced using two extruders equipped with 2 m extrusion dies. Either the composition and the transparent thermoplastic resin composition are extruded separately to form a two-layer film or sheet, or the intermediate layer is an inorganic compound-containing resin layer using two extruders equipped with three-layer extrusion dies. A three-layer film or sheet can be formed by laminating one transparent thermoplastic resin layer on the inner and outer surfaces.

In the case of these laminated films or sheets, the resins of the intact compound-containing resin layer and the transparent resin layer may be the same or different.

In the writing repellent film of the present invention, the appropriate thickness of the inorganic compound-containing film is 20 to 100 μm from the viewpoint of the balance between performance and economy, and from the handling work surface. In the case of a film, the thickness of the inorganic compound-containing film layer is 5 to 50 μm.
.

The total film thickness of the laminated transparent film layer is 10~
The thickness is preferably 100 μm.

The thickness of the pest repellent sheet of the present invention is not necessarily limited,
Selected according to the purpose.

For applications that do not necessarily require visible light transparency, the insect repellent film may be used as a resin sheet, wood sheet, paper,
It can also be used by being attached to other base materials such as cloth, or if transparency is required, it can be used by being attached to a transparent resin sheet, glass, etc.

[Effects of the Invention] The pest repellent film or sheet of the present invention obtained as described above can be used for covering greenhouses and tunnels, for mulching crop cultivation surfaces, or as various pest repellent materials in the forestry and horticultural fields. It has the ability to reflect ultraviolet light at specific wavelengths, thereby exerting a repellent effect on crop pests such as aphids and southern thrips, as well as other pests.

[Examples] Next, the present invention will be explained with reference to Examples, but these Examples are merely illustrative and are not limited thereto.

Example 1 Low density polyethylene (density: 0.924 f//cd
.

,lk Tointec X (Nbl-): L, S
f / 10 minutes) 100 parts by weight of potassium titate, Wiyuka (Iyu 1 is also manufactured by Human Urine Chemical)
2 parts by weight 0.5 parts by weight of monoglycerol monostearate 0.1 parts by weight of the hindered amine weathering agent Tinuvin 622 was added to the above formulation, mixed in a 51 Banbury mixer at a resin temperature of 150 to 160°C for 10 minutes, and then mixed in an extruder. Granulated pellets were produced. Hereinafter, this mixture will be referred to as A mixed resin.

Next, using an inflator processing machine, a film having a thickness of 80 μm was obtained from the mixed resin A under conditions of a melting zone of 180° C. and a die temperature of 180° C.

The test results of film performance are shown in FIG. 1 and Tables 1-2.

Example 2 A film with a thickness of 20 μm was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the low density polyethylene was replaced with ethylene-butene-1 copolymer (density: 0.925 M·I·:2).
A film of m was obtained.

The test results of film performance are shown in FIG. 1 and Tables 1-2.

Example 8 Ethylene-butene-1 copolymer (density: 0.925, M
・I:2) 100 parts by weight potassium titanate whiskers (Tismo@D1 Otsuka Chemical)
5 parts by weight 0.8M 11 parts of monoglycerol monostearate 0.1 parts of Tisvin 622, a binder amine weathering agent, was added to the above formulation, and a mixed resin A was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1.

Further, using the same ethylene-butene-1 copolymer as above, granulated pellets without potassium titanate whiskers were obtained from the above.

Hereinafter, this mixed resin will be referred to as B mixed resin.

Next, using a two-layer blown film processing machine equipped with two extruders and a two-layer die, the above mixed resin A and B
The mixed resin is put into separate extruders, and the melting zone is 220℃.
A two-layer laminated film was molded at a die temperature of 200° C. while melting and adhering the mixed resin layer A and the mixed resin layer B in a two-layer die. The obtained film had a thickness composition ratio of A mixed resin layer/B mixed resin layer of 1/1, and a total thickness of 8.
It was a 0 micron bilayer film.

Film performance tests were conducted with the A mixed resin layer on the outside, and the results are shown in FIG. 1 and Tables 1 and 2.

Example 4 The A mixed resin and the B mixed resin used in Example 8 were mixed using a multilayer inflation silane film molding machine equipped with a two-type, three-layer inflation die, and the A mixed resin was passed through an extruder into the middle layer of the die. Melting zone of resin: 190”C, die temperature: 2
The B mixed resin was supplied to the inner and outer layers through the other extruder at a melting zone of 190°C and a die temperature of 190°C. By laminating, a three-layer laminated film having an inner layer of 5 μm, an intermediate layer of 10 μm, and an outer layer of 5 μm and a total film thickness of 20 μm was obtained. The performance of the obtained film is shown in FIG. 1 and Tables 1 and 2.

Example 5 A product with a thickness of 50 mm was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the potassium titanate whiskers were replaced with zirconium silicate (A-PAX manufactured by Kinsei Kogyo) 5 layers.
A μm film was obtained. The film performance test results are shown in Figure 1 and Tables 1-2.

Comparative Example 1 Using only the B mixed resin of Example 8, a single M
A transparent blown film was obtained. The test results of film performance are shown in FIG. 1 and Tables 1-2.

Comparative Example 2 Commercially available aluminum vapor-deposited polyethylene film (Reiko)
, 50 μm thick) to test film performance.

The results are shown in FIG. 1 and Tables 1 and 2.

The performance tests of the films shown in Examples and Comparative Examples were conducted in the following manner.

■ Total light transmittance The total light transmittance of the film was measured using a haze tester manufactured by Toyo Seiki.

(2) Ultraviolet and visible light reflectance The ultraviolet and visible light reflectance of the film was measured using a Hitachi self-recording spectrophotometer model 880.

■ Insect repellent effect Cucumbers are placed on cultivated crops by mulching film on ridges of 1 m wide, 10 m long, and 2051 cm high. I searched the middle).

■ Under the same mulching film as in the crop growth pest repellent effect test,
Examining the growth performance of cucumbers, the yield rate at harvest was 10% compared to bare soil.
It is shown as 0 and was 4 degrees.

Table 1 Total light transmittance of film ” Table 2 Pest repellency and crop growth

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1-a and 1-b show the film's ultraviolet to visible light (
A graph of reflectance for a wavelength of 0°2 to 0.8 μm is shown. Liquid- & (P) Same i-b Procedural amendment dated 1985/ρ Month 37 1, Indication of the case, Patent Application No. 185852, 1985 2, Name of the invention Pest repellent film or sheet 3, Person making the amendment Relationship to the incident Patent applicant address 5-15 Kitahama, Higashi-ku, Osaka Name (
209) Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. Representative Hideo Mori 4, Agent 5-15 Kitahama, Higashi-ku, Osaka - Within Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., jli, ")")"゛゛1 October 21, 1986 (shipment date) 6 , Drawing 7 subject to amendment, content of amendment as attached.

Claims (7)

[Claims] (1) It has a reflection spectrum with a reflection peak at a wavelength of less than 0.4 μm and a ratio RA/RB of the ultraviolet reflectance RA to the visible light reflectance RB at a wavelength of 0.5 μm of 1.4 or more. Features pest repellent film or sheet. (2) The pest repellent film or sheet according to claim 1, which has a visible light transmittance of 40% or more. (3) The pest repellent film or sheet according to claim 1, wherein the RA/RB ratio is 1.6 or more and the visible light transmittance is 60% or more. (4) The pest repellent film or sheet according to claim 1, which is formed by blending an inorganic compound with a thermoplastic resin. (5) The pest repellent film or sheet according to claim 4, wherein the inorganic compound is at least one titanate compound. (6) The pest repellent film or sheet according to claim 4, wherein the inorganic compound is at least one zirconium compound. (7) The insect repellent film or sheet according to claim 4, characterized in that a transparent resin layer is laminated on at least one side of the resin layer containing at least one of the inorganic compounds.