JPS62122510A - Transplantation apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a transplanting device for transplant cultivation of agricultural crops, which uses paper tube-aligned seedlings grown in seedling containers in which individual paper tubes are separably connected.

[Conventional technology]

There are various methods for transplant cultivation, but the method using paper tube seedlings is recognized as having great advantages. These paper tube seedlings usually use a seedling-raising container in which a large number of paper tubes are arranged in an orderly manner and connected in a separable manner, and the seedlings are raised by filling the container with soil and sowing seeds. Seedlings are separated and transplanted, allowing them to be transplanted while reliably retaining the fine soil. Moreover, a paper tube has been developed that rots within a short period of time after transplanting, so it is expected to be used for a variety of agricultural products. .

On the other hand, as the above-mentioned paper tube seedling transplanting machine, one that utilizes natural fall is desired from the viewpoint of high speed. -That is, originally,
Although it has been confirmed that slight variations in the spacing between plants and disturbances in planting posture do not have much effect on yield, transplant cultivation using paper tube seedlings is expected to dramatically increase yield, so conventionally, The accuracy of the spacing between plants and the accuracy of the planting posture, which have been required of transplanters, are now secondary, making it possible to adopt a natural fall method. Paper tube seedlings are much heavier, easier to fall, and easier to control their posture.Furthermore, paper tube seedlings are easy to separate from lined seedlings, making them suitable for high-speed separation.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

The first problem with the drop type transplanter is that it is difficult to correct the distortion of the paper tube alignment surface. Paper tube seedlings inevitably have some distortion due to their nature, and to correct this, the aligned seedlings are fed into the separating device while pressing the front side against the regulating device.

The force of this pressing must be at the level necessary to remove the distortion, but if it is not controlled sufficiently, the front of the paper cylinder alignment surface may be crushed or the front of the paper tube alignment surface may be crushed or Problems have arisen, such as the fact that it is too long to have a regulatory effect.

For example, in a method using a slope, this force is the component force of the paper cylinder alignment surface's own weight in the slope direction minus the frictional force between it and the slope. When the paper tubes become shorter, their own weight becomes significantly smaller, and the pressing force changes greatly due to differences in frictional force, the nature of the soil contained in the paper tube alignment surface, and the moisture content.

For example, in a method in which a conveyor is used, the feed amount is larger than necessary, and the paper cylinder alignment surface is slipped on the surface of the conveyor while the front surface is pressed against the regulating device, the frictional force between the paper cylinder alignment surface and the conveyor is The force becomes the force, but it fluctuates greatly due to the same factors as in the case of slopes.

Furthermore, for example, in a method in which the frictional force between the aligned seedlings and the conveyor is set to be large, and the excessive force is suppressed by slipping of the transmission part that transmits it to the conveyor, dynamic friction and static friction, which have a marked difference in magnitude, are irregular. , which again fluctuates greatly and is impossible to control sufficiently. - The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, provide a high-capacity, high-performance transplanting device, and dramatically expand transplant cultivation.

[Means for solving problems]

The transplanting device of the present invention is a transplanting device that separates and transplants individual paper tube seedlings from a paper tube alignment surface on which seedlings are grown in a seedling container in which individual paper tubes are separably connected, and supports the paper tube alignment surface. A seedling conveyor that sequentially sends out the paper tubes sent by the seedling conveyor, a seedling regulating device that receives the front surface of the paper tube alignment surface sent by the seedling conveyor and moves back at a constant speed while regulating the position of the front surface of the paper tube alignment surface, and this seedling regulating device. An elastic belt is stretched between a separation body that separates the received paper tube seedlings at the front end of the paper tube alignment surface at a predetermined position, and pulleys provided in the drive section of the seedling conveyor and the drive section of the seedling regulating device. It is equipped with an interlocking mechanism.

[Effect]

The present invention presses the front surface of the paper tube alignment surface supplied on the seedling conveyor with a constant pressure against a seedling regulating device that retreats at a constant speed.
The paper tube alignment surface is fed at a constant speed while correcting the distortion of the paper tube alignment surface, and the paper tube seedlings on each side are successively separated.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

6 and 7 show a paper tube alignment surface 1 used in the transplantation device of the present invention, and this paper tube alignment surface 1 arranges a large number of square tube-shaped paper tubes in an orderly manner in the left-right and front-back directions. Seedling containers are separably connected using water-soluble glue, the containers are filled with soil, seeds are sown, the seedlings are raised, and the seedlings are separated into individual paper tube seedlings 2 and transplanted.

Next, the transplant device will be explained.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 11 denotes a machine frame, and a tractor coupling part 12 is provided at the front upper part of the machine frame 11, and groove openers 13 are attached to both sides of the front lower part of the machine frame 11, and
Suppressing wheels 14 are supported by shafts 15 on both sides of the rear portion of the machine frame 11.

A seedling conveyor 21 is provided at the upper part of the hoe frame 11 and is inclined forward and downward. In this seedling conveyor 21, roller pulleys 25, 26 are supported at the front and rear of a conveyor frame 22 via shafts 23, 24, and an endless conveyor belt 27 is stretched between the front and rear roller pulleys 25, 26. A receiving plate 2 is placed at the front of the conveyor 21.
8 are arranged in a row.

An edge regulating device 31 is provided at the front of the receiving plate 28 . As shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 4, and FIG.
A large number of regulating plates 33 are fixed to the rotating shaft 32 at predetermined intervals at the center thereof. Each of the regulating plates 33 has a spiral outer peripheral surface, and has a notch 34 between its minimum radius and maximum radius, and a separation body 35 is formed at the end of the maximum radius. A needle 36 is provided to protrude from the end face of the separator 35 toward the notch 34 at an angle with respect to the rotational direction. Each of the regulating plates 33 is divided into a plurality of groups, two groups in the illustrated embodiment, and are sequentially arranged from one end of each group with equal phase differences.

As shown in FIG. 3, the seedling conveyor 21 and the seedling regulating device 4 31 are connected to each other with a slight angular difference in plan view, and are connected by an interlocking mechanism 37. This interlocking mechanism 37 includes a groove-shaped large diameter pulley 38 fixed to one end of the shaft 23 of the roller pulley 25 at the front part of the seedling conveyor 21, and a rotating shaft 38 of the regulating plate 33.
A small-diameter V-groove pulley 39 is fixed to one end, and a belt 4 made of elastic material such as rubber is attached between these pulleys 38 and 39.
0 is crossed.

A seedling holding device 41 is provided at the front of the seedling conveyor 21. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, this seedling holding device 41 holds approximately inverted U-shaped seedlings on the machine frame 11 via a support 42 against one side of each of the regulating plates 33. The base end portion of the presser spring 43 is fixed, and a plate-shaped or bottle-shaped protrusion 44 for pushing the spring 43 is provided on each of the regulating plates 33 .

A seedling scraping rest 45 is provided at the lower part of the seedling regulating device 31. This scraping rest 45 is as shown in FIG.
A rotating body 47 is rotatably provided on the n-frame 11 at a position below each of the regulating plates 33 with a shaft 46, and this rotating body 4
A scraping blade 48 is provided protruding from 7.

Then, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. The chain 54 is spanned, and the gear 55 attached to @52 of the upper sprocket 53 meshes with the gear 56 attached to the rotation 1i11132 of the regulation plate 33, and is attached to the rotation shaft 32 of the regulation plate 33. A large diameter gear 57 is meshed with a small diameter gear 58 attached to the shaft 46 of the seedling scraper 45.

Then, when the suppression wheel 14 rotates,! ! 1115, sprocket 51, chino 54, sprocket 53, shaft 52
, gear 55, gear 56, and each regulating plate 3 via the rotating shaft 32.
3 rotates. Further, the seedling scraping body 45 rotates from the rotation shaft 32 of the regulation plate 33 via the gear 57 and teeth rJ58.

Further, the pulley 38 is rotated via the belt 40 from the pulley 39 of the rotating shaft 32 of the regulating plate 33, and the roller pulley 25 is rotated via the shaft 23, so that the conveyor belt 27 of the seedling conveyor 21 is rotated.

A seedling guiding device 61 is provided below the seedling regulating device 31. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, this seedling guide device 61 has drop tubes 62 on both sides attached to the machine frame 11 in an inclined manner. This drop pipe 62 has an inlet 6 at the upper end.
3 is made wider, and the width is gradually narrowed toward the bottom, and a discharge port 64 is formed at the lower end, which is slightly wider than the height of the paper tube seedling 2, and from the front and both sides of this discharge port 64, A guide piece 65 is extended. The distance between the guide pieces 65 on both sides is gradually narrowed, and the end is formed to be slightly wider than the thickness of the paper tube seedling 2, and the above-mentioned discharge port 6
A notch opening 66 is provided on the lower back surface of the guide piece 65, and the cross section of the guide piece 65 is open at the rear and has a truncated shape.

Furthermore, a curved guide plate 67 is connected to the lower end of each of the drop tubes 62 and extends to the rear of each of the groove openers 13 .

Next, the operation will be explained.

When a tractor is connected to the tractor connecting portion 12 at the front of the machine frame 11 via a three-point link mechanism and pulled, a V-shaped planting groove 71 is formed in the field by the opening device 13, and
The suppression wheel 14 moves forward while rotating.

At the same time, the rotation of the suppression wheel 14 is transmitted to the rotating shaft 32 of the seedling regulating device @31, rotating each regulating plate 33, and
Each seedling scraping body 45 is rotated. Also, pulley 39.
3B and the conveyor belt 27 of the seedling conveyor 21 via the belt 40.

As a result, the paper cylinder alignment surface 1 placed on the conveyor belt 22 is sequentially sent forward, pressing the front surface of each paper cylinder seedling 2 in the R front row against the outer peripheral surface of each corresponding regulation plate 33 with a constant pressure. The front position of each paper tube seedling 2 in the front row is regulated.

The outer peripheral surface of the regulating plate 33 has a spiral curve, and the radius gradually decreases in proportion to the rotation angle, so by rotating at a constant speed, the radius decreases at a constant speed, and the seedling conveyor 11 at a constant speed while regulating the position of the front surface of the paper tube seedlings 2 in the front row on the paper tube alignment surface 1 fed by the paper tube alignment surface 1.
Retire. In this way, when one paper tube seedling 2 is sent to a predetermined position, the paper tube seedling 2 is located in the notch 34 of the regulation plate 33, and the end face of the separating body 35 is placed in the paper tube seedling. 2
It hits the upper surface and is pushed downward, and at the same time, the separator 350 needle 36 pierces the colored soil of the paper tube seedling 2, and when it pierces, it also pulls the upper part of the paper tube seedling 2 laterally with its slope. At the same time, the paper tubes are separated downward from the alignment surface 1. When separating the paper seedlings 2, if force is applied only downward, the separation will occur within the cutting area, resulting in large resistance and often destroying the paper tube, but in this way, it can be easily separated without strain. Moreover, by piercing the needle 36, the posture of the paper tube seedling 2 after separation can be adjusted.

Further, each regulation plate 33 of the seedling regulation device 31 is arranged on the paper tube alignment surface 1.
The separation points are arranged in a spiral pattern, corresponding to each paper tube seedling 2 included in the front row, and by arranging the separation points sequentially from one end with the same phase difference. The paper tube seedlings 2 are separated one by one from one end. The pitch of the spiral is equal to the length of one row in the front row when separating paper tube seedlings 2 one by one from the front part of the paper tube alignment surface 1, and the length of one row in the front row when separating two seedlings one by one. By setting the length of the row to 172, it is possible to separate two pieces at a time as shown in FIG. 3, and similarly, by arranging the regulating plates 33, three or more pieces can be separated.

Further, springs 43 for foil pressing are arranged for each paper tube seedling 2 in the front row of the paper tube alignment surface 1, and when the protrusion 44 hits the spring 43 due to the rotation of each regulating plate 33, the spring 43 springs. 43 is bent, and the lower part of the spring 43 presses the front surface of the paper tube seedling 2. At this time of year, the paper tube seedlings 2 next to each other are
This is when the paper tube seedlings 2 are separated, and the paper tube seedlings 2 adjacent to the seedlings to be separated are prevented from being lured out and separated irregularly.

Moreover, the paper tube seedlings 2 separated from the paper tube alignment surface 1 are
When reaching the lower position of the l plate 33, the scraping blades 48 of the seedling scraper 45 rotating at a constant speed come into contact with the upper surface of the paper tube seedling 2 stuck in the needle 36, and the paper tube seedling 2 is removed from the needle 36. It is extracted and placed into the drop tube 62. This drop tube 62 receives the paper tube seedlings 2 that fall within a certain width from the wide entrance 63 at the top, slides the paper tube seedlings 2 thrown in along the sloping bottom surface, and then slides the paper tube seedlings 2 downwards. The paper tube seedlings 2 that fall are concentrated by narrowing the width gradually as it goes to
It falls through the drop tube 26 and reaches the discharge port 64 at a constant speed.
The paper tube seedlings 2 flying out from the paper tube are further restricted by guide pieces 65 on both sides. At this time, since the width of the discharge port 64 is slightly wider than the width of the paper tube seedling 2, due to a coincidental condition, the paper tube seedling 2
Even if it falls over and falls, it will not cause a blockage.

Further, since the rear surface between the guide pieces 64 on both sides of the discharge port 64 is open and the cross section is formed in a diagonal shape, the paper tube seedlings 2 fall while falling and pass through the discharge port 64. It also falls backward and downward from the notch 066 and is prevented from being blocked.

Then, the paper tube seedlings 2 discharged from the drop tube 62 are transferred to the guide plate 6.
1, and the paper tube seedling 2 slides down along the slope 71a of the V-shaped planting groove 71 due to inertia, and the opposite slope 71b 1. : Collision and stop. In this state, the forward movement that had been performed together with the machine frame 11 is canceled due to friction with the slope 71b, and the machine frame 11 is left in place. In this way, the slope 7 of the planting groove 71
The paper tube seedlings 2 are placed one after another in 1a, and then the suppression wheel 14 runs along the side of the planting groove 71 to break up the soil that has piled up horizontally, and the seedlings are placed and lined up on the wall of the planting groove 71. Cover and compact the paper tube seedlings 2 with soil.

Next, the interlocking relationship between the seedling competition p21 and the seedling regulating device 31 will be explained.

As described above, the seedling conveyor 21 presses the front surface of the paper tube seedlings 2 in the front row against the outer peripheral surface of each regulation plate 33, and the paper tube aligned seedlings 1
The distortion of the front surface of the holder is corrected to maintain an accurate positional relationship with the separator 35, but the continuous VJ mechanism 37 keeps the pressing force constant.

That is, when the pulley 39 of the seedling regulating device 31 driven by the suppressing wheel 14 as a drive source rotates once, the roller pulley 38 of the seedling conveyor 21 is rotated slightly more than one pitch of the paper tube seedlings 2. The excess rotational force is absorbed by the elongation of the belt 40, and a constant force is applied to the paper tube seedling 2 at all times. Next, this will be explained in detail.

The radius of the roller pulley 25 is r25, the radius of the pulley 38 is r38, the radius of the pulley 39 is r39, and the width of each paper tube seedling is ρ. Since the pulley 38 is rotated by the pulley 39, when the pulley 39 rotates once together with the seedling regulating device 31, the pulley 38 is moved by 2·π·r39 on the circumference. The moving angle is jl/r38, which is 2·π·r 39/r 38 . If this is θ, the pulley 25 becomes the pulley 38
Since it is fixed to the same shaft 23 as
5, so 2・π・r 39/ r 38・r25.

Then, while the seedling regulating device 31 rotates once, the paper tube seedlings 2 are
Since it is necessary to feed one column, p=2・π・r 39/r 38Φr25. In other words, the radius of the pulley 39 is determined to satisfy these relationships.

However, in the case of the present invention, the radius of the pulley 39 is set to R39, which is larger than the value r39 obtained from such calculation, and the belt 40 is made of a material that is easily stretchable. When the seedling regulating device 31 rotates once under these conditions, the pulley 39
also rotates once and pulls the belt 4o by 2・π・R39, but the radius of pulley 38 and pulley 39 is r3.
It only rotates the same amount as when it was 9. because,
This is because even if the paper tube seedling 2 attempts to rotate more than this, the front surface of the paper tube seedling 2 cannot move forward due to the restriction of the outer periphery of the restriction plate 33.

Therefore, the belt 40 is moved by the difference between the two, that is, 2-7r-R39-2-7r-r39 = 2- π-(R39-r39), until it leaves the pulley 38 and starts reaching the pulley 39 (for a long time). (L) to stretch it. Then, each time the seedling regulating device 31 rotates once, this amount of elongation is accumulated.

The elongation rate when the seedling regulating device @31 rotates N is 2・yr
-(R39-r39) -N/L=E. and,
When this elongation rate reaches E=R39/r39, the elongation no longer reaches MFA and an equilibrium state is reached.

This is because the belt 40 before being stretched is hooked on the pulley 38, and one rotation of the seedling regulating device 31 causes 2·π·r39
The belt 40 is fed out, but when it is fed out, it is stretched and becomes 2-yt-r39- (R39/r39)-2.
The length becomes π·R39, and in this state it is wound around the pulley 39. That is, in this state, the seedling regulating device 31 is
Pulley 38 rotates and feeds one row of paper tube seedlings 2.
The feed rate of the belt 40 and the winding amount of the pulley 39 are equal when the belt 40 is returned to its unstretched state, and there is no increase or decrease in the length of the belt 40 being stretched. Although based on this state, there is a secondary variation corresponding to the error in the width of the paper tube seedling 2.

The pulley 38 has 1. Although the belt 40 is always subjected to tension corresponding to the elongation rate of the belt 40, since the elongation rate of the belt 40 is almost in equilibrium as described above,
This tension becomes almost constant, and the front surface of the paper tube-aligned seedlings 1 sent out by the seedling conveyor 21 is also pressed against the regulation plate 33 with a constant force, which corrects the distortion of the front surface of the paper tube-aligned seedlings 1. You will be given as much power as you need.

In addition, in the above embodiment, each regulation plate 33 of the seedling regulation device 31
A separator 35 is integrally formed in the separator 35.
may be formed separately from each regulating plate 33, and press and separate the paper tube seedlings 2 in conjunction with the regulating plate 33. In addition to the suppression wheel 14, a separate motive rock may be used as the drive source. In addition, the planting groove 71 formed by the groove opener 13 may have a slope on at least one side, such as a V-shape with slopes on both sides, or a type with a slope on one side and a substantially vertical surface on the other side. Good to have.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, paper tube seedlings that can be transplanted with fine soil firmly attached are used, and the front surface of the paper tube aligned seedlings is restricted to correct distortion, which is a basic drawback of paper tube seedlings. Since the pressing force against the device can be set to the required constant force, excessive force may be generated and crush the paper tube seedlings, making the paper tube narrower than the specified width required for separation, or , there will be no troubles such as not being able to correct the distortion due to not being able to generate the necessary force, and the distortion can be corrected stably, and the relationship with the separating body is correct, making its operation stable. can do.

Transplant cultivation can also be introduced to crops that were conventionally directly sown, resulting in a dramatic improvement in agricultural management, and it is also possible to fully demonstrate the results of transplanting even crops that were conventionally transplanted.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a partially cutaway side view showing an embodiment of the device of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a rear view of the seedling guide device shown in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a side view of the seedling guide device shown in Fig. 1. Figures 4 and 5 are side views, Figure 6 is a plane view of seedlings arranged in paper tubes, and Figure 7 is a plan view of the section.
The figure is a perspective view thereof. 1. Seedlings arranged in paper tubes, 2. Seedlings in paper tubes, 21. Seedling conveyor, 31. Seedling regulation device, 33. Regulation plate, 35. Separator, 37. Interlocking mechanism, 38.39・Pulley, 40・
·belt. 10th February, 1977]

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) In a transplanting device that separates and transplants individual paper tube-aligned seedlings from paper tube-aligned seedlings grown in seedling-raising containers in which individual paper tubes are separably connected, the paper tube-aligned seedlings are supported and sent out one after another. a seedling conveyor; a seedling regulating device that receives the front surface of paper tube-aligned seedlings sent by the seedling conveyor and retreats at a constant speed while regulating the position of the front surface of the paper tube-aligned seedlings; and a paper tube received by the seedling regulating device. A separation body that separates the paper cylinder seedlings at the front end of the lined seedlings at a predetermined position, and an interlocking mechanism formed by extending an elastic belt between pulleys provided in the drive unit of the seedling conveyor and the drive unit of the seedling regulation device. A transplant device characterized by comprising the following. (2) The seedling regulation device has regulation plates that respectively correspond to the individual paper tube seedlings in the front row of the paper tube aligned seedlings, and operates sequentially from one end with a phase difference to sequentially control the individual paper tube seedlings from one end. The implantation device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is separated and dropped. (3) The seedling regulating device operates sequentially with a phase difference from one end of each group, dividing the individual paper tube seedlings in the front row of the paper tube aligned seedlings into a plurality of groups. 3. The transplanting device according to claim 2, wherein the seedlings are separated and dropped sequentially from one end.