JPS62107876A - Method and device for joining member - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable an uniform junction by deforming with heating by the current of a fixed voltage after deforming with heating by passing a fixed current to a metallic material and by cutting off the current at the place of the prescribed displacement quantity to prevent an over-heating and to make the displacement speed optimum. CONSTITUTION:A metallic material is first deformed with heating while pressing it in the joining direction by feeding a given current by arranging two metallic materials to be joined between electrodes 13, 14. The displacement of the metal lic material at this time is detected by a displacement detecting sensor 17 and the current cut off via an electrification control device 18 at the place of the prescribed displacement quantity. Then, the pressurizing and heating are performed by flowing the current at the fixed voltage similarly to deform, and the electrification is shut off by detecting the prescribed displacement with the sensor 17. Consequently the overheating is prevented and the displacement speed is held adequately as well, and numerous joining parts can be joined uniformly.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention provides a method for joining a metal member and a metal member or a non-metal member to a phase n by applying current to the metal member and applying pressure. and regarding equipment.

[Problems between conventional technology and mo]

Generally, in order to manufacture a structure using metal members, it is essential to join the metal member to a metal member or a non-metal member.

Conventionally, in order to perform this bonding, electricity is applied to the metal members,
The metal members are heated to a deformable state or a melting state using Joule heat generated inside, and the metal parts 1, etc. to be joined are joined together by pressing the metal members in the 1 and 2 directions using an appropriate method. There is.

Examples of such joining methods include resistance welding, thermocompression bonding, caulking, and the like.

A conventional joining method is shown in FIG. 5, and a description will be given of juging, which is a type of thermocompression bonding, for joining the rotating pre-wound A3 to the hook 2 of the commutator 1 for electric motor d.

As shown in FIG. 6, the hook 2 is a substantially U-shaped plate made of prepared alloy, and is provided at the end of the commutator 1 on the rotor 4 side.

Fusing is carried out by first passing the rotor winding 3 through this hook 2, then bringing one current-carrying electrode 5 into contact with the upper part of the hook 2 with a certain pressure, and then connecting the other electrode 6 to the commutator 1.
II! ! It touches the edge. Next, a constant current I is applied between the electrodes 5 and 6 from a welding transformer (not shown) as shown in FIG. 7(b). As a result, the hook 2 is heated by the Joule heat generated inside, becomes deformable, and is displaced by the pressing force of the electrode 5 in the direction of closing the U-shaped opening, that is, in the direction of approaching the surface of the commutator 10. As this displacement progresses, several tens of percent of the insulating material covering the surface of the hook 2 is removed, making it possible to electrically connect with the rotor winding 3. And the seventh
As shown in Figure (a), when the hook 2 comes into contact with the surface of the commutator 1 and is displaced by a sufficient displacement fnD to be bonded together by thermocompression, as shown in Figure (b), both cities VM5.6
The constant current I is cut off. As a result, the rotor winding 3 is held between the commutator 1 and the hook 2, and the commutator 1
, the hook 2 and the rotor winding 3 are joined to each other, and fusing is completed. After that, both electrodes 5°6 knock 2
And the next new hook 2 is moved back from the commutator 1.
be kept on standby for fusing.

However, the conventional fusing described above has the following problems.

However, the time for energizing between the electrodes 5 and 6 (T.

〜Step 1〉 is the time required for the displacement of the hook 2 to reach a predetermined value (with 0 items as the answer) at the start time To of energization l; l. Therefore, the electrode 5 is When fusing 2 is performed, the temperature is high even during standby, and when this electrode 5 is brought into contact with the next new 4J hook 2 and an initial pressure is applied, that hook 2 is heated and bonded. Then, the hook 2 is displaced by a predetermined value, and in the end, the hook 2 is displaced deeply by 60 minutes and used. 5,
Since only a constant current is passed through the six electrodes, the red-hot state of the electrode 5 may become an overheated state, so it is not possible to fuse a large number of hooks 2.2 in a uniform state, and the hooks 2. There was a risk that excessive distortion would occur. Also, the number of rotors 4 passed through the hook 2 is 1 to 3.
It is different from wood, and there was no possibility of uneven fusing between the two hooks. Furthermore, both electrodes 5
, 6, only a constant current flows between them.
), the slope of the displacement of the hook 2 is steep, and there is a risk that the hook 2 will collapse rapidly and the rotating pre-winding 13 will be burned out. In addition, in the electrode 5, a contact 5b made of tungsten or molybdenum that can withstand high temperatures is buried at the tip of a base material 5a made of an alloy such as chromium or copper. However, there was a risk that some parts of the wax would be oxidized and deteriorated by the overheating of the lightning If15, causing a fusing failure.

(Purpose of the Invention) The present invention has been made in view of these points, and it is possible to efficiently heat the metal members and electrodes at the joint without overheating, while maintaining the appropriate displacement speed of the metal members. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus for joining members that can be joined reliably and uniformly and with extremely high reliability.

[Summary of the Invention] A joining method of ffU, which is the first invention of the present invention, is a joining method for joining a metal member and a metal member or a non-metal member to each other by deforming the metal member. A constant current is passed through the metal member to heat it and pressure is applied in the welding direction to avoid deformation, and then a current with a constant voltage is passed through the metal member to heat it and pressure is applied in the welding direction to cause further deformation, resulting in a predetermined amount of displacement. The metal member and the metal member or the non-metal member are joined to the phase H by continuously cutting off the current having the constant voltage when the voltage reaches the phase H.

A device for joining members, which is a second invention of the present invention, presses a metal member to be joined and a metal member or a non-metal member in the joining direction, and also connects an electrode for energizing the metal part (A) during the joining process. a displacement detection sensor that detects the displacement b) of the metal member; and a displacement detection sensor that can freely switch and energize the metal member between a constant current and a current having a constant voltage, and the amount of displacement of the metal member when each current is applied is predetermined. The present invention is characterized in that it is formed with an energization control device that cuts off energization when the value exceeds 1.

The third aspect of the present invention, the energization control 12iI neck strap, is an energization control device that controls the state of energization through electrodes to metal members to be joined, and the energization time is divided into the front and rear parts and independently. Features include a timer section for control 2++, and a mode switch that allows the energization state to be switched between constant current, constant voltage, and constant power during each energization time divided into the front and rear sections. shall be.

[Embodiments of the Invention] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.

1 to 3 show embodiments of the second and third apparatuses of the present invention.

FIG. 1 shows an overview and FIG. 2 shows block details.

In the figure, reference numeral 11 is a welding transformer, and a thyristor 12 is connected to the negative side of the transformer to adjust the welding current flowing to the secondary side. On the secondary side, electricity is applied to the metal member when the metal member to be joined and the metal member or non-metal member are pressurized in the joining direction (vertical direction in the figure); l1
2+413.14 is connected. Furthermore, an upstream detection coil 15 for measuring the welding current is provided on the secondary side, and a voltage detection sensor 16 for measuring the voltage between each electrode 13, 14 is provided. Further, a displacement detection sensor 1 for measuring the amount of displacement of the metal member is provided near the electrode 13.
7 is provided. Then, based on each detection 1+n obtained from the current detection coil 15, voltage detection sensor 16, and displacement detection sensor 17, a command is sent to the thyristor 12 to control the energization state f to the secondary side, that is, the metal member. An energization control device 18 is provided. This energization system (7
The contents of 1 and 11 according to 1I Request 18 are that the time for energizing the metal member is divided into the front and rear parts, and first the energization time for the front part is divided into J
3 (knee): When a constant current is applied and the metal member is displaced by a predetermined amount, the energization is cut off, and during the rear energization time, a constant voltage current is passed and the energization is cut off when the metal member is further displaced by a predetermined amount. It is said that

To further explain, in this practical example, as shown in Fig. 4(b), if the necessary and sufficient displacement ω of the hook 2 on J3 at the time of joining is D, first the A of D-△D is A constant current is passed up to the point and the speed changes rapidly.
I try to do 3 go.

In order to carry out such control, energization control l) 1 and 18
combines one timer section and a displacement measurement section 20.

This timer section 19 operates each component in accordance with the time schedule call shown in FIG. 4(C). This time schedule call is performed based on the number of four noise cycles of the AC power supply 21 supplied to the primary side of the welding transformer 11 in FIG. 2.

Specifically, a synchronization signal is detected from the AC power supply 21 by the synchronization signal detection circuit 22, the cycle count of the AC power supply 21 is determined by the cycle measurement circuit 23, and when the Noikl number reaches the value determined by the sequence control circuit 24, The signal is sent to the ignition pulse generation circuit 25, and the thyristor 12 is configured so that the ignition pulse generation circuit 25 establishes an energized state according to the command from the sequence control circuit 24.
The sequence I11 control circuit 24 sends a command to the secondary side of the welding lance 11 to flow a current as instructed by the sequence I11 control circuit 24.

The contents of the sequence control by this sequence control circuit 24 are as shown in FIG.
It is determined by the timer setting device 27, the cooling timer setting device 28, the welding 2 timer setting device 29, and the holding timer setting device 30. The initial pressurization timer setter 26 is the electric VM13, 14.
The time from pressurizing the metal member in the joining direction to starting energization is set by the number of cycles of the AC power source 21. The welding 1 timer setting device 27 determines the time required for a constant current to flow, that is, the time required for the displacement to reach point A in FIG. 4(b), for example, the time required for the hook 2 to completely bend when fusing the hook 2. Set with similar number of cycles. The cooling timer setter 28 has a constant I
This is to set the energization stop time after cutting off flow B, and ensure that the deformation of the metal member reaches point A.

This cooling time differs depending on the metal part, but the AC power supply 2
It is recommended that the cycle be 0 to 2 cycles (1'+J cycles).

The welding 2 timer setter 29 sets the time during which a current of a constant voltage flows, that is, the time when the displacement ΔD shown in FIG. 4(b) is reached, using the same number of cycles. The holding timer setting device 30 keeps the power 1f even after energization ends so that the joints cool down quickly. 13.1
The time period for which the pressure force is applied in step 4 is set at the same number of cycles. Note that the time settings using the welding 1 timer setter 27 and the welding 2 timer setter 29 are performed in advance on the metal part H.
Measure and determine the time until the displacement (D - ΔD) to point A and the time until the displacement ΔD is performed,
It may be applied to subsequent joining of the same metal members. In fact, the end of the energization time is instructed by the welding 1 timer setter 27 and the welding 2 timer ohm constantr 29 via the displacement detection sensor 17, r3J and the displacement measuring unit 20.

Further, the welding current flowing to the secondary side and the voltage flowing between both electrodes 13 and 14 are maintained at a constant value of 1fi by feedback. One current control is performed as follows. Of course, the setting device 31a.

31b and the current range 32, the current is set as the multiplication value of both *#i. The current on the secondary side is detected by the current detection coil 15, and the waveform restoration circuit 33
The waveform of the current is determined by the following, and this current flrI is determined every half cycle by the current ringing circuit 31I. and,
This 81 measured current value is compared with the set current value, and feedback is sent back to 9IRISK 12 through the phase conversion circuit 35 and ignition pulse generation circuit 25, etc., and the set current is corrected every half cycle. There is. The other voltage control is similarly performed as follows. That is,
The voltage is set by either setting Z 36a or 36b and the voltage range 37 as a multiplied value of both values. The voltage detection sensor 16 detects the voltage between the electrodes 13 and 14, and the voltage calculation circuit 38 determines the voltage value every half cycle. Then, this total 3111 voltage value is compared with the set voltage value, and fed back to the υextrator 12 through the phase conversion circuit 35 and the ignition pulse generation circuit 25, etc., and the current is corrected every half cycle and set at a constant voltage. I try to let it flow. In this embodiment, in the a3, each setting device 31a, 31b, 36a, 36b is the mode switching device 3.
9 and a mode switch 40, the voltage and current power can be freely switched and set.

This is so that electricity can be applied freely in welding 1 and welding +a 2, respectively, so that more appropriate joining can be performed. In this embodiment, the mode switch 39 is set to the current position and the mode switch 40 is set to the voltage position so that the method of the present invention can be carried out. In addition, the settings E on the upper and lower left side of Figure 3
31a.

36a is the current value and voltage value set as condition 1 when joining 1 to 3 locations after the start of joining, and settings 331b and 36b on the upper and lower right side of the figure are current values when continuing subsequent joining, Set the voltage value as condition 2. In FIG. 3, the slope setting device 41 to the right of setting Z31b is shown in FIG.
> Set the slope part B of the current value, that is, the number of rising cycles to a certain value.

The displacement measurement unit 20 detects displacement of the metal material in the joining direction 1
), this will cut off the current when it reaches the set value. Also,
In this embodiment, the displacement of the metal member after a current of a constant voltage is passed is displayed, and it is determined whether or not the displacement is within the upper and lower limits, and the displacement is displayed. That is, the set displacement ΔD after point A in FIG. 4(b) is set by the stopping distance setter 42. Displacement detection sensor]7
The displacement is determined in the reservoir cylinder circuit 43 from the signal detected by the sensor, and this is displayed on the displacement distance display 44, and the comparison circuit 45 compares the set displacement ΔD. When the measured displacement reaches the set displacement, a signal is sent to the sequence control circuit 46, and the sequence control circuit 46 sends a signal to stop energization to the sequence control circuit 4'1824. The lower limit and upper limit judgment values set by the lower limit judgment setter 47 and the lower limit judgment setter 48 are compared with the measured displacement, and the results are displayed on judgment indicators 49a and 49b consisting of pilot lamps and the like.

49c displays the contents below the lower limit, appropriate, and over the upper limit.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained based on the method of the present invention.

In this embodiment, as an example of joining, a case will be described in which fusing of the hook 2 of the commutator 1 is performed according to the time schedule shown in FIG. 4(C).

First, for the initial pressurization time set by the initial pressurization timer setter 26, one of the voltages tii/l of each electrode 13.14 is brought into contact with the commutator 1, and the electrode 13 to be used is brought into contact with the hook 2. At the same time, apply pressure in the welding direction.

Next, welding 1 timer setting 2! A constant current is passed through the secondary side of the welding transformer 11, that is, the hook 2, for one hour of welding set by i27. In this case, sequence control circuit 2
4 is activated, sequence control is performed so that a constant current flows through the thyristor 12 through the cycle measurement circuit 23 and the ignition pulse generation circuit 25, and at the same time, the current detection circuit 15 performs sequence control to cause a constant current to flow through the thyristor 12. detect the current,
The waveform is restored by the waveform restoration circuit 33, and the lightning current performance circuit 3
4, the current value is calculated every half cycle, and the setting device 31
Compare the current value set by a with the 51 side current (pol) by the phase conversion circuit 35, and correct the actual current value to the set current value. A constant current is applied as shown in FIG.
Due to the pressure exerted by the Δfish, it rapidly deforms along the line shown in FIG. 4(b) so as to approach the Δfish. Then, when the set one hour of welding has elapsed, the hook 2 has been exactly displaced to point A, and at that time, the constant current supply is interrupted. It is recommended that this one hour period of welding be determined in advance by conducting a fusing experiment. The displacement of the hook 2 is also detected by the displacement detection sensor 17 of the displacement measuring section 20, and when the displacement calculated by J: reaches the displacement of the point A, the comparison circuit 45 and the sequence 7i control A command to stop energization may be issued to the sequence control circuit 24 through the circuit 46.

The next cooling time is set to O recycle in this embodiment.

Next, apply a current to both the 1a poles 13 to maintain the constant voltage for 2 hours of welding set in the welding 2 timer setter 29.
, 14, that is, it flows to hook 2. In this case, as before, the sequence system 611 circuit 24 is being measured during operation. That is, the displacement detected by the displacement detection sensor 17 is detected by the displacement calculation circuit 43, and the comparison circuit 45 compares the set displacement ΔD set by the stopping distance setter 42 with the trunk side displacement, and determines the actual displacement. When reaches the set displacement ΔD, a energization stop command is issued to the sequence control circuit 24 through the sequence control circuit 46, and the energization of the constant voltage is stopped with good response after half a cycle.

Next, between the holding parts set by the holding timer setter 30, the chisel pole 13 continues to pressurize the hook 2 to quickly cool down the fusing part of the hook 2. After this holding time has elapsed, both electrodes 13, 14 are removed from hook 2 and commutator 1.

When this holding time has elapsed, the comparator circuit 45 and the displacement calculation circuit 43, whose fl movement has been delayed by the sequence control circuit 46 up to that time, are reactivated. That is, the displacement calculation circuit 43 outputs 0 as the final displacement of the hook 2 after the completion of fusing, and displays the calculated value digitally as displacement t/distance on the displacement distance display 44.
The comparison circuit 45 compares the displacement distance with the 1-limit value and the 1-limit value set by the lower limit determination setter 47 and the upper limit determination setter 48, and lights the determination display 49a if the displacement distance is less than the lower limit value. , if it is appropriate, the judgment display 49b is lit, and if the upper limit (direct) is exceeded, the judgment display 19C is lit.

Repeat the above fusing motion to 1 to 3 hooks 2.
41. After repeatedly applying and warming the electrode 13, melt JH1
and set current f+ri and set current II in [) for welding 2
The value is switched to the value set by the setter 31bJ5 and the setter 36b of condition 2, and the subsequent fusing is continued.

In this way, with J3 in this embodiment, by first passing a constant current, the hook 2 itself can be moved to a predetermined position △ or C at an early stage.
Since the hook 2 is displaced at low speed by avoiding displacement and then passing a current of a constant voltage, the hook 2 is always sufficiently suspended for fusing (), and the shape of the hook 2, Fusing with extremely high precision can be performed with high efficiency while making fine adjustments depending on the number of rotor valley wires 3 and the like. Furthermore, by switching from constant current energization to constant voltage current energization, it is possible to prevent the hook 2 and the electric current 1fi 13 themselves from becoming overheated, thereby preventing disconnection of the rotor winding 3. This makes it possible to prevent oxidation caused by heating of the solder part of the contact glue material (both not shown) made of an alloy of tungsten, molybdenum, etc. of the electrode 13. Therefore, it is possible to fuse a large number of hooks 2, 2 uniformly without causing peeling, etc., and the commutator 1
The performance of J'3 and rotor 4 can also be improved,
It becomes highly reliable.

Note that this fusing can also be used when fusing the rotor winding by inserting it into the commutator d of a large-sized rotor, and is also versatile.

In addition, three mode switchers and a mode switch 40 can change the mode of welding 1 and welding 2 to voltage, current, or electric power depending on the nature of the parts to be welded, the purpose of welding, welding conditions, etc. , lJ, Id can also provide an appropriate current conduction state for all junctions.

In addition, although the above-mentioned embodiment explained fusing, which is a type of thermal welding, the present invention can be similarly applied to resistance welding in which metal members are joined by melting them together at the joint portion. Furthermore, it can be very well applied to cases where a metal member is joined to a non-metallic member by caulking, such as when a ceramic member of a spark plug is caulked to a metal base material.

〔Effect of the invention〕

Since the method and device for joining members of the present invention are configured and operate in this manner, the displacement speed of the metal members can be maintained at an appropriate level without overheating the metal members or the electrical damage at the joining part. However, the displacement can be made as early as necessary, and a large number of joints can be joined efficiently, reliably, and evenly, and the reliability of the joints is extremely high. This has the advantage of being able to perform appropriate power supply control according to the situation.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 to 3 show one embodiment of the device of the present invention, and the first
2 is a block diagram, FIG. 3 is a front view, and FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the energization state, displacement, and time schedule when fusing is performed by the device of the present invention. Fig. 5 is a perspective view showing the hook portion for fusing, Fig. 6 is a side view taken along the line Vl-Vl of Fig. 5 showing fusing by the conventional method, and Fig. 7
Figures (a) and (b) are diagrams showing the displacement J3 and energization state of the fusing 11 according to the conventional method, respectively. 2... Hook, 3... Rotor winding, 11... Welding 1 to lance, 12... Thyristor, 13.14...
City axis 1.17...Displacement detection sensor, 18...Electrification control device, one...Timer section, 20...Displacement measurement section,
24...Sequence control circuit, 27...Welding 1 timer setter, 29...Welding 2 timer setter, 31a, 3
1b... Setting device, 32... Current range, 36a, 3
6b... Setting device, 37... Voltage range, 39.40
...Mode switch, 46...Sequence control circuit. Applicant's agent Shunsuke Nakao No. 1 Figure 2 Figure 4 Time →

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1) A member joining method in which a metal member and a metal member or a non-metal member are joined to each other by deforming the metal member, which includes heating the metal member by passing a constant current through the metal member and joining the member. After that, a current with a constant voltage is applied to the metal member to heat it, and a pressure is applied in the joining direction to further deform it, and when a predetermined amount of displacement is reached, the current with the constant voltage is applied to the metal member. A method for joining members, characterized in that the metal member and a metal member or a non-metal member are joined to each other by blocking. 2) A method for joining members according to claim 1, characterized in that the length of time from the interruption of a certain current until the time when a current having a certain voltage is passed is adjusted according to the joining conditions. . 3) The method of joining members according to claim 1, characterized in that the application of current to the metal member and the application of pressure to the metal member are performed using electrodes. 4) an electrode that presses the metal member to be joined and the metal member or non-metal member in the joining direction and energizes the metal member; a displacement detection sensor that detects the amount of displacement of the metal member during the joining process; It has an energization control device that can freely switch and energize a metal member between a constant current and a current with a constant voltage, and that cuts off the energization when the amount of displacement of the metal member reaches a predetermined value when each current is applied. A member joining device characterized by: 5) In the energization control device that controls the state of energization through the electrodes to the metal members to be welded, a timer section is provided to independently control the energization time divided into the front and rear parts. 1. An energization control device comprising: a mode switcher that can freely switch the energization state during each energization time to constant current, constant voltage, and constant power. 6) The energization control device according to claim 5, wherein the timer section divides the energization time into a front part and a rear part according to the amount of displacement of the metal member during the energization time.