JPS616810A - High-frequency impedance transformer - Google Patents

High-frequency impedance transformer

Info

Publication number
JPS616810A
JPS616810A JP12701284A JP12701284A JPS616810A JP S616810 A JPS616810 A JP S616810A JP 12701284 A JP12701284 A JP 12701284A JP 12701284 A JP12701284 A JP 12701284A JP S616810 A JPS616810 A JP S616810A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
impedance
transformer
line
coaxial lines
coaxial
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP12701284A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Mitsuo Makimoto
三夫 牧本
Giichi Mori
森 義一
Sadahiko Yamashita
山下 貞彦
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Panasonic Holdings Corp
Original Assignee
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd filed Critical Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority to JP12701284A priority Critical patent/JPS616810A/en
Publication of JPS616810A publication Critical patent/JPS616810A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F19/00Fixed transformers or mutual inductances of the signal type
    • H01F19/04Transformers or mutual inductances suitable for handling frequencies considerably beyond the audio range
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/2823Wires
    • H01F2027/2833Wires using coaxial cable as wire

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Coils Or Transformers For Communication (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a miniaturized and low-cost impedance transformer by a method wherein the length of coaxial lines is selected so as to correspond to one fourth wave length of an operating cener frequency, and outside conductors of the plural numbers of coaxial lines which have the same characteristic impedance are grounded and their core conductors are connected in parallel at each end thereof and is designated as an input-output terminal. CONSTITUTION:Coaxial lines 31, 32, 33 have the same impedance ZT respectively and line length corresponds to one fourth wave length of operating central frequency. If impedance, whose reference impedance is Zo, is connected to an input terminal 34 and impedance looked from output terminal 35 is Zout, Zout=ZTE<2>/Zo=Zr<2>/9Zo. Zo is an impedance in a measurement device and is normally 50OMEGA. ZT is 75OMEGA, 50OMEGA, 25OMEGA, etc. which is able to obtain easily as standard products and also is very low-cost. If Zo=50OMEGA is designated and is selected either one of 75OMEGA, 50OMEGAm 25OMEGA as a coaxial line, Zout becomes 12.5OMEGA, 5.56OMEGA, 1.39OMEGA and a transformer which is high impedance transformation ratio can be realized.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 産業上の利用分野 本発明は低インピーダンス測定回路、整合回路等に利用
される高周波インピーダンス変成器に関するものである
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a high frequency impedance transformer used in low impedance measurement circuits, matching circuits, etc.

従来例の構成とその問題点 最近高周波用の高出力半導体デバイスが広く用いられて
いるが、高出力化に伴いその入力および出力インピーダ
ンスとも、数Ωあるいは1Ω以下になってきている。と
ころが通常高周波回路の測定系はほとんどが50Ω、2
5Ω、あるいは75Ωが標準となっており、インピーダ
ンス レベルカ極端に異なシ測定が極めて困難で、かつ
精度も悪かった。
Conventional Structures and Their Problems Recently, high-power semiconductor devices for high frequencies have been widely used, but as the output increases, both their input and output impedances have become several ohms or 1 ohm or less. However, most measurement systems for high frequency circuits are usually 50Ω, 2
The standard is 5Ω or 75Ω, making it extremely difficult to measure impedance levels that are extremely different, and the accuracy is poor.

このだめ従来より高精度測定を行なうだめには、イノビ
ニダンス変成器を用い、測定系のインピーダンスを下げ
て測定をすることが行なわれていた。
Conventionally, in order to perform highly accurate measurements, an innovinidance transformer has been used to lower the impedance of the measurement system.

この変成器には四分の一波艮の伝送線路、しかも同軸型
のものが利用されている。第1図a、bはそのような同
軸型線路であり、外導体11、内導体12、及び内外導
体11.12間に充填される低損失誘電体13で構成さ
れるっさて第2図の如く四分の一波長変成器21の入力
端23に基準インピーダンスZoを接続し、 出力端よ
りみたインピーダンスZoutとする。捷た変成器21
の線路インピーダンスをZTとすると、Zout = 
ZT2/ 20となる。Zo = 50Ω、25Ω、Z
T−2oΩとすると、Zout = 8Ωとなシ、50
Ωが8Ωに変換される。
This transformer uses a quarter-wave transmission line, and a coaxial type. Figures 1a and 1b show such coaxial lines, which are composed of an outer conductor 11, an inner conductor 12, and a low-loss dielectric 13 filled between the inner and outer conductors 11 and 12. A reference impedance Zo is connected to the input end 23 of the quarter-wavelength transformer 21, and the impedance seen from the output end is Zout. Broken transformer 21
If the line impedance of is ZT, then Zout =
It becomes ZT2/20. Zo = 50Ω, 25Ω, Z
If T-2oΩ, Zout = 8Ω, 50
Ω is converted to 8Ω.

ところで線路インピーダンスは、同軸の内導体半径をa
、外導体内径をす、誘電体の比誘電率を81とすると、
ZT−(e o/に ) 6n (b/a )で与えら
れる。市販され実用に供せられている同軸線路は、誘電
体としてεr=2.0 のポリエチレン等の材料を用い
ることが多い。このとき50Ω線路はb/a==s、2
s、iた、20Ω線路はb/a−1,50Ω、25とな
る。同軸外導体半径すを1,0mmとすると、50Ωの
場合中心導体半径は0.307 mm、誘電体の厚さは
0.693 mmになるのに対し、20Ω線路の場合は
それぞれ0.6251N117 、0.375mmとな
る。このようにインピーダンスが低くなる程、また外導
体径が小さくなる程誘電体円筒の厚さは薄くなるうえ、
同軸の中心ズレを生じやすいため製作が困難となる。ま
た中、し導体径が大きくなり柔軟性がなくなる等、線路
としての取扱いが不便となることもあり、低インピーダ
ンス線路は市販品が少なく、高価なものとなっている。
By the way, the line impedance is defined as the coaxial inner conductor radius a
, the inner diameter of the outer conductor is 81, and the dielectric constant is 81.
ZT-(eo/to) 6n (b/a) is given by. Coaxial lines that are commercially available and put into practical use often use a material such as polyethylene with εr=2.0 as a dielectric material. At this time, the 50Ω line is b/a==s, 2
s, i, 20Ω line becomes b/a-1, 50Ω, 25. Assuming that the radius of the coaxial outer conductor is 1.0 mm, in the case of 50Ω, the center conductor radius is 0.307 mm and the dielectric thickness is 0.693 mm, whereas in the case of 20Ω line, it is 0.6251N117, respectively. It becomes 0.375mm. In this way, the lower the impedance and the smaller the diameter of the outer conductor, the thinner the dielectric cylinder becomes.
Manufacturing is difficult because coaxial centers tend to shift. In addition, the diameter of the medium conductor becomes large and it loses its flexibility, making it inconvenient to handle as a line.Therefore, there are few commercially available low impedance lines, and they are expensive.

一方、低インピーダンス線路はストリップ線路を用いて
も実現不可能ではないが、ストl)ノブ導体の線路中が
低インピーダンス化に伴って急激に増加するため実用的
ではない。
On the other hand, although it is not impossible to realize a low impedance line using a strip line, it is not practical because the number of knob conductors in the line increases rapidly as the impedance becomes lower.

以上述へたようにインピーダンス変成器用の線路は低イ
ンピーダンスになるに従って実現が困難で、まだ実現で
きたとしても高価なものとなる等の欠点を有していた。
As mentioned above, lines for impedance transformers have disadvantages such as the lower the impedance, the more difficult it is to realize them, and even if they can be realized, they will be expensive.

発明の目的 本発明の目的は、市販され実用に供せられている規格品
の安価な同軸線路を用い、小型で低廉なインピーダンス
変成器を提供せんとするものである。
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a small and inexpensive impedance transformer using a commercially available standard product and inexpensive coaxial line.

発明の構成 とする低廉なインピーダンス変成器であり、同軸線路の
インピーダンスの異なるものを組合わせることにより変
成比も自由に選ぶことの可能な特徴ももつ構成である。
This is an inexpensive impedance transformer constructed according to the invention, and also has the feature that the transformation ratio can be freely selected by combining coaxial lines with different impedances.

実施例の説明 以下、本発明の一実施例について図面を参照しながら説
明する。
DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

第3図は本発明の一実施例における高周波インピーダン
ス変成器の結線を示すものである。第3図において、3
1,32.33はそれぞれ同一インピーダンスZ丁をも
ち、線路長が使用中心周波数において四分の一波長とな
る同軸線路である。
FIG. 3 shows the wiring of a high frequency impedance transformer in one embodiment of the present invention. In Figure 3, 3
Coaxial lines 1, 32, and 33 each have the same impedance Z, and the line length is a quarter wavelength at the center frequency used.

これらの外導体はすべて接地きれ、かつ中心導体は、そ
の先端で互に接続され、入力端子34、出力端子35と
なる。
All of these outer conductors are grounded, and the center conductors are connected to each other at their tips to form an input terminal 34 and an output terminal 35.

上記のように同軸ケーブルを接続することにより、線路
の実効的なインピーダンスZTEはZT/3となるつい
ま入力端子讃に基準インピーダンスZOなるインピーダ
ンスを接続し、出力端子35からみだインピーダンスを
Zoutとすると、Zout二ZTX/Zo−ZT2/
9Zoとなる。ZOは測定系のインピーダンスであり、
通常50Ωである。また2丁は規格品として75Ω、5
0Ω、25Ω等があり容易に入手でききわめて安価なも
のである。い1Zo−50Ωとし、同軸線路として75
Ω、50Ω。
By connecting the coaxial cable as described above, the effective impedance ZTE of the line becomes ZT/3. Now, if we connect the impedance that is the reference impedance ZO to the input terminal 35, and let the impedance visible from the output terminal 35 be Zout. ,Zout2ZTX/Zo-ZT2/
It becomes 9Zo. ZO is the impedance of the measurement system,
Usually 50Ω. In addition, the two guns are 75Ω, 5Ω as standard products.
There are 0Ω, 25Ω, etc., which are easily available and extremely inexpensive. 1Zo-50Ω, and 75Ω as a coaxial line.
Ω, 50Ω.

25Ωのいずれかを選ぶとき、Zoutはそれぞれ12
.5Ω、 6.56Ω、1.39Ωとなり、インピーダ
ンス変成比の高い変成器が容易に実現できる。
When selecting either 25Ω, Zout is 12
.. 5Ω, 6.56Ω, and 1.39Ω, and a transformer with a high impedance transformation ratio can be easily realized.

第3図の場合、3本の同軸線路を選んだが、この本数は
何本であってもよい。い!、N本のインピーダンスZT
の同軸線路を用いると実効的な線路インピーダンスZT
、 : ZT/Nとなり、出力インピ−ダノスZOut
二ZTE2/ZO−ZT2/(N2ZO)となることは
あきらかである。
In the case of FIG. 3, three coaxial lines are selected, but any number may be used. stomach! , N impedances ZT
When using a coaxial line of , the effective line impedance ZT
, : ZT/N, output impedance ZOut
It is obvious that 2ZTE2/ZO-ZT2/(N2ZO).

寸だ線路インピーダンスも説明を簡略化するため同一の
ものを選んだが、これらは異っていても問題はない。た
とえば、特性インピーダンスZTI+ZT2 、 Zr
2の3種類の線路をそれぞれL(≧0)。
The same line impedance was chosen to simplify the explanation, but there is no problem even if they are different. For example, characteristic impedance ZTI+ZT2, Zr
L (≧0) for each of the three types of lines in 2.

M(Q≧○)、N(≧0)本選んだ組み合せの場合は、
Zrw ” 1 / (L/ ZT1+ M/ZT2 
+ N/ZT5 )となる。これよりインピーダンス変
成器の決定はきわめて自由席の高いものとなる。
In the case of the selected combination of M (Q≧○) and N (≧0),
Zrw ” 1 / (L/ ZT1+ M/ZT2
+N/ZT5). From this, the choice of impedance transformer is extremely flexible.

なお、線路の特性インピーダンスが異なる場合であって
も線路長は中心周波数で四分の一波侵となる如く選定し
なければならない、が、実用上はその1(さも一定にす
るほうが望捷しいため、同軸線路の誘電体AA利は、同
一のものを選ばなければならない。この時線路の伝播速
度は等しくなり、線路インピーダンスが異なっても、波
長は同一となる。
Note that even if the characteristic impedance of the line is different, the line length must be selected so that there is a quarter-wave diversion at the center frequency, but in practice it is preferable to keep it constant. Therefore, the dielectric AA ratio of the coaxial line must be the same.At this time, the propagation speed of the line will be the same, and even if the line impedance is different, the wavelength will be the same.

第4図は本発明の第2の実施例を示すものである。FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the invention.

変成器を広帯域化するため、変成1gを多段構成とした
ものである。
In order to widen the band of the transformer, the transformer 1g is configured in multiple stages.

第4図において、線路41.42で第1の変成器、線路
43,44,45,46.47で第2の変成器を構成し
、それらを直列に接続し、かつ第1の変成器に入力端子
46、一方第2の変成器に出力端子47を設けている。
In FIG. 4, the lines 41, 42 constitute a first transformer, the lines 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 constitute a second transformer, which are connected in series and connected to the first transformer. An input terminal 46 is provided, while an output terminal 47 is provided on the second transformer.

入力端子46は高インピーダンス側、出力端子47(社
)低イノピーダーンス側となる。線路インピーダンスか
一定なる場合は、第1の変成器の線路の本数は少く、第
2の線路の本数は多く選ぶことになる。一般に線路は組
み合せて用いることも可能で、役割条件としては第1の
変成器の出力インピーダンスZout+が、第2の変成
器の実効的な線路インピーダンスZTE2より大きく選
ぶことが必要となるたけて、この制約下で組み合せを選
べばよい。以上2段構成の例を述べたがこれらは3段以
上の変成器にも適用できるのは明らかである。多段構成
を用いることにより広帯域なインピーダンス変成比の太
きい、高周波変成器が実現される。
The input terminal 46 is on the high impedance side, and the output terminal 47 is on the low impedance side. If the line impedance is constant, the number of lines for the first transformer is small and the number of lines for the second transformer is large. In general, lines can be used in combination, and the role condition is that the output impedance Zout+ of the first transformer must be selected to be larger than the effective line impedance ZTE2 of the second transformer. Just choose a combination below. Although examples of two-stage configurations have been described above, it is clear that these can also be applied to transformers with three or more stages. By using a multi-stage configuration, a broadband high-frequency transformer with a large impedance transformation ratio can be realized.

第5図←1」二記第3図、第4図に示した同軸線路の接
続法を示す実施例である。線路の接続部では不υイノダ
クタンスを生じやすく回路の整合が変化しやすく、1だ
線路間にアノノくランスを生じやすい。第5図において
51は同軸線路、52 、53に1、同軸線路の中心導
体、54は誘電体基板、55乞1、誘電体J、1板6板
上4上体パター/、56は中心W体62.53および入
出力結合用の導体線を挿入’i−ルにめのスルーホール
である。このスルーホール56を利用し、ハンダ等で機
械的、電気的に固定することにより、線路の接続長を最
短にてき、寸だ各線路の接続部も一定にすることが可能
なため、[jql路の浮遊成分を低減でき、かつ線路間
のバランスがとれ、電気的特性が向上する。
FIG. 5 ← 1 This is an embodiment showing a method of connecting the coaxial lines shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. At line connections, inductance tends to occur, circuit matching tends to change, and lances tend to occur between single lines. In Fig. 5, 51 is a coaxial line, 52, 53 is a center conductor of the coaxial line, 54 is a dielectric substrate, 55 is a dielectric J, 1 plate, 6 plates, 4 upper body putter/, 56 is a center W This is a through hole for inserting the body 62, 53 and the conductor wire for input/output coupling. By using this through hole 56 and fixing it mechanically and electrically with solder etc., the connection length of the line can be minimized and the connection part of each line can be made constant. It is possible to reduce stray components in the line, maintain balance between lines, and improve electrical characteristics.

発明の効果 り上述べたように本発明は、市販され容易に入手可能な
安価な同軸線路を複数個用いて、低度で小型・低損失の
インピーダンス変成器を実現でき、さらに異なるインピ
ーダンスを組合わせて変成比選定の自由席を拡大すると
ともに、多段構成にして広帯域化も可能ならしめるもの
で、高周波高出力半心体デバイスの測定用、あるいはそ
れらのテバイスのインピーダンス整合用に適用でき、そ
の工業的価値は極めて大きい。
Effects of the Invention As described above, the present invention makes it possible to realize a low-impedance, compact, and low-loss impedance transformer by using a plurality of commercially available and easily available inexpensive coaxial lines. At the same time, it expands the flexibility in selecting transformation ratios, and also enables broadband configuration with a multi-stage configuration.It can be applied to the measurement of high-frequency, high-output half-core devices, or the impedance matching of such devices. The industrial value is extremely large.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図は従来の同軸線路の断面図、第2図は同軸線路を
用いた従来のインピーダンス変成器の概略図、第3図は
本発明の一実施例における高周波インピーダンス発成器
の結線図、第4図は本発明の第2の実施例にお・ける高
周波インピーダンス変成器の結線図、第6図は第3図、
第4図の線路の接続方法を示す斜視図である。 31〜33.41〜4了、51・・・四分の一波長同軸
線路、34.41  ・入力端子、35,4了・ ・出
力端子、54・・線路接続用誘電体基板、55 ・・・
・銅体パタール、66・・・・スルーホール。 代理人の氏名 方理士 中 尾 敏 男 ほか1名第1
図 (山、(b) 1? 第2図 第3図 第4図 第5図 二◇         ぐコ
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a conventional coaxial line, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a conventional impedance transformer using a coaxial line, and FIG. 3 is a wiring diagram of a high frequency impedance generator in an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a wiring diagram of a high frequency impedance transformer in the second embodiment of the present invention, FIG.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a method of connecting the lines in FIG. 4; 31 ~ 33. 41 ~ 4 ends, 51... Quarter wavelength coaxial line, 34. 41 - Input terminal, 35, 4 ends... - Output terminal, 54... Dielectric substrate for line connection, 55...・
・Copper body pattern, 66...Through hole. Name of agent Toshio Nakao, lawyer and 1 other person 1st
Figure (Mountain, (b) 1? Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 ◇ Guko

Claims (5)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] (1)動作中心周波数に対し、その長さを四分の一波長
に選び、特性インピーダンスが等しい複数本から成る同
軸線路を外導体を接地し、中心導体を両端で並列に接続
して入出力端子としたことを特徴とする高周波インピー
ダンス変成器。
(1) The length is selected to be a quarter wavelength of the operating center frequency, and the outer conductor is grounded using multiple coaxial lines with equal characteristic impedance, and the center conductors are connected in parallel at both ends for input/output. A high frequency impedance transformer characterized by having terminals.
(2)特性インピーダンスが、75Ω、50Ω、25Ω
のいずれかであることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第1
項記載の高周波インピーダンス変成器。
(2) Characteristic impedance is 75Ω, 50Ω, 25Ω
Claim 1 characterized in that it is any one of
The high frequency impedance transformer described in Section 1.
(3)伝播速度が等しく、特性インピーダンスが異なる
二種以上の同軸線路をそれぞれ1本以上選びそれらを複
数本組み合せて構成されることを特徴とする特許請求の
範囲第1項記載の高周波インピーダンス変成器。
(3) High-frequency impedance transformation according to claim 1, characterized in that it is constructed by selecting one or more coaxial lines of two or more types each having the same propagation velocity and different characteristic impedances and combining a plurality of them. vessel.
(4)特性インピーダンスが75Ω、50Ω、あるいは
25Ωである同軸線路を2種類あるいは3種類組み合わ
せることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第3項記載の高周
波インピーダンス変成器。
(4) The high frequency impedance transformer according to claim 3, characterized in that two or three types of coaxial lines having a characteristic impedance of 75Ω, 50Ω, or 25Ω are combined.
(5)両面導体張り誘電体基板に設けられた複数のスル
ホールに複数の同軸線路の中心導体を挿入し、接続して
構成される線路接続部を有することを特徴とする特許請
求の範囲第1項記載の高周波インピーダンス変成器。
(5) Claim 1, characterized in that it has a line connection section configured by inserting and connecting center conductors of a plurality of coaxial lines into a plurality of through holes provided in a double-sided conductor-covered dielectric substrate. The high frequency impedance transformer described in Section 1.
JP12701284A 1984-06-20 1984-06-20 High-frequency impedance transformer Pending JPS616810A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP12701284A JPS616810A (en) 1984-06-20 1984-06-20 High-frequency impedance transformer

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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JP12701284A JPS616810A (en) 1984-06-20 1984-06-20 High-frequency impedance transformer

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JPS616810A true JPS616810A (en) 1986-01-13

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JP12701284A Pending JPS616810A (en) 1984-06-20 1984-06-20 High-frequency impedance transformer

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010057022A (en) * 2008-08-29 2010-03-11 Yokowo Co Ltd Composite antenna

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010057022A (en) * 2008-08-29 2010-03-11 Yokowo Co Ltd Composite antenna

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