JPS62104202A - Directional coupler - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To attian low cost and to preclude the possiblity of a fault occurrence by connecting one and other end of one side face of a paper-tablet dielectric base to one end of the 1st and 2nd microstrip lines and connecting one and other end of the other side face to one end of the 3rd and 4th microstrip lines. CONSTITUTION:A microwave inputted from a terminal 1 is outputted to terminals 2, 3, in different directions, which might cause inconvenience. Then the conductor pattern (e.g., copper pattern) at both side faces of the paper-tablet dielectric base is split and patterns 9, 10 formed on a side face 81 and patterns 13, 14 formed on side face 82 are connected in crossing by through-holes 11, 12, then the microwave from the terminal 1 appears at the side face 82 through the conductor pattern 9 of the side face 8a and the through hole 11 as shown in solid line arrow and is outputted from the terminal 4 through the conductor pattern 13. On the other hand, a microwave power is outputted at the terminal 13 from the conductor pattern 14 on the side face 82 through the through hole 12 by means of the electric field shown in dotted line arrow induced as shown in solid line arrow in the conductor pattern 12 of the side face 81 and the microwave is distributed and outputted from the same face.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention [Summary] In a directional coupler, four micros 1-lithoplines for input and output are formed on a printed H board such as a flow glass board, and both sides of the A strip-shaped dielectric substrate on which a conductor backbone is formed is placed on the substrate, and the corresponding line microstrisopra-ins are connected to both ends of both sides of this strip-shaped dielectric substrate. Moreover, a directional coupler with reduced cost can be obtained.

[Industrial application field]

The present invention relates to improvements in directional couplers.

In recent years, microwave power on the order of LOW has been obtained using field-effect type L-transistors or bi-1-mirror transistors, but since it is impossible to obtain such power with a single 1-run raster, manual micro After the waves are divided by the distributor, they are amplified by the corresponding transistors, and then combined again by the combiner to produce a predetermined power i′1. I'm here. In this case, a directional coupler is used as a divider or combiner, and there is a demand for a wider band and lower cost.

[Conventional technology]

The microwave band directional coupler was developed by the Institute of Electronics and Communication Engineers in 1932.
"Microwave circuit for communication" published on October 20, 2006
As stated on page 59 of , it can be divided into branch line type and distributed coupling type.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a conventional example, and FIG. 3(a) is a branch line type directional coupler of a branch line type directional coupler.
, (c), (61 indicates one of the distributed coupling type directional couplers (using the wavelength distribution coupling type, the tandem connection method, and the interdigitation method, respectively).

First, the microwave input from the branch line type terminal 2 as shown in Fig. 3(a) is distributed 2 as shown by the solid line and dotted line.
The waves are combined and output from terminals ■ and ■, but no microwave appears at terminal ■. Conversely, when microwaves are input from terminal ■, they are output from terminals ■ and ■, and no microwave appears at terminal ■.

This type is widely used because it has the simplest shape and is easy to manufacture. However, it occupies a large area, and the band where the phase difference between the two output waves is within ±5 degrees is about a fractional band. 10χ
degree and relatively narrow.

It should be noted that this circuit is formed of micro-strib lines.

The latter is a broadband version of the former, and its basic form is the wavelength distribution coupling type A shown in Figure 3 (bl). This is because, in order to obtain a coupling degree of 3 dB with a characteristic impedance of 50 Ω, the odd mode impedance Zoo is theoretically approximately 20.7 Ω, and in order to achieve this, the spacing d of the coupling lines must be 0. 5
This is because it is on the order of microns.

Note that the relationship between input and output is the same as in FIG. 3 (al).

In order to solve this problem, a method called the tandem connection method or ink digit method as shown in FIG. 3 (C1, (dl) has been proposed.

The former is 3d by connecting two stages of 8.34dB directional couplers.
In the latter case, the two-tree coupling line 2 is divided into two or several parts to increase the number of edge coupling parts, thereby increasing the coupling degree.

However, in any case, as shown in the figure, the coupled line 2
It is necessary to make a bridge connection between the two using a gold wire, but this is done by bonding by applying heat and pressure, so it cannot be used on a Teflon glass substrate because the substrate will deform, and it cannot be used on a thin film substrate. Without it, it cannot be achieved.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

As explained above, when using the tandem connection method or the ink digitization method, which has broadband characteristics, the gold pattern deposited on the entire surface of the thin pattern substrate is removed by etching, leaving only the necessary parts, which reduces costs. As it gets higher,
There is a problem in that there is a possibility of failure because the gold wire is used to bridge the coupling lines.

[Means for solving problems]

The above problem is caused by the fact that the dielectric base (first side, second side, etc.
3rd and 1st micro string line 4.5, 6
．． 7, and a strip-shaped dielectric substrate 8 having a conductor pattern formed on both side surfaces 81 and 82 is arranged, and one end and the other end of one side surface 81 of the strip-shaped dielectric substrate 8 are connected to the first and second surfaces 81 and 82. The directionality of the present invention is to connect one end of the second microstrip line 4, 5 to one end of the second microstrip line 4, 5, and connect one end and the other end of the other side surface 82 to one end of the third and fourth microstrip lines 6, 7. Solved by a combiner.

[Effect]

In the present invention, microstrip lines 4 to 7 are formed not on a thin film substrate but on the top surface of a general substrate 3 such as a Teflon glass substrate, and have appropriate height, width and length.
By connecting the rectangular dielectric substrate 8 on which a conductor pattern is formed to 1.82, "Zoo' of 2" = 20
．． Made it possible to achieve 7Ω.

That is, in the case of the A wavelength distribution combination type shown in FIG. 3 (bl),
Since the coupled line 2 is formed of a microstrip line, the height of the line is almost 0, so the distance d to obtain a coupling degree of 3 dB is a value that is difficult to achieve. However, in the present invention, the first As shown in the figure, the height H x width W is approximately 2.2, for example.
Since the rectangular dielectric substrate 8 of Xo and 6 mm was used, it became possible to realize Z00#20.7Ω.

Therefore, a -C printed circuit board can be used, and a bridge made of gold wire is no longer necessary, reducing costs and the possibility of failure.

〔Example〕

FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in the figure, microstrip lines (hereinafter abbreviated as lines) 4 to 7 are formed at predetermined intervals on the upper surface of a dielectric substrate 3 (for example, a lever/noblas substrate). Then, to separate the lines 4 and 6 and 5 and 7, for example, HXWX length is about 2.2XO, 6X
A strip-shaped dielectric substrate 8 having a conductor pattern (for example, a copper pattern) formed on all of both side surfaces 81 and 82 with a thickness of 13 mm is placed. Both sides 8 of this short dielectric substrate
Both Va and i of 1.82 are connected to one end of the line by soldering or the like.

The distance between the line 4.6 and the line 5.7 is equal to the tentative length of the dielectric strip 25, but this length determines the operating center frequency, and when it is about 13 mm, it is about 5 GIIz.
becomes.

Further, a copper pattern is formed on the entire lower surface of the dielectric substrate 3.

The operation of the directional coupler constructed in this way is as follows.

For example, the microwave power input from the ◇C 11 terminal ■ of the line 4 is output to the outside from the terminal ■ of the line 5 through the side surface 81 as shown by the solid line arrow, and is output to the outside from the terminal ■ of the line 5 as shown by the dotted line arrow. Since the electric field 4 is induced, microwaves are also output to the outside from the terminal (2) of the line 6, but no output appears at the terminal (2) of the line 7.

In addition, the bandwidth was experimentally obtained at around ±25χ of the center frequency,
The band has been made wider than before.

Next, FIG. 2 is a block diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.

3 shows a view of the rectangular dielectric substrate.

In Figure 1, the microwaves input from terminal ■ are connected to terminals ■ and ■.
The signals are output in alternate directions, which may be inconvenient depending on the application.

Therefore, the conductor patterns on both sides of the strip-shaped dielectric substrate are divided, and the pattern 9°10 formed on the side surface 81 and the pattern 9°10 formed on the side surface 81 are separated.
13.14 formed in 2 and through hole 11.12
Since the connections are made so as to cross at terminals 9 and 9, the microwave from terminal 1 is transmitted to conductor pattern 9 on side surface 81 as shown by the solid arrow. It passes through the through hole 11, appears on the side surface 82, passes through the conductive pattern 13, and is output from the terminal (2).

On the other hand, microwave power is outputted from the conductor pattern 14 on the side surface 82 to the terminal (2) through the through hole 12 by the electric field indicated by the dotted line arrow induced in the conductor pattern 12 on the side surface 81 by the solid line arrow. Therefore, they are distributed and output from the same side.

In this way, since the copper pattern is formed on the -C printed circuit board, the varnish is lowered by one layer, and the possibility of occurrence of a failure is reduced because there is no need for a gold wire to bridge between the coupling lines. Moreover, the bandwidth is several times wider than that of the branch-line type.

In addition, when used in a frequency converter, an amplifier, a variable attenuator, etc., a diode or a transistor can be directly connected to the conductive surface of the strip-shaped dielectric substrate.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained in detail above, a microwave directional coupler using a short dielectric substrate has the following effects: lower cost, wider band, and improved possibility of failure occurrence.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a block diagram of another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a conventional example. In the figure, 3 is a dielectric substrate, 4.5, 6.7 are macrostrinoplanes, 8 is a short dielectric substrate, 9.10.13.14 is a conductor pattern, -'11.12
indicates a through hole. Diagram of the groove of the protruding r'i't of the present invention

Claims (1)

[Claims] First, second, third and fourth on the top surface of dielectric substrate (3).
microstrip lines (4, 5, 6, 7) are formed, and a rectangular dielectric substrate (8) on which conductor patterns are formed on both sides (81, 82) is arranged. One end and the other end of one side (81) of the substrate are connected to the first
and the position ends of the second microstrip lines (4, 5), and connect one end and the other end of the other side surface (82) to one end of the third and fourth microstrip lines (6, 7). A directional coupler characterized in that it is configured by connecting with.