JPS6197698A - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument that achieves acoustic effects similar to the acoustic characteristics of a natural musical instrument.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, the entire waveform from the start to the end of a musical tone, or a multi-cycle waveform of a part thereof, is stored in a waveform memory, and by reading out the waveform stored in this waveform memory, a musical instrument that closely approximates that of a natural musical instrument is created. There is a musical tone generator that can generate high-quality musical tone signals (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 52
-121313).

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, although the musical sound signal generated by this musical sound generator is extremely similar to the musical sound waveform of a natural musical instrument,
When sounded, the spatial depth of the sound effect is decisively different from that of natural instruments.

[Means for solving problems]

An object of the present invention is to provide an electronic musical instrument that can obtain acoustic effects similar to those of a natural musical instrument. a storage means that stores waveform information regarding the picked up sounds for each of the pitches; a plurality of speakers spatially arranged corresponding to the pickup locations; and a pitch designation means that designates the pitch of the musical sound to be generated. a musical tone signal forming means for reading out waveform information stored in the storage means corresponding to the pitch specified by the pitch specifying means and forming a musical tone signal corresponding to the pitch; and the musical tone signal forming means. supply means is provided for supplying the musical tone signal formed by the musical tone signal to a speaker disposed corresponding to a location where the waveform information used in forming the musical tone signal is picked up among the plurality of speakers.

[Effect]

If you pick up sounds related to each pitch (or a specific pitch within each range) at multiple points on the body of a natural instrument,
Even if the pitch is the same at each pick-up location, musical tone elements such as amplitude and waveform shape will differ. Therefore, each musical tone signal is formed based on the waveform information regarding the sound obtained by pink amplifying the natural musical instrument in this way, and each musical tone signal is picked up from the waveform information used to form the musical tone signal. By emitting sound from speakers placed in corresponding locations, musical tones with exactly the same acoustic characteristics as natural musical instruments can be obtained.

〔Example〕

FIG. 4 is an overall block diagram showing an embodiment of an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention, which is designed to obtain acoustic effects similar to those of a piano. It is configured.

The musical sound signal generating section 1 is configured to generate n pieces (n≧
At each position of 2), a waveform memory is provided that stores waveform information of the sound picked up from the rising part to the falling part of the piano sound for each pitch in, for example, PCM encoding format. When the sound of C2 is specified, the waveform information of the pitch 02 note obtained at each pickup position is read out at the same time, and based on this waveform information, a musical tone signal (digital signal) respectively.

The amplifier circuit section 2 converts each of the musical tone signals generated in this way into an analog signal, and outputs the speaker SP of the speaker section 3 corresponding to the pink-up point of the waveform information that is the basis for forming each of these musical tone signals. , ~SPn'.

The n speakers SP1 to SPn of the speaker section 3 are arranged corresponding to each pickup location on the above-described soundboard.

Therefore, by supplying n musical tone signals per note outputted from the amplifier circuit section 2 to each of the speakers SP1%SPn, the note specified to be produced has the same spatial spread as when it was picked up. Pronounced as a sound with acoustic characteristics.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the musical tone signal generating section 1, which includes musical tone signal forming circuits 10-1 to 10-n of the same number as the number of speakers n of the speaker section 3 and pitch specifying means. It is composed of a keyboard circuit 11 and a readout control circuit 12, and the musical tone signal forming circuit 10-1 receives waveform information WD (C2) to WD obtained when each tone of pitch 02 to C8 is picked up at the position of the speaker SPl. Waveform memories M8P1 (Cz) to MS P1 (Ca
) is provided. Similarly, musical tone signal forming circuit 1
0-2 to 10-8 are waveform memories N that store waveform information VD (C2) to WD (C8) obtained when sounds of pitch C2 to C8 are picked up at each position of speakers sp2 to spn, respectively. (Sr1(C,)~MSP2(C8)
, MSPs (C2) to MSP3 (C,),...M
S P n (C2) ~ M S P n (Cs)
are provided for each.

On the other hand, the keyboard circuit 11 is provided with keys of pitches 02 to C8, and when one or more of these keys is pressed at the same time, an address signal corresponding to the pitch of the pressed key is read out to the readout control circuit 11. Each musical tone signal forming circuit 10-1 is formed by
~10-n, waveform memory MSP+(Cz)~
MSPI (C8),...”MS P n (C2)
~MS P n (Cs) Waveform information is read from the waveform memory corresponding to the pitch of the pressed key.

Each piece of waveform information read out corresponding to the pitch of the pressed key is supplied as a musical tone signal to the amplifier circuit section 2, where it is converted into an analog musical tone signal. Thereafter, musical tones are produced by the corresponding speakers Sp and -5pn, respectively.

For example, if keys of pitch C2 and C#2 are pressed, pitch C in each musical tone signal forming circuit 10-1 to 10-n
Waveform memo IJ M SPI (C
2) , MSPt (C”2) , MSP2 (C2)
, MSP2(C"2),"MSPn(Cz), MSP
Waveform information WD (C,), W stored in n(C”z)
D (C"2) is read out in parallel and converted into an analog signal by the amplifier circuit section 2, and then transmitted to n speakers SP, -8P.
n simultaneously.

As a result, from speaker SPl, this speaker SP
Musical tones corresponding to the characteristics of the sounds when the piano tones of pitches 02 and C2 are picked up at the pick-up location on the soundboard corresponding to the arrangement position t are produced. Other speakers SP2~
Similarly, regarding SPn, these speakers SP2 to S
Musical tones corresponding to the characteristics of the sounds when the respective piano tones of pitches C2 and 02 are picked up at the arrangement position Pn are produced. As a result, an acoustic effect with a spatial spread similar to that of actually playing a piano can be obtained.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the musical tone signal generating section 1. As shown in FIG. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 described above, each speaker SP
, -SPn, respectively, are provided for each pitch of 02 to C8, but this increases the number of waveform memories. Therefore, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, for example, 3
One waveform memory is provided for each key range consisting of three keys, and when the center key among the three keys is pressed, the waveform memory is accessed at a predetermined standard rate, and when the lowest pitch key is pressed, the waveform memory is accessed at a predetermined standard rate. Access is made at a rate 100 cents lower than the standard rate, and when the highest pitch key is pressed, access is made at a rate 100 cents higher than the standard rate, in order to save waveform memory. In addition, 02
The keys for ~C8 are 73 keys in total, and if the key range is divided into every three keys, there will be one key for C8 left. For this reason,
For this CB key, the highest range key is A 7 r A”
? rB? The highest pitch key group is made up of four keys, and when the C8 key is pressed, the waveform memory is accessed at a rate 200 cents higher than the standard rate corresponding to the A town key. .

Specifically, a musical tone signal forming circuit 10, a keyboard circuit 11, a key assigner 1, an address signal generating circuit 14,
It is composed of a key range detection circuit 15. The musical tone signal forming circuit 10 is provided with the same number of musical tone signal forming circuits 10-1 to 10-n as the number of speakers n, and each of the musical tone signal forming circuits 10-1 to 10-n has C2 to C8. The same number of waveform memories MSPI (1) to MS P as the number of divisions when the key is divided into 24 key groups as described above.
1 (24).

MSP2(1) ~MSP2(24),” MSP n
(1) to MSp n (24) are provided. Then, each of these waveform memories MSP, (1) ~MSPo(
24), the pitch of the center key in each key group ("
2 + E2 + G2 + A#2, . . . ) are respectively picked up and amplified at pickup points on the soundboard corresponding to the positions of the speakers SP1 to SPn. Waveform information is stored therein. That is, speaker S
Each waveform memory MSP&(1) to MSPt(24) of the musical tone signal forming circuit 10-1 corresponding to P, picks up a piano sound corresponding to the center key of each key group at the position of the speaker spl. Waveform information WD (C
“2), WD (E2), WD (G2), WD (A”2)
...WD (A",) is stored. This is the same for the other musical tone signal forming circuits 10-2 to 10-n, and in FIG. 3, only the circuit 10-1 is representative. and are illustrated in detail.

On the other hand, the keyboard circuit 11 is provided with keys of pitches C2 to C8, and when one or more of these keys is pressed, the pressed key is detected by the key assigner 13.

Then, the key assigner 13 assigns the key code KC corresponding to each pressed key to one of the plurality of sound generation channels, and time-divisionally outputs the key code KC assigned to each sound generation channel. Further, when the key assigner 13 assigns the key code KC of a new pressed key to each sound generation channel, it outputs one key-on pulse KONP corresponding to the channel.

In this case, since two or three keys may be pressed at the same time within the same key group, the key assigner 13 uses the key code K of the pressed key assigned to each sound generation channel.
C and key-on pulse KONP are output in a time-division manner.

The key code KC output from key assigner 13 is:
Octave code QC (3
Note code NC (4 bit) and note code representing the note name of the key pressed
Of these, the upper two bits of the octave code OC and note code NC are supplied to the key range detection circuit 15 as data indicating which of the 24 key groups the pressed key belongs to. Further, the lower two bits of the note code NC are supplied to the address signal generation circuit 14 as data indicating which key in the key group the pressed key is.

When the lower two bits of the note code NC of the pressed key assigned to each sound generation channel are input, the address signal generation circuit 14 determines whether the pressed key is in the center position in each key group based on the lower two bits of this note code NC. key, the lowest pitched key, or the highest pitched key, and if it corresponds to the central key, outputs an address signal that changes at a predetermined standard rate.

Also, if it is the lowest pitched key, an address signal that changes at a rate 100 cents lower than the address signal for the center key is output, and conversely, if it is the highest pitched key, it will output an address signal that changes at a rate 100 cents higher than the address signal for the center key. Outputs an address signal. In this case, the address signal is time-divisionally output in synchronization with the time-division timing of each sound generation channel. Note that the address signal of each sound generation channel is initialized by the key-on pulse KONP supplied from the key assigner 16.

Note that the highest range key group (A7, A, 7, B
7°Cs), an address signal that changes at a rate 200 cents higher than the rate corresponding to A#7 is output as described above.

On the other hand, the key range detection circuit 15 detects which of the 24 key groups the pressed key belongs to based on the upper two bits of the octave code OC and note code NC of each sound generation channel input from the key assigner 16, Based on the detection result, enable signals EN1 to EN24 are supplied to the waveform memory of the corresponding key group. For example, if the pressed key belongs to the key group C2r C"2 p D2, the waveform memo IJMSPl(1), MS
An enable signal EN1 is supplied to P2(1), . . . MS P n(1).

As a result, only the waveform memory corresponding to the key group to which the pressed key belongs becomes readable.

Therefore, when an address signal with a change rate corresponding to the pitch of the pressed key is given to each waveform memory from the address signal generation circuit 14, the waveform information stored in the waveform memory that is in a readable state is reflected in the change in the address signal. It is read out at a speed corresponding to the rate. That is, waveform information corresponding to the pitch of the pressed key is read from the waveform memory of the key group to which the pressed key belongs.

The waveform information read out for each sound generation channel in this way is synthesized by the synthesis circuit MX, and then sent to the amplifier circuit section 2.
After being converted into an analog signal by
-Supplied to 5po.

As a result, similar to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, musical tones with acoustic characteristics having a spatial spread similar to that of actually playing a piano are produced.

In the above embodiment, a case has been described in which musical tones having the acoustic characteristics of a piano are generated, but it goes without saying that the present invention can be similarly applied to other natural musical instruments such as a guitar.

Further, in FIG. 2, a waveform memory is provided for each key, and in FIG. 3, a waveform memory is provided for each key group, but the two may be combined as appropriate. For example, a waveform memory may be provided for each key for the range C2 to BS in the musical tone signal forming circuit 10-1, and for each key group for other ranges. Or musical tone signal forming circuits 10-1 to 10-3.
For 10-8 to 10-n, 10-4 to 1 for each key.
For keys 0 to 7, a waveform memory may be provided for each key group.

On the other hand, when picking up sounds such as six keys or the center key of a key group, the amplitude of some sounds may be very small depending on the pick-up position, so the waveform memory that stores the waveform information of such sounds is omitted. I don't mind.

Furthermore, it goes without saying that the number of speakers and tone signal forming circuits in the embodiment, or the number of keys in a key group is not limited to those in the embodiment, as long as the number of speakers and tone signal forming circuits is two or more.

Furthermore, although we have explained that each waveform memory stores the entire waveform from the rise (start of sound) to the fall (end of sound) of the musical tone, these waveform memories store the entire waveform of the rise of the musical tone and the subsequent waveform. It is also possible to store only a part of the waveform.

In addition, instead of storing all the waveform information at each sample point of the waveform to be stored in the waveform memory, only the waveform information at discrete sample points is stored, and the waveform information at intermediate sample points is calculated by interpolation. You can do it like this. In addition, the multi-period waveform stored in the waveform memory is
The force may consist not only of continuous multiple cycles but also discrete multiple cycles. For example, the period from the rise to the fall of a musical tone may be divided into multiple frames, and for each frame, only the waveform information of a typical I period or two periods of the waveform may be stored, and this waveform information may be sequentially switched and read out repeatedly. Furthermore, if necessary, at the time of this waveform switching, the previous waveform and the next new waveform may be interpolated to form waveform information that changes rapidly. Alternatively, the waveform information disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 58-142396 may be stored and this waveform information may be read out repeatedly. In this way, the capacity of the waveform memory can be further reduced.

Furthermore, the encoding method of the waveform information stored in the waveform memory is not limited to the above-mentioned PCM method, but also the differential PCM method, delta modulation method (DM method), adaptive PCM method (ADPCM method), adaptive delta modulation method (ADDMM method), etc. In that case, the musical tone signal forming circuit demodulates not only the waveform memory but also the waveform memory reading and fan output according to its encoding method (PCM It shall also be equipped with a demodulation circuit for obtaining a signal.

As a more advanced method of storing waveform information in the waveform memory, it is also possible to store the waveform of the sound when a natural instrument is actually played, or to generate the same sound as when played, and A method may also be used in which the amplitude level and the like of the signal are adjusted as appropriate in accordance with the position of the speaker and stored.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, in the present invention, a musical tone signal is formed based on waveform information of sounds picked up at multiple locations on the main body of a natural musical instrument, and this musical tone signal is produced from speakers placed corresponding to pickup positions of the waveform information. As a result, it is possible to obtain acoustic effects with spatial expansion similar to natural musical instruments.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an overall block diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing one embodiment of the musical tone signal generating section, and FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the musical tone signal generating section. It is. 1... Musical tone signal generation section, 2... Amplification circuit section, 3...
- Speaker section, 10-1 to 10-n... musical tone signal forming circuit, 11... keyboard circuit, 12... readout control circuit, 13... key assigner.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] Storage means that stores waveform information regarding sounds picked up at a plurality of locations on a natural musical instrument body for each of a plurality of pitches or specific pitches within each of a plurality of pitch ranges; a plurality of speakers spatially arranged in correspondence with each other, a pitch specifying means for specifying the pitch of a musical sound to be generated, and a pitch specified by the pitch specifying means stored in the storage means. a musical tone signal forming means for reading waveform information from the plurality of speakers and forming a musical tone signal corresponding to the pitch; and a supply means for supplying the waveform information to a speaker disposed corresponding to a location where the waveform information is picked up.