JPS62101797A - Power unit - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to mining and engineering technology, in particular to a power unit for rock breaking.

The present invention breaks an integral huge rock along a linear blast hole to cut out a rock block, and then crushes the rock block into small blocks, thereby making it possible to cut out rocks without blasting the rock components, or to construct buildings. It can be used to break the foundations of objects or cut through other sturdy scaffolding. When this power unit is applied to blastholes, it is used to weaken the top plate, which is difficult to compact in mining operations of stratified deposits, and to actively degas the coal seam. It is used for operations or also for fracturing operations of oil and gas deposits. Furthermore, it is also used to investigate and study rock escapes that are under severe pressure and deformation in natural environments. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can provide a compact yet powerful power unit in the field of metal processing industry as a means of operating press machines, jacks, cutting machines, and other equipment requiring strong directional force.

[Conventional technology]

An example of a power unit of the prior art is the Soviet inventor's certificate No. 4.
No. 20778 (C1, E21C, 39100) 197
Refer to 4th year. This power unit has one housing, and a tubular elastic container is housed along the entire length of the housing along the longitudinal axis inside the housing, and sealing members are provided at both ends of the container. The housing of the power unit of this design consists of two parts, one of which is fixedly assembled relative to the axis of the power unit and the other configured as an extendable plunger. When the pressure of the hydraulic fluid system increases, the interior space of the elastic container fills with the working medium and the container expands. While the amount of medium occupied in the elastic container is restrained by the inner wall surface of the housing, the plunger is extended and actuated onto the target object. This power unit exerts a force in a defined direction that is proportional to the area of the plunger surface in contact with the elastic container. Therefore, the efficiency of power units of designs such as those described above is low. We define this efficiency here as the ratio of the force exerted by the power unit in a given direction to the force produced by the elastic vessel. The vector of the lateral component of the working medium pressure created from the elastic container is perpendicular to the vector of the force generated from the power unit in the specified direction, and this lateral component is the force increase in the present invention. It is a component of power that is not used against the situation. Therefore, this lateral force causes deformation of the fixed portion of the housing and generates plastic strain inside. This impairs the reliable operating function of the power unit. When the working medium pressure within the elastic container increases, the transverse force component value increases as described above. This increase in the lateral component causes a gap to be formed between the plunger and the fixed portion of the housing, into which the material forming the elastic container flows. In such a state, the elastic container becomes crushed, leading to destruction. Methods of improving the rigidity of the housing either increase the metal content or significantly complicate the manufacturing method of the power unit. Attempts to increase the efficiency of the power unit described above were made in USSR Inventor Certificate No. 1,033,819 1982 (
C.L.

E21C, 37106).

The above-mentioned known power unit has a divided housing that is divided into two parts along the longitudinal direction, and inside this is a tubular elastic container and two parts.
A plurality of expandable inserts are concentrically incorporated, each insert being disposed along a side of the parting line of the housing. In a plane perpendicular to the housing axis, the insert has a trapezoidal shape with its large conical bottom side supporting the elastic container and its lateral side supported by the inner wall surface of the housing. Furthermore, two holding tubes are installed inside the power unit, each of which is provided with a joint tube for introducing the working medium into the space within the elastic container. Each end of the resilient container is positioned between the coupling tube and the holding tube. A porous tubular core is inserted longitudinally within the space of the resilient container. Each end of this porous tubular core is formed in the form of a joint tube. Each retaining tube essentially constitutes a sheath tube, which has an internal thread on its inner surface and is screwed into an external thread on the coupling tube. In this way, both holding tubes are interconnected via the porous tubular core. This holding tube is designed to seal the ends of the elastic container. When the working medium is introduced into the interior space of the resilient container, the inner wall portion of the housing is expanded by both the resilient container and the expandable insert.

In known power units, the limit force exerted by the elastic container is, for example, approximately 10 MPa, and therefore, it has not been possible to find wide applicability to the extent of cutting natural rock foundation stones to cut out rock blocks. This is because this power unit is not able to exert the required force in the specified direction, ie perpendicular to the cutting plane. This can be explained by the fact that a generally axial load on the tubular core causes it to stretch. This creates a gap between the end of the housing and the end tube of each retaining tube facing the resilient container. The material of the elastic container flows into this gap and ruptures the container. Moreover, the aforementioned stretching effect of the core reduces the sealing effect of the elastic container, leading to leakage of the working medium. Moreover, the stretching effect of the core can be reduced by increasing the cross-sectional area of the core. However, doing so would significantly increase the overall dimensions and metal content of the power unit, and furthermore, if the original overall dimensions of the power unit were to be maintained, the operating length of the moving parts of the housing would increase. This also undesirably increases the pressure per unit area at the side surface portion of the insert that contacts the inner wall surface of the housing. This requires the application of special materials and the use of lubricants.

It should be noted that a trapezoidal shape for the expandable insert is also not suitable. This results in uneven support of the inflatable portion of the housing towards the surface of the blast hole or drilled hole, in which case a void is formed between the side surface of each insert and the inner wall surface of the housing; This is because the material of the elastic container flows into the gap.

Hereinafter, the present invention is primarily aimed at the reliable operation of a power unit, in which case the exemplary design of the holding tube absorbs the tensile forces generated within the elastic container. This reduces the overall dimensions and metal content of the power unit, resulting in a substantial increase in the force transmitted from the working medium to the workpiece.

[Means for solving problems]

This is achieved by the following power unit: The power unit includes a longitudinally segmented split housing within which a tubular resilient container is concentrically integrated, and two inflatable inserts, each insert splitting the housing. A large base portion of trapezoidal cross-section in a plane arranged on the side of the line and perpendicular to the housing axis supports the elastic container, the conical side surface of which is supported by the inner wall surface of the housing. Furthermore, two holding tubes are provided, each of which is provided with a joint tube for introduction into the internal space of the elastic container, and each end portion of the elastic container is installed between the joint tube and the holding tube. In the configuration,
According to the present invention, each of the holding tubes has a flange to be loaded into an annular recess formed in the inner peripheral surface of the housing, and an elastic member surrounding the annular elastic container is incorporated in the flange, and further The coupling tube is configured to provide longitudinal movement within the storage.

Embodiments with such a power unit configuration have a wide range of applications, for example, for the purpose of investigating the stress state of the earth's crust, to create a crack in a hole drilled within the rock boundary without blasting the rock, it can be used to It is used to break hollow foundation stones made of strong natural rocks without blasting them. This action is achieved by exerting a maximum directional force generated by the power unit, since the axial force is mainly extracted as a longitudinal component of the working medium pressure in the elastic vessel, and the power unit Based on the fact that it is absorbed by the housing. This operation is made easy by arranging the flanges of each holding tube within a circular annular recess formed in the inner wall surface of each split housing.

Now, the housing of the power unit of the present invention has become able to absorb substantial axial forces, and this is due to the cross-sectional area of the power unit disclosed in USSR Inventor's Certificate No. This is because the cross-sectional area of the tubular core of the unit is much larger than that of the unit.

This increases the longitudinal stiffness of the power unit, thus eliminating the need for a tubular core, reducing the metal content, and simplifying the method of manufacturing the power unit. During operation of the power unit, the housing segments absorb substantial axial forces and the structure of the power unit is placed under preload. This eliminates plastic deformation of the inner wall of the housing,
Improves the reliability and durability of the power unit. When the working medium pressure in the elastic container increases significantly due to the increase in the axial rigidity of the power unit, the reliability of operation is reduced because the micro gap between the housing and the holding tube that would otherwise occur when high pressure is generated is reduced. improve.

Further, these microgaps are removed by the expansion action of the elastic members surrounding the tubular elastic container, each of which is disposed within an annular recess formed on the inner wall surface of the housing. Each of the resilient members contacts the surface of the retaining tube, the surface of the circular annular recess, and the expandable insert member. This prevents the material of the elastic container from flowing into the cavity.

The operational reliability of the power unit at high pressures, where the pressure of the working medium in the elastic container exceeds 100 MPa, is thus increased.

It is advantageous if the power unit is provided with two sheath tubes. Each of these sheath tubes is firmly connected to a holding tube, and a cylindrical passage having a conical surface conjugate to the conical surface is formed in the center to receive the joint tube, and the generatrix of the conical surface is the head of the joint tube. The angle of inclination relative to the longitudinal axis corresponds to the angle of inclination of the conical surface generatrix. The generatrix of the conical surface formed in the holding tube has an inclination angle with respect to the longitudinal axis of the holding tube corresponding to the inclination angle of the generatrix of another conical surface of the joint tube head. The conical surfaces of the sheath tube and retaining tube face each other at the larger conical base of each cone.

During assembly of the power unit, the ends of the resilient container are clamped between generally conical surfaces.

When the working medium is introduced under pressure into the interior space of the elastic container through the coupling tube, its end portion is additionally provided with a self-sealing effect. This is because the joint tube is adapted to perform longitudinal movement within the limits tolerated by the elastic modulus of the material of the elastic container. The greater the pressure in the interior space of the elastic container, the greater the effect of the end-to-end clamping between the coupling tube head and each conical surface of the interior space of the holding tube. This is high pressure (100MPa
This avoids crushing of the elastic container due to the thickness of the platform, thereby increasing the force exerted by the power unit. The reliability of the sealing action of the elastic vessel end is thus improved accordingly, with a force proportional to the increase in the pressure of the working medium in the elastic vessel on the conical surface of the joint tube head.

Preferably, each of the resilient members is fabricated in the form of an annular ring member of conical shape and is mounted within a conical recess formed in the end portion of the retaining tube flange and mounted on a washer located within the circular recess of the housing. supports the large bottom side of the cone. The implementation of the elastic member in the form of a conical ring member exhibits a wedge action when a force is transmitted to the washer, which wedge action is caused by the annular ring that occurs between the retaining tube flange and the movable component during the operation of the power unit. It closes the microscopic voids. This is due to the fact that the conical ring member is capable of radial expansion and is supported by its large conical base against an axially movable washer, e.g. a metal washer. A phenomenon occurs. Expansion of the tubular elastic container causes a certain amount of radial expansion in the conical ring member, forcing its washer surface with its conical base surface against the surfaces of the housing divider and the expandable insert member. This offsets the annular microvoid formed under high pressure and thus prevents the flow of the elastic container material into the microcavity. This leads to improved reliability of the power unit.

The power unit according to the invention finds wide application across various industrial fields, for example in mining engineering and construction. That is, (a) It is used for the work of cutting out a rock mass by breaking a large rock foundation along a linear blast hole and collapsing the fractured rock into small blocks, and (b) when the blasting method is impossible. , It can be used as a non-circular drive power source for tunnels, sideways and other mining operations, 3. It can be used to destroy the sturdy scaffolding and foundation structures of old buildings, and 2. It can be used to level the slopes of construction roads. , It can be used for water source development and various other purposes in mountainous areas. E. It can be used to weaken roofs that are difficult to crush so that they can be easily destroyed. Degassing operations and active safety cracks can be used to create holes and prevent sudden explosions; It can be used to study the deformation state, strength properties, and stress state of a rock mass with strength at the location of a borehole.

Moreover, the power unit according to the present invention can be used in the machine building industry and the metal processing industry as a universal drive means for exerting a directional actuation force, taking into consideration its simplicity, large power output and high reliability. I can do it. That is, it can be used in heavy-duty press and press tools (for uniform width and circumferential compression) with total forces of up to 100,000 1-tons and more, and which require an essentially 71 actuation process. It is used for powerful jacking when not working, and can be applied to cutting machines for cutting steel plates, wire ropes, chains, and other materials.

The power unit according to the present invention is expected to be applied as an operating means for industrial robots.

Hereinafter, Kinpaku [Example] For example, for rock cutting work in which a huge rock foundation stone formed along a linear blast hole is cut out to cut out a rock mass, and then this is crushed into small lumps. The designed power unit according to the present invention has the following configuration. That is, in FIG. 1, a tubular elastic container 2 is installed in a concentric arrangement inside a housing 1 which is divided in the longitudinal direction. Both ends of this elastic container 2 are inserted into the inner end portions of the joint tube 3, respectively.

Both ends of the elastic container 2 are fastened and fixed between a holding tube 4 having a flange 4 and a sheath tube 6. This sheath pipe 6 is the joint pipe 3
has a cylindrical channel with a corresponding surface conjugate to one conical surface for insertion into its interior, the generatrix of this conical surface having an angle of inclination to the longitudinal axis of the sheath 6, and this angle corresponds to the inclination angle of the generatrix of the conical surface formed at the head of the joint tube 3. Furthermore, the generatrix of the conical surface formed on the inner surface of the holding tube 4 has an angle of inclination with respect to the longitudinal axis of the holding tube, which angle of inclination is equal to the generatrix of another conical surface formed on the head of the coupling tube 3. The conical surfaces of the sheath tube 6 and the holding tube 4 are connected to each other facing each other at the large bottom sides of both conical portions. Tubular elastic container 2
Both end portions are located between the upper and lower conical surface portions of the head of the joint tube 3 and the sheath tube 6, and are tightened by a nut 7 and a washer 8. Both sides of the dividing line of the housing 1 are loaded with expandable inserts 9 (FIG. 2), each insert 9 having a trapezoidal cross-section when viewed in a plane perpendicular to the housing axis.

The insertion member 9 supports the outer surface of the annular elastic container 2 via an insert 10 made of an elastic material. A conical recess is formed in the end face of the flange 5 of the holding tube 4 (Fig. 1),
An elastic element 11 formed as a conical ring body is loaded into this recess, and the bottom surface of the conical ring body is supported by a washer 12. The elastic ring 13 is surrounded by a rigid restraining ring 14 and fitted into a circular groove provided on the outer circumferential surface of the housing 1 .

This power unit operates as follows. When a working pressure medium is introduced into the interior of the tubular elastic container 2 through the coupling tube 3, the elastic container 2 expands.

In this case, the expansion force is transmitted through both the elastic container 2 and the expandable insert 9 to the respective parts of the two halves of the housing 1. Under the pressure of the working medium in the internal space of the elastic container, the coupling tube 3 moves in the direction of the longitudinal axis within limits controlled by the elastic modulus of the material of the elastic container 2, thereby causing self-reflection at both ends of the elastic container. Sealing action is ensured.

In this case, the greater the pressure of the working medium in the inner space of the elastic container, the more the conical surface of the head of the joint pipe 3 and the holding pipe 4
The tightening acting on the ends between each internal surface of
It must be kept in mind that the This avoids the crushing effect of the elastic container 2 at high pressures of about 100 MPa. The pressure of this working medium is transmitted through the tubular elastic container 2 to the conical ring body 11 and causes this ring body 11 to elastically expand in its radial direction.

As a result of this, this conical ring body 11 presses the washer 12 against the surface of the expandable insert 90 as well as against the side surfaces of the circular recess formed in the inner side of the housing 1. At this time, the holding tube 4 is rigidly fixed against longitudinal deformation.

This compensates for the annular microvoid formed under high pressure. In this way, the flow action of the elastic container 2 in the microgap is prevented. When the operating pressure is reduced to zero, all movable element parts of the power unit return to their original state and return to the action of the elastic ring 13 pressed under the restraint of the rigid restraint ring 14.

The adoption of a particular power unit substantially saves the production power in construction stone quarrying and processing operations, improves its safety, and simplifies the type of underground mining processing technology. The use of the power unit in the field of machine construction and metal processing as a powerful drive device for operating means of presses and jacks allows the structure to be simplified and the overall size of the structure to be reduced.

〔Effect of the invention〕

The economic efficiency of the invention may be achieved by selecting a particular embodiment available for one of the fields of application. A power unit manufactured according to the present invention, i.e., length 40 marks,
A power unit with an outer diameter of 42 mm produces a force of 3001 -tons when the working medium pressure in its elastic container is equal to 100 MPa. This pressure can be used as an actuating means to fracture the solid rock along the linear blast hole.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway schematic front view of a power unit throat according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line nn, which is obtained by rotating FIG. 1 by 90'. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Housing, 2... Tubular elastic container, 3... Joint pipe, 4... Holding pipe, 5... Flange of holding pipe, 6... Sheath pipe, 7... Nut, 8... Washer, 9... Expandable insertion member, 10... Intermediate, 11... Conical ring member, 12... Washer, 13... Elastic ring, 14... Rigidity restriction ring.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A tubular elastic container (2) is installed concentrically inside a longitudinally divided housing (1), and two expandable insertion members are inserted into the housing (1). The large bottom side of the trapezoidal cross section disposed along the side parting line and in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the housing supports the elastic container (2), and the side side of the trapezoid is supported by the inner wall surface of the housing (1). Further, each of the two holding tubes (4) is provided with a joint tube (3) for introducing a working fluid into the space inside the elastic container (2). In a power unit in which each end portion is arranged and formed between the connecting pipe (3) and the holding pipe (4), the holding pipe (4)
) is formed with a flange (5), and the flange (5) is formed on each of the flanges (
5) is disposed in a circular annular recess formed on the inner wall surface of the housing (1), and an elastic member surrounding the tubular elastic container (2) is accommodated in the flange, and the joint tube (3) is A power unit, characterized in that it is arranged in a holding tube (4) to produce a longitudinal movement. 2. Each of the two sheath tubes (6) is rigidly connected to said retaining tube 4 and has a cylindrical central passage in its central part conjugately connected with a conical surface for receiving said coupling tube (3). furthermore, the generatrix of said conical surface has an inclination angle with respect to the longitudinal axis of the sheath tube (6) corresponding to the inclination angle of the conical surface of the head of the coupling tube (3); Holding tube (4
) has an angle of inclination with respect to the longitudinal axis of the retaining tube (4) corresponding to the angle of inclination of the other conical surface generatrix formed in the joint tube head. The power source according to claim 1, wherein the sheath tube (6) and the holding tube (4) are assembled with their square conical surfaces facing each other with their large bottom sides facing each other. unit. 3. Each of the elastic members has a conical ring member (11
) and which is inserted into a conical recess formed in the end face of the flange (5) of the holding tube (4) and whose large cone is inserted into a washer (12) arranged in the housing (1). The power unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the power unit is configured to support the bottom side.