JPS62121186A - Group control method of elevator - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to group management control of a plurality of elevators, and in particular an evaluation method for selecting an assigned car for common hall calls (hall calls, landing calls) that occur. It is related to.

[Technical Background of the Invention] With the advent of microcomputers, elevator control devices have undergone major changes. In other words, conventional elevator control devices used many relay control circuits, so as the elevator control function increases, the number of relays increases, making the control device lighter, cheaper, and more energy efficient. There were many things I didn't like about it. However, by introducing a microcomputer, which is characterized by its small size and high performance, into the elevator control system, the above problems have been solved. As a result, he has made significant contributions, including the diversification and diversification of elevator control.

Microcomputers are used in elevator control equipment,
They are used in individual control devices that exclusively control elevators, and in liver management devices that comprehensively manage multiple elevators. The above-mentioned group control device is a system that is used to respond to hall calls from the halls of each floor in order to improve elevator operating efficiency and improve service to elevator users when multiple elevators are installed in parallel. A microcomputer is used to rationally and quickly select the most suitable elevator to respond to a hall call, and to quickly assign the elevator to respond to the hall call.Hall call assignment control and management in the event of a fire or earthquake. It performs operational control and dispatch control that promotes improved service when dispatched.

The above-mentioned response elevator is determined by the group control device by obtaining various signals of the car status and landing (hall) status of the elevator from each individual control device, having a microcomputer calculate a comprehensive evaluation formula, and calculating this comprehensive evaluation formula. The elevator with the best evaluation value, which is the calculation result, is selected as the optimal elevator for the target hall call.

Various evaluation formulas are used, and for example, there is one expressed by the following formula.

E-F (Xd, Cd, Hd,
Wd) +Td...(1) (However, E
is the value of the evaluation formula (evaluation value), F indicates the meaning of the function, Xd is the relative floor difference by boarding and alighting direction between the landing area to be calculated and the car to be calculated, and Cd is the distance between the landing area to be calculated and the car to be calculated. The number of stops due to car calls alone, Hd is the number of stops assigned to hall calls on intermediate floors until reaching the calculation anti-seismic platform, Wd is the car load, and Td is the number of stops that have elapsed by the time the evaluation value is calculated. Indicates the waiting time at the boarding point. ) Other methods include provisionally assigning each car to a hall call that has occurred, and assigning the car with the minimum predicted waiting time to the floor where the hall call occurred, or assigning all registered hall calls. There are methods of allocating to the car that minimizes the total waiting time.

The purpose of each evaluation formula is to shorten and equalize the waiting time of passengers waiting at the landing, and with this in mind, they allocate the most suitable elevator among the multiple elevators.

However, when using such an allocation method based on a conventional evaluation method for group management control, there are many hall calls, and when each car responds to the hall calls that occur one after another and stops, it is difficult to locate the rear car. The car placed in front of the car catches up with the car in front of the car, resulting in what is called "dango driving". As a result, there are no cars available that can respond to the next hall call in a short time, resulting in poor service and transportation capacity.

There were 18 disadvantages such as a decrease in transportation efficiency. In addition, in herd management based on forecasting, there remained the problem that forecast accuracy deteriorated due to competing baskets arriving first.

[Object of the Invention] The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to prevent stalling even when there are many hall calls, and to shorten waiting time and improve forecasting. To provide a group management control method for elevators that can improve accuracy and measure the direction of service to passengers.

[Summary of the Invention] That is, in order to achieve the above object, the present invention operates a plurality of elevators for a plurality of floors, and reduces the waiting time required for each elevator to respond to a hall call that occurs. A group of elevators that performs predetermined evaluation calculations related to the above, compares the evaluation values obtained thereby, determines the most suitable elevator to respond to the hall call, and assigns it to the hall where the hall call occurs. In management control, when determining the optimal elevator, the generated hall calls are provisionally assigned to each elevator, and an index indicating the deviation between the predicted arrival time interval and the average operating interval for each elevator at a specific floor at the time of provisional assignment. is obtained for each elevator, and is added to the above-mentioned evaluation value for the corresponding elevator to obtain a comprehensive evaluation value, and elevators for which this comprehensive evaluation value shows a good value are prioritized and assigned to the generated hall call. This system controls the allocation of cars to hall calls so that the predicted arrival verses 1 to each specific floor are distributed at equal time intervals according to the average driving interval in the current time zone. It is.

In other words, when a hall call occurs, this call is provisionally assigned to each car, and the dango rate, which is an increasing function of the deviation between the predicted arrival time interval to a specific floor of each car at that time and the average operation interval, is calculated. A comprehensive evaluation formula is calculated by adding this to the general evaluation formula used for normal group management control evaluation calculations, and the above-mentioned hall call is assigned with priority given to the car with the minimum overall evaluation value. It is something. Therefore, as a result of this, the arrival of each car at a specific floor is averaged, and the arrivals at almost equal time intervals are achieved.

Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to prevent driverless driving even when there are many hall calls in group management control, to shorten the waiting time of passengers on the floor, and to improve transportation efficiency. At the same time, by not driving in a dango manner, it is no longer possible for other units to arrive at the floor where the forecast lights are lit before the other units have their forecast lights turned on, and therefore, the accuracy of forecasts is improved, leading to dramatic improvements in service. You will be able to do this.

More specifically, the present invention puts a plurality of elevators into service for a plurality of floors, and determines the optimal elevator using a comprehensive evaluation formula that determines the operation of the elevator in response to a hall call that occurs. In group management control of elevators in which a hall call is assigned to the hall where the hall call has occurred, when determining the optimal elevator, the hall call that has occurred is provisionally assigned to each elevator, and the estimated arrival time of each car to the main floor is calculated. Introducing the dango rate, which is an increasing function of the deviation between the interval and the average arrival interval, the dango rate is calculated for each temporarily assigned elevator, multiplied by a coefficient, and added to the overall evaluation formula for each elevator. Assign the car with the minimum value to the hall call.

The dumping rate of an elevator should be an index that shows the variation in the temporal distance of each @ loading capacity, and a value given by the square root of the sum of the squares of the temporal distance between each elevator is preferable as the dumping rate.

In addition, if this temporal distance is distributed at equal intervals, the dumping rate should be zero, and if the temporal distance is zero, that is, if you are driving a dumpling, the dumpling rate is 1 (100
%). Also, the unit is dimensionless.

Therefore, the predicted value RTTx of the round trip time of each II (X = 1.2..., N) in the group N vehicles in the current time period is RTTX - (elapsed time after departure from the main floor) + (to the main floor) expected arrival time), and the average-same time RTT becomes. The ideal average inter-arrival time is therefore RTT/N.

Here, the Dango rate is defined as the predicted arrival interval time, and ATi is defined as the predicted arrival interval time. Therefore, the comprehensive evaluation formula when car do. This E(×) is calculated for each tentatively allocated car, and E
The smallest car in (X) is assigned to the hall call.

[Embodiment 1 of the Invention Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a group management system implementing the present invention. In the figure, 2 is a hall call registration device that registers calls from each hall (hall). Also 5A
~5D controls the movement of each elevator car (single unit)
It is an individual control device for each car, and the subscripts A to D are attached to each car to distinguish them. 30 is a group control device which controls the movement of each car based on the hall call (hall call) and information of each car number n, and also controls door opening/closing. Further, the signal line connecting these is shown as one signal line in the figure even when a plurality of parallel signal lines are used.

The group management device 3o has a car status information table 22, a hall
Condition information table (hereinafter referred to as HCT)
, an arithmetic unit 26, etc., and when a hall call is registered by the hall call registration circuit 2, the HCT 24 in the group management device 30
Set bit <11> (each bit position and its meaning is predetermined) of the data of the corresponding index among the indexes corresponding to each hole call (formed and held in a part of the memory), The calculation device (including entry/exit device) 26 in the group management device 30 searches for this, and in this case, selects the optimal machine based on the evaluation calculation from among the four elevators (A-DjHI) and selects the optimal machine based on the evaluation calculation. Quasi-car call registration circuits 13A to 13D in the control device 5 in
gives allocated output to . At this time, the hall lantern, that is, the forecast light is turned on. At the same time, the bit <10> of the index of the hall call to be allocated in the HCT 24 and the allocation bits <Q> to Q3> corresponding to the car number are set. Then, when the car receives this assignment and decelerates in response to the hall assignment, the hall call registration is cleared by the car position signal from the car position selectors 14A to 14D, and the HCT
24 bit <11> is also reset.

Further, when the assigned car decelerates, opens the door, and finishes servicing the landing, the hall lantern is turned off in response to the car position signal from the car position selectors 14A to 14D,
Simultaneously allocated bits, i.e. bit 10 of HCT24.
〉 is also reset, and the pin corresponding to the machine number is ＜ Q ＞
~〈3〉 will also be cleared.

Reference numerals 11A to 110 are car call registration circuits, which are installed inside the car, and include floor-specific car call registration switches 15A on the in-car operation panel for inputting the desired stop floor, door opening/closing instructions, etc. ~ When 15D is turned on, car call registration is completed and car call status information table K
Bits corresponding to the corresponding machine of CT23 (bits <0>~
After setting the pit (any one of pits <3>) and servicing the floor on which the car call has been registered, the car position selector 14A
It has an early function of obtaining a car position signal from ~14D, erasing the car call registration, and resetting the bit corresponding to the corresponding car in KCT23.

12A to 12D are car state buffers, and selector 1
Car position signals from 4A to 14D, relay contacts 16A to 160 that close when the door is open, relay contacts 17A to 17D that close when the car is in a non-directional state, contacts 20A to 20D that close when the car is running, and close when group control is possible. Signals from relay contacts 21A to 210, etc. are input, and these are used as car status signals to create a car status information table (hereinafter referred to as OCT) 22 (held in memory) in the group control device 30 for each car. It is intended to be given to The car status signals held by the car status buffers 12A to 12D are stored and held in the 0CT22.

FIG. 2(a) shows a general flowchart of the control method of the present invention executed by the arithmetic unit 26 in the group management device 30, and FIG. 2(b) shows the flowchart between symbols 81 to 01 in FIG. Flowcharts showing details of the routines are shown respectively.

In FIG. 2(a), when the program starts, the CCT22
．． KCT23. (HCT24 etc. are also placed here) and initial clear of input/output, repeat start R
Enter routine number 8. In the repeat start R8 routine, the car status information table (OCT>22) and the car status information table (KCT) 23 are input, and if all machines are outside the group, no processing is done, and if there is even one car in the group, then Processing related to car status (processing when changing direction, changing full capacity allocation, etc.)
The hall index (Hall index is a number that is divided into an index from O to n for each floor according to the direction of ascending and descending, for example, 10d, 9d.

If there is a table of hall calls by direction such as 8d, 7d, -8u, 9u (d and u are directions for descending and ascending, and the numbers indicate floors), then the index of rlodl is rob, r9dJ is "1".

Hall Contention is a table that holds each hole call status by setting r8 (a number that corresponds to the table position is assigned in advance, such as ``2'') to O.
The word (information for one word length) corresponding to the hole index in the table (HCT) 24 is read, and the hole call allocation process (FIG. 2(b)) is executed. Next, the hole index is incremented by 1 and the same process is performed for the next landing. When the processing for all the landings is completed, distributed standby processing, advance command processing, and other processing are executed, and the process returns to the repeat start R8 routine to repeat these processing again.

FIG. 2(b) is a flowchart showing the hole call allocation method, in which the HCT (i> pit 11> in FIG. 1 corresponding to the hole index is checked, and if there is a hole call, the HCT bit is 10>, and if it is not allocated, check the landing arrival time corresponding to the car index J (car index) above HCT, KCT, C.
Calculate the evaluation value based on the information stored in each table such as CT,
Based on the obtained evaluation value, R-cart is selected and outputted by assignment.

The feature of the present invention lies in the method of determining the ulilli value at this time. In the present invention, when allocating an optimal car to a hall call that occurs, there is a standard method for determining the evaluation value of the car that can respond the fastest based on the operation status of each elevator, information on registered response floors, etc. A comprehensive evaluation formula is used in which the dumpling rate is added to the predetermined evaluation formula being used, and an evaluation value based on this comprehensive evaluation formula is used.

In the present invention, the predicted arrival time is used for this purpose, and an example of a formula for calculating the predicted arrival time Ti at hall i (ground i) used here is shown below.

However, r(xk) is xk floor travel time vF, n is the expected number of floors to stop before reaching the calculated hall call floor (1st floor), and Tdo is the expected time required to open and close the door (for simplicity, hall call stop (assumed to be the same for each stop).

The above predicted arrival time differs depending on the car to which the hall call (hall call) is provisionally allocated. Furthermore, the elapsed time T'x after each car X departs from the main floor is measured. This is stored in the RAM in the calculation bag @26 in the group management device 30 as shown in FIG.
), and is counted up by a timer interrupt of the arithmetic unit 26.

Further, the predicted equal time RTTx for each aircraft is determined from the above-mentioned main floor arrival time Tx and the elapsed time T'x since the car X departed from the main floor. This can be done by adding both. That is, it is determined by RTTx = T' x +Tx. However, the present invention can be implemented without being limited by the above formula.
Figure 3(a)).

In the present invention, in order to prevent each car from running in a dangling manner due to the occurrence of a large number of hall calls, the following calculation is performed to allocate hall calls.

In other words, we introduced the concept of dumping rate, which is an increasing function of the deviation between the predicted arrival interval time of each car to the main floor and the average arrival interval, and calculated this dumping rate for each temporarily assigned elevator. The comprehensive evaluation formula for each elevator is multiplied by a coefficient and added, and the car with the minimum evaluation value, which is the value determined by this comprehensive evaluation formula, is selected as the optimal car and assigned to the hall call.

By the way, the dumping rate of an elevator should be an index that shows the dispersion of the temporal distance between each car. Therefore, since statistical methods can be applied, it can be expressed as the square root of the sum of the squares of the temporal distance between each car. The value given below is preferable as the dumpling rate.

In addition, if this temporal distance is distributed at equal intervals, the dumping rate should be zero, and if the temporal distance is zero, that is, if you are driving a dumpling, the dumpling rate is 1 (100
%). Also, the unit is dimensionless.

Here, the average-same-time predicted value at the current time is obtained by, for example. Here, N is the number of elevators in the group (the number of elevators in the group).

Further, RTT may be obtained as an average value for the past 5 minutes, or may be obtained as an average value for the same time period up to the previous day by learning or the like.

Therefore, the ideal average arrival time to the main floor is RTT/N. Here, the dumping rate, which is an increasing function of the deviation between the predicted arrival interval of each car to the main floor and the average arrival interval, is defined by the following equation.

However, AVx is the main floor arrival interval time of each car, and is determined by the following formula.

The predicted main floor arrival time Tlx of the car (Determined by formula 21. From this, AVx is AVx = T Ix - T lx - s
・16) An example of the temporal relationship between the state of arrival of each car on the main floor and the arrival interval of each car on the main floor is shown in FIG. 3(a).

−Tx(
X), the predicted arrival time on the main floor when car X is tentatively assigned to the hall call that has occurred is expressed as 11x (X) - current time + Tx (X) - A7),
Main floor arrival interval time AVx (X) is AVx (X
)-T lx (X)-T lx -s (X)・
...(8) becomes. Therefore, the dumping rate when car X is tentatively assigned to the generated hall call is also expressed as D(X). N indicates the number of vehicles in the group.

The above D(X) is added to the overall evaluation value when X car is assigned.

E (X) = Eo (X) + -D (X) ・・
・(10) However, K is a constant (K>O), Eo (X)
is an evaluation value based on an evaluation formula used in conventional group management control in the X car.

Calculate E (X) in the above formula for each car. That is, X-A
, B, and C, and the generated hall calls are tentatively assigned to car A (ilIE (A), E (B), E
Find (C). The car with the smallest evaluation value E (X) is assigned to the hall call that has occurred.

Also, if K in the above formula is set to a large value, the effect of preventing dangling will be strong. Therefore, this provides the effect of preventing dangling.

FIG. 3(C) is a time chart showing the trend of meaning indicated by the value of dumpling rate. If we consider the meaning of Dango rate according to this diagram, assuming that each aircraft takes 120 seconds to make a round, C
At ASEI, each aircraft will arrive at the main floor every 30 seconds (planned)
The ideal arrival interval RT T
/ N = 30 Csec]. Here, the baskets arrive at intervals of 30 seconds, and sequentially NαD, N
Continuing with QA, NαB, NαC, No, D at 30 second intervals,
Arrivals to the main floor are evenly spaced. At this time, the dumpling rate D1=O[%].

Furthermore, CASE 2 is an example of complete dangling operation. Here, all four A1 to D@ halls arrive at the main floor with a slight time difference, and since the placement time is 120 seconds, the baskets arrive at the main floor every 120 seconds. It's driving like crazy.

At this time, the dumpling rate D2=100 [%].

In CΔSE3, 60 seconds after the car of car D arrived, car A arrived, 75 seconds later for 8 minutes, then 90 seconds after car B arrived, car C arrived, and 120 seconds after that, car D arrived.
This shows the aircraft arriving on the main floor. At this time, the dumpling rate becomes D3-35 [%].

CASE4 is an example of less bias than CASE3,
This is an example of dumpling rate D+=18r%].

CASE 5 is a case where the data are divided into two groups: D, A @ Tsuki and B, C @ Tsuki, and the dumpling rate Ds = 42 [%]. From the above, the dumpling rate of the present invention shows a favorable tendency as an index indicating the variation in R quantitative distance between each machine.

Furthermore, if the temporal distance is at equal intervals, the driving rate is zero, and if the temporal distance is zero, that is, if the driver is driving at a rapid pace, the driving rate is 1 (100%). Furthermore, since the unit is dimensionless compared to Equation 0, it shows a favorable tendency as a measure for preventing reckless driving.

As explained above, when a hall call occurs, the predicted value of the dumping rate when the hall call is assigned to each machine is calculated, and the increasing function is added to the comprehensive evaluation formula, thereby actively preventing dumping. Able to control the department.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above and shown in the drawings, but can be implemented with appropriate modifications within the scope of the gist. As long as it is a formula, it does not need to be based on the embodiment, and it does not need to be a linear formula for the dumpling rate. In addition, although in this embodiment, the dump truck is detected based on the arrival time of the car on the main floor, it is also possible to detect it based on the interval between car arrivals on other main floors. In the case where there are four elevators A-D@,
Assume that the hall calls registered on each floor are distributed as shown in the figure, and that a down hall call occurs on the 9th floor. It shows. The present invention relates to allocation control in such a case.

In such a case, there is a risk that the four elevators will be concentrated on the 3rd to 6th floors and the elevators will be operated in a slow manner, leading to service problems such as increased waiting times on other floors and decreased transportation efficiency. There is a concern that this may occur, but this can be avoided by controlling the allocation of cars to hall calls so that the predicted arrival time of each aircraft to a specific floor is distributed at equal time intervals according to the average operation interval in the current time period. This is what I decided to do.

In other words, when a hall call occurs, an evaluation value is calculated based on a normal evaluation formula, the call is provisionally assigned to each car, and the predicted arrival time interval to a specific floor of each car at that time is calculated from the average operation interval. An evaluation value based on an evaluation formula for the dumpling rate, which is an increasing function of deviation, is calculated, and the hall call is assigned with priority to the machine with the minimum evaluation value, which is the result of adding the two. Therefore, the arrival of each car at a specific floor is averaged, and the arrivals at almost equal time intervals are achieved.

Therefore, since the dangling operation is eliminated, it becomes possible to select a car that can respond to hall calls that occur afterward in a relatively short time, which helps shorten the waiting VF time.

In addition, when a hall call occurs, in a group elevator with a forecast system where the hall lantern lights up immediately, there is less competition for the arrival of cars, which improves the accuracy of the forecast and improves the accuracy of the forecast. psychological irritability decreases.

[Effects of the Invention] As described in detail above, according to the present invention, it is possible to prevent a driver's seat even if there are many hall calls in group management control, and to shorten the waiting time of passengers on the floor. This not only improves transportation capacity, but also avoids the possibility of another Tanzen arriving at the floor where the forecast light is lit before the other aircraft arrives at the floor where the forecast light is turned on, since it does not result in "dango" operation, which improves forecast accuracy. It is possible to provide an elevator group management control method that can dramatically improve services.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a system configuration diagram of the present invention, Figure 2 is a flowchart of group management control according to the present invention, Figure 3 (a) is an explanatory diagram of one round time and main floor arrival interval, Figure 3 (b) Figure 3 shows a register that stores the elapsed time after departure from the main floor.
Figure (C) is an explanatory diagram showing the tendency of the dumpling rate of the present invention, the fourth
The figure is a diagram for explaining the present invention in detail. 2... Hall call registration circuit, 5A to 5D... Elevator single control device, 1U to 9U, 2D to 10D... Hall call registration relay, 11A to 11D... Car call registration circuit, 12A to 12D. ...Cage status buffer, 13A~
13D...Semi-car call record circuit, 14A-14D...
・Selector, 15A to 15D...Car call registration button switch, 16A to 16D...Relay contact that closes when the door is opened/closed, 17A to 17D...Relay contact that closes when there is no direction, 18A to 18D...Closes when driving Relay contacts, 19A to 19D... Relay contacts that close when in the ascending direction, 20A to 20D... Relay contacts that close when in the descending direction, 21A to 21D... Relay contacts that close when group management control is possible, 22...・Car status information table rccTJ,
23... Car call status information table rKcTj, 2
4...Hall call status information table rHcTJ, 2
6... Arithmetic device, 30... Group management device. Figure 1 Figure 2 (a) Figure 2 (b): RTTO Figure 3 (a) Figure 3 (b) 8F @ QF 6F Ro10 (S)”
Figure 4

Claims (1)

[Claims] Evaluation obtained by putting multiple elevators into service for multiple floors, and performing predetermined evaluation calculations related to the waiting time required for each elevator to respond to the hall calls that occur. When determining the optimal elevator in elevator group management control in which the values are compared to determine the optimal elevator to respond to the hall call, and the elevator is assigned to the hall where the hall call has occurred,
The generated hall calls are provisionally assigned to each elevator, and an index indicating the deviation between the predicted arrival time interval and the average operating interval for each elevator at a specific floor at the time of provisional assignment is determined for each elevator, and the A group management control method for elevators, characterized in that a comprehensive evaluation value is obtained in addition to the evaluation value, and elevators having a good comprehensive evaluation value are prioritized and assigned to the generated hall call.