JPS6163717A - Latent crimping polyester composite fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the titled fiber giving a cloth having excellent bulkiness and drapery, by bonding a polyethylene terephthalate constituting the low-heat shrinkage component with a modified polyester constituting the high-heat shrink age component and obtained by the copolymerization of 5-sodium sulfo isophthalate and adipic acid. CONSTITUTION:The objective side-by-side composite fiber having latent crimping property and composed of two kinds of polyesters can be manufactured by (1) using (A) a polyethylene terephthalate as a low-heat shrinkage polymer component 1 containing ethylene terephthalate unit as >=95mol% of thy polymer and (B) a modified polyethylene terephthalate containing ethylene terephthalate as >=85mol% of the polymer and copolymerized with 1-5mol% 5-sodium sulfoisophthalate and 2-10mol% adipic acid, as the high-heat shrinkage polymer component 2, (2) supplying both components to the extruder of a composite melt-spinning apparatus, and (3) extruding through the spinneret 5 for composite spinning.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention provides excellent swelling and drape properties to the fabric by performing preheat setting, scouring, alkaline weight loss processing and dyeing finishing after knitting or weaving. The present invention relates to a latent crimpable conjugate fiber suitable for use in clothing, which can be coated with ester.

[Conventional technology]

As a laminated composite fiber having polyester-based latent crimpability, polyethylene terephthalate with a low degree of polymerization (intrinsic viscosity 0.50 to 0.60) is used as a polymer component on the low heat shrinkage side and a polymer component on the high heat shrinkage side. ) and polyethylene terephthalate with a high degree of polymerization (intrinsic viscosity 0.70
-0.80) has been produced industrially, but this fiber has the following drawbacks:

■ If the heat treatment temperature in the stretching process is high, the latent crimp property will decrease. On the other hand, if the heat treatment temperature is low, although the latent crimpability improves, the heat shrinkage rate of the composite fiber as a whole increases, and the texture of the fabric after dyeing and finishing becomes hard.

■ Since the melt viscosities of the two types of polyester polymers differ at the spinning temperature, when producing composite fibers with irregular cross-sectional shapes, the discharge hole of the spinneret must be adjusted as shown in Figure 2. The shape and the cross-sectional shape of the fibers actually obtained by spinning are very different, making it difficult to control the cross-sectional shape. Furthermore, the stability of spinning decreases due to the large kneading phenomenon on the outlet side of the discharge hole.

■ It has no pressure dyeability or cationic dyeability, and cannot be used in the fields of interweaving and interweaving with other fibers such as Spendex, silk, and wool.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

The present invention aims to solve the disadvantages (1), (2), and (3) of the above-mentioned conventional methods, and its purpose is to provide a latent crimpable conjugate fiber with excellent properties, which is made of a novel combination of polyester polymers. .

[Means for Solving the Problems] The gist of the present invention is to provide a laminated composite fiber having latent crimp properties, which is made of two types of polyester polymers, and which has a low heat shrinkage side. As the polymer component (A), polyethylene terephthalate is used, in which at least 95 moles or more of ethylene terephthalate units are used, and as the polymer component [B] on the high heat shrinkage side, 85 moles or more of the polyethylene terephthalate units are composed of ethylene terephthalate units, and as the dicarboxylic acid component, 5- 1 to 5 moles of sodium sulfoisophthalate and 2 to 10 moles of adipic acid.

This polyester latent crimp conjugate fiber is characterized by using modified polyethylene terephthalate as a copolymerization component within a range of 1 to 100%, and is characterized by being dyeable under normal pressure, cationically dyeable, and easy to reduce with alkali.

The present invention will be explained in more detail below.

In the present invention, the laminated composite fiber having latent crimp property specifically refers to one having the fiber cross-sectional shape illustrated in FIG. 1, but is of course not limited to this. do not have. The polymer component (A) on the low heat shrinkage side in the present invention is:
It is necessary that the polyethylene terephthalate has at least 95 moles or more of ethylene terephthalate units. If it is less than 95 mulch, the strength of the composite fiber will be insufficient and it will become a weak yarn. In order to maintain the strength of the composite fiber, the intrinsic viscosity of the polymer component (A) must be set to 0.65 to 0.75.
It is sufficient to keep it within the range of .

The polymer component [B] on the high heat shrinkage side is composed of 85 moles or more of ethylene terephthalate units and contains 1 to 5-sodium sulfoiphthalate as a dicarboxylic acid component.
5 molti, preferably 2-3 molti, adipic acid 2-3 molti
It is necessary that the modified polyethylene terephthalate be contained as a copolymer component in an amount of 10 mol, preferably in the range of 4 to 7 mol. When the ethylene terephthalate unit is less than 85 moles, the strength of the composite fiber becomes low, and problems such as fuzz due to breakage of single fibers are likely to occur during the steps from stretching to knitting and weaving. If the cationic dyeability is insufficient when the amount of 5-sodium sulfoino7talate is less than 1 mole,
If the melt viscosity of the polymer exceeds 90%, it will be difficult to obtain an appropriate degree of polymerization in the condensation polymerization reaction, and only a polyester polymer with a low intrinsic viscosity will be obtained, which will reduce the strength of the composite fiber. decreases significantly. Adipic acid is 2
If it is less than molt, the normal pressure dyeability is insufficient, and if it exceeds 10 molt, the thermal stability of the polymer will deteriorate, causing problems such as thread breakage or yellowing of the fibers due to thermal decomposition during the spinning process. .

In order to suppress thermal decomposition, the composite fiber of the present invention has (A), (
It is preferable to manufacture by composite spinning B12 types of polymer components at a temperature in the range of 270 to 290°C. In this case, it is preferable that the melt viscosities of the CA, l t [B Ezm class polymer components at the time of spinning are approximately equal. When the melt viscosities are different, it is difficult to control the single fiber cross-sectional shape of the spun yarn, especially when the shape is irregular, and a large knealing phenomenon on the outlet side of the discharge hole is unavoidable. [:A), (B)
The melt viscosities of the two types of polymer components can be easily made equal by terminating the reaction when the torque of the stirrer reaches a certain value in the condensation polymerization reaction of each polymer. The ratio of the polymer components of (A], CB:]2s can be in the range of (A):(B:1=25 to 75, 5 to 25, but most preferably 50:50).

As shown in FIG. 3, the (B) m-combined component in the present invention has an alkali weight loss rate that is about 10 times or more compared to the [A] polymer component. CB] Selective alkaline reduction of the polymer component is one of the desirable effects of the combination of two types of polymer components of the present invention. Furthermore, the polymer component exhibits atmospheric dyeability and cationic dyeability, which further enhances both the commercial value of the polyester latent crimpable conjugate fiber of the present invention.

The laminated composite fiber having latent crimp properties of the present invention can be easily obtained using a known side-by-side composite melt spinning apparatus. That is, using the composite melt spinning apparatus illustrated in FIG. 4, molten [A] and [832 types of polymer components were laminated together from a spinneret apparatus having discharge holes illustrated in FIG. Discharged at a spinning temperature of °C,
After cooling with cooling air perpendicular to the yarn at 25° C. and 70% RH according to a conventional method, an oil agent is applied and the yarn is wound as an undrawn yarn. The winding speed is preferably in the range of 1000 to 3500 m/min. The undrawn yarn was then stretched between a supply roller heated to 70 to 95°C and a take-off roller using the drawing/twisting machine illustrated in FIG.
Stretching is performed at a stretching ratio in the range of ~0.85, and at this time, a stretching ratio of 100 to 200
Heat treatment is performed by running the sample in contact with a heating element in the temperature range of ℃.

Specifically, the (BE!) combined component in the present invention can be obtained as follows: 278kl of dimethyl terephthalate and 227kl of ethylene glycol
was added to a 1 m reaction vessel equipped with a rectification column, and 10.5 k
Add 5-sodium dimethyl sulfoiphthalate (i9) as a powder, add 11.6 kg of a double f% ethylene glycol solution of magnesium acetate, and gradually raise the temperature to 120 to 140"C while dissolving by-produced methanol into the system. After 91 kg of methanol is distilled out and the transesterification reaction is substantially completed, 20 kg of TiO□ is added as a lubricant.
Add ethylene glycol slurry to 0.751, followed by (ethylene glycol)/(adipic acid)
A mixture with a molar ratio of 4.0 was reacted by heating, and the reaction product with an esterification reaction of 1 l - 92% and a conversion rate of 85% to bis(2-hydroxylethyl) adipate was converted into adipic acid.
1.3kl? At the same time, add 2.8% by weight of sodium hydroxide in ethylene glycol to 3.2% by weight.
kl? Added. Furthermore, as a stabilizer, a 10% by weight solution of trimethyl phosphate in ethylene glycol was added to 1.8 to 9.
, 0kll of a 1.51t thiethylene glycol solution a of antimony trioxide was added as a polymerization catalyst, and the solution was transferred to a polymerization pot, and then heated at 275°C and 0kll. Polymerize for 3 hours at ITorr. The resulting polymer had a 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid component of 2.3 molti, an adipic acid component of 4.8 molti, and an intrinsic viscosity of 0.57. The amounts of 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid and adipic acid can be changed as appropriate within the range of 1 to 5 molti and 2 to 10 molti, respectively, and are not limited to the above specific examples.

[B] The reason why the polymer component exhibits atmospheric dyeability is that the fine structure of the polymer chain is disordered due to the copolymerization of 5-sodium inctaric acid and adipic acid, that is, the amorphous area is wide and the amorphous area is large. It is presumed that this is due to the fact that the orientation of the polymer chains in the liquid is extremely low, making it difficult for dye molecules to enter. The reason why the alkali weight loss rate is extremely high is also the reason why the alkali weight loss rate is extremely high.
-This is thought to be due to disorder of the chain fine structure. On the other hand, the cationic dyeability is mainly due to the copolymerization of 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid. In addition, normal pressure dyeability in the present invention means dyeability of 100% without a carrier agent.
This means that at a dyeing temperature of 130°C, it is possible to adsorb dyes equivalent to ordinary polyester fibers at a high pressure and dyeing temperature of 130°C.

Next, the latent crimpability of the polyester latent crimpable conjugate fiber of the present invention does not decrease even if it is subjected to heat treatment in the drawing process. The reason is [A].

[In the case of composite fibers made by combining heat treatment of 832 types of polymer components and heat shrinkage paste ethylene terephthalate,
Furthermore, FIG. 7(b) shows the relationship between the heat treatment temperature and the heat shrinkage rate of each polymer single component in the case of the combination of [A]/CBI polyester polymer of the present invention, but In the case of fibers, even if the heat treatment temperature in the drawing process is high (
A], CB: Water production shrinkage rate (BW) of 32 types of polymer components
Since the difference in S) is large, compared to the conventional composite fiber shown in Figure 7 (,), <t, -tA)7tA is higher and the latent crimp property is strongly maintained. I understand.

When the polyester 7-common crimped conjugate fiber according to the present invention is subjected to yarn entanglement treatment to improve the opening properties between single fibers, a very favorable effect can be obtained on the uniformity of the surface of the fabric.

As is well known, in a latent crimpable laminated composite fiber, the phases of the snorral curls of individual single fibers match, giving a strongly focused appearance similar to that of a monofilament in the shape of a warm t-shirt. This converging portion forms streak-like unevenness on the surface of the fabric and makes the fabric feel hard, so it is important to open the single fibers and loosen them to break them apart. This opening can be easily achieved by performing yarn entanglement treatment, but it is more effective if the cross-sectional shape of the single fibers is made irregular.

The yarn entanglement treatment can be performed using a known fluid yarn entanglement treatment device (for example, the interlacing device described in JP-A-54-2441) before winding the drawn yarn into yarn or cheese in the drawing process. Bye. Due to the yarn entanglement process, 9 loops of the knotted part and the spread part are generated as shown in FIG. Rather, it produces favorable effects, such as making it possible to

As the alkaline weight loss processing referred to in the present invention, all known industrially adopted alkali weight loss processing methods can be used.The weight loss rate can be controlled by, for example, caustic soda 3% by weight in the case of hanging 9 weight loss. The aqueous solution may be heated and the fabric immersed in the boiling state for an appropriate period of time (10 to 80 minutes).

〔Example〕

The present invention will be further explained below with reference to Examples.

[Example-1] As the polymer component (A), polyethylene terephthalate consisting essentially only of ethylene terephthalate units and having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.68 was used, and as the polymer component [B],
Using modified polyethylene terephthalate having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.57 and containing 2.3 mol of 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid as a dicarboxylic acid component and 4.8 mol of adipic acid as a copolymer component, the composite shown in FIG. 4 was prepared. 28 from the spinneret having the discharge hole shown in FIG. 5 in the melt spinning apparatus.
It was discharged at 0° C. and wound up at 1400 In/i) to obtain an undrawn yarn of 136 denier/24 filaments having the single fiber cross-sectional shape shown in FIG. 1(b). The undrawn yarn was stretched 2.7 times between a supply roller and a take-off roller heated to 85°C using a drawing/twisting machine shown in FIG. It was heat-treated by running it on a hot plate at 600 m/+ and wound into a pirn. The yarn quality of the obtained drawn yarn is shown in the following table.

Margin breaking strength (g/a) 4.52 Breaking elongation (%) 8.9 Water production shrinkage rate @) s, 4-Crimp elongation rate (after CB) 54.4 Crimp recovery rate C
RC%) 88.7 Crimp rate CC(4
) 31.3 [Example-2] In Figure 6, after leaving the take-up sheet roller and being wound up on Par 7, 2.0 kg was collected using the device shown in Figure 9.
The composite was fabricated in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the fluid yarn entanglement treatment was performed using compressed air at a pressure of / cm Obtained fiber.

[Example-3] The composite fiber obtained in Example-2 was used for the weft, and the warp was made of a commercially available polyester filament with a cut surface of 50 denier/36 filaments, 115 wefts/70 warps. After weaving to the standard of 1/2 twill with a density of 73 strands/size, we made 160 twill with a relaxation rate of 10 inches in weft and 5% in warp.
Preheat setting was performed at 1 minute at 0.degree. C., and then scouring was performed under the following conditions.

Soda ash 2gμ bath ratio
1:100 temperature
98°C [Example-4] The fabric obtained in Example-3 was dyed under the following conditions, then soaped, and subjected to after-heat setting at 150°C for 1 minute. The resulting fabric was uniformly and deeply dyed, and had a soft and puffy texture.

Dye Dianix Blue BG-FS (Mitsubishi Chemical Industries) Dye Manufacturer 1"°"'.

. Dispersant Disper TL 0.5μ
Ultra N2 0.5°5/Bath ratio: 1Nia0 Temperature: 130°C [Example-5] After dyeing the fabric obtained in Example-3 under the following conditions,
After heat setting was performed at 0° C. for 1 minute. The resulting fabric was uniformly dyed and had a soft, puffy texture.

Dye Diacryl Blue GRL-N (Mitsubishi Chemical Industries) Dye concentration 1%owf Dispersant Disper TL O,5/L
[Example-6] The fabric obtained in Example-3 was subjected to alkali weight loss treatment under the following conditions, and then dyed under the same conditions as Example-4. Finished. The resulting fabric had an alkali weight loss rate of 20% and exhibited high drapability while maintaining its fullness. When the weft threads of the fabric were removed and observed under a microscope, the 10th thread was removed.
The single fiber had the cross-sectional shape shown in the figure.

Caustic soda 309μ bath ratio
1:30 Temperature 100℃ (boil) Time
Neutralize for 30 minutes Glacial acetic acid (45%) Igμ [
Comparative Example] Except that a modified polyethylene terephthalate having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.57 and containing 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid as a dicarboxylic acid component and 2.3 molar copolymerization component as the polymer component (B) was used. For example, a composite fiber was obtained in the same manner as in Example-1. The composite fibers were woven and refined in the same manner as in Example-3, and then dyed and finished in the same manner as in Example-4. The obtained fabric had a hard texture with little swelling, and the dyeing density was only light. [Effects of the Invention] According to the present invention, 2
Among the different types of polymer components, ordinary polyethylene terephthalate with an intrinsic viscosity of 0.65 to 0.75 is used for the low heat shrinkage polymer component, and normal pressure dyeable and cationic dyeable for the high heat shrinkage polymer component. By using modified polyethylene terephthalate, which has good elasticity and easy alkali weight loss properties, ■ Excellent latent crimpability can be obtained even at high stretching and twisting heat treatment temperatures, resulting in lower water production shrinkage (BWS) of the entire composite fiber. As a result of this, the fabric after dyeing and finishing has a soft and full texture.

■ By performing an alkaline reduction process after the latent crimp becomes apparent through breheat setting and scouring, a high degree of drapability is imparted to the fabric while maintaining the fullness caused by the crimp development.

■ Since the melt viscosities of the two types of polymer components at a spinning temperature of 270 to 290°C are almost equal, the shape of the discharge hole of the spinneret corresponds to the cross-sectional shape of the actually spun fiber, and It is easy to control the fiber cross-sectional shape.

Furthermore, since the kneading phenomenon on the exit side of the spinning discharge hole is small, the process stability in spinning is also good.

■ The composite fiber of the present invention has atmospheric dyeability derived from the CB and monopolymer acid content, and can be mixed and woven with other fibers such as spandex, silk, and wool, and has a wide range of applications. wide.

■ The composite fiber of the present invention has cationic dyeability derived from the polymer component [B], and can obtain clear dyeability. It is possible to provide a polyester fiber suitable for use.

Further, by subjecting the composite fiber of the present invention to thread entanglement treatment and kneading the single fibers into pieces, a uniform fabric with no unevenness on the surface can be obtained.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an example of a single fiber cross section of the terester latent crimpable composite fiber of the present invention. Figure 2 shows the spinning discharge hole J-shape and the arrangement of the polymer components in the discharge hole when the melt viscosity of the two types of polymer components differs greatly (a) P (b) # (c) Single fiber cross section (a')#(b')#(
Figure 3 shows the alkali weight loss rates of two types of polymer components (A:l, [B]). Fig. 5 shows an example of a spinning device for spinning the latent crimped polyester conjugate fiber of the present invention. Fig. 7 shows a device for drawing undrawn yarns of composite fibers. Figure 7 shows that the combination of polymer components CA) and [B] of the present invention has better latent crimp performance than the combination of polymer components of the conventional method. FIG. FIG. 8 shows the form of the yarn after the yarn interlacing treatment in the present invention. FIG. 9 is an example of the cross-sectional shape of the Kento entangling device useful for producing the polyester fiber of the present invention. FIG. 10 shows the cross-sectional shape of the polyester and stell composite fiber obtained in Example-6 of the present invention. 1... Polyester polymer component CA], 2... Terester polymer component [B], 3... Extruder, 4...
Spin head, 5... Spinneret device, 6... Undrawn yarn, 7
... Front plate, 8... Mouth plate, 9... Discharge hole, 10.
... Supply roller, 11--Heating body, 12... Take-up roller, 13... Stretching pirn, 14... Spreading section, 15-... Knot section, 16... Yarn, 17 -... Compressed air outlet, 18... Collision plate.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] A laminated composite fiber with latent crimp properties consisting of one or two types of polyester polymers, in which at least 95 mol% or more is the polymer component [A] on the low heat shrinkage side. Using polyethylene terephthalate consisting of ethylene terephthalate units, 8 was used as the polymer component [B] on the high heat shrinkage side.
5 mol% or more is composed of ethylene terephthalate units, and the dicarboxylic acid components include 1 to 5 mol% of 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid and 2 to 10 mol% of adipic acid.
A polyester latent crimpable composite fiber characterized by using modified polyethylene terephthalate as a copolymerization component in a mole % range. 2. The polyester latent crimpable conjugate fiber according to claim 1, which has been subjected to yarn entanglement treatment to improve the opening properties between single fibers.