JPS6183246A - Agricultural polyvinyl chloride film - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:The title resin film suitable for use as a cover for greenhouse culture, prepd. by compounding a plasticizer, anti-fogging agent, silicone oil and fluorine- base surfactant in a specified proportion. CONSTITUTION:An agricultural polyvinyl chloride film, prepf. by compounding (A) 100pts.wt. vinyl chloride resin, (B) 30-70pts.wt. plasticizer, (C) 1-3pts.wt. anti-fogging agent, (D) 0.01-0.2pts.wt. silicone oil and (E) 0.01-0.5pts.wt. fluorine-base surfactant. Methylphenylpolysiloxane, etc. is used as the silicone oil (D) and a perfluoroalkyl ethylene oxide adduct, etc. as the surfactant (E). When said film is formed into a house, fog is scarcely generated in the house and condensation is scarcely caused on the inner surface of the film.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] This f! A#'i Regarding agricultural polyvinyl chloride film. For more details, suppress the occurrence of fog (also called mist),
This invention relates to an agricultural polyvinyl chloride film that is excellent in preventing water droplets from falling (hereinafter referred to as droplets).

Agricultural PVC film has excellent weather resistance, light transmittance,
It has excellent heat retention properties and is widely used for cultivation in agriculture and horticulture in the form of greenhouses, frames, tents, tunnels, caps, shades, etc. In such a cultivation house or tunnel, etc., water vapor generated from the cultivated soil or crops is inside or near the inner surface of the film or sheet (hereinafter referred to as a film, etc.), and the greenhouse or tunnel (hereinafter referred to as a house, etc.) is Cooled by the cooler air outside, water droplets adhere to the inner surface of the greenhouse, etc., causing cloudiness, decreasing the light transmittance of the film, etc., and absorbing infrared rays from sunlight, raising the temperature inside the greenhouse, etc. delay,
It has a negative impact on crop growth.

Conventionally, the following methods have been used to prevent water droplets from adhering to the inner surface of the film, etc. of such houses. In other words, in order to impart hydrophilicity to the surface of a vinyl chloride resin film, etc., a film made by adding an antifogging agent to a vinyl chloride resin is used to improve the wetting characteristics of water droplets and #film, etc. Water droplets adhering to the inner surface of a film, etc. are made to adhere to each other, the water droplets are developed into a film, and the water film is removed by dripping along the surface of the film, etc., thereby reducing the translucency of the film, etc. Measures have been taken to prevent this. Examples of antifogging agents used include anionic surfactants such as furkyl sulfosuccinate, lunaphthalene sulfonate in alcohol, allyl sulfonate in alcohol, and alkyl sulfates, and high-grade surfactants such as polyethylene glycol, polyglycerol, sorbitan, and sorbitol. Fatty acid ester.

Nonionic surfactants such as polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl 7-minoether,
Examples include cationic surfactants such as alkyldimethylbenzylammonium salts, alkyltrimethylammonium salts, alkyloylimidazolinium ammonium salts, and alkyl7midoptetrapyrudimethylammonium salts, and amphoteric surfactants such as alkylamidopropyldimethylbentine. It is used by being added to vinyl chloride resin.

However, although the above-mentioned problem of water droplet adhesion has been solved in cultivation greenhouses using vinyl chloride resin films to which the above-mentioned anti-fog agent has been added, fog is likely to form inside the greenhouse. This tendency is shown as follows.

The above-mentioned fog that occurs inside agricultural greenhouses, etc. can easily cause diseases such as gray mold and sclerotium to occur in the crops grown in the greenhouses, etc., resulting in reduced crop yields and deterioration in the quality of the crops. It turns out.

In order to suppress the generation of such fog, attempts have been made to add organic siloxane surfactants or fluorine surfactants.

However, although Nire et al.'s surfactant-added films are effective in suppressing the occurrence of seams, the sustainability of their drip-proof properties (preventing water droplets from adhering) is impaired, and if used for a long period of time, The problem is that the amount of water droplets adhering to the inner surface of the surface increases, causing the water droplets to fall, which is called "dropping". The droplets cause rotting of the young shoots of crops, the occurrence of various diseases, etc., and, similar to the harmful effects of fog, reduce the yield and quality of crops.

The present inventors have conducted extensive research to solve the above-mentioned problems regarding agricultural vinyl chloride films. As a result, a film made of a polyvinyl chloride resin composition containing an antifogging agent, silicone oil, a fluorine surfactant, and a plasticizer, which has been commonly used in the past, suppresses the generation of fog when used as an agricultural film. The present invention has been completed based on the discovery that it has the effect of suppressing and reducing the amount of lint falling off.

As is clear from the above description, an object of the present invention is to provide an agricultural polyvinyl chloride film that suppresses fog generation and is excellent in preventing droplets from falling off.

The present invention has the following configuration.

100 parts by weight of vinyl chloride resin, 30 to 70 parts by weight of plasticizer, 1.0 to 3.0 parts by weight of antifog agent, 0 parts by weight of silicone oil.
．． 01 to 0.20 parts by weight, fluorine surfactant 0.01
- An agricultural polyvinyl chloride film comprising a resin composition containing 0.5 parts by weight.

Examples of the vinyl chloride resin used in the present invention include vinyl chloride homopolymers, copolymers of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate, vinylidene chloride, ethylene, propylene, etc., or mixtures of two or more of these.

Examples of the plasticizer used in the present invention include phthalic acid, esters, fatty acid esters, epoxidized fatty acid esters, phosphoric acid esters, polyglycol esters, and mixtures of two or more of these. The amount of the plasticizer added is preferably 30 to 70 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the vinyl chloride resin.

If the amount of plasticizer is less than 30 parts by weight, the resulting film will be too hard and unsuitable for use as an agricultural film, and the film may break, particularly at low temperatures, which is not preferred.

Moreover, if the amount of plasticizer exceeds 70 parts by weight, the film obtained will be too soft, and the film will become sticky, particularly in summer, resulting in a decrease in workability and dust-proofing effect, which is not preferable.

As the antifogging agent used in the present invention, any antifogging agent that has been conventionally incorporated into agricultural coating films may be used. For example, polyethylene glycol alkyl esters such as polyethylene glycol monostearate and polyethylene glycol dibehenate, sorbitan fatty acid esters such as polyoxyethylene rubitan monostearate and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, and polyoxyethylenes such as polyoxyethylene lauryl ether. Examples include fatty acid ethers, glycerin fatty acid ethers such as glycerin behenyl ether, and fatty acid alkylolamine condensates such as jetanolamine stearate, and these may be used alone or in combination of 221 or more. The amount of the antifogging agent added is 100% of the vinyl chloride resin.
It is used in a range of 1.0 to 3.0 parts by weight. If the amount of the nuclear antifogging agent added is less than 1.0 parts by weight, the period during which water droplets can be prevented from adhering to the surface of the film when formed into a film is short; If it exceeds the amount, it becomes difficult to uniformly disperse it in the vinyl chloride resin, and the transparency and mechanical strength of the obtained film decrease, which is undesirable and uneconomical.

Examples of the silicone oil used in the present invention include methylphenylpolysiloxane, dimethylpolysiloxane, diphenylpolysiloxane, dimethyl-methylphenylpolysiloxane, dimethyl-diphenylpolysiloxane, and methylhydrodienepolysiloxane. , these alone or two of these
A mixture of s or more may be used. The amount of silicone oil added is 0.01 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of vinyl chloride resin.
~0.20 part by weight, particularly preferably 0.03-0.15
Parts by weight. If the amount added is less than 0.01 part by weight, there will be no effect of addition, and if it exceeds 0.20 part by weight, it will not only lead to quality deterioration such as a decrease in the transparency of the obtained film and a decrease in high frequency adhesion. , there will be more harm caused by the generated mist turning into sentient beings. That is, this is undesirable as it causes an adverse effect on crops due to falling water droplets and a lack of heating power in greenhouses due to a decrease in light transmittance.

Furthermore, the fluorine-based surfactants used in the present invention include non-ionic surfactants such as perfluoroalkyl ethylene oxide adducts, 7-ionic surfactants such as perfluoroalkyl carboxylates, and perfluoroalkylamine compounds. These cationic surfactants can be used alone or in combination of two or more. The amount added is 0.01 to 0.5 parts by weight, preferably 0.03 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of vinyl chloride resin.
~0.3 parts by weight. If the amount added is less than 0.01 part by weight, there is no effect of preventing fog generation, and if it exceeds 0.5 part by weight, the thermal stability and weather resistance of the resulting film will decrease, which is not preferable.

Furthermore, various additives can be used in the resin composition for agricultural polyvinyl chloride films of the present invention, as in general resin compositions for film production.

For example, additives include inorganic lead salts and metal soaps.

Stabilizers such as organotin stabilizers can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Furthermore, antioxidants,
Ultraviolet absorber, organic chelator-2! F4 agents, lubricants, fungicides, etc. can also be used.

The agricultural polyvinyl chloride film of the present invention can be produced as follows. In other words, vinyl chloride resin,
A predetermined amount of plasticizer, various stabilizers, silicone oil, and fluorine surfactant are stirred and mixed using a normal mixing device such as Hensel mixer (trade name), Super 10-mixer, etc., and then the roll temperature is adjusted using a calendar roll. It is obtained by melt-kneading and film-forming at 160 to 200°C, preferably 180°C.

The polyvinyl chloride film of the present invention thus obtained is
When spread over a greenhouse, etc., it was found that the film did not generate fog inside the greenhouse, etc. and was excellent in preventing dripping, confirming the remarkable effects of the present invention.

The present invention will be explained below with reference to multiple examples and comparative examples. In the Examples and Comparative Examples, the following methods were used to evaluate the occurrence of fog and the amount of droplets falling on solid wood.

(1) Evaluation of 9 occurrences In a greenhouse where the agricultural polyvinyl chloride film manufactured in the example and comparative example was spread, the fog density was measured twice at 8 a.m. and at 5 p.m. on a white background 10 meters away with a diameter of 5α. The appearance of the sign with the black circle was evaluated according to the following criteria.

5: No fog 42m appears faintly, but the sign is clearly visible.

3: There is fog, and the signs look blurry.

2: There was a lot of fog, and the sign was faintly visible.

1: It's so foggy that I can't see the sign.

(2) Three months after the film was spread, the state of water droplet adhesion on the inner surface of the film in the house band portion was observed and evaluated according to the following criteria.

5: No water droplets attached 4: Slight water droplets attached 3, Water droplets attached partially 2: Water droplets attached considerably 1: Water droplets attached all over the surface Examples 1 to 10. Comparative Examples 1 to 5 100 parts by weight of polyvinyl chloride with an average degree of polymerization of 1'500,
Dioctyl phthalate (DOP') 45 parts by weight, tricunsyl phosphate 5 parts by weight, epoxy resin 2! quantity,
1.5 parts by weight of Ha-2n liquid composite stabilizer.

Ba-Zn metal soap 1 part by weight methylene bisamide 0
．． After mixing 2 parts by weight of the antifogging agent, 2 parts by weight of the antifogging agent, and the parts of each additive shown in Table 1 using a Hensel mixer (trade name), the mixture was heated to a melt crosstalk temperature of 180 using a 28-inch inverted Lm calender roll. A film having a thickness of 0.11111 °C was molded. In addition, as Comparative Examples 1 to 5, Example 1
- 0 parts by weight of polyvinyl chloride similar to 5, DOP45
Jusha Department, 5 parts by weight of epoxy resin, 15 parts by weight of Ba-Zn liquid composite stabilizer, 1 part by weight of Ba-Zn metal soap,
Example 1~
The mixture was mixed in the same manner as in Example 5, and molded in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 5 to obtain a film having a thickness of 0.1 u.

The film thus obtained was spread in a camapoko-shaped house with a width of 5 m, a height of 2 m, and a length of 10 m, and the presence or absence and degree of fog generation in the house, as well as the amount of droplets falling, were observed and evaluated.

These results are summarized and shown in Table 1.

As can be seen from Table 1, the polyvinyl chloride film of the present invention containing a plasticizer, an anti-bag agent, a silicone oil, and a fluorosurfactant has a plasticizer, an anti-fogging agent, an anti-fog agent, and a fluorine-based surfactant. Compared to films containing silicone oil or films containing plasticizers, antifogging agents, and fluorosurfactants, when spread on greenhouses, etc., they are more effective in suppressing fog generation inside greenhouses, etc. This was remarkable, and even after 5 months of use, there were almost no water droplets adhering to the inner surface of the film, confirming that the film was excellent in preventing dripping.

Patent Attorney: Yata Sasai, Patent Attorney: Patent Attorney: Katsuhiko Nonaka, June 1985, June 1, 1985, Case Indication, Patent Application No. 206096, Patent Application No. 206096, Patent Application No. 206096, filed in 1982, 2, Title of the Invention Agricultural polyvinyl chloride film 3, relationship with the amended person case Patent applicant 3-6-32 Nakanoshima, Kita-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka (530)
(207) Chisso Corporation Representative Sadao Nogi 4, Agent 2-8-1 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo (160) 5, Date of amendment order 6, Subject of amendment "Detailed description of the invention" column 7 Contents of the amendment (1) "Tricresyl phosphate" in the 6th to 5th lines from the bottom of page 12 of the specification is amended to "tricresyl phosphate".

(2) Specification page 13, lines 4 and 10 “Example 1
~5'' is corrected to 'Examples 1 to 10'.

(3) Page 13 of the specification cylinder, lines 5-6, “DOP 45 parts by weight,
5 parts by weight of epoxy resin, 45 parts by weight of DoP, 5 parts by weight of tricresyl phosphate, 2 parts by weight of epoxy resin.
Correct to.

that's all

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) 100 parts by weight of vinyl chloride resin and 30 to 7 parts of plasticizer
0 parts by weight, antifogging agent 1.0 to 3.0 parts by weight, silicone oil 0.01 to 0.20 parts by weight, fluorine surfactant 0
．． An agricultural polyvinyl chloride film comprising a resin composition containing 01 to 0.5 parts by weight. (2) The vinyl chloride resin is a vinyl chloride homopolymer, a vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, a vinyl chloride-vinylidene chloride copolymer, a vinyl chloride-ethylene copolymer, a vinyl chloride-propylene copolymer, or these. An agricultural polyvinyl chloride film comprising the resin composition according to claim (1), which is a mixture of two or more. (3) Claims in which the silicone oil is methylphenylpolysiloxane, dimethylpolysiloxane, diphenylpolysiloxane, dimethyl-methylphenylpolysiloxane, dimethyl-diphenylpolysiloxane, methylhydrogenpolysiloxane, or a mixture of two or more thereof. An agricultural polyvinyl chloride film comprising the resin composition according to item (1). (4) The fluorosurfactant according to claim (1), wherein the fluorine-based surfactant is a perfluoroalkyl ethylene oxide adduct, a perfluoroalkyl carboxylate, a perfluoroalkylamine compound, or a mixture of two or more thereof. Agricultural polyvinyl chloride film made of a resin composition.