JPS6184441A - Control device in synchromesh type speed change gear unit - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a suitable operation load, by providing stopper members on an intermediate member between an actuator for driving a shift fork, and a synchromesh device, and by disposing springs for accumulating the load of shift operation, between the stopper members and retainers. CONSTITUTION:A shift fork control device comprises a first or second shift fork, a third or fourth shift fork 367, etc. The third or fourth shift fork 367 is fixed to a relatively large diameter section 31 of a shift fork shaft 366 as an intermediate member which is driven by a three-position type hydraulic actuator 2a. In this arrangement retainer members 4A, 4B as stopper members are locked to stepped parts 34a, 34b on both sides of the center section 31 of the shaft 366 while retainers 6A, 6B are locked to the shaft 366, being opposed to the retainers 4A, 4B, and springs 7A, 7B are disposed between retainers 4A, 6A and 4B, 6B, respectively.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a control device for a synchronous gear transmission that controls a shift operation load.

[Prior Art] When automating a synchronous mesh gear transmission, particular attention must be paid to appropriate control of the operating force and speed of the synchronous mesh device (hereinafter abbreviated as synchro). In other words, in the control (gear change) of a synchronized gear transmission that is normally performed by a driver, the driver learns to control the reaction that is transmitted to his hands through the shift lever, whether he is aware of it or not. The shift force and shift speed applied to the shift lever are controlled by accurately judging force, information from the ears, etc. The shift force increases relatively linearly until the synchronization point (the point where the synchronizer sleeve, synchronizer ring, and gear cone contact), decreases as soon as synchronization is completed, and then decreases until the sleeve and gear spline begin to mesh. When the engagement is completed, the sleeve and gear spline come into contact, and the shifting force increases rapidly. Furthermore, the maximum shift force must be kept to an appropriate level depending on the gear shifting state. (This affects the durability of the synchronizer.) On the other hand, the shift speed during this period progresses at a nearly constant speed after the start up until the synchronization point, momentarily comes to a near stop state during synchronization, and returns to a certain speed after the cycle is completed. The rising sleeve and gear spline engage, completing the shift.

Therefore, when automating a synchronized gear transmission, it is necessary to create a shift control actuator having the load characteristics and speed mechanism as described above. For example, if these characteristics are ignored, excessive force will be applied to the synchro, which will significantly reduce its durability. This is a characteristic required of the testing machine when conducting synchronizer durability tests, and if this characteristic is not ensured, it is natural that there will be a large difference between the true synchronizer life and the tested synchro life. This is well known among businessmen. Therefore, conventionally, hydraulic circuits and electric circuits that can obtain the above-mentioned characteristics have been used in fluid pressure actuators, electronic actuators, and the like.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the control device for the synchronous mesh gear transmission having the above configuration, the control device is complicated and expensive.

For example, in the past, unless the position of the actuator was accurately adjusted after the shift was completed, there was a risk that the sleeve groove wall of the synchronizer and the shift fork would slide under constant load while the vehicle was running.

The present invention has a simple structure for shift fork control investigation,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a control device for a synchronous gear transmission, which makes the shift operation load at the time of gear shifting appropriate, and the position of the shift fork after the gear shifting is completed.

[Means for Solving the Problems] A control device for a synchronous gear transmission of the present invention includes an actuator that drives a shift fork by supplying and discharging fluid pressure, an input shaft, and an input shaft disposed parallel to the input shaft. A synchronized mesh gear transmission comprising a plurality of synchronized mesh devices that can be freely attached and detached from the counter shaft by selectively engaging and disengaging a shift fork, and an intermediate member provided between the actuator and the synchronized mesh devices. In the control device, a spring stopper member is provided at the center of the intermediate member, locking means for the spring stopper member is provided on the intermediate member, and a retainer is fixed at a predetermined position in both axial directions from the spring stopper member, A shift fork control mechanism for controlling the operating force of a shift fork having a spring disposed between the spring stopper member and the retainer is provided.

[Operations and Effects of the Invention] With the above configuration, the control device for a synchronous mesh gear transmission of the present invention has the following operations and effects.

b) Since a spring is provided to accumulate the shift operation load, an appropriate shift operation load can be obtained without the need for a hydraulic circuit or electric circuit for controlling the actuator, and it is also compact, further improving the reliability of shift operation. can.

口) Due to the spring's accumulation effect, excessive load is not placed on the synchro sleeve driven by the shift fork, increasing the durability of the synchro.

C) By applying an initial load to the spring that presses the shift fork, the shift fork can be positioned reliably.

[Example] A control device for a synchronous mesh gear transmission according to the present invention will be described based on an example shown in the drawings.

1 to 3 show a first embodiment of a control device for a synchronous gear transmission according to the present invention.

FIG. 1 shows a synchronized mesh gear shift incorporating this embodiment.

In this embodiment, the control device 1 of the synchronous gear transmission of the present invention includes a three-position hydraulic actuator for the first speed or the second speed (not shown in the figure) driven by a hydraulic control device that is a shift device. ), 3-position hydraulic actuator 2a for third or fourth speed, 3-position hydraulic actuator for reverse (not shown), input shaft 112 of synchronous gear transmission 100 and parallel to the input shaft. A first speed second speed synchro 125, a third speed fourth speed synchro 117, a reverse idler gear (not shown), and an actuator 2a, which are removably connected to an output shaft 120 which is a counter shaft disposed in the and 1st speed 2nd speed synchro 125,
Shift fork for 1st or 2nd speed, 3rd or 4th speed shift fork 367, not shown, provided between the 3rd speed and 4th speed synchro 117 and the reverse idler gear.
, a first gear or a second gear (not shown), which is an intermediate member to which a reverse shift fork (not shown) is slidably attached in the axial direction.
It consists of a shift fork shaft for speed, a shift fork shaft for third or fourth speed, a shift fork shaft for reverse 368, each synchro 117, 125, and a shift fork control device that controls the operating force of the idler gear.

A 3-position hydraulic actuator (hereinafter referred to as actuator) 2a for 3rd or 4th speed that slidably drives the shift fork shaft 366 for 3rd or 4th speed in the axial direction is shown in FIG. As shown, a cylinder wall 21 is provided in a recess 131 provided on the left side of the transmission case 130 in the figure and is integrally formed with the transmission case 130. Piston 22
a, 22b, the piston 22a and the cylinder wall 21
It consists of an O-ring 23b123c, which is a sealing member between the piston 22b, the piston 22a, and the cylinder wall 21.
, 22b uses the first speed or second continuous shift fork shaft 364 as the operating rod 24, and the piston 22b and the rod 24 are fastened with bolts. Rani case 1
30 is a shift fork shaft 366 for third or fourth speed.
has a centering wall 132 that centers the
The first oil chamber 26 is formed between the centering wall 132 and the piston 22b, and the second oil chamber 2 is empty on the left side in the figure.
1 and are provided with oil passages 28, 29 which communicate both oil chambers 26, 27 and a hydraulic pressure source.

The shift fork control device 3 connects the third or fourth gear to the center portion 31 of the third or fourth gear shift fork shaft 366.
Fix the continuous shift fork 367 and shift to 3rd or 4th gear.
The large diameter portion 33 is located near the attachment portion 32 of the third speed or fourth speed shift fork shaft 366, and an L-shaped sleeve 41A, which is a spring stopper member, is secured to the step portions 34a and 34b. , 41B, and retainers 4A and 4B.
The retainers 4A, 4 are spaced apart from each other by a certain distance in both axial directions.
A third or fourth gear shift fork shaft 366 is provided to face the radial portion 42A142B of B.
The L-shaped retainers 6A, 6 are locked by the retainer rings 5A, 5B fixed to the ring grooves 35a135b.
B, an accumulation coil spring 7A disposed between the retainers 4A, 4B and the retainers 6A, 6B,
7B and a shift fork 3 for 1st or 2nd gear
65 and a play 8 formed between the retainer 4A.

The gear transmission 100 includes first, second, third, and fourth drive gears 113, 114, 11! on an input shaft 112 supported by bearings 110 and 111 within a gear transmission case 130. M5 and 116 are integrally provided, and the bearing 1 is connected to the input shaft 112.
An output shaft 120 supported by 20A and 121A is arranged in parallel, and each of the drive gears 113.1
14.14, 115 and 116, and 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th driven gears 121, 122.
123 and 124 are rotatably fitted. Then, the two adjacent driven gears 121 and 122 are connected to the sleeve 125a, the key 125b1, and the synchronizer ring 125.
C, gear spline 125d and clutch hub 125
selectively coupled to the output shaft 120 by a first speed second speed synchronizer 125 of a known configuration comprising a drive gear 115 .
Similarly, 116 is a sleeve 117a.

A key 117b1, a synchronizer ring 117c1, a gear spline 117d, and a clutch hub 117e.
Further, a driven gear 128 is provided which is selectively coupled to the drive gear 2 and which meshes with the drive gear 118 for reversing via an idler gear (not shown). As a result, by operating the first speed and second speed synchronizer 125 toward the gear 121 side using the speed change operation mechanism and coupling it to the output shaft 120, the rotation of the input shaft 112 is decelerated to the maximum by the gears 113 and 121. The first speed is obtained by transmitting the signal to the output shaft 120. Thereafter, in the same manner, the first and second speed synchronizers 125 are actuated to the driven gear 122 to set the second speed, and the third and fourth speed synchronizers 117 are actuated to the grooves of the gears 115 or 116 to set the third or fourth speed. Fourth speed is obtained, and the reverse gear is obtained by the operation of the reverse gear mechanism 127.

In addition, an output gear 129 is provided in the clutch drive section of the output shaft 120.
is provided, which meshes with a ring gear 230 provided in the differential mechanism 200, so that the power of the output shaft 120 is transferred from the ring gear 230 to the case 231,
It is transmitted to the side gear 234 via the binion shaft 232 and the binion 233, and further transmitted to the driving wheels via the axle 235.

The operation of this embodiment will be explained based on FIG. 1.2.

The actuator 2a shown at the left end of FIG. 1 moves the third speed or fourth continuous shift fork shaft 366 to three set positions. When hydraulic pressure is supplied to the first oil chamber 26, the third or fourth speed shift fork 367 moves to the left in the figure, and when hydraulic pressure is supplied to the second oil chamber 27, it moves to the right in the figure. When hydraulic pressure is supplied to the first oil chamber 26 and the second oil chamber 27 at the same time, they are fixed at the neutral position (center). When hydraulic pressure is supplied to the actuator 2a in response to a shift signal, first the shift fork shaft 366 for 3rd or 4th gear is activated.
and the 3rd or 4th gear shift fork 361 move simultaneously, but when they move to the synchronization point, the movement of the sleeve 117a of the 3rd and 4th gear synchronizer 117 stops momentarily, as shown in FIG. Then, the third speed or fourth speed shift fork 367 moves relative to the third speed or fourth speed shift fork shaft 366, and the accumulation coil spring 7A or 7B is deflected. In this way, the shift force is once applied to the accumulated coil spring 7A or 7.
B is accumulated and synchronization is completed, and the sleeve 117a of the 3rd and 4th speed synchronizer 117 starts to move again. Due to the reaction force and restoring effect of the accumulation coil spring 7A or 7B, the sleeve 117a quickly engages with the gear spline 117d and shifts. is completed.

Therefore, in response to the independent movement of the actuator 2a, the shift force accumulated in the accumulated coil spring 7A or IB is released in response to the movement of the 3rd or 4th gear shift fork 367. No excessive force is applied to the 4th speed synchro 117,
The durability of the third speed and fourth speed synchro 117 is improved.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 1, by providing an appropriate amount of play 8 between the third or fourth speed shift fork 367 and the retainer 4Δ, 4B of the third or fourth speed shift fork shaft 366. There is no fear that the third speed or fourth speed shift fork 367 and the groove wall of the sleeve 117a of the third speed and fourth speed synchronizer 117 will slide due to the rough setting of the actuator 2a.

Furthermore, as shown in the shift force characteristic diagram shown in FIG. By lowering the spring constant and stress amplitude of 7B, the accumulated coil springs 7A and 7B can be made compact and have excellent durability. Moreover, this makes it possible to reliably determine the positional relationship between the third speed or fourth speed shift fork 367 and the third speed or fourth speed shift fork shaft 366, thereby ensuring reliable operation. In Fig. 3, A is the initial load, B is the initial deflection, and C is the maximum deflection.

In this embodiment, the shift fork shaft 3 for 3rd or 4th speed
66 has been described, but the shift fork shaft for the first speed or the second speed also has similar effects.

FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the control device for a synchronous mesh type @vehicle transmission according to the present invention.

In this embodiment, the shift fork shaft 3 for second or third speed is
Sleeves 41A, 41B of retainers 4A, 4B on 66
By making the gap between the spring and the retainer 6A, 6B (spring deflection allowance) smaller than the full stroke of the sleeve 117a of the second or third speed synchro 111, the maximum load on the accumulated coil springs 7A, 7B can be reduced. This increases the durability and compactness of the accumulated coil springs IA and 7B. In a normal shift, the spring force alone can cover the shift, but in severe shift conditions such as a 5→2 downshift or a 4→2 downshift, the actuator 2
a directly presses the sleeve 117a of the third-speed and fourth-speed synchro 117, making it possible to speed up the speed change response.

5 to 9 show a third embodiment of a control device for a synchronous mesh gear transmission according to the present invention.

In this embodiment, the engagement device 506 is connected to the select and shifter shaft 504 that drives it, and is attached to the actuator rod 24A, which is the select cable and the operating rod of the select and shifter actuator 2.

The select and shifter shaft 504, as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 6, at the right end 504A in the figure, there is a shifter cable connecting portion 542, a small diameter portion 544 that abuts the annular dust cover, and is fitted with a case 533 and an oil seal 548, extending from the right end 504A. A guide portion 542A of the annular select and shifter shaft 504 is connected to a select cable connection portion 549. Furthermore, it consists of a hollow connector 543 that rotates together with the select and shifter shaft 504 and is fixed by a fixed spring pin 541A.

As shown in Fig. 5.6.7.8, the engaging part @506 is connected to the groove part 561A of the shifter arm 561 for the 1st or 2nd gear, which engages with the engaging part 551 of the coupling device, and the groove 561A for the 3rd or 4th gear. The shifter arm 562 has a groove 562A and the backward shifter arm 563 has a groove 563A.

Further, a shift fork 565 for the first or second speed, which is supported by the case 533 at both ends, is disposed parallel to the select and shifter shaft 504, and operates the first or second speed synchro 125; 1st or 2nd gear shifter rail 564 to which a 2nd gear shifter arm 561 is attached, a 3rd or 4th gear shift fork 567 that operates the 3rd or 4th gear synchronizer 117, and a 3rd or 4th gear shifter rail 564 A shift fork 566 for 3rd or 4th speed with a shifter arm 562 attached thereto, a shift fork 569 for reverse and a shift arm 563 for reverse that operate an idler gear (not shown) of reverse gear aMA-i27 are attached. and a reverse shift lever 568.

As shown in FIG. 9, the actuator rod 24A of the select and shifter actuator 2 presses the joint 24b, which is a connecting member having a joint portion 24a connected to the select cable connecting portion 549 of the select and shifter shaft 504. It has an actuation rod 24C with a shift fork control mechanism 9.

The shift fork control mechanism 9 of this embodiment has spring stopper members 91A and 9 divided into two, each having an allowance (play) 92 in the center portion 241 of the actuator rod 24A.
1B, and the spring stopper members 91A, 91
13, a U-shaped retainer 93A1 having a radial portion 925A, and a spring stopper member 91 of the inner sleeve 92B1.
an outer sleeve 922B fixed to the outer periphery 911 of B;
U-shaped retainer 93B consisting of radial portion 925B
The spring stopper members 91A, 91B are locked with the step portions 96A, 963, respectively, and the spring stopper members 91A, 91B and the retainers 93A, 93 are fixed.
B radial portion 925A.

Accumulate coil spring 9 between 925B
4A and 94B, and has a spring cover 95.

It is clear that the same effect can be obtained even if the actuator rod 24A is used as the select and shifter shaft and the select and shifter shaft 542 is used as the actuator rod.

This embodiment has the following effects.

B) By applying an initial load to the spring, the shifting operation becomes more accurate, and at the same time, the stress amplitude of the spring is reduced, increasing durability. Also, the spring constant can be set small, making the spring more compact.

(Example) If a suitable play is provided between the shift fork and the spring retainer, pressing and sliding between the synchronizer sleeve and the shift fork can be prevented, making the actuator stop position setting rough and affecting machining accuracy. I don't accept it.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a first embodiment of the control device for a synchronous mesh gear transmission of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a front view of a synchronous mesh gear incorporating the control device for a synchronous mesh gear transmission of the present invention. 3 is a front sectional view of the transmission, FIG. 3 is a graph showing the spring load characteristics of the coil spring according to the first embodiment of the control device for the synchronous mesh gear transmission of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is the synchronous mesh gear transmission of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a front view of a second embodiment of a control device for a gear transmission according to the present invention; FIG. 7 is a side view of a select-and-shifter shaft connected to a third embodiment of the control device for a synchronous gear transmission of the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a third embodiment of the control device for a synchronous gear transmission of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a front view of the select and shifter shaft connected to the third embodiment of the control device for a synchronous mesh gear transmission of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a front view of a third embodiment of a control device for a synchronous mesh gear transmission; In the figure 1... Control device 2a of synchronous mesh gear transmission
...Actuator 26...First oil chamber 27.
...Second oil chamber 3...Shift fork control bag @ 4
A14B, 6A, 6B...retainer 7A,
7B...Accumulate coil spring 3
64... 1st speed or 2nd gear shift fork shaft 3
65...1st speed or 2nd speed shift fork 36G
...1st speed or 2nd gear shift fork shaft 367
...1st or 4th gear shift fork

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1) An actuator that drives a shift fork by supplying and discharging fluid pressure, and an input shaft and a counter shaft disposed parallel to the input shaft are connected and detached by selectively engaging and disengaging the shift fork. A control device for a synchronous gear transmission comprising a plurality of synchronous meshing devices that can be freely operated and an intermediate member provided between the actuator and the synchronous meshing devices, wherein a spring stopper member is provided in the center of the intermediate member. a locking means for the spring stopper member is provided on the intermediate member, a retainer is fixed at a predetermined position in both axial directions from the spring stopper member, and a spring is disposed between the spring stopper member and the retainer. A control device for a synchronized gear transmission, characterized in that it is provided with a shift fork control mechanism that controls the operating force of the fork. 2) The actuator is a three-position hydraulic actuator that forms a first oil chamber and a second oil chamber in a cylinder and has three setting positions. A control device for the synchronized gear transmission described above. 3) The control device for a synchronous mesh gear transmission according to claim 1, wherein the intermediate member is a shift fork shaft to which a shift fork for driving a synchronous mesh device is attached. 4) The control device for a synchronized gear transmission according to claim 1, wherein the intermediate member is a select and shifter shaft that selectively drives a shift fork. 5) The synchronous mesh gear according to claim 1, wherein when the amount of compression of the spring reaches a certain value, the retainer and the spring stopper member come into contact with each other to control the amount of compression of the spring. Transmission control device.