JPS62113945A - Forward-rearward two speed type reduction reversing device for ship - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To lay out freely by disposing a driven gear on an output shaft, and disposing a driving gear for transmitting power to an input shaft and a second speed shaft by means of each clutch, and a forward rearward change-over device having a forward rearward engagement-disengagement operation part and an planetary gear mechanism. CONSTITUTION:A first speed clutch 16 having a first speed input gear 13 is disposed on an input shaft 11 and a first speed small (driving) gear 14 having a second speed driven gear 28 is connected to the input shaft 11 to drive the large (driven) gear 22 of an output shaft 17 adjacent to the small gear 14. A second speed shaft 24 provided with a second speed clutch 29 having a second speed input gear 26 is disposed adjacent to the input shaft 11 and a second speed driving gear 27 is engaged loosely with the second speed shaft 24. A forward-rearward change over device 32 is formed around the output shaft 17, while said device being constructed of a planetary gear transmitting mechanism consisting of two planetary gears 35, 36, a sun gear 39 and an internal gear 40, a forward clutch 41, and a rearward brake 42. Accordingly, it is only needed that the second speed shaft 24 is disposed around the input shaft 11 and the laying out can be carried out according to the circumstance.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Industrial applications BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a marine reduction and reversal gear.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Conventionally, in this type of reduction/reversing gear, in addition to the general one-speed forward/reverse type, there have also been two forward speed and one reverse speed type as shown in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 57-54754, for example. There is.

In the conventional technology described above, as shown in FIG. A reverse shaft (3) is placed on the side. Then, a forward clutch (not shown) provided on the first forward speed shaft (2) is engaged and disengaged, and a forward small gear (4) provided on the driven side of the forward clutch is connected to a large forward gear provided on the output shaft (1). It meshes with the gear (5), thereby transmitting power to the output shaft (1).

On the other hand, when traveling in reverse, the power of the first forward speed shaft (2) is transmitted to the drive side of a reverse clutch (not shown) provided on the reverse shaft (3), and Power is transmitted to the large gear (5) via the small gear (6).

Further, for the second forward speed, a second forward speed shaft (7) is provided on the opposite side to the reverse shaft (3), and the power input to the first forward speed shaft (2) is bypassed through the forward clutch. Forward pinion (
4).

Problems to be Solved by the Invention In the prior art described above, in which the forward and backward movement is switched on the input shaft side, for example, when the forward shaft is used as the input shaft, the rotational power of the forward shaft is reversed and output. In order to transmit the signal to the shaft, an intermediate or reverse shaft is required. For this purpose, it is necessary to adopt a support structure in which the reverse shaft is disposed on the side of the forward shaft and the output shaft. Therefore, there is a problem in that the width of the entire speed reduction/reversing device cannot be reduced, and it is difficult to adapt to an installation environment where there is no lateral clearance.

Moreover, if you try to change the speed ratio between 1st speed and 2nd speed, you have to change the reverse axis in addition to the forward axis and the forward 2nd speed axis, which makes it difficult to change the speed ratio. there were.

The present invention solves these problems and provides a forward/reverse two-wheel drive system whose shape can be freely changed according to the installation environment, and in which the speed ratio of first and second speeds can be easily changed. The purpose is to provide a high-speed reduction/reversal machine.

Means for Solving the Problems In the present invention, as a technical means for solving the above problems, a driven gear (22) is rotatably provided on the output shaft (17), and a driven gear (22) is provided on the output shaft (17). Input shafts placed adjacent to each other (
11) is provided with a 1st speed clutch (16), and a 1st speed drive gear (14) for transmitting power to the driven gear (22) is provided on the driven side of the 1st speed clutch (16), 22), and the 2nd speed clutch (29)
A second speed shaft (24) having a
11) and transmits power to the 2nd speed clutch (29).
) is provided with a second-speed drive gear (27) on the driven side of the
The second speed driven gear (14) rotates integrally with the second speed drive gear (14).
28), while the forward engaging/disengaging operation part (41)
, reverse engagement/disassembly operation section (42) and planetary gear transmission mechanism (3
5) A forward/reverse switching device (32) having (36), (39), and (40) is provided around the output shaft (17). Fitting/disengaging operation part (41
) and the reverse engagement/disassembly operation section (42), the output shaft (17) rotates in opposite directions.

Example Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

In Fig. 1, (1o) indicates the deceleration/reversing machine case;
An input shaft (11) is rotatably supported in the middle portion of the speed reduction and reversing machine case (1o) so as to be rotatable in the front and rear directions. The front end side of the input shaft (11) protrudes forward through the reduction/reversing gear case (10), and is connected to an engine (not shown) via a shaft coupling (not shown). .

A first speed clutch housing (12) is fixed to the rear side of the input shaft (11). A first speed input gear (13) is formed on the outer peripheral portion of the clutch housing (12). On the other hand, a 1st speed pinion (14) as a 1st speed drive gear is loosely fitted on the front side of the input shaft (11), and the boss portion of the 1st speed pinion (14) protrudes rearward. The clutch driven portion (15) is inserted into the first speed clutch housing (12). The clutch driven part (
A hydraulic multi-disc type first speed clutch (16) is provided between the first speed clutch housing (12) and the first speed clutch housing (12). That is, by connecting the first speed clutch (16), the power from the first speed clutch housing (12) is transmitted to the first speed small gear (14).

On the other hand, an output shaft (17) is disposed below the input shaft (11) in the front-rear direction on the lower side of the speed reduction/reversing machine case (10). Its output shaft (17) is connected to the reduction/reversing machine case (
The front wall (18) and rear wall (19) of 10) are rotatably supported by bearings (20) and (21) provided therein. The rear end portion of the output shaft (17) penetrates the rear side wall (19) of the speed reducer/reverser case (10) and protrudes rearward via a shaft coupling (not shown). It is connected to the propeller shaft.

Further, an idle shaft (23) having a large gear (22) as a driven gear of the present invention is rotatably supported on the front end portion of the output shaft (17). That is,
The large gear (22) and the output shaft (17) are rotatable with respect to each other. The first speed small gear (14) meshes with the large gear (22).

Next, (24) indicates a second speed shaft located adjacent to the input shaft (11). In this embodiment, this second speed shaft (
24) is arranged above the input shaft (11), as shown in FIG. That is, in this embodiment, the second speed shaft (24), the input shaft (11), and the output shaft (17) are arranged in a line in the vertical direction.

A second speed clutch housing (25) is fixed to the rear side of the second speed shaft (24). The outer peripheral portion of this second speed clutch housing (25) is provided with the first speed input gear (
13) and a second speed input gear (26) having the same diameter.

The second speed input gear (26) meshes with the first speed input gear (13). In addition, on the front side of the second speed shaft (24), there is a
The speed drive gear (27) is loosely fitted. The 2nd speed driving gear (27) is always in mesh with the 2nd speed working gear (2nd gear) provided on the boss portion of the 1st speed small gear (14).

The number of teeth of this second speed driven gear (28) is smaller than that of the second speed driven gear (28). A hydraulic multi-plate type 2-speed clutch (29) is provided between the 2-speed driven gear (28) and the 2-speed clutch housing (25). That is, by connecting the second speed clutch (29), the power from the second speed clutch housing (25) is transmitted to the second speed drive gear (27).

As mentioned above, since the 2nd speed shaft (24) only exchanges power with the input shaft (11), the 2nd speed shaft (24)
The axial center (C) of the input shaft (11) can be arranged around the axial center (0) of the input shaft (11) on the chain double-dashed line (30) in FIG. In that case, the outer peripheral portion of the second speed input gear (26), which has the largest outer peripheral radius among the second speed shaft (24), will also be on the chain double-dashed line (31).

Next, the forward/reverse switching device (32) according to the present invention installed around the output shaft (17) will be explained.

As mentioned above, the free rotating shaft (2) is loosely supported on the output shaft (17).
3), a carrier (33) is rotatably supported. Further, on the rear side of the output shaft (17), another carrier (33) is provided opposite to the carrier (33).
4) is integrated. And both carriers (3
3) As shown in Figure 3, between (34), two planetary gears (35) and (36) that mesh with each other are passed between the carriers and (33) and (34), respectively. It is rotatably supported by planetary gear shafts (37) and (38). One of the idling gears (36) provided near the output shaft (17) is always in mesh with the sun gear (39) provided at the front end of the idling shaft (23). Further, the other planetary gear (35) meshes with an internal gear (40) rotatably supported concentrically with the output shaft (17). That is, these two freewheeling gears (35) (36),
The sun gear (39) and the internal gear (40) constitute an idling gear transmission mechanism. In addition, for each set of planetary gears (35) and (36) as described above, there is a sun gear (39).
They are arranged with different phases so as to surround it.

Further, a hydraulic multi-disc forward clutch (41) is provided between the large gear (22) and the carrier (33) as the forward engaging operation section of this embodiment.

That is, by operating the forward clutch (41), the carrier (33) and the idle shaft (23) become integrated. Therefore, the idle wheel (23), that is, the large gear (22)
and the output shaft (17) will rotate in the same direction.

On the other hand, the rear side wall (19) of the deceleration and reversing device case (10) is provided with a reverse brake (42) as a reverse insertion/disassembly operation section in this embodiment. This reverse brake (42) includes a hydraulic piston (43) attached to the rear wall (19),
It basically consists of brake plates (44) (44), etc. that slide in the front-rear direction by the hydraulic piston (43). and an adjacent brake plate (44)
(44) is interposed with a braked portion (45) provided on the internal gear (40). That is, by operating the hydraulic piston (43), the brake plate (44) comes into pressure contact with the braked part (45), thereby fixing the internal gear (40) to the reduction/reversing gear case (10). It looks like this. Therefore, when the idling shaft (23), that is, the sun gear (39) rotates clockwise in FIG. 38) in a counterclockwise direction.

Then, the other planetary gear (35) meshing with the planetary gear (36) rotates clockwise about the planetary gear shaft (37), and the reduction/reversing gear case (10) rotates clockwise about the planetary gear shaft (37).
It rotates counterclockwise around the output shaft (17) while meshing with the internal gear (40) fixed to the output shaft (17). Therefore, in this case, the large gear (22) and the output shaft (17) rotate in opposite directions.

Next, the power transmission path in this embodiment will be explained.

First, at the first forward speed, the l speed latch (16) and the forward clutch (41) are operated. Then, the input axis (
The power from the engine transmitted to the input shaft (11) is transmitted to the input shaft (11).
1) → (1st speed clutch (16)) -1st speed small gear (1
4) - Large gear (22) -> (forward clutch (41)) - Carrier (33) - Carrier (34) - Output shaft (IT). At that time, the rotation direction of the 1st speed input gear (13) integrated with the input shaft (11) may be changed, for example, to the second speed input gear (13).
If the direction is clockwise in the figure, the 1st speed input gear (13
) The 1st speed pinion (14) also rotates clockwise, and the large gear (14) meshes with the 1st speed pinion (14).
22) will rotate counterclockwise around the axis. Therefore, the output shaft (17) connected 11Ii is also rotated counterclockwise by the action of the forward clutch (41). In this document, this rotation of the output shaft (17) counterclockwise is referred to as forward movement.

Next, at the second forward speed, the second speed clutch (29) and the forward clutch (41) are operated. Then, this time, input shaft (11) → 1st speed input gear (13) - 2nd speed input gear (26) - (2nd speed clutch (29)) - 2nd speed drive gear (27) - 2nd speed driven gear ( 28) - 1st gear small gear (14) - Large gear (22)
) power will be transmitted to the Then, the speed is reduced by an amount corresponding to the tooth ratio between the second speed drive gear (27) and the second speed driven gear (28).

The rear side of the large gear (22) follows the same path as in the first forward speed: large gear (22) - (forward clutch (41)) - carrier (33) - carrier (34) → output shaft (17). , power is transmitted from the large gear (22) to the output shaft (17).

On the other hand, in the first reverse speed, the first speed clutch (16) and the reverse brake (42) are operated. Then, forward 1
The power transmitted to the large gear (22) in the same way as when speeding is
Large gear (22) - Sun gear (39) - Planetary gear (36)
) - Planetary gear (35) - Carrier (34) → Output shaft (1
7) is transmitted to the output shaft (17). At this time, the output shaft (17) rotates in the opposite direction to that during forward movement due to the function of the reverse brake (42).

In that case, the sun gear (39) and one of the planetary gears (36)
) and the other planetary gear (35) and internal gear (40
) By appropriately setting the ratio of the number of teeth, the number of revolutions at the first forward speed and the number of revolutions at the first reverse speed can be made to match.

In the second reverse speed, the second speed clutch (29) and the reverse brake (42) are operated. Then, the reduced power is transmitted to the large gear (22) in the same way as in the second forward speed. And like that, the big gear (22
) is reversed and transmitted to the output shaft (17) in the same manner as in the first reverse speed.

Effects of the Invention As described above, the present invention has a planetary gear transmission mechanism and a forward fitting. By arranging the forward/reverse switching device, which has an M operation section and a reverse engagement/disassembly operation section, around the output shaft, only the 2nd speed shaft is required to be installed around the input shaft. There are various options that suit the installation environment of the reducer/reverser, such as placing the 2nd speed shaft above to narrow the width of the reducer/reverser, or installing the 2nd speed shaft to the side of the human-powered shaft to lower the overall height. It has the advantage of being able to create a layout.

Moreover, by switching between forward and backward travel at the output shaft, it is possible to easily change to a single forward and forward speed type by simply removing the second speed shaft, and it is possible to easily change from a single forward and forward speed type to a forward and backward two speed type. It also has the advantage of being able to share major parts with the faster type.

In addition, changing the speed ratio when traveling forward or backward can be easily achieved by simply changing the gear ratio between the 2nd speed driven gear on the input shaft and the 2nd speed drive gear on the 2nd speed shaft. It has the advantage of being able to change the gear ratio.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention, a first schematic diagram,
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a conventional example. (11)...Input shaft, (14)...1st speed small gear, (
16)...1st speed clutch, (17)...Output shaft, (
22)...Large gear, (24)...2nd speed shaft, (27)
...2nd speed drive gear, (28)...2nd speed driven gear, (29)...2nd speed clutch, (32)...forward/reverse switching device, (35) (36)...・Planetary gear, (39)...
Sun gear, (40)... Internal gear (41)... Forward clutch, (42)... Reverse brake. Patent applicant: Yanmar Diesel Co., Ltd.
Patent Attorney Hisayuki Tarumoto Figure 2 Figure 3

Claims (1)

[Claims] A driven gear is rotatably provided on the output shaft, and a 1st speed clutch is provided on the input shaft adjacent to the output shaft.
1 for transmitting power to the driven gear on the driven side of the speed clutch;
A speed drive gear is provided and meshed with the driven gear, and a second speed shaft equipped with a second speed clutch is arranged adjacent to the input shaft, and the power of the input shaft is transmitted to the drive side of the second speed clutch. At the same time, a 2nd speed drive gear is provided on the driven side of the 2nd speed clutch and is meshed with the 2nd speed driven gear which rotates integrally with the 1st speed drive gear, while a forward engagement/disengagement operation section and a reverse engagement/disassembly operation section are provided. 1. A two-speed forward/reverse speed reducing/reversing gear for marine vessels, characterized in that a forward/reverse switching device having a planetary gear transmission mechanism is disposed around the output shaft.