JPS6187402A - Antenna using plural dielectrics - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain an antenna with small size, light weight and high gain by arranging stereoscopically plural dielectric rods and providing an electromagnetic horn to a focus of the dielectric rod groups. CONSTITUTION:The dielectric rod 2 is arranged stereoscopically. The electromagnetic wave caught by the tip of each dielectric rod 2 is subjected to mode conversion, propagates in the dielectric rod 2, and is converted again into an electromagnetic wave from the the rear end and irradiated secondarily. In this case, all the secondary radiation electromagnetic waves are matched for the phase at the inlet of a circular electromagnetic horn 4 and then concentrated. The plural dielectric rods 2 arranged stereoscopically act like, so to speak, a lens and the electromagnetic horn 4 is placed at the focus. The reception antenna formed in this way is useful as the transmission antenna. Thus, the antenna with small size, light weight and high gain is obtained in this way.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) This invention is a combination of an m* dielectric and a lightning [41] horn.
Regarding the ζ antenna.

(Prior art) A parabolic antenna as shown in Fig. 4 has been well known as an antenna capable of operating in the microwave region.
Since the reflector 1 exhibits a large resistance to wind, sufficient strength design was required.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3, there is one in which a dielectric rod 2 made of MfJ Ti 03 ceramics is used as a radiator. ('Proceeding of 7 he
IEE, Vol. 56, No. 1
1, November 1968. D2000
~p2010) In the figure, 3 is a waveguide. It has a shape in which the dielectric strength increases and the diameter gradually decreases after passing through a constant diameter portion.

The number of dielectric rods 3 is 15, 20 (l [3
However, for satellite broadcast reception, it was not practical to use one because it required the use of 40d L3 Ill. Therefore, it is conceivable to combine a plurality of dielectric rods into an array. Each time the multiple water is increased, the gain should increase by +3 dB, but the array type requires a phase shifter. Since this phase shifter is expensive and increases insertion loss, a high gain antenna without such a phase shifter has been desired.

(Object of Defense) Therefore, the object of this invention is to obtain an antenna with high gain at low cost.

Another object of the invention is to provide an antenna that is small, lightweight, strong against wind, and easy to install.

The gist of this invention is to have a plurality of dielectrics distributed three-dimensionally along the arrival direction of electromagnetic waves or the first direction of electromagnetic waves, and to have an electric bed tone that couples with the group of dielectrics. The incoming electric H1 wave is captured by each dielectric, and then the secondary h1. The river salmon and secondary home direction are concentrated on the electromagnetic horn, and the electromagnetic waves generated by each secondary wave are aligned at the entrance of the electromagnetic horn.For transmission, the electromagnetic waves are radiated from the electromagnetic horn. The resulting electromagnetic waves are captured by each dielectric, and the directivity is strengthened from the tip so that they are radiated secondary.

(Embodiment) FIG. 1 is a side view schematically showing a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a front view thereof. The dielectric rod 2 is drawn as a simple cylinder for ease of drawing, but its actual shape is as shown in FIG. This dielectric rod 2 may be a circular tube or a square column instead of a cylinder, and as described later,
It may be curved to match the curvature of a quasi-optical lens formed of a dielectric group. The dielectric rods 2 are arranged three-dimensionally, or in other words, spread out three-dimensionally.

If this antenna is used for reception, the electromagnetic waves captured at the tip of each dielectric rod 2 will be mode-converted and sent to the dielectric rod 2.
The wave propagates inside, is converted back into electromagnetic waves (circularly polarized waves) from the rear end, and is emitted as secondary radiation. At this time, all the secondary radiation was? l? so that the 1iIl waves are phase-matched and concentrated at the entrance of the circular electromagnetic horn 4. 4 has been completed. In other words, a plurality of dielectric rods 2 arranged three-dimensionally act as a lens, and a horn 4 is placed in the focusing device. The secondary radiation may be directly emitted from the rear end of each dielectric rod 2, or the electric current may be transmitted by wire to the vicinity of 4 and then secondary radiated. Low repellency and dielectric constant of 2~
Use the one ranked 100th. In order to have a lens effect,
This can be achieved by increasing the length of each dielectric rod from the center of the group of dielectric rods toward the periphery, making them inclined, making them arcuate, lowering the dielectric constant, or adjusting the mutual spacing. It goes without saying that the reception antenna configured in this way is also useful as it is for transmission.

Incidentally, if a solid dielectric with a low dielectric constant (εΦ 1), which has recently been used for 60 years, is used to support the dielectric rod 2, deterioration of the characteristics of the dielectric rod due to the support can be prevented. At this time, if the mutual spacing between the dielectric rods is made variable, alignment with the air can be easily achieved. The arrangement of the dielectric rods is not limited to the radial arrangement shown in the second figure.

5 and 6 show another embodiment. The one shown here is straight 1! It is a polarized wave, and the electric field direction coincides with the width direction of the dielectric plate 2-. The dielectric plate 2' may be one in which each side is straight, or one in which the outer shape of the main plane is as shown in FIG. A rectangular electromagnetic horn 4' is used. Other configurations and modifications are the same as those in the examples shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

J3, a platform that has a lens effect, can convert linearly polarized waves to circularly polarized waves or vice versa by adjusting the phase difference, and even for circularly polarized waves, it can be used to convert clockwise and then counterclockwise.
Alternatively, the antenna of the present invention can also be used as a polarization converter since it can be converted in the opposite direction.

(Effects of the Invention) As is clear from the above embodiments, this defense is based on arranging a plurality of dielectric materials with high directivity to have a lens effect, and transmitting converged electromagnetic waves to electromagnetic waves (received by an 0-horn). , or the reverse route, eliminating the need for a phase shifter or a combining circuit.Therefore, the antenna is inexpensive, strong against wind, small, and lightweight, and can be used in general homes for satellite broadcast reception, for example. It is the best choice for making a difference.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a side view of the Mokubomei embodiment, Fig. 2 is a front view, Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the conventional example, Fig. 4 is a side view of the parabolic antenna, and Fig. 5 is a modification of the present invention. Figure 6 is a front view, 2 is a dielectric rod, 2'' is a dielectric volume, and 4.4' is an electromagnetic horn. O. fi3 mouth

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) A plurality of dielectric bodies are distributed three-dimensionally along the direction of arrival of electromagnetic waves or the direction of radiation of electromagnetic waves, and an electromagnetic horn is provided that couples with the group of dielectric bodies. The electromagnetic waves are captured by a dielectric material and then radiated secondarily, and the direction of the secondary radiation is concentrated on the electromagnetic horn, and each secondary radiated electromagnetic wave is aligned at the entrance of the electromagnetic horn. , an antenna characterized by capturing electromagnetic waves radiated from an electromagnetic horn with each dielectric material and increasing the directivity from the tip so that the electromagnetic waves are secondary radiated. (2) The antenna according to claim (1), wherein the dielectric body is a rod-shaped body and is used for circularly polarized waves. (3) The antenna according to claim (1), wherein the dielectric material is a plate-like material and is used for linearly polarized waves. (4) A receiving antenna with a dielectric group configured so that the polarization state is converted and reaches the electromagnetic horn, or a transmitting antenna with a dielectric group configured so that the polarization state is converted and secondary radiation is emitted from the tip. An antenna according to claim (1), characterized in that: